It's been awesome to see such an in-depth look at my favourite purple pigment. Your resulting pigment is one of the brightest and most saturated I have seen - loved seeing it turned into paint.
This is one of the best chemistry videos I've seen on youtube. The procedure is interesting, your lab practices are on point, the explanations are good, your equipment is very nice and the video production is AMAZING. Subscribed!
how man-made things get their colors has always fascinated me (as in how pigments are made), this definitely helped me understand what goes on under the hood! thanks for the explanation!
thank you so much for your attention detail and thorough explanations in this video! It's challenging to find material that is at this level of understanding so I cannot thank you enough!!
this pigment turned out absolutely gorgeous! another thing worth noting is the fact that because it's mineral-based, it's extremely lightfast so it has an archival quality that can allow it to be preserved for years, even decades! good news for any artist that is looking to use it in their worl
I'm wondering if the released gas could help to find out what might be happening. Manganese dioxide tends to release oxygen in some reactions and the manganese is reduced. Maybe the solution contains nitrate, which would be a sign for the ammonium ion acting as a reducing agent. Nice synthesis!
Sure it may be reacting producing nitrates, nitrites, nitrogen gas and of course water. I really could not find anything about that. On the other hand the synthesis is pretty straight forward so... Thanks for watching!!
Great video! Of interest, manganese violet is one of the best violets with which to paint skies. It is indeed a very smooth, uniform pigment to mull into almost any artist paint binder.
I'd love to see syntheses of manganese blue, Naples yellow (lead antimony oxide), lead tin antimony yellow, and lead tin yellow types 1 and 2. Unfortunately the experiments would be dangerous due to the toxicity of lead and antimony, and you would need a pottery kiln or some other type of furnace to get the reactions to occur.
Concerning the gas evolving during the reaction, that could actually be oxygen arising from the reduction of Mn(IV) to Mn(III). The reduction of metal ions in high oxidation states in acidic media with the release of O2 is quite common
The simpliest scheme for the process should look smth like this, neglecting the interaction of Mn3+ with phosphate ions: 4MnO2 + 12H+ = 4Mn3+ + O2 + 6H2O
Thank you!!! Every video is lots of fun for me at first so if then you people enjoy it too I am more than satisfied! Thanks for watching me, it means a lot!
GREAT VIDEO!😁 for the most parts, really easy to undertand explanations! Very informative and im happy that i now know how one of my favorite pigments from watercolors is made!😁
As for the gas evolution: It most likely is a mixture of gasses. Most likely oxygen, ammonia and water. The oxygen coming from the manganese salt, ammonia from the decomposition of ammoniumdiphosphate and water from the phosphoric acid as it becomes more concentrated and forms polyphosphate species
Regarding the chemistry underlying, the overall equation is highly likely to look like this: 4MnO2 + 4NH4H2PO4 + 4H3PO4 = 4MnNH4P2O7 + O2 + 10H2O Btw it is rather interesting that unstable Mn3+ can be actually stabilized by pyrophosphate ligands
Indeed. Imagine my face coming to see the reaction after it finished... From ugly brown powder to violet pigment, real alchemy hehe Thanks for watching and commenting!
Could you use erbium oxide to make green? or would it be more in the UV? and/or be florescent/phosphorescent? or just not fit that crystal matrix? also the 'tunnels' remind me of diamond from that angle (shine on👍) , what kind of ion exchange were you thinking of? keneticaly, what would cause displacement? ..& did you minor in geology/crystalography or something?
Did you film the tapes under cool temperature lights? My manganese violet paint is closer to magenta rather than ultramarine violet under 5500k lights.
Hi! This question is almost imposible to answer as many factors takes place: the light source I use in my lab, the camera settings, my monitor color display at the time of editing, your monitor color display at the time of watching... I am sure in real life it would be the same though!
When I boil it, it gets dirty pink. If I further add hot water on the filter, the “potter’s pink” kind of color turns brown, I am afraid it’s disintegrating back to the MnO2. Any idea why it might be happening?
