29+ tenses in turkish language Istanbul Turkish verb conjugations A= To (towards /~for) (for words with a thick vowel in the last syllable) E= To (towards /~for) (for words with a thin vowel in the last syllable) Okul=School U (ou)=it’s that/ it’s about Mak/Mek (umak/emek)= aim /exertion (machine/mechanism)(activity purpose / effort process) (verb)>Git-mek= to Go >> getmek ( effort to go) = to get there 1 .present continuous tense (right now or soon, currently or nowadays) Used to describe the current actions or planned events -for designated times YOR-mak =to tire ( to try ,engage in) >Yor= go onto it too much (yorgunum=I’m tired) A/E Yormak=(to arrive at any idea of what it is) I/U Yormak=(to be fully occupied with it) used as the suffix=” ı/u - i/ü + Yor" positive Okula gidiyorsun ( you are going to school)= Okul-a Git-i-Yor-u-Sen >School-to Go-to-Try that-You < (please read backwards) Evden geliyorum ( I'm coming from home) = Ev-de-en Gel-i-yor-u-Men >(from Home I’ try to Come) =Come-to-try that-Me < then-at-Home< negative A) Mã= Not B) Değil= Un-equivalent examples A: Okula gitmiyorsun ( you’re not going to school)= Okul-a Git-Mã-i-yor-u-Sen >You don't try to Go to school B: Okula gidiyor değilsin ( you aren’t going to school)=Okul-a Git-i-yor değil-sen >You aren't try..to Go to School Question sentence: Mã-u =Not-it> isn't it? Used as the suffixes =" Mı / Mu / Mi / Mü “ Okula mı gidiyorsun? ( Are you going to school )= Okul-a Mã-u Git-i-yor-u-sen (To-school/ Not-it / You-try-to-go)>Are you going to school or somewhere else? Okula gidiyor musun? ( Do you go to school )= Okul-a Git-i-yor Mã-u-sen (To school /Try-to-go /Not-it-you)>~do You (try to) go to school (at specific times) or not ? Okula sen mi gidiyorsun ?= Are you the one going to school? 2 .simple extensive tense ( used to express our own thoughts on a subject) (always, since long , for a long time, sometimes, currently, sooner or later/ inşallah) positive VAR-mak = to arrive at /be there (var= ~being there) used as the suffixes >"Ar-ır-ur" (for thick vowel) ER-mek= to get at /to reach (er= ~achieve ) used as the suffixes >"Er-ir-ür" (for thin vowel) examples Okula gidersin (You get to go to school)= Okul-a Git-e-er-u-sen= You get a chance to go to school Gölde balık tutarsınız (all of) You have the chance to fish in the lake)=Göl-de balık tut-a-var-u-sen-iz Bunu kolayca satarız (We've the possibility of selling this easily)=Bunu kolayca sat-a-var-u-weñ-iz Bunu görebilirim (I can see this) = Bu-ne’u Gör-e-Bil-e-er-u-men =~I get at the knowledge to see what this is Question sentence: In interrogative sentences it means: isn't it so /what do you think about this topic? Okula gider misin? (Do you get to go to school) Okul-a Git-e-er Mã-u-Sen =You get to Go to School -is Not it?=~How about you (getting to) go to school? Okula mı gidersin? =Do you (get to) go to school ?(or anywhere else) negative Mã= Not Bas-mak =to tread on/ dwell on/ stand on (bas git=get out of here > pas geç= pass by> vaz geç=give up Ez-mek = to crush/ to run over (ez geç= think nothing about > es geç= stop thinking about) Mã-bas=(No-pass/ Na pas) > (give up on/not to dwell on) >the suffix "MAZ" (for thick vowel) Mã-ez=(Don’t/ Doesn’t)> (to skip/ avoid) >the suffix "MEZ" (for thin vowel) for the 1st person singular and 1st plural is only used the suffix “Mã” ,except for questions examples Okula gitmezsin (you don't/won't go to school)= Okul-a Git-mã-ez-sen > You skip going to school Babam bunu yapmaz (my dad doesn't do this)= Baba-m bu-n’u yap-ma-bas > My dad doesn't dwell on doing this Bugün okula gitmem (I won't go to school today)> Okul-a Git-mã-men =I don't (have to) go to school Bugün okula gidemem (I can’t go to school today)= Okul-a Git-e-er-mã-men >I don't get (a chance) to go to school Bir bardak su almaz mısınız?