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How do build actual learning habit so that we can maintain self study as well academic studies because l am confused by the academic teaching methods they are totally different and they demand very different kind of hard work so please simplify this that which one l should follow academy or these technique
I'm a physics PhD student, but if you cannot do this, you just would not survive doing physics. The professors are typically experts in what they are teaching, and you would notice that they are trying to build the big picture for you during class. At this point, I have not taken any notes in over 2-3 years, and I just listen to professor and try to understand the map that the professors are trying to create for you. Then, I typically just jump straight into homework, and try to do it. At this point, you notice that you are missing part of the big picture and cannot answer questions, so you go back to textbook/lecture notes to fill in that gap. 9 times out of 10 you still have significant holes or missing connections between the patches of understanding/knowledge you have, so go to the office hour and ask for help from your professor to connect the dots. Added benefit is that you get close to your professors so you already got your recommendation letter set if you ever need one. This method really helps because going to class is really easy, you just sit there and listen, so you have a lot of energy left at the end of the day to tackle the homework with full attention.
I went into physics having absolutely no idea how to study any of it. It was a nightmare. I wasted so much time trying to break down topics instead of just practicing. The effing. Problems!
@@juliusphua2447 Best advise I can give you is really to just work on Homework a class earlier, and don’t waste time reading textbook. Just jump into practice problems. Take full advantage of office hour
@@haruhidaso Right. The thought processes are still fresh in your mind. Yeah I agree with the textbook part, my highschool physics textbook was kinda useless.
Summary: In this video, Sung broke down the two steps to effective encoding: higher-order learning and increasing memory tolerance. First, we analyzed higher-order learning which can be visualized with a taxonomy of processing ideas and concepts. The lower order learning skills involve techniques of learning that don't connect new content to known concepts and information. We can skip lower-order learning and go right to higher-order learning, looking at the big picture and the lower-order learning concepts will fill in almost automatically. Higher-order learning sets up an organizational system to allow information to be processed and remembered. The levels of higher-order learning include applying, analyze and evaluating. Apply is interpretation, sketching where the concept fits, analyze is comparing and contrasting other concepts and facts to new information, and evaluate is discriminating which connections between concepts are the most important. Increasing memory tolerance is also important in the encoding process. A key mistake many people make is consuming information individually or committing information into notes prematurely. One consumes information individually if they try learning pieces of information before a higher-order learning organization has been established. This disadvantages one from the start and frequently means reorganization and encoding will be required to learn the concepts. Additionally, we should not commit information into notes before our mind has processed, sorted, and organized the information. This involves asking 2 questions before taking a note: how does this relate to what I learned, how does this fit into the big picture? By emphasizing higher-order learning and working on increasing memory tolerance, we can more effectively encode and learn concepts and information.
@@hiroharro6340 analyze is figuring out what you know and what you dont know. By sorting the information into these two categories, one can foccus on learning what they dont know
This kind of thing never gets discussed in language learning circles but should be discussed, I've tried SRS for my Japanese and it just doesn't stick effectively for me. Immersion is effective and words stick better within the context of the videos I watch, let's players and such. It's rather common for Japanese TH-camrs to put up captions on their videos, it makes associating pronunciation with the kanji much more easily. The SRS don't give this sort of contextual information which makes things not stick for me.
This is amazing. No other youtuber comes close to your expertise when it comes to actually learning information efficiently and effectively. Everyone just regurgitates the same stuff of doing "active recall and spaced repepition". Thank you so much for creating this video.
@@shanonchris6083 This video is mainly to give an idea of how learning works, not the methods that you can use to learn more effectively with the basis of this knowledge. There are other videos i would recommend to you from his channel including "5 things successful students do" and pretty much all of the other videos he makes.
1. Basic principles of encoding Takes 1-3 months at max. Orders of Learning: Higher-order, Lower-order See Bloom's Taxonomy. Create -> Evaluate -> Analyze -> Apply -> Understand -> Remember. Get to higher order as early as possible. 2. Increasing cognitive load tolerance a) If you tend to write lots of notes, get into the habit of holding onto it for a little longer in your head before writing it down. b) Then consume a little bit more information, process this and ask questions like "how does this relate to what I learned?" and "how does this fit into the big picture?" If you're not proficient with higher order learning, this may be overwhelming and lead to excessive confusion. For these cases, start with slightly lower - order learning and work upwards
At the end of the day --- knowledge that is applied is what really matters... So how does one learn ACTUAL skills that are PRACTICAL --- with the same notion of speed and precision from Justin's ENCODING and DEEP PROCESSING techniques for memorizing and understanding LARGE AMOUNTS of information to pass tests and exams??
The way I like to learn: I jump straight to practice problems. Even if I don’t know anything about the subject, being quizzed on a topic automatically reveals to me what is important to know. I immediately begin filling in gaps in my knowledge to help me answer the practice problems. To fill in the gaps I read lecture slides, google stuff, and jot down important points. When I’ve exhausted one set of practice problems, I try to find another set. I like the challenge of trying to answer questions. Just memorizing stuff bores me!!
At the end of the day --- knowledge that is applied is what really matters... So how does one learn ACTUAL skills that are PRACTICAL --- with the same notion of speed and precision from Justin's ENCODING and DEEP PROCESSING techniques for memorizing and understanding LARGE AMOUNTS of information to pass tests and exams??
I'm focusing on writing up the full research report at the moment because there were a surprising number of people that were interested! So that should hopefully be up in a week or so. There are about 400 references to go through so it is taking some time to organise it all. I've previously only had this information collated non-sequentially so putting it into a single... reasonably concise report is proving quite a challenge. Will be done soon though :)
I would love to try this out. However, we need to always remember the context and learning environment students are exposed to. The reason why active recall is widely used is because it's what the education system wants us to do. Tests are more about remembering than connecting, with the exception of problem-solving. Other than that, most of the tests we go through look at how we recall specific terms, definitions, dates, figures, etc. Combine this with a VERY rushed curriculum that feels like you never stop getting new material to read, then you could understand why so many learn so little.
Yes correct, I actually have a literature review on this very aspect. There are many problems with the curriculum, but also remember that I am neck deep in practice. Nothing I teach is only theoretical. If it doesn't produce practically superior outcomes, I'm not interested. My students, using these forms of learning, are achieving 99 and 100% of those same assessments. Why and how? Lots of reasons, but at the VERY LEAST, this saves so much time that they have MORE TIME AVAILABLE to do active recall and spaced repetition, because they fundamentally forget much less. And that's just the bottom-ranked benefit. This works. In real practice. I use it. Thousands of my students use it. Every single one of us goes through this terrible education system that tests on menial bs. And it still works.
