Interesting fact for you Ryan, many of the “convicts” that were sent to Australia from the UK were sentenced for trivial things such as stealing a loaf of bread or anything that would earn them money to feed their starving families! It is considered quite a coup these days if you have a convict in your family tree! Love your reactions, kind regards from Melbourne Australia 🇦🇺
You beat me to it about the "convicts" quite a lot of them were not criminals. I don't have any convicts in my family tree, but I do have Scottish ancestors who were convicted of smuggling salt, as about 300 years ago salt was worth more in Scotland than gold.
Exactly right. The convict’s crimes were crimes of survival in the face of English elite oppression. Convicts were mostly Irish and Scottish. I have two Irish convict ancestors, one was a 12 year old girl who stole a coat to keep her sick mother warm and the other was a 20 year old male who stole a sheep to feed his family.
@@treadingtheboards2875 I come from a line of Horse Smugglers. It's amazing when you look up some of the charges and ages of those convicted. Although a lot of Australians forget about the Ships of "Working Women" they brought over for marriage after settlement. We are a mixed bag.
It was illegal for Catholics to practise their religion, so many convicts were actually very good citizens from Ireland/ Scotland/ Wales, who just wanted to pray in their way.
Exactly - I'm proud to have convict heritage. My Mum's family is from England, but my Dad's side goes back to convicts on my Pa's side, and John Forrest, the first WA Premier on my Nana's side.
Just like any other nation, Australia has a complex and not always pleasant history. We've gone from a continent of tribal people, to a rough-and-ready colony, to a nation of people from all over the world, in less than 250 years. We're far from perfect, but still one of the better places to live 😊 Looking forward to seeing you learn more!
GOLD is one of the most used metals in high tech gadgets like your phone and the camera you are doing the video with. Nearly every high powered microchip has Gold wires inside to connect the silicon to the pins.
Yes its the best element for electricity conduction, better than copper. But prior to electronics going right back to ancient civilisations like Egypt it was just a rare but attractive metal. Humans put a lot of value into pretty rocks.
Actually gold was the monetary standard of the day and continued to be until very recently. Each British banknote, for example, had written on it that it could be exchanged for a certain amount of gold (hence the Pound). Finding and mining gold was essentially a license to manufacture wealth. Productivity increased as a result of increased demand on goods and services.
It’s not the greatest video to learn Australian history from. Don’t feel bad about your “ignorance”. It’s your education system. I taught for a while in the USA and your system is very parochial and that’s not your fault. The great thing is you’re open to learning so kudos to you! In Australia we are proud that we give everyone “a fair go”. It’s part of our national identity. Take care.
@@unoriginalsyn It depends, I think, on who you are dealing with, which is a shame. I don’t think it’s my place to give indigenous Australians a “fair go”. When it comes to our indigenous population there is a need for equity because of how our indigenous people have been and still are treated. White Australia tried to centre themselves and thought they could tell them what’s best for them and how they should do it. I believe that is disrespectful and White Australians should be allies. We should work with them, hence the need for equity. One of my family members has helped Noel Pearson to create a curriculum that is more suitable for indigenous Australians. It’s been very humbling to see them work with Mr Pearson. My first “real job” was teaching indigenous children. I loved it. When I came back from my country service it really shaped how I dealt with indigenous students in urban Australia. When it came to indigenous students at the school I taught at, there was a constant dialogue with the Elders. We also knew how to direct students to the programs and assistance schemes that are in place. Coming from a law background as well helped me when teaching classes who were predominantly white. I know my white privilege, I know about the systemic racism and I always taught the truth about Australia’s history. I’ve never white washed it (for lack of a better term). Not all white Australians are racist. There are people who sincerely wish there was not a two tier system and do what we can to be allies. I’ve had lots of jobs in my life and worn many hats. I have been able to assist when I could, ask questions and work with indigenous Australians. We have the most ancient living culture in the world and I will always step up and do what I am asked to do and also ask where I can help. I believe in reconciliation. I believe it can be achieved but until Australia fully reckons with its past, reconciliation will progress more slowly. As I said, it’s not my place to centre myself, but my family going back 60 years has always tried to be allies. It was how I was raised. You listen, you respect, you keep engaged in the dialogue and when you stuff up (everyone does), you take responsibility for it, learn from it and don’t do it again. All I can do is try, keep working and work towards a one tier system. Australia is supposed to be an egalitarian society.
@@sherrylovegood it's a very complicated issue that's for sure, I like many Aussies straddle the line of race, half white half aboriginal and its hard place to be at times because you are treated with mistrust from both and the other day when I saw your comment had just experienced discrimination yet again once it was known that I was Aboriginal, it's so hard and sad, I work hard, treat people with respect, pay my taxes and be a good citizen and still be treated like a drug addict and thief because I'm proud of my heritage 😪 so complicated yeah and it's never up to one person but all of us to change things, I have hope but some days are harder than others
@@sherrylovegood I have no heritage being adopted. I pass for many heritages by looks. This I know - I am part of the Human Race. I am over the 'racist' comments - aren't we the 'human race'? Colour, creed, religion ...yet many fall into being 'more'? Over this - walk on.
@@unoriginalsyn I have no heritage being adopted. I pass for many heritages by looks. This I know - I am part of the Human Race. I am over the 'racist' comments - aren't we the 'human race'? Colour, creed, religion ...yet many fall into being 'more'? Over this - walk on.
Yes, please watch rabbit proof fence, it's a good base to ensure you have some sensitivity towards Aboriginal people and their history when reacting to Australian videos
Speaking of Australian cowboy days (we call them ‘stockmen’) and what shaped our psyche, here’s another rabbit hole for you to explore; it’s the poem “The Man From Snowy River” penned by one of Australia’s most famous poets, Banjo Patterson. It was made into a highly acclaimed mini series. In the linked video, the poem is read by Frankie J Holden (a rock singer / actor who took his surname from an Australian built car) and set to excerpts from the film. I get goosebumps every time I see this. It’s visually a poor quality video but TH-cam keeps taking it down so this is the best I could find. th-cam.com/video/hlKptiofy9w/w-d-xo.html
The Man from Snowy River was also made into a movie. I thought it was a great movie with a great soundtrack. Based on an excellent Australian poem. I have the Complete Works of Banjo Patterson too.
@@Cindy-xg6yn yes and the original movie had a sequel, “The Man From Snowy River II”. In the USA, the sequel was known as “Return to Snowy River” and the UK as “The Untamed”.
The reason gold was so sought after and valued is because its one of the few things that don't rust or tarnish. It's very hard to have gold rust, would have to take many many years of oxygenation.
There are some 30 shipwrecks located along the Australian southeastern continent. A number of vessels carrying iron ore from South Australian mines to Port Kembla were sunk.
As an Australian Historian this video is only about 25% on point. There is about 70% missing and 5% of what he did say is incorrect, but it's a start! CHOOKAS! 💚
Don't feel bad mate, a lot of Australians don't know Australian history...especially younger generations. In saying that, I recently watched a reaction on youtube about how little young Americans know about American history. It's a real shame because it's so important to know . Anyway...great job as usual
Japan attacked the Australian mainland and territorial waters on a number of occasions . The most notable being the following. On 19th Feb 1942 the first air raid on Darwin involved 242 Japanese aircraft and killed 235 people, and sunk 11 ships and aircraft. A follow up raid killed 70 people and destroyed 24 aircraft. In total there were approximately 111 air raids on the northern part of Australia. On 31st May 1942 the Japanese sent three midget submarines into Sydney Harbour with two of them destroyed before they could fire their torpedoes. Their task was to sink the heavy cruiser USS Chicago, but instead sank the converted ferry HMAS Kuttabul, killing 21 sailors. One of the mother submarines sitting off the coast shelled Sydney during the raid. This shore bombardment was to cause confusion during the raid. Prior to the raid an aircraft was launched from a Japanese submarine do fly up the harbour to do a bit of reconnaissance. On 8th June 1942 The Shelling of Newcastle was conducted by the Japanese submarine I-21 in the early hours of 8 June 1942. The bombardment followed the Attack on Sydney Harbour on 31 May, and was conducted shortly after I-24 shelled the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney. On 14th May 1943 the well lit Australian Hospital Ship Centaur was attacked and sunk by a Japanese submarine off the coast of Queensland, Australia, on 14th May 1943. Of the 332 medical personnel and civilian crew aboard, 268 died, including 63 of the 65 army personnel.
Hold, wait, wait please ... Submarine do not do land bombardments, fact number 1. Submarine did not have any aircraft to fly off for reconnaissance. There wasn't and isn't any thing like mother submarine.