(Don't you get a glass of water)> Bir fincan çay al-ma-bas ma-u-sen-iz > Do you (really) give up on getting a cup of tea? Kimse senden (daha) hızlı koşamaz (No one can run faster than you)=Kimse sen-den daha hızlı kaş-a-al-ma-bas 3.simple future tense (soon or later) Used to describe events that we are aiming for or think are in the future Çak-mak =~to tack ,~fasten,~keep in mind ,~hit them together (for thick vowel) Çek-mek=~to pull, ~take time, ~feel it inside, ~attract , ~to will (for thin vowel) positive.. Okula gideceksin ( you'll go to school)= Okul-a Git-e-çek-sen = You fetch (in mind) to Go to school Ali kapıyı açacak ( Ali’s gonna open the door)= Ali Kapı-y-ı Aç-a-çak = Ali takes (on his mind) to open the door negative A. Okula gitmeyeceksin (you won't go to school)= Okul-a Git-mã-e-çek-sen =You don't take (time) to go to school B. Okula gidecek değilsin (you aren't gonna go to school)= Okul-a Git-e-çek değil-sen =~you won't go to school and nobody is demanding that you 4 .simple past tense (currently or previously) Used to explain the completed events we're sure about Edû = done / Di = anymore Used as the suffixes= (Dı /Di /Du/ Dü - Tı /Ti /Tu /Tü) positive Okula gittin = You went to school = Okul-a Git-di-N Dün İstanbul'da kaldım= I stayed in Istanbul yesterday Okula mı gittin ? (Did you go to school)= Okul-a Mã-u Git-di-n> You went to school or somewhere else? Okula gittin mi ? (~Have you gone to school)= Okul-a Git-di-n Mã-u> You went to school or not? negative Okula gitmedin =You didn't go to school / Okul-a Git-mã-di-N Bugün pazara gitmediler mi? =Didn't they go to the (open public) market today? Dün çarşıya mı gittiniz? = where Did you go yesterday, to the (covered public) bazaar? Akşamleyin bakkala (markete) gittik mi?= Did we go to the grocery store in the evening? 5 .narrative/reported past tense (for now or before) Used to describe the completed events that we're unsure of MUŞ-mak = ~to inform (umuş=~perception /muştu >> müjde=evangel) that means >I was informed/ I heard/ I found out/ I noticed /I learned that used as the suffixes= (Mış/ Muş - Miş/ Müş) positive Okula gitmişsin= I heard you went to school Yanlış birşey yapmışım=I realized I did something wrong negative A. Okula gitmemişsin (I found out- you didn't go to school)= Okul-a Git-mã-miş-sen (heard you haven't gone to school) B. Okula gitmiş değilsin =(Okul-a Git--miş değil-sen)=It's obvious- you haven't gone to school In a question sentence it means: Do you have any inform about/ Have you heard/ Did you notice /Does it look like that? İbrahim bugün okula gitmiş mi? =Did you hear whether Ibrahim went to school today? İbrahim bugün okula mı gitmiş? =Did you notice if Abraham went to school (or anywhere else) today? 6.Okula varmak üzeresin =You're about to arrive at school 7.Okula gitmektesin (You're in (process of) going to school)= ~you’ve been going to school 8.Okula gitmekteydin =~You had been going to school =Okula gidiyor olmaktaydın 9.Okula gitmekteymişsin =I found out you've been going to school 10.Okula gidiyordun (Okula git-i-yor er-di-n) = You were going to school 11.Okula gidiyormuşsun (Okula git-i-yor er-miş-sen)=I noticed you were going to school (at the time or right now) 12.Okula gidiyor olacaksın (Okula git-i-yor ol-a-çak-sen)=You’ll be going to school 13.Okula gitmekte olacaksın (Okula git-mek-de ol-a-çak-sen)=You’ll have been going to school 14.Okula gitmiş olacaksın (Okula git-miş ol-a-çak-sen)=You’ll have gone to school 15.Okula gidecektin (Okula git-e-çek er-di-n)=You were gonna go to school > I had thought you'd be going to school 16.Okula gidecekmişsin (Okula git-e-çek ermişsen)=I found