Weird! It might be something in the water you added/the reaction mixture that makes the manganese to oxidise back to manganese dioxide... I would need to see what you are doing, all I can say is that it worked for me. Maybe your reagents and glassware are not apropriate enough. Maybe it is oxygen in the air. I performed a try before this video was filmed and doing all in the same day helped. For this video you can see some more pink particles in the filtration step, which in the other procedure I performed, theyy were nonexistent plus the final powder was way more powdered. I can guess with time and oxygen particles agregate and some of them react back to the dioxide. Nonetheless, the pigment is quite stable once dried and in neutral pH conditions...
@@Glattuh thank you for your answer! Nah, the water is perfect (milliQ), as well as the glass. It is likely that the reaction did not go through completely during that time, as my temperature control was poor. Or maybe there were some leftovers from the way I prepared the ingredients (though unlikely): I made MnO2 from MnSO4 and KMnO4, and MAP from treating the dry NH4HCO3 with 85% phosphoric acid (all the chemicals are research grade). Or maybe excess H3PO4 messed it up?
Then I think it is what you said, temp control and reaction yield. I dont think excess phosphoric acid does bad, in fact, i think the opposite. It pushes the reaction towrds formation of products. Not an enough strong acid to mess the pigment. If your reagents you prepared are well purified and so, I really think it was the reaction conditions themselves ;)
@@Glattuh Hmm, after 2h of it being visibly purple it still gets pink and brown in hot water. I kept it there for one more hour... If I put some of it in cold water, it seems to be dissolving completely into a pink solution (Mn2+?)
I think I did it off camera as sometimes I feel showing the calculations may distract some people. From a quick 3 minutes spend rewatching my own video and doing a very fast calculation, I based my yield on the MnO2 and I get the same 62% as in the video. If you want to know how to do it please feel free to ask!
I looked through some of my pigments and found a "Lavender blue" thats sold by earthpigments.com. They describe the pigment as Si4O10(OH)2Mg3-Co3Ca-Al, French Minerals are 10% manufactured mineral pigments fixed to a natural Calcium Carbonate base. I can't help but wonder if they made a mistake in the formula. Shouldn't it be Mn not Mg?
Wow, the youtube recommendations brought me to your channel - your content is really nice! I never heard from this pigment before, but I really need to synthesize that! It really kinda looks like Cobalt phosphate. I think the strangest, that I ever got from Mn was a red-orange color from a Mn-Mo polyoxometallate, thats really unusual and looks like it would be Cr(VI). Actualy that was the first video, that I ever filmed ;)
Would changing the temperature have an effect on the total yield of Magness violet created? I came across your video after searching for a lab experiment to do, are all materials safe to use in a high school lab? Great video by the way!! I love the organization and the information was fascinating!!
Hi and thanks!! Well I wished I do this things in my highschool haha. It is a pretty straght forward experiment but concentrated phosphoric acid is used, also high heat, so I do not know if it is safe to perform at highschool. For me it would be a yes, if all the precautions are taken of course :D. There are more experiments of making pigments that do not require heat at all, maybe search for those better :D
@@Glattuh great!! I hope to make this pigment for my chemistry project! Would you by any chance know any other pigments that can be synthesized relatively easily?
Yes! A very cheap and easy pigment that is also very visual for students is the copper (II) carbonate:hydroxide system. It is performed jsut by mixing a Cu(II) salt solution (mostly copper sulfate pentahydrate) with a carbonate salt. At first some blue pigment is formed (Azurite) but giving it time, the pigment will transform into Malachite, changing the colour to blue. I do not know very much as I should do further research, but it is known that Azurite is not stable in air and gradually evolves into Malachite within time. Maybe you can do it in class! No heat needed at all :D
@@Glattuh oh that sounds like a great idea!! What would an independent variable for this kind of experiment that could potentially affect vibrancy or final yield? I really want to do synthesize Magness violet but it'll take time for more than 3 trials and I have to test 4 different temperatures which would have to be pretty high- is the temperature you used in the video the most appropriate for the reaction? And is phosphoric acid needed or can it be substituted for another acid?