@@ahmedshinwari Bombardment: Reference to bombardment on the Australian War Memorial site here ajrp.awm.gov.au/ajrp/ajrp2.nsf/437f72f8ac2c07238525661a00063aa6/225b90b97196e29bca256a1d00130203?OpenDocument. There are many more references available for the submarines bombardment of the land. Aircraft: These Japanese submarines had an aircraft onboard specifically for reconnaissance. Reference here www.ozatwar.com/japrecce/recce21.htm There are many more references available regarding the aircraft Yokosuka E14Y1, Navy Type 0 "Glen" carried onboard the submarine. Mother Submarine: Here's a reference to mother submarine here www.navy.gov.au/history/feature-histories/japanese-midget-submarine-attack-sydney-harbour and another reference here by a Japanese pilot referring to mother submarine www.ozatwar.com/japrecce/recce08.htm
@@ahmedshinwari Ahmed: I'm not sure what point you are trying to make. The simple fact is that the IJN had large mother-subs that carried the 'Midget Subs' 'pick-a-back' (piggy back) on their decks. The midgets were then released off shore whilst the 'mothers' waited out to sea. The fourth of the 'Mother-subs' carried a float-plane that flew the reconnaissance mission. The float plane then returned to the mother sub where it was retrieved and placed back on board it's mother sub. When the attack failed; the 'Mother-subs', remaining at their pre-ordained rendevous locations waited in vain. They then launched the surface attacks on Newcastle and Sydney. The subs did indeed have deck-mounted artillery and caused some damage, some panic but no deaths. You need to go and check some sources for the actual history. the-wanderling.com/mother_ship.html
@@ahmedshinwari You need to do some reading of history old mate.They did indeed fire on Australian soil from the the deck gun of a submarine.Learn history before commenting.
Australian Bushrangers. Now there is a rabbit hole that you can spend days in with people such as Ned kelly, Ben Hall, Frank Gardiner, Bluecap, Captain Thunderbolt, Jack Donahue, Dan Morgan, the Clarke brothers, Captain Moonlite and the Governor brothers just to name a few. Side note the world's first feature-length narrative film was Australian and the subject? yep the Ned Kelly Gang.
When convicts were sent to Australia, their punishment was done in two parts. The first part would be serving time for their crime back in the UK, the second part was that once they had served their time they must remain in Australia equal to the years for their crime. For example, if you stole a loaf a bread and was given 8 years punishment, then you would have to spend up to another 8 years in Australia before being allowed back to the UK. These were the free convicts. Keep in mind that convicts sent to Australia were not murderers and rapists, they were generally put to death back in the UK. Convicts were generally just common thieves. Some convicts were sent simply because they had a special skill. When you think about it, there is no money to be made if you send murderers, but there is money to be made if the convict can fix ships, build houses, etc. It costs alot of money to setup a new world.
Nah, there were pretty good number of murderers and rapists too... Had there been just innocent convicts then there would not have been brutality against the native people!
@@ahmedshinwari Sorry but you're wrong there. Murderers and rapists were hang by the neck when found guilty, that was the law. You'll find that what ever brutality was committed, it was was done by FREE men or FREE settlers. Don't believe everything you read on the Net, go to a real Library and read the real history written by the people who lived in that time. You'll have to dig deep, it's very hard to find.
I had never heard that and I have been a student of NSW colonial history for a long time. My understanding that once you had served your time you were absolutely free. I would be very interested to locate the source of that information please.
@@jenniferbell6832 I remember reading this in a book in high school back in the 70's. Now that I think about it, I may have got my numbers wrong in my post. If a Convict was given 8 years but was a good boy for 4 of those years, he might be given what we call parole for the remaining 4 years. He was a free man here in Australia but he could not return to the UK. Once his full 8 years were up he could return to the UK. The crazy thing is, as I type this, I still remember reading that additional time somewhere. It may have something to do with Port Artur or one of the other hard prison colonies. History can be a very fickle thing.
The name of my country is meaningful simply cos it is always what I have known it as my whole life and therefore is part of my culture. Greetings from New Zealand.
@@chchwoman9960 so then if it had been called Hingybonglepongensteintopia, that would be meaningful, which kind of eliminates OP’s relief that New Holland didn’t stick.
Sailors did not know where they were on the ocean in the 1600s. They knew what their latitude was most of the time but had no way of knowing what their longitude was. Captain Cook in 1770 did know.
@@timp1390 The Dutch and Portuguese didn’t know the longitude. Captain Cook was the first to sail with a chronometer (and a team of astronomers) so had a very precise idea of his longitude.
@@allangibson2408 John Harrison, a working class clock maker form Yorkshire, solved the problem of longitude by inventing a timepiece that could tell the right time at sea. His chronometer, H4, built in 1759 after years of experimentation, was the first marine timekeeper accurate enough to be used with confidence. When Cook set sail in 1768 on his first voyage of discovery aboard Endeavour he held the rank of lieutenant. Soon after his return to England in 1771 he was promoted to the rank of commander. He never actually held the rank of captain, but in 1775 was promoted to the higher rank of post-captain. Pedantic, I know, but was Cook the first to use Harrison's Chronometer?
Actually in the early 1400s the Chinese explored much of the world, including Australia, the Arctic, the Antarctic, the coast of the Americas (N & S), and the coast of Africa. Not much is known about this because (1) we tend to be Eurocentric in our view of history and (2) the Chinese for their own reasons stopped exploring and destroyed many records of their discoveries. The evidence is based on few remaining records and relics left behind by the explorers. This was before the Portuguese & Dutch. There's also evidence that the Vikings reached North America well beforehand.
I have seen a really interesting show on the long term trade between indigenous Australians and Asian people (Indonesian, Malay, Chinese) going back very far. There are native peoples in Arnhem Land where using two sticks (chopsticks) to eat is a normal part of their culture now. There has been ongoing cultural exchanges between Australia and Asia for centuries
One has to remember that many of those convicts weren't really what we would think of criminals nowadays eg children who were sent to Australia as convicts for stealing a loaf of bread to eat, people who were willing to do what they needed to do to survive. Rabbit Proof Fence is a great movie which shows Aussie history with the aboriginals even today aboriginals are affected eg high drinking rates etc because I think their culture was so badly affected. Something you may not know is that a lot of land has been given back to the aboriginals and there are areas where white people aren't allowed to go without consent of their elders to stay in.
The segments of an orange thing for the Sydney Opera House is a myth. Jōrn Utzon the architect said in an interview he was inspired by the sails of boats on Sydney Harbour.
I saw an interview with Utzon I the very very early days ( 1960's) of the design & build and he DID speak of the concept of the orange segments to actually get the sail shape of the sails of the boats and ships that he could see from his home. Not from the sails on Sydney Harbour but it was all transferable to Sydney anyway
The worst event for Australia of Second World War is largely unknown by the Australian public to this day. In Northern Borneo, over 2300 Australian and British soldiers were captured and imprisoned by the Japanese and treated with great brutality. Most died in that first camp. The remaining 600 were marched across the mountainous and treacherous terrain to a second POW camp built in the heart of the jungle. Australian special forces were sent to gather intelligence on Japanese troops movements, watched from this event unfold from their jungle hideout, but were told to not interfer, because it would alert the Japanese. By the end of the war only 6, yes SIX were still alive. All 6 were Australian and had escaped the camp at different times. They were given safe haven by local villagers. Of the 2300, every single soldier, except those 6 died or were killed. See 'The Sandakan Death March' if you want more information.
I'm a teacher - I make sure to discuss Sandakan whenever I have a year 10 Humanities class. I also make sure I point out that the USSR won the space race by almost every metric though, so I'm probably not typical in terms of curriculum content :)
If you were captured by the Japanese you knew what to expect so it was better to die in combat than it was to be a POW. I remember reading a lot when I was 8 years old that the Japanese beheaded a lot of POWs and placed their heads on poles as a warning to others, very horrific. The Papua New Guineans played a crucial role against the Japanese on the Kakoda Trail. They would dig holes and place sharpened sticks in the pits and camoflage them so that the Japanese walking along would fall into these traps and of course died painfully. To some people these days the term "fuzzy wuzzy" might be seen as racism but was really an affectionate name given to the Papua New Guineans for their part in helping us defeat the Japanese in the region during the Second World War. In combat weapons aren't everything you can make a weapon out of just about anything crude weaponary but still as effective.
Sydney was also attacked by Japanese miniature submarines that came into Sydney Harbour and sank a Ferry being used as Military barracks. The remains of one is in the Australian War Memorial. Shipping was also attacked off the east coast of Australia. I live in what was one of the little gold mining towns in NSW it is now famous for its Apples, because one of the gold miners noted the areas similarities to apple growing regions where he came from, and made more money from growing food than mining.
New South Wales is still a state within Australia and is the most populated state in the country. the city of Sydney is located in New South Wales......also remember..... before the British..... New York use to be called New Amsterdam.
Our $20 bank note has Mary Reiby on it. I can't remember her whole story, but here goes from what I remember. In England, she dressed up in boy's clothing, and stole a horse and tried to sell it. She was about 13 I think. She was caught and convicted and sent to the colonies to serve her time. When she was free she somehow got involved with a rich landowner and married him. She got into business and founded the Bank of New South Wales, now called Westpac Bank. She and her husband (can't remember if this was the same husband or her first husband died and she remarried), but he also was wealthy and they lived in Tasmania for a while on a lovely estate. The house is still there and open to the public. Its lovely. (Entally House). She was quite a girl and way ahead of her time.