Exactly. One of the reasons I don’t want to attend med school. Time, debt, and frustration from wanting to know but no time to integrate. But maybe by the time I qualify, I’ll feel different
@Sarah Hodgins Based on Bloom's taxonomy, the understanding part is closer to the the base of the learning process. And makes us rely more on SRS and active recall. Not saying that you're wrong, I'm just classifying understanding by different metrics. These that Justin have been explaining about.
Don’t build your knowledge on sand. At the base of Bloom’s taxonomy is “define”. It’s only when your definitions have almost mathematical equation precision that you can build on this. If you build on fuzzy definitions all else will be fuzzy above. (Another option is to build concrete analogies and associative thinking. Or to know a word or fact by a concrete example.)
Justin’s idea of focusing on upper levels of thinking is spot on. I apply it consistently with a piece of advice my uni professor once shared to us, and the results are unbelievable! A professor once told us that when reading any given chapter of a topic in a textbook, it is best practice to read the objectives and also the summary of that chapter before diving into its core of the chapter. This triggers the high levels of learning Justin is talking about. It works folks!
5:40 apply+! 6:40 analyse: compare w other ideas 7:00 evaluate: judging/prioritising concepts 7:15 synoptic links 8:20 encoding: higher order learning relating info to each other + the bigger picture! 9:30 how to get the bigger picture without understanding: u cant, but higher order will allow ur brain to get it along the way 10:35 🕐 11:30 12:00 summary 12:40 relations
At the end of the day --- knowledge that is applied is what really matters... So how does one learn ACTUAL skills that are PRACTICAL --- with the same notion of speed and precision from Justin's ENCODING and DEEP PROCESSING techniques for memorizing and understanding LARGE AMOUNTS of information to pass tests and exams??
I’m someone who has always naturally been good at school and testing and you have finally revealed to me why. I am always trying to figure out where a new piece of information fits in with what I already know. And now that I am aware of this, I am excited to deliberately apply this to my ongoing studying!
Very similar experience. I had somehow remembered a lot of the fundamental physics concepts even though I've never did physics previously. It's likely because I spent way too long curiously thinking about it, like when I spent 3 hours just trying to relate the concept of energy, force, and velocity from the equations alone. Now, I know why!
Me too! I used to be an average student, but for some reason I was extremely good at physics. This was a mystery to me and now I finally solved it. Glad to see someone with a similar experience 😄
@@sbz7192 At the time, I would pace around the room until I could relate new knowledge to previous knowledge: energy to forces, circuits to charges, astronomy to energy. However, I think it'd be best if you learn from this youtuber, since I've been trying to apply his methodology in my learning for the past few months and it has been personally doing wonders (your experience wi be different because different people = different pace) I'd start with trying out order control, or priming
At the end of the day --- knowledge that is applied is what really matters... So how does one learn ACTUAL skills that are PRACTICAL --- with the same notion of speed and precision from Justin's ENCODING and DEEP PROCESSING techniques for memorizing and understanding LARGE AMOUNTS of information to pass tests and exams??
Hello, I'm an Artist and I just want to talk about some of the things in this video from the perspective of someone who does creative work, in case anyone wanted to know how these things might work for less "academic" pursuits. One of the main things I was pleased to hear is just how many parallels I could draw from the artist's idea of a "visual library", which is basically what we would call the long-term memory, but for visual stimuli. Character design is something I often get asked about, and there's a lot of reasons why character design is difficult. How do you create something from scratch? So this is where the visual library comes in, because if you have a large visual library, then it shouldn't be difficult to not only come up with ideas, but to compare ideas and even combine ideas that might seem strange at first, and forcing them to belong together in an aesthetically pleasing way. A novice illustrator might ask, "how do I draw X?", well, you need reference. This would essentially be the learning material you encode and use, and one of the neat things about illustration is you typically try to apply what you see as soon as you can, you look at the reference and you attempt to draw it, trying to transfer visual information by your own two hands, and not only that, but applying it to perhaps a new environment or alternative use, like a piece of clothing for a character. For example, and especially for character design, you could say "well, what if the front bumper for this car was a jacket?" and forcing that kind of association in an attempt to marry it into a visually appealing design is probably one of the best things you could do for trying to remember the important aspects of it's design; you pay attention to the details, what aspects of the front bumper are visually interesting enough to keep? which details are sacrificial? what makes these shapes interesting? This kind of thinking not only forces you to make creative decisions, but they are also decisions unique to you that you are trying to justify for the sake of design. This is a ridiculous example, but it's exactly the kind of thinking that is rewarded in something as esoteric in the wider field of illustration as character design. You can't do this without growing your visual library, or at least you wouldn't be able to do it as well as someone who does. Sure, you can draw a camera and learn what a camera looks like, but in the wider context of design, what could the camera also look like? You don't have to compare it to just other cameras, what if the camera was shaped like a bird? how about the colors of an exotic bird, would that look good on a camera? Would this camera be a character's head? Again, these are the sorts of creative visual/mental links that people in visual design fields would come up with despite the objects or references being completely unrelated to each other, and is how design in general expands. One thing I like to remind people who come to me for advice is that "everything is inspired by something", and what I mean by this is that nothing in the world exists that hasn't been seen by human eyes at some point, and while you could say "well this thing doesn't exist" doesn't mean it isn't in some way a mishmash of the totality of every piece of visually inspiring thing the designer had come across throughout their entire lifetime. All of this, in my opinion, very much fits with this idea that taking a concept, reproducing it visually, applying it to your own work in a novel way by combining it with other ideas and therefore creating something new, makes illustration a very hands-on approach as an example of how the information in this video can be directly applied in the real world. Every time you're looking at reference to create something new, means that you are in that higher level of thinking, and the more you do this the more you get better at things, even looking at reference, you eventually begin to understand which design elements are more significant to the aesthetic appeal, and you can be sure that the very best artists and designers will be people who are very good at deconstructing design and reconstituting it as a part of a different, bigger picture. On some level, you could probably replace a lot of the words in this video and it would be very good advice for design students. Thank you for this content.
Effective Encoding (Notes for myself) - Higher order learning (NOTE: GO THROUGH HIGHER ORDER LEARNING, skip lower order learning) Analyzing - Relating a idea to another one or multiple ideas, comparing and contrasting. Seeing the relationship between all of this ideas to each other. Evaluating - How we can judge them, how we can prioritize them. What's the nature of the relationship, how important it is to the big picture. Which = Learning outcome shows are made and parts are synthesised with the overall meaning. To engage higher order learning - create more efficiently encoding, ALWAYS relate info to each other and to the bigger picture - increasing memory tolerance If u tend to write lots of notes, get into the habit of holding on it for a whilein your head before actually writing it down (this is very helpful tbh) Then consume a little more info and ask yourself "how does this relate to what i've learned?" "How does this fit to bugger picture?" Some important keypoints Sung said in this video.