Can you tell me how exactly you prepared the MAP? Is this just ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, or combination with phosphoric acid? Oherwise, thank you for the video!
Hi! I prepare most of the salts I use in my videos myself. To prepare the MAP I just neutralize one part of phosphoric acid with one part of ammonia. I usually prepare more than I need in order to recover a first batch of crystals that will be used in the video, and then the rest are let to crystallise slower for further recovery. Pretty straight forward in most cases, just need to play with some basic calculus (reagent densities and purity) and solubilities in both hot and cold water (if posible I always do this kind of recryst as it is faster). Thanks for commenting :D
I used it, with many other things off camera... The water colour you see in the white bottle cap is what I came up with. It dried and stays in the paper pretty good. Probably if you are interested I can make a video preparing it
Yeha probably, but for suretion will be not complete unless "more" excess is used. There is no much info as far as I remember about the balanced equation so I sticked to what I was able to find back then
How much was that hotplate? Do you like it? I need to get a new one... My shitty chineseium one sucks... Turns out that instead of throttling the current to reach a specific temperature, they just turn the heating element on and off, and the temperature I set is actually just the average temperature it tries to reach. And it only starts heating if you set it to 100C or higher, so I cant use it to just warm things up. Piece of shit... lol
The heater is perfect for me. One of the best I have worked with, and I had used lots of them in my proffesional and academical career. Let me check with my sponsor if I can provide you a lin to their Amicus line hotplates. I had to say that if you want to heat something with not control of temperature the setting must be really high. Like if you want to boil water you have to set the temp to about 200ºC for a fast boiling. With the thermal probe it works PERFECTLY though. You set the temperature to 101ºC and then it boils fast and at that temperature ;D
@@Glattuh Yes, it's true!! :D I am just so happy for the new videos, you know. Detailed, professional and highest quality as always! Thank you so much for bringing chemistry close to the people. :))
Hahaha yeah I have some sponsorhip now so things are going great for me ;D Actually I am pretty happy you still watching my videos too! If you have any suggestion for future projects jsut let me know!!
I like how clean your workspace is and how carefully you treat the synthesis.
Thank you very much!
Very interesting. You got a vibrant color pigment. Great for artistic use. Congratulations. Stunning experiment.
Thank you!!!
Ah, water colors and Pink Floyd, so satisfying.
;)
good ol Pink Floyd Wind
shine on
It's been awesome to see such an in-depth look at my favourite purple pigment. Your resulting pigment is one of the brightest and most saturated I have seen - loved seeing it turned into paint.
This is one of the best chemistry videos I've seen on youtube. The procedure is interesting, your lab practices are on point, the explanations are good, your equipment is very nice and the video production is AMAZING. Subscribed!
Woe thanks for that! Welcome!
how man-made things get their colors has always fascinated me (as in how pigments are made), this definitely helped me understand what goes on under the hood! thanks for the explanation!
thank you so much for your attention detail and thorough explanations in this video! It's challenging to find material that is at this level of understanding so I cannot thank you enough!!
Thanks for your comment! Apreciate it :)
this pigment turned out absolutely gorgeous! another thing worth noting is the fact that because it's mineral-based, it's extremely lightfast so it has an archival quality that can allow it to be preserved for years, even decades! good news for any artist that is looking to use it in their worl
Except the synthesis itself I really love the noise on the background! Great soundtrack!
Neat, love watching the process. Appreciate you sharing with us..
I didnt know seeing someone else doing lab work would b fun
You just have to relax and enjoy haha. Thanks for watching!!!
I'm wondering if the released gas could help to find out what might be happening. Manganese dioxide tends to release oxygen in some reactions and the manganese is reduced. Maybe the solution contains nitrate, which would be a sign for the ammonium ion acting as a reducing agent. Nice synthesis!
Sure it may be reacting producing nitrates, nitrites, nitrogen gas and of course water. I really could not find anything about that. On the other hand the synthesis is pretty straight forward so...