Highly recommend a dvd called ‘Longitude’ starring Jeremy Irons. It may sound dull but its riveting. It’s the story of John Harrison and the way he worked out how to accurately work out longitude. There was a competition with a phenomenal (for the time) prize of money. Harrison , who was a carpenter by trade and had never been to sea, designed and built four clocks over about a 20 year period (known as the Harrison Clocks on display at the maritime museum at Greenwich). Captain Cook wrote to Harrison to thank him and tell he refused to go to sea without a Harrison clock on board. The clocks were restored to working order just after WW2. They are accurate to with in about 5 seconds per month, not bad for a 200 year old clock built by a self taught watchmaker who was a carpenter.
Harrison also built a clock totally made of wood. By using a mixture of different types the clock was self oiling and remains in working condition today.
Sydney Opera House sails - think Basket ball - cut along the black lines segmenting a basket ball they would curl up to look like the opera house! 😎 CHOOKAS! 💚
The animated video left out Australia was founded as a penal colony because after the American War of Independence, America refused to accept any more English convicts. I’ve had some Americans say Australians are all criminals (lol) because of our convict past, but they don’t know that America was for some time also a British penal colony. Also, around the time of Australia’s Bicentenary in 1988, it kind of became cool to have a convict in your family tree. Sadly we only had Free Settlers in ours (although if the original Free Settler in our family hadn’t left England when he did, he might well have ended up a convict!)
My great great grandfather was sent to Australia on the charge of stealing lodgings. Him and his brother got on the drink, spent the night at an inn. Ran up a tab they couldn’t pay for. For this they were sent to Aus. Ironically years later after his realise he got drunk and fell off the back of a wagon and died. Alcohol was definitely his down fall 🍺
You should look into an animated history of pre Roman times to get an understanding as to why Gold was so much sought after. It is so much more precious nowadays that old workings with very low remnant concentrations of the metal are being reworked. Many of the local gold miners travelled here from the US and Alaskan diggings so you might learn something about that. The Eureka Stockade was was a great piece of our history with the open revolt against an unfair establishment but our first rebellion, the Rum rebellion of some 30 years earlier, was the first to take on an authoritarian system.
I'll second what was said about the film, Rabbit Proof Fence. It should be very high on the list of Australian movies that should be watched by anyone that wants to learn more about Australia and it's history.
Also, America came to the defense of Australia in the second world war at the Battle of the Coral Sea. This may explain why we treat the US as big brother in the hope that they will do it again if needed.
America became an ally after the bombing of Pearl Harbour and fought alongside the British and Australians against the Japanese in the Pacific as well as on European soil. As part of becoming allies, each ally came to the aid of the other.
Hi mate ..about 1 hour drive from Melbourne at Ballarat gold mine (sovereign Hill) you can see gold bars being poured ...its like an old colonial town ..
The natives of Australia as we know them today have migrated from the North many of thousands of years ago when there were land bridges. There was a discovery in a cave in Russia of hand bones that had been preserved in ice for thousands of years belong to an extinct people called the Denisovans. The closest relative on the earth today of these people is the Australian aboriginal.
@@lifelongbachelor3651 The last time Australia had a land bridge to anywhere was Antartica. There has always been a (quite deep) strait between the Australian continent and Asia - the Lombok Strait.
The explorers named the new land with something familiar. New South Wales was named by James Cook because it reminded him of South Wales. Gold was valuable as it was an 'international currency' and could be bought and sold anywhere in the world. The Chinese came because they wanted to accumulate wealth by mining for gold but they really made their money by growing food to sell to the miners. We have a multi-cultural population and everyone mixes together without difficulty. You should visit the land 'downunder' and take a look for yourself.
The Japanese also got into the Sydney harbour area too in a minisub and I think they bombed Sydney at least once. My Mum was in the Navy in Sydney during the war (and after) and she remembers that event very well.
Gold is extremely productive. I got a $4000 Dollar metal detector at the start of covid I’ve already found $8000 in gold. Still tones of it left can’t even imagine what it was like when the gold rush was happening. I’m from Victoria btw
You underestimate just how skilled those early explorers were. The mathematics of navigation are much more complex thsn you might think, because in order to navigate, you need to factor in time as well angles of the sun and/or stars. They had mechanical clocks that need to keep precise time over many months of travel. By the way Ned Kelly was a cold-blooded murderer, not a hero.
One of many things missed in this ,is the fact that the indigenous people of Australia are the oldest continuing race on the planet, est to 65,OO0 years, from available artefacts, As with most colonising practice their traditions and lives were low on the list of things that could were valuable, they were treated appallingly .It is the earnest wish of the vast majority of Australians that reconciliation will give better outcomes , support and secure their unique culture .
They’re the second oldest. The oldest at 140,000 - 100,000 and still around today are the San people of the continental of Africa… inhabiting lands such as Botswana, Namibia, Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, and South Africa. In fact, the San are the direct descendants of one of the original ancestral human groups (haplogroup), making the San the oldest civilization in the world. In the past, the San were semi-nomadic hunter-gatherers, but today many San work as farm laborers, run nature conservancies, and other various small jobs as hunting and gathering alone is no longer sustainable. Recent archaeological finds have uncovered the oldest known ritual ceremonies, which have been been attributed to the San.
Gold is valuable because it's rare, the same as gem stones. But gold is also inert. It doesn't tarnish or degrade over time. It's also a great electrical conductor and has many other amazing properties and uses.
If you come to Australia, in Melbourne you can go for a tour of the old Melbourne jail, which is where Ned Kelly was hanged. The old gallows etc are on display. Quite an eerie experience.
Did you know I’m related to Mary Reibey and a guy who owned Bondi beach but the he sold it and now it’s public and sadly my family doesn’t own some of it
Btw, the indigenous Australians came to our country during on of the ice ages, where Indonesia, new zealand, Australia, Philippines Malaysia and china were all connected via ice sheets, but those sheets melted, separating us
The Sydney Opera House sphere explanation thing…I’m gunna give it a shot. The first sketches the architect drew had the form of his idea pretty much complete but they were whimsical and vague. They were enough to win him the design competition but the question became how to achieve the design cost effectively. The architect discovered that he could make all of the surfaces from a single theoretical sphere whilst still maintaining his design aesthetic. In practice this means that the building process can be streamlined. Think for example the tiles that adorn the surface. All of those tiles are of a consistent curvature…the tiles used on the smaller shells can fit perfectly on the larger shells too. This theory is embedded deeper in the design as well considering things like the concrete ribs that form the bones of the building that could all be formed from a single mould/extrusion process regardless of which shell the rib was destined for. Everything is the same curvature. Search for photos of the half completed Opera House and you’ll find a construction site as beautiful as the finished building.
An easy way to visualize the "perfect sphere" is get an orange, take off the peel. The inside is made up of segments. Pull them apart, and you'll see the "sails of the opera house"
Mate, you're not ignorant, you're willing to learn and are open to different points of view, but we Aussies like humility and tend to be self-deprecating as well, so we identify with you on that one. 😉 Yes, Australia has a bit of a sordid past when it comes to our indigenous people, something we are trying to rectify and still have a lot of work to do. Just go back to some of the old videos from the 50s and 60s you can find on TH-cam, some of the comments on immigration are eye opening to say the least. But, on a more positive note, we have become a far more accepting society and along with our unique flora and fauna we are a proud nation that wants to show off what our great country has to offer. Of course I am generalising, we still do have our idiots that spoil it from time to time, but then what counties don't have people like this?
When l was like 4 years in 1967 old we use to go to Wilson's promatory in down bottom of Victoria at the beach l was jumping on a big chunk of steel stuck in the sand my dad said it was a old Japanese submarine..
In terms of realising where they were in the ocean, latitude was easy angle from sun etc. longitude was the difficult one and it was tied up with being able to keep accurate time at sea. There is a wonderful book written about it.
"Convicts" - sentenced to "Transportation" for such heinous crimes as "stealing a loaf of bread to feed your starving kids" or "possessing an Irish accent whilst in England"
The White Australia policy wasn't abolished until 1966. My mum is Sri Lankan and came over in 1962 and had to prove (on paper) she was white by tracing back the European side of her family all the way to England (she was a Sri Lankan/Dutch Mix).
@@disgruntledunicorn007 they announced it was being abolished in 66 but yes took until mid 70s to fully implement as the transition took time. It didn't happen overnight.
Some simple pointers about "Gold"... first there was the California rush (aka '49), then came an alluvial rush in Bathurst (New South Wales), before the alluvial mother load in Central Victoria (Bendigo, Ballarat and surrounds).... that was followed by underground and Company owned mines... most of which are still ticking over. Then of course there's Klondyke, Kalgoorlie and Karoo. (Canada, Western Australia and South Africa)... Northern Australia was bombed/attacked multiple times.... so was Hawaii and mainland America, but there's a difference between 6 aircraft and 60... and between an opportunistic strafing run and a targeted Bombing attack.
Saw the 7 minute timestamp on that video and couldn't help thinking "I wonder how many important things are they going to cut out" .... Turns out most of it
After returning from WW1 as a decorated soldier, my Grandad became a postmaster general in the country areas of NSW. after a number of years he and his family (including my mum who was just a young girl at the time) were reposted to Darwin a just week before the Japanese attack. At the last minute my grandad turned it down and decided to stay in NSW. Thankfully so, as the entire post office was destroyed by the Japanese attack on Darwin killing everyone inside the postoffice (postmaster Generals families lived in a small apartment on top of the post offices back then) That one simple decision is why I'm here.