out you're gonna go to school>~I hear you wanna go to school 17.Okula giderdin ( Okula git-e-er erdin)=You used to go to school >~You'd have had a chance to go to school 18.Okula gidermişsin ( Okula git-e-er ermişsen)=I heard you used to go to school> I realized that you’d get to go to school 19.Okula gittiydin ( Okula git-di erdin)= I had seen you went to school >I remember you had gone to school 20.Okula gittiymişsin = I heard you went to school -but if what I heard is true 21.Okula gitmişmişsin = I heard you've been to school -but what I heard didn't sound very convincing 22.Okula gitmiştin (Okula git-miş er-di-n)= you had gone to school 23.Okula gitmiş oldun (Okula git-miş ol-du-n)= you have been to school Dur-mak=to remain in the same way/order/layout Durur=remains to exist / keeps being / seems such used as the suffixes=(Dır- dir- dur- dür / Tır- tir-tur-tür) (in official speeches these suffixes are used only for the 3rd singular and 3rd plural person) its meaning in formal speeches> it has been and goes on like that Bu Bir Elma = This is an apple Bu bir elmadır= (bu bir elma-durur)= This is an apple (and keeps being) Bu Bir Kitap = This is a book Bu bir kitaptır= (bu bir kitap-durur)= This is a book (and keeps being) informal meaning in everyday speech>it seems/ likely that/ remained so in my mind Bu bir elmadır= (bu bir elma-durur)=It seems like- this is an apple Bu bir kitaptır= (bu bir kitap-durur)=It's likely that -this is a book Bu bir elma gibi duruyor=(looks like an apple this is )>This looks like an apple Bu bir kitap gibi duruyor=This looks like a book 24.Okula gidiyordursun =(guess>likely-You were going to school 25.Okula gidiyorsundur =(I think> you are going to school 26.Okula gidecektirsin =(guess>likely- You would (gonna) go to school 27.Okula gideceksindir=(I think> You'll go to school 28.Okula gitmiştirsin =(guess >likely- You had gone to school 29.Okula gitmişsindir =(I think> You've been to school
29+ tenses in turkish language
Istanbul Turkish verb conjugations
A= To (towards /~for) (for words with a thick vowel in the last syllable)
E= To (towards /~for) (for words with a thin vowel in the last syllable)
Okul=School
U (ou)=it’s that/ it’s about
Mak/Mek (umak/emek)= aim /exertion (machine/mechanism)(activity purpose / effort process)
(verb)>Git-mek= to Go >> getmek ( effort to go) = to get there
1 .present continuous tense (right now or soon, currently or nowadays)
Used to describe the current actions or planned events -for designated times
YOR-mak =to tire ( to try ,engage in) >Yor= go onto it too much (yorgunum=I’m tired)
A/E Yormak=(to arrive at any idea of what it is)
I/U Yormak=(to be fully occupied with it)
used as the suffix=” ı/u - i/ü + Yor"
positive
Okula gidiyorsun ( you are going to school)= Okul-a Git-i-Yor-u-Sen >School-to Go-to-Try that-You < (please read backwards)
Evden geliyorum ( I'm coming from home) = Ev-de-en Gel-i-yor-u-Men >(from Home I’ try to Come) =Come-to-try that-Me < then-at-Home<
negative
A) Mã= Not B) Değil= Un-equivalent
examples
A: Okula gitmiyorsun ( you’re not going to school)= Okul-a Git-Mã-i-yor-u-Sen >You don't try to Go to school
B: Okula gidiyor değilsin ( you aren’t going to school)=Okul-a Git-i-yor değil-sen >You aren't try..to Go to School
Question sentence:
Mã-u =Not-it> isn't it?
Used as the suffixes =" Mı / Mu / Mi / Mü “
Okula mı gidiyorsun? ( Are you going to school )= Okul-a Mã-u Git-i-yor-u-sen (To-school/ Not-it / You-try-to-go)>Are you going to school or somewhere else?
Okula gidiyor musun? ( Do you go to school )= Okul-a Git-i-yor Mã-u-sen (To school /Try-to-go /Not-it-you)>~do You (try to) go to school (at specific times) or not ?
Okula sen mi gidiyorsun ?= Are you the one going to school?