Overall I think your videos are revolutionary- witness me who's turned a 6 hour textbook chapter read into a 2 hour textbook chapter read with 10 times the amount of understanding and retention I previously had. It's a real shame, how other than 2 viral videos, how little exposure Justin's videos have to the public. I cannot put to words the tremendous amount of stress and the unfathomable amount of productivity his videos have brought to my life, and I only wish the same situation to millions of other struggling students scouring youtube for study enlightenment. Its a true miracle that I stumbled upon this channel. I will forever root for the growth of your channel, Justin. You definitely deserve it, and its a real injustice how you don't have the channel attention that you irrefutably deserve.
@@travellingyeti6333It seems the answer comes quite late, but here is one. Use exactly that method. Use priming or pre-study for the book, map out the big and most important concepts (which aren’t necessarily all big overarching chapters) as logical for yourself (following your own logical understanding of it and how you yourself think is the most logical way of understanding something) as possible while creating, modifying, reorganizing your internal framework of understanding of it. Let’s say, you read a mathematics textbook about abstract algebra. Then you would find that groups are a very general form of a set with operations. After understanding that, you immediately will understand how profound and elemental group theory is, which leads to the understanding that everything else in abstract algebra relies on group theory and is just a specification of it. Not all named chapters are the big concepts but if the textbook is good, they usually will be but not all of them are perpendicular. Some will most likely be explained by others, more general concepts and that you can use to evaluate the concepts. I hope that's somewhat helpful. I learned about this channel recently, so my understanding is not going to be deep, although my brain works exactly that way, which might compensate for my lack in knowledge.
After watching this video. I genuinely feel like i owe u a few hundred bucks. Over a few years of trying to improve my study methods (i can absorb quickly but been trying to spend lesser time), I've subconsciously noticed most of the flaws in the popular methods that you highlighted here. So it seems like my soul found what it's been seeking. Great job you did here! 🙌
Simply put. Keep thinking about the information you're trying to learn after the lesson is over. Connect the info. Relate it to something bigger or something in your life. Figure out how to use it and create with it. I think when we create things we have a fundamental understanding of said items and how they "play" with each other.
but when he say connect the info to the bigger bicture. what he is talking about "like a mind maps that i did before the sensory information come in? and because i have that mind maps in my mind i can now connect the info to the bigger bicture? is that how it work ?
Personally, I think it's similar to mindmaps. My understanding of it can be illustrated by the following: suppose you're learning a course, say, physics. After learning a topic in physics, you will then try to understand how what you've learned relates to the other topics in the course, or how it fits in the overall structure of the topics in the course.
I've always struggled with learning, because I start with isolated pieces of information about a given subject and try to mold them into an efficient system for gaining proficiency in said subject. I've quite literally spent hours upon hours trying to understand how to learn so I can fuel my thirst for practical knowledge, which is ironic. So far, the information and insight you've provided is second to none. You've given me a new perspective on how to learn, and for that I thank you. I just subscribed, and I'm looking forward to future content. Keep up the good work!
Same here. I have put off my school stuff because of this frustration. I felt that there is something better and more effective way to learn. Justin Sung coincided with the information (isolated) I gathered. He solved my problems and I finally solved the mystery as to how I did well in my class when I was younger without taking notes and just plainly reading the book. The key was actually encoding. I used to have a high cognitive load tolerance and relate information automatically in my brain but when I reached senior high school, the misconception I have about active recall and spaced repetition interfered with my previous way of learning and I unlearned what was effective in learning.
But I still find it a blessing that I unlearned because it pushed me to be more conscious of my own progress in learning. I hope to also inspire my classmates who are having the same troubles as I.
Seriously you are like the door of light to several student who are told " Once you understand you never forget, you don't understand the concept that is why you are forgetting " Like my parents say that and a doctor said the same to me
a really interesting video breaking out concepts and showing up practical tips that I needed for so long. Thanks for the video, doc! my main takeaways : - try to think in Higher order thinking first, the Lower order thinking (memorization, understanding) will automatically follows - practical HOT way : connect every concept and try to relate it w/ the bigger picture - try to Organize the things you've learned first before taking Notes - don't rely that much on your Notes. Instead, try to learn more without jotting down the things that you've learned - don't take notes blindly (especially linear model) . Figure out how you'd structure your notes first before you write it down - start making Mind Maps for your note taking - practical ways : improve your cognitive load tolerance by reading/watching smth without taking any notes
I remember I had 14 days for upcoming hard test for Saudi Aramco company, and it was about high level of algebra and calculus , so what I did that I took a big board and everything I learn I would make like a mind map and I would just try to connect every concepts with my mind at the end of the day I will do the same on the board, eventually I was able to teach myself all of the lessons in a short amount of time, and did REALLY GREAT in the exam. I just remembered also that I did the comparing and constricting in Geology and got full mark Thank you for the video I will start doing it again
It's exactly what I need!!!! For all these years, I've been just remembering and forgetting, by the time exam strikes, I basically have to study Everything for every subject all over again within a few days. And throw them all away after the exams are finished. I have been wondering how, and what I should do to make what I've learned and remembered to stay in my head. Please upload more videos on encoding, I have feeling it's going to change my life
@@jayaniee how do you apply this in chemistry physics and maths I am having little difficulty to understand from what he said in video like relate to bigger picture and what is bigger picture and how do I analysis and evaluate in maths
I have this feeling of learning faster than the majority of the people around me, but now I have understood how to learn even faster and reach those minority who are always ahead of me. Even more,this explains how now that I am becoming a teacher I am learning even faster things that I had forgotten and how to share this with my students. Thank you very much, Justin!
Justin. This 20min video you made just changed my whole life. It changed how I think and changed my belief in my capabilities of learning. You just freed me from 20+years of being shackled to a wrong thinking. Man, you are living your purpose. Thank you very much! Out of all the videos on improving learning that I watched, yours is the best!