Dear Ryan, Re: the sails of the Sydney Opera House making up a sphere. Think of a peeled orange, segmented then cut them on a transverse plane, and then stick all those bits and pieces in strategically arrived at places on a horizontal surface - and on each other - and voila!… a ridiculous looking building with amazing acoustics inside. I hope that helps 😁😉❤️
I love your enthusiasm for Australia and its history. You are always welcome here. It's fair to say, that most countries are ignorant to other countries history. Except for the more basic, famous things, that we were all taught at school.
The major move forward for Australia, which is where Ned Kelly, Peter Lalor of the Eureaks Stockaid and the Durack's Kings in Grass Castles come into the picture, was the horrendous way the British treated the Irish settlers, and how they fought back. Worth researching Ryan.
The most well known battles we had with the Japanese during the war were on the Kokoda track in Papua New Guinea. We were outnumbered nearly 3-1 but still managed to push them back.
My grandfather was in the RAAF in Darwin when we were bombed by the Japanese but he never spoke of it. My son has his war medals, very precious to,him.
The story about the opera house is that the architect got the idea from peeling a mandarin orange. Its about the halves of each shell separately, not just joining each shell itself.
Gold has been used as tangible currency for Millenia. It’s only relatively recently that currency (coins and notes) has been used to represent gold. The British “pound note” was originally a handwritten paper stating that the holder owns a corresponding pound of gold, held in the issuing bank
Ned Kelly made his last stand in Glenrowan. the police took out his gang there and captured Ned, Ned was hung at the Old melbourne gaol while his mum was working in the laundry ( she was also in gaol).
I dont believe any Ausssie kid has ever been taught in school that if you put all the segments of the Sydney Opera House together it forms a sphere! I'm Aussie and I learned it 9n your channel 🤣🤣
My first ancestors here were convicts. William, who was sentenced to 32 years for a few things, he arrived in 1814.( These two were on my father's side) His wife was a convict who arrived here a couple of years later. They met in Parramatta prison and married while in gaol. When they earned their freedom, they went on to have 16 children! Through circumstances, the surname changed over the years ; so there are lots of families out there who we'll probably never know🤔🙄😔 but I'm proud to know about them, their names, the prison ships they arrived on etc😊 we have a very rich history here in Australia 🇦🇺 I often feel sad for those who were sent to the other side of the world, never to se there families again and to lose all their culture, ancestors and story's. Anyway, I'm so proud that I'm an eighth generation Aussie 🇦🇺👣🌏🪐🍀🌕🙏🦋🌸🌺🦉🏡🌴🌹🌹🌹 and no, it's not to say that I'm proud of how they treated the amazing 60,000 year old culture who dwelt here. It's shameful😔😔😔😥😥😥😥
Gold is the only metal that will not tarnish, oxidize or rust. You can get gold leaf, extremely thin in sheet form (about 0.1 micrometre, or 4 millionths of an inch, thick) because of the usefulness of thin gold in electronics and the space program the value jumped by 400%
Yes it would be good to hear more about the stolen generations ?? May be the full truth for a change , mention of the"" white children " also removed from their parents . The truth that the children were removed from drunken and extream poverty situations in a miss guided way to give them an education and a better chance of a better life
@@lloydwegener3956 I didn’t know that about the white kids. See even now as someone who has a whole term of school on the stolen generations didn’t know that
@@calibie6370 why would they teach something that might interfere with the notion that only aboriginal children were taken . This would destroy the poor me aboriginal crap that the left wing media pushes every day at every opportunity. If someone offers a different version of the (stolen generation.) I.e the truth ,they are hounded mercilessly . How dare anyone has different views than them . please let the truth be known They
P.S TAKING of white children is still happening, I have personal experience. Some 7 years ago my daughter had my 2 grand children taken from her and put In foster care because she was on drugs and not looking after them properly so it can still happen.
@@lloydwegener3956 I don’t think has anything to do with racism. It has to do with the fact that the childrens mother was under the influence of drugs and shouldn’t be taking care of children if any age
The state capital of Victoria called Melbourne was actually founded by two guys from Tasmania, Batman and Falkner. Sydney was Australias first city, Hobart was second and Launceston was third. The Japanese that bombed Australia were from the same battle fleet that bombed Pearl Harbour.
@Ryan Was I feel the need to help you understand the sphere.... if you peel an orange and pull all the segments apart then cut them half and thirds etc then stand them up on the flat edge you have just cut it looks the the sydney opera house....but if you were to put all the segments back together you have a round orange again... hope this helps you understand how it becomes a sphere.
I was looking into aust gold rushes which led to gold rushes globally. In almost every occassion it was more about population expansion for econonmic gain for the merchants and bankers.
A japanese sub made it into Sydney Harbour and destroyed a boat. Australian navy also had a run in with a German ship in West Aust waters... HMAS Sydney sunk with no survivers (except one who was found dead in a life raft washed up on an island to the nrth), there were 645 crew on board.
I hope you understand how it works by now but if you don't, here is why the opera house is pointed. Step 1 - Draw a circle. Step 2 - Draw lines to cut the circle into eighths. Step 3 - Look where the lines intersect in the middle... oh wow... each eighth form a point... now that circle you drew? Represents half a sphere... so imagine bending it upwards and you can see how it forms half a sphere... you just gotta do that twice to form a full sphere now don't you?
The discovery of gold in Victoria in 1851 led to the Victorian gold rush, and the city grew rapidly. By 1865, it had overtaken Sydney as Australia's most populous city. This economic boom peaked during the 1880s and Melbourne had become the richest city in the world.
The Japanese bombed mainly Darwin in the Northern Territory and Townsville in North Queensland, their was a big Australian and US air bases in and around Townsville, Townsville was also were many of our soldiers left to go to the Vietnam war.
Interestingly the first *allied* shots of World War 1 and 2 were fired by gun emplacements in Victoria, one from Fort Nepean and one from the channel fort in Port Phillip Bay.
Hi Ryan. Newcastle is mentioned in the video you reacted to. You also were surprised by the Japanese attacks on Northern Australia.The Japanese also came over to the east coast and shelled Newcastle from submarines. There is a fascinating documentary about this and why Newcastle was such an important target.If you get time it might be very informative to you. Keep up the good work. th-cam.com/video/wOcpAMgPh1I/w-d-xo.html
there are lots of reasons gold is valuable. It doesn't rust or decay. Its easy to work. Its shiny. It is an excellent conductor. It is great for radiation shielding. Its not toxic or radioactive.
![[Part 1] ทารกน้อยถูกทิ้ง👶 หญิงชราเก็บขวดขายเลี้ยงดูเขาจนโต #โลกการละคร](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/nPTDvFCExks/mqdefault.jpg)
Interesting fact for you Ryan, many of the “convicts” that were sent to Australia from the UK were sentenced for trivial things such as stealing a loaf of bread or anything that would earn them money to feed their starving families! It is considered quite a coup these days if you have a convict in your family tree! Love your reactions, kind regards from Melbourne Australia 🇦🇺
You beat me to it about the "convicts" quite a lot of them were not criminals.
I don't have any convicts in my family tree, but I do have Scottish ancestors who were convicted of smuggling salt, as about 300 years ago salt was worth more in Scotland than gold.
Exactly right. The convict’s crimes were crimes of survival in the face of English elite oppression. Convicts were mostly Irish and Scottish. I have two Irish convict ancestors, one was a 12 year old girl who stole a coat to keep her sick mother warm and the other was a 20 year old male who stole a sheep to feed his family.
@@treadingtheboards2875 I come from a line of Horse Smugglers. It's amazing when you look up some of the charges and ages of those convicted. Although a lot of Australians forget about the Ships of "Working Women" they brought over for marriage after settlement. We are a mixed bag.
It was illegal for Catholics to practise their religion, so many convicts were actually very good citizens from Ireland/ Scotland/ Wales, who just wanted to pray in their way.
Exactly - I'm proud to have convict heritage. My Mum's family is from England, but my Dad's side goes back to convicts on my Pa's side, and John Forrest, the first WA Premier on my Nana's side.
Just like any other nation, Australia has a complex and not always pleasant history. We've gone from a continent of tribal people, to a rough-and-ready colony, to a nation of people from all over the world, in less than 250 years. We're far from perfect, but still one of the better places to live 😊 Looking forward to seeing you learn more!
GOLD is one of the most used metals in high tech gadgets like your phone and the camera you are doing the video with. Nearly every high powered microchip has Gold wires inside to connect the silicon to the pins.
Is that why they where mining it in the 1850’s?
Yes its the best element for electricity conduction, better than copper. But prior to electronics going right back to ancient civilisations like Egypt it was just a rare but attractive metal. Humans put a lot of value into pretty rocks.
Actually gold was the monetary standard of the day and continued to be until very recently. Each British banknote, for example, had written on it that it could be exchanged for a certain amount of gold (hence the Pound). Finding and mining gold was essentially a license to manufacture wealth. Productivity increased as a result of increased demand on goods and services.
@@samshort365 and this is why the comparison to crypto currency is ridiculous. 👌👍
In the old days Gold was highly valued because its attractive looking, doesnt rust, malleable and rare.