2 .simple extensive tense ( used to express our own thoughts on a subject)
(always, since long , for a long time, sometimes, currently, sooner or later/ inşallah)
positive
VAR-mak = to arrive at /be there
(var= ~being there) used as the suffixes >"Ar-ır-ur" (for thick vowel)
ER-mek= to get at /to reach
(er= ~achieve ) used as the suffixes >"Er-ir-ür" (for thin vowel)
examples
Okula gidersin (You get to go to school)= Okul-a Git-e-er-u-sen= You get a chance to go to school
Gölde balık tutarsınız (all of) You have the chance to fish in the lake)=Göl-de balık tut-a-var-u-sen-iz
Bunu kolayca satarız (We've the possibility of selling this easily)=Bunu kolayca sat-a-var-u-weñ-iz
Bunu görebilirim (I can see this) = Bu-ne’u Gör-e-Bil-e-er-u-men =~I get at the knowledge to see what this is
Question sentence:
In interrogative sentences it means: isn't it so /what do you think about this topic?
Okula gider misin? (Do you get to go to school) Okul-a Git-e-er Mã-u-Sen =You get to Go to School -is Not it?=~How about you (getting to) go to school?
Okula mı gidersin? =Do you (get to) go to school ?(or anywhere else)
negative
Mã= Not
Bas-mak =to tread on/ dwell on/ stand on (bas git=get out of here > pas geç= pass by> vaz geç=give up
Ez-mek = to crush/ to run over (ez geç= think nothing about > es geç= stop thinking about)
Mã-bas=(No-pass/ Na pas) > (give up on/not to dwell on) >the suffix "MAZ" (for thick vowel)
Mã-ez=(Don’t/ Doesn’t)> (to skip/ avoid) >the suffix "MEZ" (for thin vowel)
for the 1st person singular and 1st plural is only used the suffix “Mã” ,except for questions
examples
Okula gitmezsin (you don't/won't go to school)= Okul-a Git-mã-ez-sen > You skip going to school
Babam bunu yapmaz (my dad doesn't do this)= Baba-m bu-n’u yap-ma-bas > My dad doesn't dwell on doing this
Bugün okula gitmem (I won't go to school today)> Okul-a Git-mã-men =I don't (have to) go to school
Bugün okula gidemem (I can’t go to school today)= Okul-a Git-e-er-mã-men >I don't get (a chance) to go to school
Bir bardak su almaz mısınız?(Don't you get a glass of water)> Bir fincan çay al-ma-bas ma-u-sen-iz > Do you (really) give up on getting a cup of tea?
Kimse senden (daha) hızlı koşamaz (No one can run faster than you)=Kimse sen-den daha hızlı kaş-a-al-ma-bas
3.simple future tense (soon or later)
Used to describe events that we are aiming for or think are in the future
Çak-mak =~to tack ,~fasten,~keep in mind ,~hit them together (for thick vowel)
Çek-mek=~to pull, ~take time, ~feel it inside, ~attract , ~to will (for thin vowel)
positive..
Okula gideceksin ( you'll go to school)= Okul-a Git-e-çek-sen = You fetch (in mind) to Go to school
Ali kapıyı açacak ( Ali’s gonna open the door)= Ali Kapı-y-ı Aç-a-çak = Ali takes (on his mind) to open the door
negative
A. Okula gitmeyeceksin (you won't go to school)= Okul-a Git-mã-e-çek-sen =You don't take (time) to go to school
B. Okula gidecek değilsin (you aren't gonna go to school)= Okul-a Git-e-çek değil-sen =~you won't go to school and nobody is demanding that you
4 .simple past tense (currently or previously)
Used to explain the completed events we're sure about
Edû = done / Di = anymore
Used as the suffixes= (Dı /Di /Du/ Dü - Tı /Ti /Tu /Tü)
positive
Okula gittin = You went to school = Okul-a Git-di-N
Dün İstanbul'da kaldım= I stayed in Istanbul yesterday
Okula mı gittin ? (Did you go to school)= Okul-a Mã-u Git-di-n> You went to school or somewhere else?
Okula gittin mi ? (~Have you gone to school)= Okul-a Git-di-n Mã-u> You went to school or not?
negative
Okula gitmedin =You didn't go to school / Okul-a Git-mã-di-N
Bugün pazara gitmediler mi? =Didn't they go to the (open public) market today?
Dün çarşıya mı gittiniz? = where Did you go yesterday, to the (covered public) bazaar?