Oh my god. As someone with ADHD that organization monologue under Step 2 just BLEW my mind. Holy shit. Like- you just described the way I learn down to the nittiest grittiest details such as even the way I write my notes- in SECONDS no less. Wow. I am honestly so glad I came across this video because now I'm slowly starting to get glimpses as to why I've always been an effective student without much overt effort on my behalf. I feel like Louise from Arrival- everything is just sort of starting to click into place and I can see why I think the way I do- even for non-academic stuff. In your words; I'm immediately beginning to see the big picture. Just WOW. I know you said this isn't a silver bullet but I totally do feel like Yoda right now, lol.
Omg this is astonishing. I have been overwhelmed with doing active recall because there are too many flashcards and answering questions; oh my god! I literally get so exhausted doing that method. Thank you so much for this it will make studying so much easier for me!
As someone with brain fog and cognitive difficulties, such finding specific words and retaining memory. I learned about active learning which now allows me to remember what I read, words and less confusion in my speech. After, 10 yrs I can fall back in my love of reading. And now encoding! Gives me hope of recovering my IQ level has before. It feels great to find my old brain back and maybe even better. I will definitely be working on the cognitive loading tolerance. Thank you so much for putting time aside to make these videos.
Now, your points in this video does make sense compared to the spaced repetition & Ali Abdaal. As a medical student, it's true that every information is isolated, in consequence during clinical years we unable to apply things that we've learnt during preclinical years. Not having a chance to quickly apply the information & facts, we tend to forget them easily.
I know, old comment, but: Its Not even that different from what Ali Abdaal is saying. Ali Abdaal promotes Interleaving, not taking wordy notes, not taking notes before understanding, breaking down subjects into mindmapes before taking notes at all (That is chunking, mindmapping), using higher level thinking (Doing a lot of mock exams and applying what you learned is exactly that, just very specific to the affiliated Exam). But its still really great seeing videos where these concepts are explicitly mentioned and where the benefits and reasoning for them beeing effective are explained. (Although this is still very abstract and you can feel that it could be a lot more direct with what technique is good to use when and how, but hes saving that part for later videos or his paid content (way more likely)).
I'm applying to med school in may and the entrance exam has a 3% acceptance rate... I have always been a pretty good student but struggled a lot in high school because I was so interested in everything and actually did almost double the amount of courses that was needed. I started watching these videos a few weeks ago in the hopes of improving my study techniques to actually get into med school next year. I am shocked by how much my studying has improved. I can learn twice the amount and I actually understand the thing I studied and I'm able to apply the information instead of just kinda knowing what I'm talking about. I'm really waiting for those subject by subject encoding technique videos!
This should be explained to the children in first grade, this is the thing to start, this would help so many people After this video I got your point, why this is better than active recall and spaced repetition, you don't need to do these two, when you encode with quality, when you use the high order learning techniques When you evaluate for example, you automatically do the ones below evaluate (One of the ones below evaluate is "remember") "Remember" describes active recall for me The remembering part falls away because you encoded with quality, which will benefit the forgetting curve, so no active recall and spaced repition is needed The feynman Method is a good starting point, but when you create, evaluate, analyze you will create a even deeper understanding and connection of the learned information Thank you for the video, this explained the thing I do when I study normally and have 100/100 score, now it makes all sense to me -> To engange high-order learning (Bloom's Taxonomy) and create efficient encoding, we need to relate information to each other and to the bigger picture. (Solo Taxonomy) -> Deep understanding, quality encoding > Active Recall, Spaced Repition
@@levernis5753 I use something that Jordan Peterson said: Read, Think, Write (You can look the video up on TH-cam, only 2 minutes long) Read: You get the information in Think: You think about it, you relate your gathered information with other information you gathered, you look at the bigger picture that forms with all the information you got in (In general: Think about the information, try to deeply understand it): -> Ask yourself questions: -> Examples: Why am I reading this? For what purpose? How I will apply it? How will I simpfly it? -> Summary: you think about the information you gathered Write: Then you take notes, you don't take notes while learning about the topic, you don't take notes during the lecture, you take them afterwards, after the thinking part (Which will trigger active recall, because it are your own words, and it is straight out of your head, not just copied from the lecture or text, so close the book and lecture) (Still remember: Do what works best for you) -> Extra to active recall: Why active recall?: You only know it when you can tell the answer without looking at your documents, that's why just reading your notes won't help you, close the book and then try to tell the answer and explanation (But try to (deeply) understand it before you try to remember stuff, it makes it easier to remember and you need the understanding part when the questions will be similar, not exactly the same or changed in the exam) What is the high order technique? What did I mean with it? How do I use it?: You relate the information to other information, you ask yourself questions, you try to deeply understand the logic behind the topic -> You THINK If you meant the video perspective: Look at 6:55 (Bloom's Taxonomy) -> Create, evaluate, analyze, this ones are seen as "high order", that's what was meant in the video (I summarize the high order ones as thinking about the topic, trying to deeply understand it: look above) Extra: Look at 8:15 (Solo Taxonomy), look at the illustration: You relate the information to each other and the bigger picture (See the connections, overall meaning, etc.) Justin Sung said: Active Recall and Spaced Repition aren't needed when you encode with quality, I would summarize it like that: The deep understanding of the topic will encode the gathered information with quality, so you can skip the active recall and spaced repition. But I think in the moment of understanding something deeply, you automatically use active recall in the process, but you don't need to use it afterwards. (At least it will be less likely that you need to sit down and active recall everything you have learned)
-Encoding is putting information from the working memory aka short term memory into the long term memory -Active Recall is recalling information from your brain
@@levernis5753 Np, just ask, when you have questions, keep in mind that this is just my perspective, I related the video topic, other topics about learning and my experience of good grades to summarize this
Here's an issue that many students struggle with: I'm studying a very technical subject in a top university with people way smarter than me that understand stuff very quickly. So professors explain complex concepts very quickly and it's hard to retain information because, by the time I try to process info by linking it to another concept + the bigger picture, the professor has already moved on to explaining something else. That is why I use wordy notes before unlearning what has been said in the lecture to relearn in a more efficient way (i.e. higher-level learning as you say). Please how would you cope with this situation? I'm sure I'm not the only one facing this issue, as some of my friends told me they use the same strategy, which I find quite inefficient (super time-consuming). As a result, I ended up (i) pulling all-nighters (which turned out to be very VERY unhealthy in a long run) or (ii) not showing up in lectures and learning from textbooks (i.e. not benefiting from interacting with super-smart professors and not building useful connections with them - not the point of going to uni).
@@maximtsai1856 Thanks for your answer. I should've been more precise in my question, my bad. My point is - what is the way to optimize learning efficiency (i.e. retain and understand concepts) during a lecture (i.e. while the professor is speaking)? Of course, one needs to go back home and read or listen to what has been said and then learn more about it, but how can I learn a lot during the lecture to reduce the work at home?