It’s not the greatest video to learn Australian history from.
Don’t feel bad about your “ignorance”. It’s your education system. I taught for a while in the USA and your system is very parochial and that’s not your fault.
The great thing is you’re open to learning so kudos to you! In Australia we are proud that we give everyone “a fair go”. It’s part of our national identity.
Take care.
Yeah everyone gets a 'fair go' unless your aboriginal of course
@@unoriginalsyn It depends, I think, on who you are dealing with, which is a shame. I don’t think it’s my place to give indigenous Australians a “fair go”. When it comes to our indigenous population there is a need for equity because of how our indigenous people have been and still are treated.
White Australia tried to centre themselves and thought they could tell them what’s best for them and how they should do it. I believe that is disrespectful and White Australians should be allies.
We should work with them, hence the need for equity.
One of my family members has helped Noel Pearson to create a curriculum that is more suitable for indigenous Australians. It’s been very humbling to see them work with Mr Pearson.
My first “real job” was teaching indigenous children. I loved it. When I came back from my country service it really shaped how I dealt with indigenous students in urban Australia.
When it came to indigenous students at the school I taught at, there was a constant dialogue with the Elders. We also knew how to direct students to the programs and assistance schemes that are in place. Coming from a law background as well helped me when teaching classes who were predominantly white.
I know my white privilege, I know about the systemic racism and I always taught the truth about Australia’s history. I’ve never white washed it (for lack of a better term).
Not all white Australians are racist. There are people who sincerely wish there was not a two tier system and do what we can to be allies. I’ve had lots of jobs in my life and worn many hats. I have been able to assist when I could, ask questions and work with indigenous Australians.
We have the most ancient living culture in the world and I will always step up and do what I am asked to do and also ask where I can help. I believe in reconciliation. I believe it can be achieved but until Australia fully reckons with its past, reconciliation will progress more slowly.
As I said, it’s not my place to centre myself, but my family going back 60 years has always tried to be allies. It was how I was raised. You listen, you respect, you keep engaged in the dialogue and when you stuff up (everyone does), you take responsibility for it, learn from it and don’t do it again. All I can do is try, keep working and work towards a one tier system. Australia is supposed to be an egalitarian society.
@@sherrylovegood it's a very complicated issue that's for sure, I like many Aussies straddle the line of race, half white half aboriginal and its hard place to be at times because you are treated with mistrust from both and the other day when I saw your comment had just experienced discrimination yet again once it was known that I was Aboriginal, it's so hard and sad, I work hard, treat people with respect, pay my taxes and be a good citizen and still be treated like a drug addict and thief because I'm proud of my heritage 😪 so complicated yeah and it's never up to one person but all of us to change things, I have hope but some days are harder than others
@@sherrylovegood I have no heritage being adopted. I pass for many heritages by looks. This I know - I am part of the Human Race. I am over the 'racist' comments - aren't we the 'human race'? Colour, creed, religion ...yet many fall into being 'more'? Over this - walk on.
@@unoriginalsyn I have no heritage being adopted. I pass for many heritages by looks. This I know - I am part of the Human Race. I am over the 'racist' comments - aren't we the 'human race'? Colour, creed, religion ...yet many fall into being 'more'? Over this - walk on.
'Rabbit Proof Fence' is an excellent film. Very moving.
Yes. The Nightingale is great too
And it’s true
Yes, please watch rabbit proof fence, it's a good base to ensure you have some sensitivity towards Aboriginal people and their history when reacting to Australian videos
"based" on a true story...
The Tracker is better.
Speaking of Australian cowboy days (we call them ‘stockmen’) and what shaped our psyche, here’s another rabbit hole for you to explore; it’s the poem “The Man From Snowy River” penned by one of Australia’s most famous poets, Banjo Patterson. It was made into a highly acclaimed mini series. In the linked video, the poem is read by Frankie J Holden (a rock singer / actor who took his surname from an Australian built car) and set to excerpts from the film. I get goosebumps every time I see this. It’s visually a poor quality video but TH-cam keeps taking it down so this is the best I could find. th-cam.com/video/hlKptiofy9w/w-d-xo.html
The Man from Snowy River was also made into a movie. I thought it was a great movie with a great soundtrack. Based on an excellent Australian poem. I have the Complete Works of Banjo Patterson too.
@@Cindy-xg6yn yes and the original movie had a sequel, “The Man From Snowy River II”. In the USA, the sequel was known as “Return to Snowy River” and the UK as “The Untamed”.
The reason gold was so sought after and valued is because its one of the few things that don't rust or tarnish. It's very hard to have gold rust, would have to take many many years of oxygenation.
In 1942 Japanese mini-subs torpedoed shipping in Sydney harbour. Some buildings in harbourside suburbs were also damaged.
They also shelled parts of Newcastle
You can see them in the Australian War Memorial in Canberra (they actually used a couple of the damaged subs to make one complete one).
They got down into Bass straight between the mainland and Tassie. I have some Japanese invasion money from WW2
There are some 30 shipwrecks located along the Australian southeastern continent. A number of vessels carrying iron ore from South Australian mines to Port Kembla were sunk.
@@narellesmith7932 The Japanese never actually planned on invading. The invasion money was just to scare people.
As an Australian Historian this video is only about 25% on point. There is about 70% missing and 5% of what he did say is incorrect, but it's a start! CHOOKAS! 💚
Don't feel bad mate, a lot of Australians don't know Australian history...especially younger generations. In saying that, I recently watched a reaction on youtube about how little young Americans know about American history. It's a real shame because it's so important to know .
Anyway...great job as usual
Japan attacked the Australian mainland and territorial waters on a number of occasions . The most notable being the following.
On 19th Feb 1942 the first air raid on Darwin involved 242 Japanese aircraft and killed 235 people, and sunk 11 ships and aircraft. A follow up raid killed 70 people and destroyed 24 aircraft. In total there were approximately 111 air raids on the northern part of Australia.
On 31st May 1942 the Japanese sent three midget submarines into Sydney Harbour with two of them destroyed before they could fire their torpedoes. Their task was to sink the heavy cruiser USS Chicago, but instead sank the converted ferry HMAS Kuttabul, killing 21 sailors. One of the mother submarines sitting off the coast shelled Sydney during the raid. This shore bombardment was to cause confusion during the raid. Prior to the raid an aircraft was launched from a Japanese submarine do fly up the harbour to do a bit of reconnaissance.
On 8th June 1942 The Shelling of Newcastle was conducted by the Japanese submarine I-21 in the early hours of 8 June 1942. The bombardment followed the Attack on Sydney Harbour on 31 May, and was conducted shortly after I-24 shelled the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney.
On 14th May 1943 the well lit Australian Hospital Ship Centaur was attacked and sunk by a Japanese submarine off the coast of Queensland, Australia, on 14th May 1943. Of the 332 medical personnel and civilian crew aboard, 268 died, including 63 of the 65 army personnel.
Hold, wait, wait please ...
Submarine do not do land bombardments, fact number 1.
Submarine did not have any aircraft to fly off for reconnaissance.
There wasn't and isn't any thing like mother submarine.
@@ahmedshinwari Bombardment: Reference to bombardment on the Australian War Memorial site here ajrp.awm.gov.au/ajrp/ajrp2.nsf/437f72f8ac2c07238525661a00063aa6/225b90b97196e29bca256a1d00130203?OpenDocument.
There are many more references available for the submarines bombardment of the land.
Aircraft: These Japanese submarines had an aircraft onboard specifically for reconnaissance. Reference here www.ozatwar.com/japrecce/recce21.htm
There are many more references available regarding the aircraft Yokosuka E14Y1, Navy Type 0 "Glen" carried onboard the submarine.
Mother Submarine: Here's a reference to mother submarine here www.navy.gov.au/history/feature-histories/japanese-midget-submarine-attack-sydney-harbour
and another reference here by a Japanese pilot referring to mother submarine www.ozatwar.com/japrecce/recce08.htm
Immediately after the Pearl Harbour attack, the same Japanese fleet sailed to Darwin to mount an even bigger attack.
@@ahmedshinwari Ahmed: I'm not sure what point you are trying to make. The simple fact is that the IJN had large mother-subs that carried the 'Midget Subs' 'pick-a-back' (piggy back) on their decks. The midgets were then released off shore whilst the 'mothers' waited out to sea. The fourth of the 'Mother-subs' carried a float-plane that flew the reconnaissance mission. The float plane then returned to the mother sub where it was retrieved and placed back on board it's mother sub. When the attack failed; the 'Mother-subs', remaining at their pre-ordained rendevous locations waited in vain. They then launched the surface attacks on Newcastle and Sydney. The subs did indeed have deck-mounted artillery and caused some damage, some panic but no deaths. You need to go and check some sources for the actual history. the-wanderling.com/mother_ship.html
@@ahmedshinwari You need to do some reading of history old mate.They did indeed fire on Australian soil from the the deck gun of a submarine.Learn history before commenting.