Thanks for watching!!
Great video! Of interest, manganese violet is one of the best violets with which to paint skies. It is indeed a very smooth, uniform pigment to mull into almost any artist paint binder.
I love the background noise, reminds me of Star Trek's TNG engine sound :D
Nice reference! All my chem videos have it, it is somehow my personal mark hehe
Inkrible! Dankon vur diz vídeo. Dit is perfekto!
Very comprehensive. I didn't understand all the details, but it would be appreciated by chemists.
Thanks!! And well, i think I am making little bit too much in depth videos but, feel free to ask anything you dis not understand!!!
I'd love to see syntheses of manganese blue, Naples yellow (lead antimony oxide), lead tin antimony yellow, and lead tin yellow types 1 and 2. Unfortunately the experiments would be dangerous due to the toxicity of lead and antimony, and you would need a pottery kiln or some other type of furnace to get the reactions to occur.
I put those in my upcoming project list for sure, I am interested in solid state chemistry too :D
Thanks for the ideas !!
upvote for the use of Shine On!!!! love it!! love the pigment too
Not very listened to this days sadly... Thanks!
@@Glattuh I think I listen to it every week! What do you listen to these days?
Thank God I found this video, very good
Thank you!! I really enjoyed making this video too :D
Love purple color its beautyful
Concerning the gas evolving during the reaction, that could actually be oxygen arising from the reduction of Mn(IV) to Mn(III). The reduction of metal ions in high oxidation states in acidic media with the release of O2 is quite common
Nice to know! I really tried to find a balanced equation when I did the video, but couldnt find anything. Thanks for the comment
The simpliest scheme for the process should look smth like this, neglecting the interaction of Mn3+ with phosphate ions:
4MnO2 + 12H+ = 4Mn3+ + O2 + 6H2O
All of this video is awesome ! Excellent work for both theory and practicing
Thank you!!! Every video is lots of fun for me at first so if then you people enjoy it too I am more than satisfied!
Thanks for watching me, it means a lot!
GREAT VIDEO!😁 for the most parts, really easy to undertand explanations! Very informative and im happy that i now know how one of my favorite pigments from watercolors is made!😁
As for the gas evolution:
It most likely is a mixture of gasses. Most likely oxygen, ammonia and water.
The oxygen coming from the manganese salt, ammonia from the decomposition of ammoniumdiphosphate and water from the phosphoric acid as it becomes more concentrated and forms polyphosphate species
Regarding the chemistry underlying, the overall equation is highly likely to look like this:
4MnO2 + 4NH4H2PO4 + 4H3PO4 = 4MnNH4P2O7 + O2 + 10H2O
Btw it is rather interesting that unstable Mn3+ can be actually stabilized by pyrophosphate ligands
Thank you very much, this helps a lot!
Nice video! Sometimes such things look like a real magic =)
Indeed. Imagine my face coming to see the reaction after it finished... From ugly brown powder to violet pigment, real alchemy hehe
Thanks for watching and commenting!
Really cool. Thanks for such professional lecture. I will follow you.
Thank you!
My monkey brain: Brown to purple! Awesome!
this was fun.
Could you use erbium oxide to make green? or would it be more in the UV? and/or be florescent/phosphorescent? or just not fit that crystal matrix?
also
the 'tunnels' remind me of diamond from that angle (shine on👍) ,
what kind of ion exchange were you thinking of? keneticaly, what would cause displacement?
..& did you minor in geology/crystalography or something?
Blood Lust WHO??
Girl now I know how to make purple pigment.
Did you film the tapes under cool temperature lights? My manganese violet paint is closer to magenta rather than ultramarine violet under 5500k lights.
Hi! This question is almost imposible to answer as many factors takes place: the light source I use in my lab, the camera settings, my monitor color display at the time of editing, your monitor color display at the time of watching... I am sure in real life it would be the same though!
Manganese violet is highly metameric.
Good academics value 👌
Thank you, one of my favourite videos in fact!
Dá pra fabricar tinta à óleo com esse pigmento?