@@salimtlemcani4122 I've experienced this. People tend to get bored when they learn something new. The way to overcome this is to study before lectures. So you've built your own theory (it doesn't matter right or wrong). (e.g. gravity is caused by the devil's pull). What happens is that you don't learn anything new from scratch, but you already have your own theory and then you get hit with the teacher's theory. So, the lesson will be easy to digest. I've heard of this. "Lecture is different from teaching. Teaching is done when teaching from scratch, while lecture is teaching something that has been studied previously" That's all I can help you with
@@salimtlemcani4122 I’d also recommend only writing the main idea/ concepts down (and connecting them in like a mind map of sorts) as your notes since it’s not very hard to search the details up later.
One of the things that I like about this person is that he has his first priority working with students irl which leads to using techniques that are actually working, because theory doesn't always work but when something works with real students your interact with, it's something real.
Just stumbled upon your videos and everything makes sense now. I discovered mind maps when I was 12 and been using them ever since in school, uni and at work. Never in my life had I spent hours and hours studying something, it was always easy to pick up any subject and organize it visually with mind maps, drawing connections and chunking, applying it all in solving real problems. Hopefully more people will discover more efficient ways to learn, so they can spend more time enjoying life .✨🤗
Sounds legit. My sister is in med school and I'm still in highschool, I want to get into med and I asked her how she studies and she says she writes her own questions and answers them in as much detail as she can off by heart and then adds in any missed detail after. Thats all and she memorizes facts.
After watching this video, I immediately tried it by studying some philosophy. The whole "evaluate right away, and analyze, apply, understand, and remember will come naturally" idea suddenly made sense because *it* *worked.* I feel enlightened, stunned, and super excited right now for learning this method. It's hard to describe lol. I also couldn't help but ask: "how come I never thought of this before? It's so true and obvious." For references, I was reading about Socrates' view on death, how it separates the body and soul, how opposites (life and death) come from each other.
6:00 9:34 - we don't need to follow the lower levels of Bloom's taxonomy, we don't need to try remember or to try to understand or even apply anything. Why? This is because when you do the higher levels of the bloom taxonomy then your brain will automatically cover the lower levels on it's own without your intervention 10:27 - focus on the bigger picture, it will make things more organized, because of you do it step by step or do individual pieces of info one after the other it will make things less organized and more confusing since you have to unlearn and reorganize which puts more strain on self 12:33 - don't read something and just write notes on it right away coz you're not letting your brain organize it in relation to other concepts 14: 53 - increase cognitive loads Technique for ⬆️ 16:31 - instead of writing immediately after reading, hold onto the concept a bit longer in your head before writing, then read a bit more and ask questions like "how does this relate to what I learned" and "how does this fit into the big picture"
I was always so impressed by the geniuses in my class who never needed to spend many weeks learning complicated definitions by heart. They just read it once and memorise it. I understand now that they have a very good understanding of the topic in general.
Thank you TH-cam algorithm for showing me this gem out of nowhere and of course you for making this. I just started studying Japanese at my Uni and now that you explained it i could completely relate to that. Im having a hard time finding the right words but essentially in retrospect I have experienced both the high and low level learning by now and high level was vastly superior. But i didn't even realize what i was doing right. This showed me what i have to focus on in order stay in that high level that will actually benefit me. You just gave me the tools to recognize my own behavior and not drift off into worthless time wasting while thinking im actually doing something.
This is kinda depressing. It seems like a hard skill to learn if one is used to being in lower order learning for years and years :( My husband is a higher order learner NATURALLY since he was a kid. I am so in awe of how he does it. Until I watched your videos I just thought he was a genius and now I see the how of that ability discussed in your videos. I hope I can get there sooner than later. Right now it seems a very far fetched thing but I am willing to put in the work...because I understand neuroplasticity.
To be honest, it is challenging. With private coaching, it takes me around 6 to 8 weeks, working with someone intensively multiple times per week. In 2015, it probably would have taken me 6 to 8 months to achieve the same thing. There are literally thousands of permutations and ways to do it wrong and honestly not as many ways to do it right, especially when it comes to cognitive retraining to the point of automaticity. Even for those going through my course, I'd say it takes at least 4 to 6 months of diligent work to become a higher-order learner by default, where it is easier than lower-order learning. And that's with DILIGENT work. I've got students on the course who have been working through it not so seriously and they've improved only by like 10 or 20% after 4 or 5 months. But what i WILL SAY, is that for you, and for ANYONE reading this. It is more achievable than you might think. I'll be honest, doing it alone can potentially take you 10+ years. What I train for my students in 1 or 2 months took me 5 or 6 years to figure out by myself. But I WILL be uploading videos to make this easier and following this advice WILL help you. It will save a lot of time and it will be very very very doable. There is a process to this and when this process is followed carefully, I find that the results are consistent. So don't be demotivated. Yes it will take work, but once it clicks, your growth is exponential. I'll try to make sure the next series of videos coming out help you.
@@JustinSung Thanks for the detailed reply. I am in touch with Archer about getting the coaching. However, I am preparing for my medical boards currently and am not sure if at this time I can commit to putting in the work for this without it taking away from my existing study schedule. I want to learn this for lifelong healthy learning practices. I may have to wait and start the coaching after I am done with the boards in a few months. Your work is amazing and respect for decoding such a hard skill and making it available step by step.
@@JustinSung Yes thank u for detailed reply. I too was demotivated bcz my exam are few 3 months to go (one of the world's toughest exams)...but yes will give my best with application of point u said.And after my JEE journey overs i will take ur course for sure and will become the high order learn by default
It'd be really interesting if you write all this knowledge on a book instead on doing it on youtube. Much less of a headache for everyone and more useful. For sure I'd read it!