Australian Bushrangers. Now there is a rabbit hole that you can spend days in with people such as Ned kelly, Ben Hall, Frank Gardiner, Bluecap, Captain Thunderbolt, Jack Donahue, Dan Morgan, the Clarke brothers, Captain Moonlite and the Governor brothers just to name a few. Side note the world's first feature-length narrative film was Australian and the subject? yep the Ned Kelly Gang.
When convicts were sent to Australia, their punishment was done in two parts. The first part would be serving time for their crime back in the UK, the second part was that once they had served their time they must remain in Australia equal to the years for their crime. For example, if you stole a loaf a bread and was given 8 years punishment, then you would have to spend up to another 8 years in Australia before being allowed back to the UK. These were the free convicts. Keep in mind that convicts sent to Australia were not murderers and rapists, they were generally put to death back in the UK. Convicts were generally just common thieves. Some convicts were sent simply because they had a special skill. When you think about it, there is no money to be made if you send murderers, but there is money to be made if the convict can fix ships, build houses, etc. It costs alot of money to setup a new world.
Nah, there were pretty good number of murderers and rapists too... Had there been just innocent convicts then there would not have been brutality against the native people!
@@ahmedshinwari Sorry but you're wrong there. Murderers and rapists were hang by the neck when found guilty, that was the law. You'll find that what ever brutality was committed, it was was done by FREE men or FREE settlers. Don't believe everything you read on the Net, go to a real Library and read the real history written by the people who lived in that time. You'll have to dig deep, it's very hard to find.
The dollop podcast did one on this and 5he convicts kept building pubs and brothels and would refuse to build churches 🤣 straya
I had never heard that and I have been a student of NSW colonial history for a long time. My understanding that once you had served your time you were absolutely free. I would be very interested to locate the source of that information please.
@@jenniferbell6832 I remember reading this in a book in high school back in the 70's. Now that I think about it, I may have got my numbers wrong in my post. If a Convict was given 8 years but was a good boy for 4 of those years, he might be given what we call parole for the remaining 4 years. He was a free man here in Australia but he could not return to the UK. Once his full 8 years were up he could return to the UK. The crazy thing is, as I type this, I still remember reading that additional time somewhere. It may have something to do with Port Artur or one of the other hard prison colonies. History can be a very fickle thing.
I am really glad we are not called 'New Holland". Australia is much more meaningful.
Ned Kelly is definitely worth looking up.
Australia literally means “southern.” Not sure how that’s particularly meaningful
The name of my country is meaningful simply cos it is always what I have known it as my whole life and therefore is part of my culture. Greetings from New Zealand.
@@chchwoman9960 so then if it had been called Hingybonglepongensteintopia, that would be meaningful, which kind of eliminates OP’s relief that New Holland didn’t stick.
@jo PlayingTheSim Now you are hurting my Dutch heart.. 🤣
@@Hensepens64 Sorry mate 😂
Sailors did not know where they were on the ocean in the 1600s. They knew what their latitude was most of the time but had no way of knowing what their longitude was. Captain Cook in 1770 did know.
Ummm....the Dutch and Portuguese.
@@timp1390 The Dutch and Portuguese didn’t know the longitude. Captain Cook was the first to sail with a chronometer (and a team of astronomers) so had a very precise idea of his longitude.
@@allangibson2408 John Harrison, a working class clock maker form Yorkshire, solved the problem of longitude by inventing a timepiece that could tell the right time at sea. His chronometer, H4, built in 1759 after years of experimentation, was the first marine timekeeper accurate enough to be used with confidence. When Cook set sail in 1768 on his first voyage of discovery aboard Endeavour he held the rank of lieutenant. Soon after his return to England in 1771 he was promoted to the rank of commander. He never actually held the rank of captain, but in 1775 was promoted to the higher rank of post-captain. Pedantic, I know, but was Cook the first to use Harrison's Chronometer?
Actually in the early 1400s the Chinese explored much of the world, including Australia, the Arctic, the Antarctic, the coast of the Americas (N & S), and the coast of Africa. Not much is known about this because (1) we tend to be Eurocentric in our view of history and (2) the Chinese for their own reasons stopped exploring and destroyed many records of their discoveries. The evidence is based on few remaining records and relics left behind by the explorers. This was before the Portuguese & Dutch. There's also evidence that the Vikings reached North America well beforehand.
I have seen a really interesting show on the long term trade between indigenous Australians and Asian people (Indonesian, Malay, Chinese) going back very far. There are native peoples in Arnhem Land where using two sticks (chopsticks) to eat is a normal part of their culture now. There has been ongoing cultural exchanges between Australia and Asia for centuries
One has to remember that many of those convicts weren't really what we would think of criminals nowadays eg children who were sent to Australia as convicts for stealing a loaf of bread to eat, people who were willing to do what they needed to do to survive. Rabbit Proof Fence is a great movie which shows Aussie history with the aboriginals even today aboriginals are affected eg high drinking rates etc because I think their culture was so badly affected. Something you may not know is that a lot of land has been given back to the aboriginals and there are areas where white people aren't allowed to go without consent of their elders to stay in.
The segments of an orange thing for the Sydney Opera House is a myth. Jōrn Utzon the architect said in an interview he was inspired by the sails of boats on Sydney Harbour.
I saw an interview with Utzon I the very very early days ( 1960's) of the design & build and he DID speak of the concept of the orange segments to actually get the sail shape of the sails of the boats and ships that he could see from his home. Not from the sails on Sydney Harbour but it was all transferable to Sydney anyway
@@eraseandrewind thanks
The worst event for Australia of Second World War is largely unknown by the Australian public to this day.
In Northern Borneo, over 2300 Australian and British soldiers were captured and imprisoned by the Japanese and treated with great brutality. Most died in that first camp. The remaining 600 were marched across the mountainous and treacherous terrain to a second POW camp built in the heart of the jungle. Australian special forces were sent to gather intelligence on Japanese troops movements, watched from this event unfold from their jungle hideout, but were told to not interfer, because it would alert the Japanese. By the end of the war only 6, yes SIX were still alive. All 6 were Australian and had escaped the camp at different times. They were given safe haven by local villagers. Of the 2300, every single soldier, except those 6 died or were killed.
See 'The Sandakan Death March' if you want more information.
And one of those six was Russell Morris' father Norman. Russell wrote a song, Sandakan, that was released in 2014 on his Van Dieman's Land album.
I'm a teacher - I make sure to discuss Sandakan whenever I have a year 10 Humanities class. I also make sure I point out that the USSR won the space race by almost every metric though, so I'm probably not typical in terms of curriculum content :)
If you were captured by the Japanese you knew what to expect so it was better to die in combat than it was to be a POW. I remember reading a lot when I was 8 years old that the Japanese beheaded a lot of POWs and placed their heads on poles as a warning to others, very horrific. The Papua New Guineans played a crucial role against the Japanese on the Kakoda Trail. They would dig holes and place sharpened sticks in the pits and camoflage them so that the Japanese walking along would fall into these traps and of course died painfully. To some people these days the term "fuzzy wuzzy" might be seen as racism but was really an affectionate name given to the Papua New Guineans for their part in helping us defeat the Japanese in the region during the Second World War. In combat weapons aren't everything you can make a weapon out of just about anything crude weaponary but still as effective.
@@paulyreyes I remember being told year's ago about the fuzzy Wuzzy angel's, now I know what they were referring to, thanks.
Sydney was also attacked by Japanese miniature submarines that came into Sydney Harbour and sank a Ferry being used as Military barracks. The remains of one is in the Australian War Memorial. Shipping was also attacked off the east coast of Australia. I live in what was one of the little gold mining towns in NSW it is now famous for its Apples, because one of the gold miners noted the areas similarities to apple growing regions where he came from, and made more money from growing food than mining.
New South Wales is still a state within Australia and is the most populated state in the country. the city of Sydney is located in New South Wales......also remember..... before the British..... New York use to be called New Amsterdam.
The sails of the Opera House do form a sphere. You need to seperate each sail/arch into 2 halves aling the peak and then lay the pieces together.
The Rabbit Proof Fence is AMAZING! As an American expat I found it fascinating
Our $20 bank note has Mary Reiby on it. I can't remember her whole story, but here goes from what I remember. In England, she dressed up in boy's clothing, and stole a horse and tried to sell it. She was about 13 I think. She was caught and convicted and sent to the colonies to serve her time. When she was free she somehow got involved with a rich landowner and married him. She got into business and founded the Bank of New South Wales, now called Westpac Bank. She and her husband (can't remember if this was the same husband or her first husband died and she remarried), but he also was wealthy and they lived in Tasmania for a while on a lovely estate. The house is still there and open to the public. Its lovely. (Entally House). She was quite a girl and way ahead of her time.
Highly recommend a dvd called ‘Longitude’ starring Jeremy Irons. It may sound dull but its riveting. It’s the story of John Harrison and the way he worked out how to accurately work out longitude. There was a competition with a phenomenal (for the time) prize of money. Harrison , who was a carpenter by trade and had never been to sea, designed and built four clocks over about a 20 year period (known as the Harrison Clocks on display at the maritime museum at Greenwich). Captain Cook wrote to Harrison to thank him and tell he refused to go to sea without a Harrison clock on board. The clocks were restored to working order just after WW2. They are accurate to with in about 5 seconds per month, not bad for a 200 year old clock built by a self taught watchmaker who was a carpenter.