What purpose does the loud roaring noise serve?
When I boil it, it gets dirty pink. If I further add hot water on the filter, the “potter’s pink” kind of color turns brown,
I am afraid it’s disintegrating back to the MnO2. Any idea why it might be happening?
Weird! It might be something in the water you added/the reaction mixture that makes the manganese to oxidise back to manganese dioxide... I would need to see what you are doing, all I can say is that it worked for me. Maybe your reagents and glassware are not apropriate enough. Maybe it is oxygen in the air. I performed a try before this video was filmed and doing all in the same day helped. For this video you can see some more pink particles in the filtration step, which in the other procedure I performed, theyy were nonexistent plus the final powder was way more powdered. I can guess with time and oxygen particles agregate and some of them react back to the dioxide. Nonetheless, the pigment is quite stable once dried and in neutral pH conditions...
@@Glattuh thank you for your answer! Nah, the water is perfect (milliQ), as well as the glass. It is likely that the reaction did not go through completely during that time, as my temperature control was poor. Or maybe there were some leftovers from the way I prepared the ingredients (though unlikely): I made MnO2 from MnSO4 and KMnO4, and MAP from treating the dry NH4HCO3 with 85% phosphoric acid (all the chemicals are research grade). Or maybe excess H3PO4 messed it up?
Then I think it is what you said, temp control and reaction yield. I dont think excess phosphoric acid does bad, in fact, i think the opposite. It pushes the reaction towrds formation of products. Not an enough strong acid to mess the pigment. If your reagents you prepared are well purified and so, I really think it was the reaction conditions themselves ;)
@@Glattuh I’ll give it another try;)
@@Glattuh Hmm, after 2h of it being visibly purple it still gets pink and brown in hot water. I kept it there for one more hour... If I put some of it in cold water, it seems to be dissolving completely into a pink solution (Mn2+?)
Hey, how did you calculate the percentage yield though? Did I miss a part where you did the theoretical calculations? Either way, loved the video
I think I did it off camera as sometimes I feel showing the calculations may distract some people. From a quick 3 minutes spend rewatching my own video and doing a very fast calculation, I based my yield on the MnO2 and I get the same 62% as in the video. If you want to know how to do it please feel free to ask!
@@Glattuh No it's alright! But thank you so much
I looked through some of my pigments and found a "Lavender blue" thats sold by earthpigments.com. They describe the pigment as Si4O10(OH)2Mg3-Co3Ca-Al, French Minerals are 10% manufactured mineral pigments fixed to a natural Calcium Carbonate base. I can't help but wonder if they made a mistake in the formula. Shouldn't it be Mn not Mg?
Wow, the youtube recommendations brought me to your channel - your content is really nice!
I never heard from this pigment before, but I really need to synthesize that! It really kinda looks like Cobalt phosphate.
I think the strangest, that I ever got from Mn was a red-orange color from a Mn-Mo polyoxometallate, thats really unusual and looks like it would be Cr(VI).
Actualy that was the first video, that I ever filmed ;)
Art and science！
So interesting and educating！
Thanks a lot～
Well, if that can be called art haha. Thank you for watching!!
Would changing the temperature have an effect on the total yield of Magness violet created? I came across your video after searching for a lab experiment to do, are all materials safe to use in a high school lab?
Great video by the way!! I love the organization and the information was fascinating!!
Hi and thanks!! Well I wished I do this things in my highschool haha. It is a pretty straght forward experiment but concentrated phosphoric acid is used, also high heat, so I do not know if it is safe to perform at highschool. For me it would be a yes, if all the precautions are taken of course :D. There are more experiments of making pigments that do not require heat at all, maybe search for those better :D
@@Glattuh great!! I hope to make this pigment for my chemistry project! Would you by any chance know any other pigments that can be synthesized relatively easily?