Remembering theory without knowing and working on it's application is much hard and complex relative to information with Higher Order Learning, I was used to read always How to learn and will continue, but You've explained it brilliantly and provided us exact roadmap of encoding information in long term memory, Thankyou so much for the Explanation. ;) I'm gonna make a little summary of what I learned to increase my cognitive load tolerance, Topic covered 1:43 1. Basic Principles of How to do encode anything. 3:00 Types of Learning order Higher Learning Order (M. Imp) Lower Learning Order Framework 1 4:04 Bloom's Taxonomy HLO - Most Important Create 6:58 Evaluate 6:22 Analyse LLO Apply Understand Remembering Framework 2 8:12 SOLO (Structure of Observed Learning Outcome) taxonomy Pre structural Uni structural Multi structural Relational _M. Imp_ Extended Abstract _M. Imp_ Try to work on Relational and Extended Abstract to store the information in long term 9:24 Your objective must be do the Higher Order Thinking as early as possible , your brain will automatically fill in lower order of thinking. Higher order thinking also makes the information organised in brain for long term. So the information organised to begin with. 14:43 2.Increase Coginitive load tolerance Challenge yourself to recognize more and more every time you consume information (10-15 -30 - 60min). That's why I'm also making this summary to test my own tolerance. and also Instead of taking notes( that's mostly linear) , consume little bit more and Question 1. How do this relate to what I learned? 2. How does this fit into the big picture? In case you can't proefficient with Higher order learning, Ask How can I apply this ? Improving cognitive load tolerance is the fundamental skill to use any other learning skill to go with. "Hold in the bucket!"
i just started doing this which has been working really well so far (in high school), just after i went through a topic, for example in physics, i tried to simulate and understand why the equations make sense and all that (because i naturally am curious, but tbh, my encoding is a little slow), and then jump on to the questions. when i couldnt do it, i went back to understand what i missed, and figured out what i had previously thought was either incomplete, or partially wrong, so i corrected it and tried to explain it to myself like i would to a child. i found out what most students suffer with is making sense of what theyve learnt in general (aka relating the concepts to the bigger picture) . i did realise some flaws in how i am learning (for example, wasting too much time in taking notes and stuff) which i am currently trying to change. your video helped me a lot, thanks!
@@contradictions1624 well, it basically means making sense of it amongst all the other things you know, and seeing how the thing you just learned works with the other things youve learnt
I can't believe something. One time I tried using this method in 10th grade without even knowing this technique existed. This was for a math class, and I skipped the memorization and understanding part. I tried solving it along the way and it really helped to remember and understand the problem. It was until I was told otherwise that it wasnt effective and I needed to study another way. I've been failing ever since most classes but now I'm ready to take control of my academic success and in the work force. Justin, you've served as a big reassurance to me that I'm not stupid. I'm taking your course soon, I couldn't thank u enough. I will try to update before the new school year and grades to see how much I've changed to motivate others. 2021 senior high school: Stats- 67% English 101- 70%
I hope you will elaborate on specific techniques of "higher learning", because "Faynman technique" or flascards are easy to implement (so we can use active recall almost immediately). Its really interesting that there are even more efficient methods. But I am still confused how can I do "applying, evaluating etc." while studying content for the frist time. For now I am bewildered xd. Looking forward to your next video!
That's my question as well. I wish in the coming videos he'd be a little more specific on how to analyze and evaluate stuff when we are studying it for the first time and have no idea on what to compare it with.
I think it is interesting because this really shines in courses like physics and math at the highschool level. When we compare to like bio and chem their are often times easy to understand structures to active recall itself acts as a way to understand information. And I would argue active recall done properly woth the roght questions lead to higher level learning
Hi Dr Justin , I come here after a recommendation from a friend and The informations you mentioned makes a lot of sense, I'm starting this journey of improving my learning with you , and Thanks beforehand... I believe it will be good experience for me. ❤
Hi, I have a quick question about this - Im a med student from Germany in my second year now. How can you really integrate this technique in subjects like Anatomy, e.g. muscles. When we have to learn like every muscle, and from where to where they go and what nerve innervates them. Thanks for the answers!
Yes!! This is what I wanna know. How does this apply to subjects that naturally are just memorization for the sake of knowing the parts and structures 🥲
I see it like this: The human body functions as an integrated unit. The parts in the body are there for a reason and they function in conjuntion with other body parts. Also, you can look for the meaning roots of the names given to different parts of the body or who gave them that name and why.
There is a difference between facts and concepts. Memorisation is an inevitable part of learning facts (like in anatomy). That’s when you should use mnemonics and things to help. You can also look at the facts stuff from values perspective so why is that muscle important, what can it do, common issues with it, stretches you can do to feel it in your own body. Basically anyway you can find to add it to multiple memory “shelves” in your head. But yeah, sometimes memorisation is part of the picture and in those cases you have to do more spaced recall.
Hey, bin „erst“ 10. Klasse und hab daher Probleme zu verstehen, was er mit codieren meint, denn im Internet finde ich nur Definitionen von der Informatik :/ . Wär mega lieb, wenn du mir dabei kurz helfen könntest
What I always love about these types of videos, is that people in the comments (myself included) always like to immediately apply the topics. Jumping off the spaced repetition and active recall video, I think an ideal way to think about this all is as so: 1. Spaced repetition is a wire frame to hang your studying on. It isn't so much a study method, but a scheduler to help identify when to study what (Ali Abdaal has an excellent video on his retrospective revision method for doing this outside of programs like Anki which use formulas to space out information). 2. During a study session, you want to use some form of active recall to optimize cognitive load. 3. We can further optimize our choice of active recall and tolerance to cognitive load. 3.-a. ALWAYS try to link to other ideas (the more connection, ideas, and "distance" between ideas, the better) 3.a. To optimize active recall, choose the highest-order learning technique you can with Bloom's taxonomy (create -> evaluate -> analyze -> apply -> understand -> remember); if a level is overly confusing, go back down to a lower level-this is learning, not a competition. 3.b. To increase tolerance to cognitive load, incrementally overload your brain's capacity. Read just a little more than you normally would and link back to previous information, wait a little longer to take the next note and link back to previous information. I would add a few things to the method, notably the usefulness of wrote memorization. Often, the process of identifying connections, especially broader connections can take longer than your working memory can hold onto new information (and may actually force information out of working memory as you try to also remember the connection). Having a wrote memorization of (especially previous) topics can help decrease the threat of losing what you were trying to remember, needing to go back, and rinsing and repeating until misery. Take, for example, math. When you are learning integrals, you will probably do a lot of practice problems and it can be extremely beneficial to know and use your trig identities to help in these. Unfortunately, these identities usually aren't properly proven for a solid grasp until far, far later in your math education because of the inherent complexity associated with them. This is the perfect time to have your trig identities in wrote memorization to help you create the connections within calculus. Also, there are very frequently times where you just have to memorize something because you have to memorize it and there just isn't much you can do for higher-order learning until later (e.g. the meanings of safety symbols in a lab will always be introduced before you actually see them in the context of an actual lab). You can try to come up with some higher order questions like "What symbols would be used in a lab with lasers?" but that can be very difficult if you don't know yet what a laser is, let alone a lab using them.
I have been through many TH-cam channels but what I see in all those is just "spaced repetition" or "understand it and you'll never forget" Justin, you are really helping thousands of students like me. Keep making videos ❤
Man,I sort of already suspected that the encoding part is an important part in the learning process,but I never really actively put my focus on that part. Now I wish I had known this earlier! Thanks man!