Harrison also built a clock totally made of wood. By using a mixture of different types the clock was self oiling and remains in working condition today.
Sydney Opera House sails - think Basket ball - cut along the black lines segmenting a basket ball they would curl up to look like the opera house! 😎 CHOOKAS! 💚
The animated video left out Australia was founded as a penal colony because after the American War of Independence, America refused to accept any more English convicts. I’ve had some Americans say Australians are all criminals (lol) because of our convict past, but they don’t know that America was for some time also a British penal colony. Also, around the time of Australia’s Bicentenary in 1988, it kind of became cool to have a convict in your family tree. Sadly we only had Free Settlers in ours (although if the original Free Settler in our family hadn’t left England when he did, he might well have ended up a convict!)
My great great grandfather was sent to Australia on the charge of stealing lodgings. Him and his brother got on the drink, spent the night at an inn. Ran up a tab they couldn’t pay for. For this they were sent to Aus. Ironically years later after his realise he got drunk and fell off the back of a wagon and died. Alcohol was definitely his down fall 🍺
You should look into an animated history of pre Roman times to get an understanding as to why Gold was so much sought after. It is so much more precious nowadays that old workings with very low remnant concentrations of the metal are being reworked. Many of the local gold miners travelled here from the US and Alaskan diggings so you might learn something about that.
The Eureka Stockade was was a great piece of our history with the open revolt against an unfair establishment but our first rebellion, the Rum rebellion of some 30 years earlier, was the first to take on an authoritarian system.
I'll second what was said about the film, Rabbit Proof Fence. It should be very high on the list of Australian movies that should be watched by anyone that wants to learn more about Australia and it's history.
Only thing people will get from watching the rabbit proof fence is a good fairy story distorting the truth of the so called (stolen generation)
We call them bushrangers not outlaws
Also, America came to the defense of Australia in the second world war at the Battle of the Coral Sea. This may explain why we treat the US as big brother in the hope that they will do it again if needed.
America became an ally after the bombing of Pearl Harbour and fought alongside the British and Australians against the Japanese in the Pacific as well as on European soil. As part of becoming allies, each ally came to the aid of the other.
Many of the convicts where committed for small petty crimes , like stealing a loaf of bread or causing a public disturbance
Hi mate ..about 1 hour drive from Melbourne at Ballarat gold mine (sovereign Hill) you can see gold bars being poured ...its like an old colonial town ..
The natives of Australia as we know them today have migrated from the North many of thousands of years ago when there were land bridges. There was a discovery in a cave in Russia of hand bones that had been preserved in ice for thousands of years belong to an extinct people called the Denisovans. The closest relative on the earth today of these people is the Australian aboriginal.
There was never a land bridge to Australia.
@@allangibson2408 australia wasn't always its own singular piece of land, dude.
@@lifelongbachelor3651 The last time Australia had a land bridge to anywhere was Antartica. There has always been a (quite deep) strait between the Australian continent and Asia - the Lombok Strait.
It’s cool that u are finding out a lot of things about my country. Your curious nature is a credit to you mate. Keep going!
The explorers named the new land with something familiar. New South Wales was named by James Cook because it reminded him of South Wales. Gold was valuable as it was an 'international currency' and could be bought and sold anywhere in the world. The Chinese came because they wanted to accumulate wealth by mining for gold but they really made their money by growing food to sell to the miners. We have a multi-cultural population and everyone mixes together without difficulty. You should visit the land 'downunder' and take a look for yourself.
The Japanese also got into the Sydney harbour area too in a minisub and I think they bombed Sydney at least once. My Mum was in the Navy in Sydney during the war (and after) and she remembers that event very well.
Gold is extremely productive. I got a $4000 Dollar metal detector at the start of covid I’ve already found $8000 in gold. Still tones of it left can’t even imagine what it was like when the gold rush was happening.
I’m from Victoria btw
You underestimate just how skilled those early explorers were. The mathematics of navigation are much more complex thsn you might think, because in order to navigate, you need to factor in time as well angles of the sun and/or stars. They had mechanical clocks that need to keep precise time over many months of travel.
By the way Ned Kelly was a cold-blooded murderer, not a hero.
To most Aussies, Ned Kelly (Irish) is a hero standing up to these English elite.
Australia had quite a few bushrangers, Ned Kelly being one of the more well known.
One of many things missed in this ,is the fact that the indigenous people of Australia are the oldest continuing race on the planet, est to 65,OO0 years, from available artefacts, As with most colonising practice their traditions and lives were low on the list of things that could were valuable, they were treated appallingly .It is the earnest wish of the vast majority of Australians that reconciliation will give better outcomes , support and secure their unique culture .
They’re the second oldest. The oldest at 140,000 - 100,000 and still around today are the San people of the continental of Africa… inhabiting lands such as Botswana, Namibia, Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, and South Africa. In fact, the San are the direct descendants of one of the original ancestral human groups (haplogroup), making the San the oldest civilization in the world.
In the past, the San were semi-nomadic hunter-gatherers, but today many San work as farm laborers, run nature conservancies, and other various small jobs as hunting and gathering alone is no longer sustainable.
Recent archaeological finds have uncovered the oldest known ritual ceremonies, which have been been attributed to the San.
Gold is valuable because it's rare, the same as gem stones. But gold is also inert. It doesn't tarnish or degrade over time. It's also a great electrical conductor and has many other amazing properties and uses.
Sensational mate . Congrats to you and all involved with that outstanding presentation .
For the Opera House design cut up an orange, that’s what the architect did. Also check out the mini sub attacks in Sydney harbour in WWII.
Australian's were the first to defeat the Japanese on land in WW2 at the battle of Milne Bay.
If you come to Australia, in Melbourne you can go for a tour of the old Melbourne jail, which is where Ned Kelly was hanged. The old gallows etc are on display. Quite an eerie experience.
Went there once around 1970 as a 10 year old with school....
Scared the crap outta me.....
I swear there are ghosts there
@@Wandafulofit Once only adventure I think.
Did you know I’m related to Mary Reibey and a guy who owned Bondi beach but the he sold it and now it’s public and sadly my family doesn’t own some of it
Btw, the indigenous Australians came to our country during on of the ice ages, where Indonesia, new zealand, Australia, Philippines Malaysia and china were all connected via ice sheets, but those sheets melted, separating us
The Sydney Opera House sphere explanation thing…I’m gunna give it a shot.
The first sketches the architect drew had the form of his idea pretty much complete but they were whimsical and vague. They were enough to win him the design competition but the question became how to achieve the design cost effectively. The architect discovered that he could make all of the surfaces from a single theoretical sphere whilst still maintaining his design aesthetic. In practice this means that the building process can be streamlined.
Think for example the tiles that adorn the surface. All of those tiles are of a consistent curvature…the tiles used on the smaller shells can fit perfectly on the larger shells too. This theory is embedded deeper in the design as well considering things like the concrete ribs that form the bones of the building that could all be formed from a single mould/extrusion process regardless of which shell the rib was destined for. Everything is the same curvature. Search for photos of the half completed Opera House and you’ll find a construction site as beautiful as the finished building.
An easy way to visualize the "perfect sphere" is get an orange, take off the peel. The inside is made up of segments. Pull them apart, and you'll see the "sails of the opera house"
Mate, you're not ignorant, you're willing to learn and are open to different points of view, but we Aussies like humility and tend to be self-deprecating as well, so we identify with you on that one. 😉 Yes, Australia has a bit of a sordid past when it comes to our indigenous people, something we are trying to rectify and still have a lot of work to do. Just go back to some of the old videos from the 50s and 60s you can find on TH-cam, some of the comments on immigration are eye opening to say the least. But, on a more positive note, we have become a far more accepting society and along with our unique flora and fauna we are a proud nation that wants to show off what our great country has to offer. Of course I am generalising, we still do have our idiots that spoil it from time to time, but then what counties don't have people like this?
Mick Jagger played the character of our infomas Ned Kelly. In a movie.
When l was like 4 years in 1967 old we use to go to Wilson's promatory in down bottom of Victoria at the beach l was jumping on a big chunk of steel stuck in the sand my dad said it was a old Japanese submarine..
In terms of realising where they were in the ocean, latitude was easy angle from sun etc. longitude was the difficult one and it was tied up with being able to keep accurate time at sea. There is a wonderful book written about it.
"Convicts" - sentenced to "Transportation" for such heinous crimes as "stealing a loaf of bread to feed your starving kids" or "possessing an Irish accent whilst in England"
The White Australia policy wasn't abolished until 1966. My mum is Sri Lankan and came over in 1962 and had to prove (on paper) she was white by tracing back the European side of her family all the way to England (she was a Sri Lankan/Dutch Mix).
The early 70s not 60s
@@disgruntledunicorn007 they announced it was being abolished in 66 but yes took until mid 70s to fully implement as the transition took time. It didn't happen overnight.
Some simple pointers about "Gold"... first there was the California rush (aka '49), then came an alluvial rush in Bathurst (New South Wales), before the alluvial mother load in Central Victoria (Bendigo, Ballarat and surrounds).... that was followed by underground and Company owned mines... most of which are still ticking over. Then of course there's Klondyke, Kalgoorlie and Karoo. (Canada, Western Australia and South Africa)...
