Left out a key fact, that he utilized nickel tubes and condensation bottles because after reacting with fluorine, the nickel fluoride coating rendered them passive. It wasn't until 1986 that a pure chemical synthesis of fluorine was achieved that didn't require a reagent that needed fluorine to make it in the first place (such as heating Cobalt trifluoride). K2MnF6 + SbF3 -> KSbF6 + MnF3 + 1/2 F2 In case you are interested.
By far, most impressive and quite unnexpected, this comment admittedly 'over a my head'. An organic chemist is what I am, though, so kudos to you for your obvious command of your field 👍
Good shit! Ive always wondered what kind safety precautions were taken in the old days. Like when phosgene was discovered how did Davy constantly work with it and not die with no fume hood?
I read in a chemistry book about nitrogen trichloride and that Pierre Dulong who discovered it lost three fingers and an eye, I laughed out loud, shades of schadenfreude.
@@Christopher.Marshall I don’t recall exactly, I loved the old style chemistry books with wood carved diagrams from the 1930s to the 1950s. Chemistry at that level doesn’t change. It might have been “The Chemical Elements and Their Compounds” (two volumes) by N Sidgewick. The section on perchloric esters in this book is quoted in “Iginition!”. I’ll check it again tomorrow when I return home.
@@RationalThinker118 As a Rational Thinker, I wonder what your take on "The Gospel of Afranius" is? It's an interesting case - a conspiracy theory... that explains away miracles, so pro-rational?
Very decently put together and informative historic scientific content! It seems i just found this channel in time before its viewer and subscriber count blows up! 😅 400 subscribers at the time of writing this comment!
@@Groeliker there are reagents equivalent to that but honestly if you know your stuff only unforseeable mistakes will get the bomb to go off, you have much more control unlike in the military where you depend on good leaders and can get sniped completely out of nowhere (no expert in military but i can only imagine its like that)
Many thanks. Interesting. I had heard about the process in High School Chemistry (and this fellow?), it has been a few years. Noticed the use of an electrical cell, interesting. As for the problem of diamonds? That had been addressed earlier and had resulted in carborundum. Later, the diamond issues were solved by the use of an iron catalyst in the 1950s by some investigators at GE. There was a doc on PBS narrated by Sally Kellerman in 2000? 'The Diamond Deception?"
Back when Fluorine was being investigated, the joke went: 'How can tell which chemists are investigating Fluorine?' To which the answer was: 'A quick scan of the obituaries for people in that field'.
Please do a video about all the different kinds of solvents. We all know water is amazing, but how about: Ethanol Methanol Acetone: Tetrachloroethylene Toluene Methyl acetate
You can fact check me on this, but I think that when exposed to radiation, the crystal structure is changed a little and the platinum becomes harder and more resistant to corrosion
I’m sure disgusting amounts of trial and error and making diligent physical observations. It surely wasn’t the first salt he tried, and other salts would also work to increase conductivity if that was his only end goal. Maybe previous researchers have studied electrolysis or K(HF)2 and notice it produced a similar product so he figured it might actually be the same so wouldn’t contaminate his product. Or more likely they knew that treating this solid (we know as K(HF)2) with strong acids or bases produces HF which is his reaction medium…so it’s not that he knew it was fluorine but he probably knew they were related somehow
Wondering where you saw information about irradiated platinum? I'm not sure radioactivity was even known, let alone commonly used, at the time of his fluorine experiments
Ah yes, I discussed this with another commenter, it's almost surely not irradiated platinum, it was either an iridium platinum alloy or purely iridium electrodes. The vessel was regular platinum.
It was fluorine that got me interested in chemistry and how hydrofluoric acid dissolved glass, although I never actually encountered fluorine chemistry. I did however isolate bromine and proceeded from there. I despair over the drug labs which killed off amateur chemistry by outlawing precursor chemicals. In the bromine days I was able to purchase potassium bromide from pharmacy shops but not now.