I wish I found your channel earlier. You’re amazing. I’ve just about started year 13 of school in the UK (18 years old) and it is great that I can start employing all this and the upcoming advice now. I’m aspiring to become a medical doctor like yourself!!
I've always thought that understanding is far more efficient and satisfying than regurgitating what you memorized because I've noticed that it takes a lot longer to forget it, so when I'm learning something, I usually try to understand it and then contrast it with seemingly related ideas to force myself to have a sense of clarity about the subject. And funnily, I do that out of either curiosity or fear of being challenged in a conversation and embarrassing myself when discussing it, but I haven't delved into it anywhere near the level of depth you have, so it was rather eye-opening to hear someone elaborate on that more professionally. I'm eager to know more about this!
The use of Luhmann Slip-Box for notes is a must. The relations to the other notes and the bigger picture occurs in a very organic way; almost an easy one! Highly recommended.
Would you please consider numbering all of your videos so they will be easier to access and remember? They could also be put in a table arranged by video #, followed by the title of the video and note also if there is a particular order in which they should best be watched. I both enjoy and benefit from your videos. Your videos are great! I appreciate all of your time and effort preparing the videos. Thank you so very much.
Just a suggestion. When you say "find the relationship between concepts", or statements such as the previous, please, add a concrete example. For example after saying: find the relationship between concepts", say something like "a dog and a cat are animals and the relationship is that both are mamals" thats a concrete example that helps people like me to understand better.
After reflecting upon a number of your videos on these ideas, I feel motivated to comment that the emphasis on jumping to higher levels of learning and relating new information of already established might be summed up, or related to the idea of HOT (hands-on training), lab work, or experimentation. When new ideas are turned into activity, one relates them to self and previous experience. In language learning: rather that memorize new vocabulary by rote, practice and use practical phrases. In art, practice a new technique by expanding on already known techniques. In more abstract, and difficult skills (physics, medicine ) the challenge of the educators is to prepare lab work that will facilitate this process for the newer learners. Thanks, Justin, for your excellent presentations that have helped me to appreciate this aspect of learning and training more deeply.
Just a tip... sometimes the music can be overwhelming and put itself "in front" of your voice and it gets kind of hard to listen and focus. Keep up the good work!
I just realized that in the suggested videos, your videos and Ali Abdaal’s videos are the only ones being suggested. Lol. My “higher level” cognitive system starts to question “Hm… What do these videos connect to one another? What is the big picture here?” Your videos are great, btw. Please keep them coming.
Realise this is the first of a series but spaced repetition is useful for allowing your brain to find the associations and connections making further connections when you review. When used with techniques like mind mapping.
1. Focus on higher order of learning -> clear organisational structure in your brain. You know how the information fits into your framework. You can simplify it to a 5 year old. Seconds upon exposure is the time for you to encode it into your long term memory. Applying, Analysing and Evaluating - How can I use this? How does this work? Is this important? Notes should help you think, not help you avoid thinking 2. If you do higher order thinking first, the lower order thinking (memorization, understanding) will automatically follow 3. Train cognitive load tolerance overtime - reading/watching smth without taking any notes. Figure out how you'd structure your notes first before you write it down
you are literally saying everything that I feel!! This is why school is so annoying because we are learning backwards🙄 I need to see the goal so that I can connect and piece it together like reverse engineering.
Wow I never thought looking at the big picture and relating things to each other was actually a study method. It’s really really effective the few times I’ve actually tried it (I only tend to do this when I’m really interested in a topic/subject). I am so lucky I found your channel a few days ago. This is the second video of yours that I’m watching and I right away clicked the subscribe button. Never have I done that before! Blooms taxonomy is an amazing educational structure! Higher order learning feels really really good; it’s like something actually clicks and has filled the space of a mystery rather meaningfully. But I’ll keep the advice of actually holding onto and analysing information for a longer time into mind; it makes you understand the dynamics of the big picture and you will have so many questions that would be left unanswered! The feynmann technique works really well here. If you somehow get how the whole thing works, innovation and application come as an easy thing. Thank you so so much for all this valuable knowledge! You are awesome! ❤️
This gave me some insight into my method of learning. The result - My encoding has been incomplete so far. I do the first 5 steps perfectly but then the practice and revision times are messy and all over the place. You also said that route memorization isn't everything and incomplete, but I rarely couple these 2 and that kills my chemistry - although I understand it all. As of now, I'm making a lot of mind maps, which takes me 1/2 an hour to 45 minutes each, and giving a lot of tests. The processes I'll start doing - Analysis, route memorization, practice and recall.
8:44 video starts 10:00 higher order thinking Dont isolate information....relate it to bigger picture 12:30 take notes not at the moment of reading first time 15:41 linear notes is not good 16:16 what to practice to increase cognitive load and better notes 17:15 expansion of mind for learning 18:50 video ends
Hi, I'm just a regular mom of twin boys on the Autism Spectrum, in order to help them I cam up with these steps that also help to easy into what might seem a hard subject. Step 1) Search for a Video / Documentary / Fact based Movie / Lecture/ Visit a Museum .. Do something that introduces the new concept to you in a Audio / visual form., make sure this form answers most of the WHEN/WHERE/HOW /WHY ect.. questions. Step 2) Rapid Read/ Speed read the chapter you are about to study..look a diagrams..headings..bold words..anything that stands out. If the chapter has a Questions /Test yourself section at its end..read those questions..It will give you an insight of things that are important. Step 3) Go back to the start of the chapter and READ.. now when you read..you must also observe what some would consider a ' Negative Space" in the sentence.. most people would read and only pay attention to a sentence like this < the process by which green PLANTS and some other organisms use SUNLIGHT to synthesize NUTRIENTS from CARBON DIOXIDE and WATER. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment CHLOROPHYLL and generates OXYGEN as a by-product>..now most dont ask themselves " Why green pigment?", "what other organisms?"..this is what I call negative space, you dont have to delve deep into them ..but do read further..there might be connections with things you already know. Step 4) If you can rapid / regular read the next chapter before you go to class..you will already be a step ahead, you will interact better with the lesson and be able to ask questions and clear doubts in class with the teacher and might even spark a discussion in class and have input of what others know that you might not.