Yes! A very cheap and easy pigment that is also very visual for students is the copper (II) carbonate:hydroxide system. It is performed jsut by mixing a Cu(II) salt solution (mostly copper sulfate pentahydrate) with a carbonate salt. At first some blue pigment is formed (Azurite) but giving it time, the pigment will transform into Malachite, changing the colour to blue. I do not know very much as I should do further research, but it is known that Azurite is not stable in air and gradually evolves into Malachite within time. Maybe you can do it in class! No heat needed at all :D
@@Glattuh oh that sounds like a great idea!! What would an independent variable for this kind of experiment that could potentially affect vibrancy or final yield? I really want to do synthesize Magness violet but it'll take time for more than 3 trials and I have to test 4 different temperatures which would have to be pretty high- is the temperature you used in the video the most appropriate for the reaction? And is phosphoric acid needed or can it be substituted for another acid?
excellent thank you so much
Can you tell me how exactly you prepared the MAP? Is this just ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, or combination with phosphoric acid? Oherwise, thank you for the video!
Hi! I prepare most of the salts I use in my videos myself. To prepare the MAP I just neutralize one part of phosphoric acid with one part of ammonia. I usually prepare more than I need in order to recover a first batch of crystals that will be used in the video, and then the rest are let to crystallise slower for further recovery. Pretty straight forward in most cases, just need to play with some basic calculus (reagent densities and purity) and solubilities in both hot and cold water (if posible I always do this kind of recryst as it is faster).
Thanks for commenting :D
@@Glattuh Thank you so so much for your answer, it helped a lot!
You need a binding agent to create watercolor paint. It's not just pigment and water.
I used it, with many other things off camera... The water colour you see in the white bottle cap is what I came up with. It dried and stays in the paper pretty good. Probably if you are interested I can make a video preparing it
Great video/demonstration but where are your gloves my friend?
The Pink Floyd was cool...
top notch
Thanks! Not so viewed video in my channel, but really interesting and fun from my point of view :D
Good job
Thank you!
Is it possible DAP instead of mono amonium phosphate?
Yeha probably, but for suretion will be not complete unless "more" excess is used. There is no much info as far as I remember about the balanced equation so I sticked to what I was able to find back then
Buen video!!
Gracias! Espero sintetizar mas solidos inorganicos en el futuro!
could you make red pigment , please:)
Yes, I can! Someday it will be uploaded to the channel :D
How much was that hotplate? Do you like it? I need to get a new one... My shitty chineseium one sucks... Turns out that instead of throttling the current to reach a specific temperature, they just turn the heating element on and off, and the temperature I set is actually just the average temperature it tries to reach. And it only starts heating if you set it to 100C or higher, so I cant use it to just warm things up. Piece of shit... lol
The heater is perfect for me. One of the best I have worked with, and I had used lots of them in my proffesional and academical career. Let me check with my sponsor if I can provide you a lin to their Amicus line hotplates. I had to say that if you want to heat something with not control of temperature the setting must be really high. Like if you want to boil water you have to set the temp to about 200ºC for a fast boiling. With the thermal probe it works PERFECTLY though. You set the temperature to 101ºC and then it boils fast and at that temperature ;D
Thanks ))
Amazig videos. :)
Thank you László!!! Long time haha
@@Glattuh Yes, it's true!! :D I am just so happy for the new videos, you know. Detailed, professional and highest quality as always! Thank you so much for bringing chemistry close to the people. :))
Hahaha yeah I have some sponsorhip now so things are going great for me ;D
Actually I am pretty happy you still watching my videos too! If you have any suggestion for future projects jsut let me know!!
@@Glattuh I'll be always a big fan of your channel! I am also learning a lot from your videos! :)) and I am truly happy for all your success!
whats Å?
Its the Angstrom, a unit of length measurement. 1Å= 0,0000000001m = 1E-10 m
@@Glattuh
Thank youuu. ^-^
I recogbise the unit but didnt know that was the symbol. Interestin
The two downvotes are from flat-earthers.
Indeed, poor people ;(
Hi sir can i talking with you ?plz
I like to add this to shampoo bars!
Nice idea! It is perfectly safe for that
I got purple instead of Violet.
make artificial Amethyst
This video is kinda creepy.
Crap