Northern Australia was bombed/attacked multiple times.... so was Hawaii and mainland America, but there's a difference between 6 aircraft and 60... and between an opportunistic strafing run and a targeted Bombing attack.
Ned Kelly was actually Irish
Saw the 7 minute timestamp on that video and couldn't help thinking "I wonder how many important things are they going to cut out" .... Turns out most of it
After returning from WW1 as a decorated soldier, my Grandad became a postmaster general in the country areas of NSW. after a number of years he and his family (including my mum who was just a young girl at the time) were reposted to Darwin a just week before the Japanese attack. At the last minute my grandad turned it down and decided to stay in NSW. Thankfully so, as the entire post office was destroyed by the Japanese attack on Darwin killing everyone inside the postoffice (postmaster Generals families lived in a small apartment on top of the post offices back then) That one simple decision is why I'm here.
Dear Ryan, Re: the sails of the Sydney Opera House making up a sphere. Think of a peeled orange, segmented then cut them on a transverse plane, and then stick all those bits and pieces in strategically arrived at places on a horizontal surface - and on each other - and voila!… a ridiculous looking building with amazing acoustics inside. I hope that helps 😁😉❤️
back in 1973 you could get a toy opera house that you could pull apart and make into a boll, I had one, lost it some time over the last 59 years.
I love your enthusiasm for Australia and its history.
You are always welcome here.
It's fair to say, that most countries are ignorant to other countries history. Except for the more basic, famous things, that we were all taught at school.
The major move forward for Australia, which is where Ned Kelly, Peter Lalor of the Eureaks Stockaid and the Durack's Kings in Grass Castles come into the picture, was the horrendous way the British treated the Irish settlers, and how they fought back. Worth researching Ryan.
The most well known battles we had with the Japanese during the war were on the Kokoda track in Papua New Guinea. We were outnumbered nearly 3-1 but still managed to push them back.
Rabbit-Proof Fence is definitely worth seeing. I think it was on Netflix.
Got to remember convicts were often jailed due to the poverty in the UK - 'Bread Thieves'. So they weren't exactly violent criminals.
Ryan, you may be interested in tracking down a 1970s (or early 80s) biopic of Ned Kelly with Mick Jagger of the Rolling Stones in the lead role.
Actually, it was released in 1970, which makes me feel older than I realised. Clips are on TH-cam.
I remember seeing this at the drive in in ‘71.
My grandfather was in the RAAF in Darwin when we were bombed by the Japanese but he never spoke of it. My son has his war medals, very precious to,him.
Clouds appear above land and many people used a simple sonar by feeling the waves
The story about the opera house is that the architect got the idea from peeling a mandarin orange. Its about the halves of each shell separately, not just joining each shell itself.
Gold has been used as tangible currency for Millenia. It’s only relatively recently that currency (coins and notes) has been used to represent gold. The British “pound note” was originally a handwritten paper stating that the holder owns a corresponding pound of gold, held in the issuing bank
Ned Kelly made his last stand in Glenrowan. the police took out his gang there and captured Ned, Ned was hung at the Old melbourne gaol while his mum was working in the laundry ( she was also in gaol).
You've heard it before but the architect of the Opera House got the idea from eating segments of an orange 🍊. Hence the perfect sphere
I dont believe any Ausssie kid has ever been taught in school that if you put all the segments of the Sydney Opera House together it forms a sphere! I'm Aussie and I learned it 9n your channel 🤣🤣
I love ANZAC biscuits
My first ancestors here were convicts. William, who was sentenced to 32 years for a few things, he arrived in 1814.( These two were on my father's side) His wife was a convict who arrived here a couple of years later. They met in Parramatta prison and married while in gaol. When they earned their freedom, they went on to have 16 children! Through circumstances, the surname changed over the years ; so there are lots of families out there who we'll probably never know🤔🙄😔 but I'm proud to know about them, their names, the prison ships they arrived on etc😊 we have a very rich history here in Australia 🇦🇺 I often feel sad for those who were sent to the other side of the world, never to se there families again and to lose all their culture, ancestors and story's. Anyway, I'm so proud that I'm an eighth generation Aussie 🇦🇺👣🌏🪐🍀🌕🙏🦋🌸🌺🦉🏡🌴🌹🌹🌹 and no, it's not to say that I'm proud of how they treated the amazing 60,000 year old culture who dwelt here. It's shameful😔😔😔😥😥😥😥
Gold is the only metal that will not tarnish, oxidize or rust. You can get gold leaf, extremely thin in sheet form (about 0.1 micrometre, or 4 millionths of an inch, thick) because of the usefulness of thin gold in electronics and the space program the value jumped by 400%
We have the same headphones as you
I think it would have been nice to hear a bit more about the stolen generations. It was a very important and terrible part of Australian history
Yes it would be good to hear more about the stolen generations ?? May be the full truth for a change , mention of the"" white children " also removed from their parents .
The truth that the children were removed from drunken and extream poverty situations in a miss guided way to give them an education and a better chance of a better life
@@lloydwegener3956 I didn’t know that about the white kids. See even now as someone who has a whole term of school on the stolen generations didn’t know that
@@calibie6370 why would they teach something that might interfere with the notion that only aboriginal children were taken . This would destroy the poor me aboriginal crap that the left wing media pushes every day at every opportunity. If someone offers a different version of the (stolen generation.) I.e the truth ,they are hounded mercilessly . How dare anyone has different views than them . please let the truth be known
They
P.S TAKING of white children is still happening, I have personal experience.
Some 7 years ago my daughter had my 2 grand children taken from her and put In foster care because she was on drugs and not looking after them properly so it can still happen.
@@lloydwegener3956 I don’t think has anything to do with racism. It has to do with the fact that the childrens mother was under the influence of drugs and shouldn’t be taking care of children if any age
Ryan Gold Has Many Benefits over other metals , Low to no Toxicity , Extremely Good Conductor , Easy to work with , and much more .
The state capital of Victoria called Melbourne was actually founded by two guys from Tasmania, Batman and Falkner.
Sydney was Australias first city, Hobart was second and Launceston was third.
The Japanese that bombed Australia were from the same battle fleet that bombed Pearl Harbour.
@Ryan Was I feel the need to help you understand the sphere.... if you peel an orange and pull all the segments apart then cut them half and thirds etc then stand them up on the flat edge you have just cut it looks the the sydney opera house....but if you were to put all the segments back together you have a round orange again... hope this helps you understand how it becomes a sphere.
I was looking into aust gold rushes which led to gold rushes globally. In almost every occassion it was more about population expansion for econonmic gain for the merchants and bankers.
Hey !! Love your channel Ryan!
A japanese sub made it into Sydney Harbour and destroyed a boat.
Australian navy also had a run in with a German ship in West Aust waters... HMAS Sydney sunk with no survivers (except one who was found dead in a life raft washed up on an island to the nrth), there were 645 crew on board.
I hope you understand how it works by now but if you don't, here is why the opera house is pointed.
Step 1 - Draw a circle.
Step 2 - Draw lines to cut the circle into eighths.
Step 3 - Look where the lines intersect in the middle... oh wow... each eighth form a point... now that circle you drew? Represents half a sphere... so imagine bending it upwards and you can see how it forms half a sphere... you just gotta do that twice to form a full sphere now don't you?
Search for "Geometry of the Sydney Opera House" by John Cook. There is mention of spherical sections there.
My understanding is that Cook said it reminded him of the south of Wales hence New South of Wales (New South Wales - NSW).
Digeredoo is a brass instrument made of wood like the Saxophone is a woodwind instrument made of brass
@Ryan Was if u separate all the segments where they join (the sharp peak), then you can make a sphere.
The discovery of gold in Victoria in 1851 led to the Victorian gold rush, and the city grew rapidly. By 1865, it had overtaken Sydney as Australia's most populous city. This economic boom peaked during the 1880s and Melbourne had become the richest city in the world.
Ryan, It might be worth checking out a couple of Australian movies like "We of the Never Never", "The Man from Snowy River" and "Pharlap".
The Japanese bombed mainly Darwin in the Northern Territory and Townsville in North Queensland, their was a big Australian and US air bases in and around Townsville, Townsville was also were many of our soldiers left to go to the Vietnam war.
Interestingly the first *allied* shots of World War 1 and 2 were fired by gun emplacements in Victoria, one from Fort Nepean and one from the channel fort in Port Phillip Bay.
Fact: after a large storm up north they close the beaches as they still find live Japanese bombs washed up.
Hi Ryan. Newcastle is mentioned in the video you reacted to. You also were surprised by the Japanese attacks on Northern Australia.The Japanese also came over to the east coast and shelled Newcastle from submarines. There is a fascinating documentary about this and why Newcastle was such an important target.If you get time it might be very informative to you. Keep up the good work. th-cam.com/video/wOcpAMgPh1I/w-d-xo.html
Indeed, there's a whole heap of ships that the Japanese sank off the east coast too.
there are lots of reasons gold is valuable. It doesn't rust or decay. Its easy to work. Its shiny. It is an excellent conductor. It is great for radiation shielding. Its not toxic or radioactive.