Akşamleyin bakkala (markete) gittik mi?= Did we go to the grocery store in the evening?
5 .narrative/reported past tense (for now or before)
Used to describe the completed events that we're unsure of
MUŞ-mak = ~to inform (umuş=~perception /muştu >> müjde=evangel)
that means >I was informed/ I heard/ I found out/ I noticed /I learned that
used as the suffixes= (Mış/ Muş - Miş/ Müş)
positive
Okula gitmişsin= I heard you went to school
Yanlış birşey yapmışım=I realized I did something wrong
negative
A. Okula gitmemişsin (I found out- you didn't go to school)= Okul-a Git-mã-miş-sen (heard you haven't gone to school)
B. Okula gitmiş değilsin =(Okul-a Git--miş değil-sen)=It's obvious- you haven't gone to school
In a question sentence it means: Do you have any inform about/ Have you heard/ Did you notice /Does it look like that?
İbrahim bugün okula gitmiş mi? =Did you hear whether Ibrahim went to school today?
İbrahim bugün okula mı gitmiş? =Did you notice if Abraham went to school (or anywhere else) today?
6.Okula varmak üzeresin =You're about to arrive at school
7.Okula gitmektesin (You're in (process of) going to school)= ~you’ve been going to school
8.Okula gitmekteydin =~You had been going to school =Okula gidiyor olmaktaydın
9.Okula gitmekteymişsin =I found out you've been going to school
10.Okula gidiyordun (Okula git-i-yor er-di-n) = You were going to school
11.Okula gidiyormuşsun (Okula git-i-yor er-miş-sen)=I noticed you were going to school (at the time or right now)
12.Okula gidiyor olacaksın (Okula git-i-yor ol-a-çak-sen)=You’ll be going to school
13.Okula gitmekte olacaksın (Okula git-mek-de ol-a-çak-sen)=You’ll have been going to school
14.Okula gitmiş olacaksın (Okula git-miş ol-a-çak-sen)=You’ll have gone to school
15.Okula gidecektin (Okula git-e-çek er-di-n)=You were gonna go to school > I had thought you'd be going to school
16.Okula gidecekmişsin (Okula git-e-çek ermişsen)=I found out you're gonna go to school>~I hear you wanna go to school
17.Okula giderdin ( Okula git-e-er erdin)=You used to go to school >~You'd have had a chance to go to school
18.Okula gidermişsin ( Okula git-e-er ermişsen)=I heard you used to go to school> I realized that you’d get to go to school
19.Okula gittiydin ( Okula git-di erdin)= I had seen you went to school >I remember you had gone to school
20.Okula gittiymişsin = I heard you went to school -but if what I heard is true
21.Okula gitmişmişsin = I heard you've been to school -but what I heard didn't sound very convincing
22.Okula gitmiştin (Okula git-miş er-di-n)= you had gone to school
23.Okula gitmiş oldun (Okula git-miş ol-du-n)= you have been to school
Dur-mak=to remain in the same way/order/layout
Durur=remains to exist / keeps being / seems such
used as the suffixes=(Dır- dir- dur- dür / Tır- tir-tur-tür)
(in official speeches these suffixes are used only for the 3rd singular and 3rd plural person)
its meaning in formal speeches> it has been and goes on like that
Bu Bir Elma = This is an apple
Bu bir elmadır= (bu bir elma-durur)= This is an apple (and keeps being)
Bu Bir Kitap = This is a book
Bu bir kitaptır= (bu bir kitap-durur)= This is a book (and keeps being)
informal meaning in everyday speech>it seems/ likely that/ remained so in my mind
Bu bir elmadır= (bu bir elma-durur)=It seems like- this is an apple
Bu bir kitaptır= (bu bir kitap-durur)=It's likely that -this is a book
Bu bir elma gibi duruyor=(looks like an apple this is )>This looks like an apple
Bu bir kitap gibi duruyor=This looks like a book
24.Okula gidiyordursun =(guess>likely-You were going to school
25.Okula gidiyorsundur =(I think> you are going to school
26.Okula gidecektirsin =(guess>likely- You would (gonna) go to school
27.Okula gideceksindir=(I think> You'll go to school
28.Okula gitmiştirsin =(guess >likely- You had gone to school
29.Okula gitmişsindir =(I think> You've been to school