PRIMITIVE SUBSISTENCE FARMING, AGRICULTURE CHAPTER-4

NCERT CLASS 10 GEOGRAPHY
AGRICULTURE: It is a primary activity which produces most of the food we consume. Besides food grains it also produces raw material for various industries.
For example: sugar industry, cotton industry etc.
TYPES OF FARMING:
(A) PRIMITIVE SUBSISTENCE FARMING:
• It is practiced on small patches of land.
• Primitive tools like hoe, dao and digging sticks and family/community labour are used.
• This type of farming depends upon monsoon, natural fertility of soil and suitability of other environmental conditions.
• Land productivity is low as the farmer does not use fertilizers or any other modern inputs.
EXAMPLE: SLASH AND BURN:
• It is also known as shifting cultivation.
• Farmers clear a patch of land and produce cereals and other food crops to sustain their family.
• When soil fertility decreases, they shift and clear a fresh patch of land for cultivation.
• This type of shifting allows nature to replenish the fertility of the soil through natural process.
JHUMMING: North eastern states of India
ROCA: Brazil
MASOLE: Central Africa