Same here. Got sodium bromide and concentrated sulphuric acid from a pharmacy and proceeded to isolate bromine using a special long necked retort which I still have 60 years later. Also "discovered" nitrogen triiodide which, as you may know, is shock sensitive when dry. Makes nice little pops when it decomposes.
@@gordonwedman3179 Yeah I used nitric acid and potassium bromide in a retort sitting in hot water. The bonus is that the byproduct is a potassium nitrate solution but you have to empty it from the retort before it cools and crystalizes. I originally tried to displace the bro i e with chlorine but that was inefficient. The retort was given to me because it had a crack in it but still worked ok.
What is "irradiated platinum"? And with what was it irradiated. X-rays were discovered in 1895 but Fluorine was first isolated in 1886. Or does irradiated have an alternative meaning that I am not aware of.
@@RationalThinker118 Perhaps the electrodes were "iridated platinum" - platinum alloyed with a small amount of iridium. Just a guess - I don't know. What I *do* know is that I never want to be anywhere near elemental fluorine, or even hydrofluoric acid. 😱☠ Thanks for creating and sharing this fine presentation!
Thanks, I'm glad you said this, I want to do longer form content in the future. I felt like I left so much out here. If the channel grows enough I may have some free time to extend the videos
@@RationalThinker118 yeah mate. I can tell, I watch a lot of science on TH-cam. I've seen many uploaders go form zero to literally over 1 million subs. It takes years, but I know if you keep at it you will grow in many ways. Cheers
@@RationalThinker118 nope, look up Fluorine's radius, it's much smaller than lithium. Being the most electronegative element, it pulls so strongly on it's electrons that the atomic radius is smaller than an electropositive atom like lithium. Yes, fluorine is heavier, yet smaller than lithium
@RationalThinker118 Well, forgive me if you knew already, but that is exactly what your video says, so be careful to use the proper words. Fluorine is the smallest 2nd row atom, period.
"... with money out of the question [sic] ..." -- if anything, that suggests that Moissan had no money or hope of getting any, the opposite of what you meant.
Left out a key fact, that he utilized nickel tubes and condensation bottles because after reacting with fluorine, the nickel fluoride coating rendered them passive.
It wasn't until 1986 that a pure chemical synthesis of fluorine was achieved that didn't require a reagent that needed fluorine to make it in the first place (such as heating Cobalt trifluoride).
K2MnF6 + SbF3 -> KSbF6 + MnF3 + 1/2 F2
In case you are interested.
By far, most impressive and quite unnexpected, this comment admittedly 'over a my head'. An organic chemist is what I am, though, so kudos to you for your obvious command of your field 👍
Small channel, high quality.
I will be back.
Best of luck!
His assistant won Nobel prize in interference
Right? What an asshole move. "Because he wanted to see him succeed?" He could've made him look like a fraud or a dummy at the very least.
Good shit! Ive always wondered what kind safety precautions were taken in the old days. Like when phosgene was discovered how did Davy constantly work with it and not die with no fume hood?
I read in a chemistry book about nitrogen trichloride and that Pierre Dulong who discovered it lost three fingers and an eye, I laughed out loud, shades of schadenfreude.
@darylcheshire1618 yeah its called "ignition!" I think? I found out today old school fume hoods used a flame rather than a fan!
@@bobsagely812 No I read about Dulong in a real chemistry textbook.
@darylcheshire1618 what was the book called?
@@Christopher.Marshall I don’t recall exactly, I loved the old style chemistry books with wood carved diagrams from the 1930s to the 1950s. Chemistry at that level doesn’t change. It might have been “The Chemical Elements and Their Compounds” (two volumes) by N Sidgewick. The section on perchloric esters in this book is quoted in “Iginition!”.
I’ll check it again tomorrow when I return home.
Impressive information
Thank you!
@@RationalThinker118 As a Rational Thinker, I wonder what your take on "The Gospel of Afranius" is? It's an interesting case - a conspiracy theory... that explains away miracles, so pro-rational?
Very decently put together and informative historic scientific content!
It seems i just found this channel in time before its viewer and subscriber count blows up! 😅
400 subscribers at the time of writing this comment!
Fluorine is terrifying. These were brave brave men who managed to isolate it
The fluorine martyrs were badass
I wonder what was more dangerous in his life - isolating fluorine or serving in army )
Right, a dangerous life for sure
Army,
hands down.
Chemistry doesn’t drop bombshells on ya.
@@Groelikeryou’d be surprised
@@Groeliker there are reagents equivalent to that but honestly if you know your stuff only unforseeable mistakes will get the bomb to go off, you have much more control unlike in the military where you depend on good leaders and can get sniped completely out of nowhere (no expert in military but i can only imagine its like that)
@@Groelikeruntil you accidentally create phosgene
Thanks for keeping it short.
Many thanks. Interesting. I had heard about the process in High School Chemistry (and this fellow?), it has been a few years. Noticed the use of an electrical cell, interesting. As for the problem of diamonds? That had been addressed earlier and had resulted in carborundum. Later, the diamond issues were solved by the use of an iron catalyst in the 1950s by some investigators at GE. There was a doc on PBS narrated by Sally Kellerman in 2000? 'The Diamond Deception?"
Back when Fluorine was being investigated, the joke went: 'How can tell which chemists are investigating Fluorine?' To which the answer was: 'A quick scan of the obituaries for people in that field'.
Please do a video about all the different kinds of solvents. We all know water is amazing, but how about:
Ethanol
Methanol
Acetone:
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
Methyl acetate
What was the significance of irradiated platinum over regular Pt?
You can fact check me on this, but I think that when exposed to radiation, the crystal structure is changed a little and the platinum becomes harder and more resistant to corrosion
@RationalThinker118 I asked chat GPT and it said the same thing :)
@@Atomic_ChemistGood heavens, you're not expecting to get facts from ChatGPT are you? The thing hallucinates the most bizarre nonsense....
@@davidhiggen3029 you think im not aware? Doesn't mean everything it says is useless
Thanks for the video. I wonder how did they even know HF and KHF2 contained fluorine and where they got those from.
I’m sure disgusting amounts of trial and error and making diligent physical observations.
It surely wasn’t the first salt he tried, and other salts would also work to increase conductivity if that was his only end goal. Maybe previous researchers have studied electrolysis or K(HF)2 and notice it produced a similar product so he figured it might actually be the same so wouldn’t contaminate his product.
Or more likely they knew that treating this solid (we know as K(HF)2) with strong acids or bases produces HF which is his reaction medium…so it’s not that he knew it was fluorine but he probably knew they were related somehow
I heard from my ochem professor that even in 2020 you'd be hard-pressed to find a chemist studying flourine who still has all their fingers attached.
Good short.
great video! well done! keep up the great work
Here before you blow up 🙏
Appreciate it 🙏
No kidding! This is great content
Wondering where you saw information about irradiated platinum? I'm not sure radioactivity was even known, let alone commonly used, at the time of his fluorine experiments
Ah yes, I discussed this with another commenter, it's almost surely not irradiated platinum, it was either an iridium platinum alloy or purely iridium electrodes. The vessel was regular platinum.
@@RationalThinker118Right, wikipedia says platinum-iridium electrodes. Sounds reasonable.
They are very close in French: platine iridié (iridium platinum) and platine irradié (irradiated platinum)
That was my first thought.
F has the smallest atomic radius in period 2. (0:34 or so on timeline)
Yeah, I misspoke and said largest instead of heaviest. My bad
I forgot to say - great video!
Thank you! Didn't expect this many views... I'm blown away to be honest
Just making HF from fluorite and sulfuric acid was enough for me when I was a student.....good enough to etch glass relatively safely....
Spamming likes all over the place
Fluorine is the angriest element!
So underrated
Great channel, interesting content❤
It was fluorine that got me interested in chemistry and how hydrofluoric acid dissolved glass, although I never actually encountered fluorine chemistry. I did however isolate bromine and proceeded from there.
I despair over the drug labs which killed off amateur chemistry by outlawing precursor chemicals.
In the bromine days I was able to purchase potassium bromide from pharmacy shops but not now.
Same here. Got sodium bromide and concentrated sulphuric acid from a pharmacy and proceeded to isolate bromine using a special long necked retort which I still have 60 years later. Also "discovered" nitrogen triiodide which, as you may know, is shock sensitive when dry. Makes nice little pops when it decomposes.
@@gordonwedman3179 Yeah I used nitric acid and potassium bromide in a retort sitting in hot water. The bonus is that the byproduct is a potassium nitrate solution but you have to empty it from the retort before it cools and crystalizes.
I originally tried to displace the bro i e with chlorine but that was inefficient.
The retort was given to me because it had a crack in it but still worked ok.
What is "irradiated platinum"?
And with what was it irradiated.
X-rays were discovered in 1895 but Fluorine was first isolated in 1886.
Or does irradiated have an alternative meaning that I am not aware of.
Good question actually. I might have the wrong info. I saw another source that says the electrodes were iridium and the vessel was made of platinum.
@@RationalThinker118 Perhaps the electrodes were "iridated platinum" - platinum alloyed with a small amount of iridium. Just a guess - I don't know. What I *do* know is that I never want to be anywhere near elemental fluorine, or even hydrofluoric acid. 😱☠
Thanks for creating and sharing this fine presentation!
Nice video man, i really like it! :)
Any link between Henri Moissan and the mineral Moissanite?
Yes! He discovered it and it's named after him. It's one of the crystals he created in his electric arc furnace.
Impressive.
Lots of info, quick and concise! Sub earned
How did they know the gas was florine?
Liked subbed and commented for the algo. Keep it up!
Just a comment for the sake of a comment... Good video even if it's a bit short.
Thanks, I'm glad you said this, I want to do longer form content in the future. I felt like I left so much out here. If the channel grows enough I may have some free time to extend the videos
@@RationalThinker118 yeah mate. I can tell, I watch a lot of science on TH-cam. I've seen many uploaders go form zero to literally over 1 million subs. It takes years, but I know if you keep at it you will grow in many ways. Cheers
Fluorine is the smallest element in period two in regards to radius
🙏🙏🙏🙏
But Fluorine doesn't LIKE to be isolated . . . .
Fluorine is by no means the largest element of the second row, it's actually the smallest atom of the periodic table appart from helium and hydrogen.
Are you confusing Fluorine with Lithium?
@@RationalThinker118 nope, look up Fluorine's radius, it's much smaller than lithium. Being the most electronegative element, it pulls so strongly on it's electrons that the atomic radius is smaller than an electropositive atom like lithium. Yes, fluorine is heavier, yet smaller than lithium
Okay, I see what you mean. I wasn't claiming Fluorine's radius to be the 2nd largest of the 2nd row though
@RationalThinker118 Well, forgive me if you knew already, but that is exactly what your video says, so be careful to use the proper words. Fluorine is the smallest 2nd row atom, period.
Fair enough, I will be more careful in the future.
moissanite?
100th subscriber
🥳🥳 thank you so much!
"... with money out of the question [sic] ..." -- if anything, that suggests that Moissan had no money or hope of getting any, the opposite of what you meant.
What's the famous chemist that invented TH-cam?
John youtube
@@badgermcbadger1968 Marie Youtubie?
Maybe a video about a woman sometime? You're doing great
Me 2 #NOLLharm
Bebbeth
55+9
Thanks for uploading🫶
Your comment section is full of deamons (bots)
Hide!
Was the lab assistant his mom? Lol
Thats not Science. That is Applied science. Which isn't a Science. It's how to apply it.
To say that applying science is not a part of science is the dumbest thing I’ve heard today
This has to be the most ignorant comment I’ve seen on TH-cam this year
@@Orrinn123Its part of The Scientific Method. Which isn't Science either.
@@mikef7707Try and refute me.
Nullius in verba
@@mikef7707Then refute Nullius in verba
Ai voice
Awesome. And now here we are in the EU where everything is prohibited 😢