So I have friends who are really good at remembering stuff and when we read together I noticed I have a better understanding of the concepts, comparing and applying but I still don't remember during exams and these guys don't forget anything even if they cannot explain it It makes me feel like they're just naturally smarter or have better memory than I do or maybe I just don't have good recall cause I during exams I understand this thing and I know what it does but I can't just recall the definition or the exact things it does and I can explain it in layman terms or simple words but then I will be marked down... I don't quiet know if I explained it properly... I want to try to implement active recall see it that helps my recall, then do analysis more often I will be on the look out for more videos Unfortunately I have less than a year in school left and I am pretty much already disappointed in my GPA but I know I have a lot more ahead of me Thanks you
I actually find it quite fun travelling trough my brain trying to find puzzles that resemble concepts, boxes for them and groups of boxes. It's like being in a jungle, with houses that you need to provide Internet to. Where should I place the server? What houses should I connect? Which of those really need it most? Where do I get the Internet in the first place? The more houses you connect in a meaningful way, the better the information is stored and doesn't need much reorganisation afterwards. It's like trying to find the most similar patterns to a concept, instead of just trying to memorise the whole pattern at once. The more patterns resemble the concept you wanna learn the better you actually know the concept. Such a beautiful and really logical (how people actually learn, children are the masters of that-they learn how everything connects to everything instead of trying to learn what a cup is and moving on), I'm so mad I didn't figure it out sooner. Thank you for providing that info for free.
Just chiming in to say this series and channel is highly appreciated! So far this has been the most helpful and well-explained framework ive come across on YT in regards to effective study. The concepts of encoding vs recall and its sustainability and limitations really resonated. Only from watching this did I realize that I was doing the “relate it to other things and the bigger picture”. Your note that it is more mentally taxing also helps me feel less guilty lol I used to wonder why it was easier to do recall techniques like rewriting notes or creating passive study guides for longer periods of time, but when going thru concepts and how they relate to previously studied subjects, i would tire out faster… despite feeling like the latter took more time and was slow going, it really helped cement concepts in my mind. Even the other vids talking abt delayed note taking increasing cognitive load- i could clearly recall this happening in certain classes before but never realized it was an actual study technique. This whole series will help anyone who wants to be more deliberate with effective study going forward. You deserve way more subs! It must be challenging to share what must be years of deep study and experience on this platform but just wanted to thank you all the same! been looking for videos on effective learning with more depth than just the usual “turn off notifications” type of aesthetic vlogger vid, so this has been really helpful
I am studying intermediate to upper level French. Rather than writing lists of sentences that demonstrate the many uses of FAIRE (to make), I am going to read all of them in a dictionary entry and then think hard about the inner connections of usage. Since I already understand grammar, at least as a non-linguistics person, I will study the entry to create useful mind maps before going for detail. Thanks.
Thanks for the video. I’m a medical student having trouble and frustration with spaced repetition / Anki. Am looking forward to your next videos. Please keep it up!!
I know you have course about this effective memorising technique but please continue doing this free videos on TH-cam. Do not worry they are not long - the longer the better and of course you make the video for free so do not worry how much time it would take or whatever it is do not worry because many students here will encourage you and say bravo to you. And also of course THANK YOU. I am subscribing right now
I think we should see how our mind works. My advice to those that seek to study better would be: Find similarity and difference between things, simplify terminologies using simple words or a map of simple words.. You should memorize. It is a kind of paradox but understanding cannot come without memorizing, and memorizing cannot come without understanding. Each subject is different, and your approach to how much you memorize and how much you should understand should be different. Without memorizing the name of human biology you will not be able to understand much in medical study( books or research). So you start with memorizing things, when understanding is required you will not spend time in memorizing. In math, you start with seeing the whole picture then see the connection between several things, then you go in detail and use formula to describe things ( understand then memorize) which is the opposite to medical study in which knowing beforehand of all body parts and internal organs help a medical student to focus on understanding how our body work.
So turns out teachers were telling me how I should learn the wrong way, I started off not even writing any notes because I was lazy and saw it as a waste of time unless I needed to read information later or I was forced to. I didn't listen to what the teachers had to say about learning until later, but I realized that I had already figured out what works best for me when it comes to learning. I need to work on backtracking and going back to the method of learning that worked better for me now because what the teachers have told me to do multiple times sort of created new habits for me. Obviously this type of learning doesn't work well for me when it comes to learning really bulky things like languages. This video honestly is quite helpful, thank you. This was sort of an eye opener to make me real. Active recall and spaced repetition only really works if you need to memorize the exact wording for certain things and quotes, but besides that I'd say this technique of leaving everything in your head for longer works, but I usually didn't write any of the things I kept in my head, which isn't really useful either. So I'd say it's like a balance of writing things down and also keeping them in your head.
I know people say that you're videos are toi long but i personnally don't think like that. If you think that you have that much info to tell us and that it takes you 20 min then it will . Anyways thank you so much for this
I’m new to this technique and am in S4 (3 years till higher education in Scotland) and I tried to properly understand the concepts in relation to why and the bigger picture towards the course, I did this in a few subjects and I still haven’t forgotten it after not even entering that classroom again. I am truly fascinated.
@@lekhrambarman6877 Imagine you're working on a puzzle. Each piece of the puzzle represents a small part of the whole picture. But to complete the puzzle, you need to step back and look at the entire picture on the box. The big picture is like that. It's when you zoom out and see the whole thing instead of just focusing on the individual puzzle pieces. It helps you understand how everything fits together and the main ideas behind it. For example, let's say you're studying a historical event like World War II. Looking at the big picture means understanding why the war started, the countries involved, and the major events that took place. It helps you see the overall story and the important factors that shaped the outcome. When you consider the big picture, you can see how different pieces connect and affect each other. It's like looking at a map instead of just one street. You can understand how all the streets lead to different places and how they are connected. Having a big picture perspective can be useful in many areas of life. It helps you make better decisions by considering the larger context and long-term consequences. It also helps you understand complex topics by seeing the main ideas and relationships between them. So, the big picture is about stepping back, seeing the whole picture, and understanding how everything fits together. It's like looking at the puzzle box to understand how the pieces form the complete picture.
I want to learn this way of learning for myself, but I mainly want to be able to teach this way of learning to my students. I showed one of your mind mapping videos to my son, who is in Physical Therapy school and he started learning on a deeper level just from that one video. Wow. I’m really impressed with you smart people!🤓
Teaching this way of learning to students is a WHOLE new can of worms to unpack. There are sooooooo many different factors that influence it. It took me a solid 7 or 8 years working with at least 2000 or so students to feel like I really started getting it simple enough that my results were consistent. This is my 10th year and I'm still constantly learning.
@@JustinSung okay maybe I’ll just stick to learning it for myself. Thanks for the information. I do look forward to more videos regarding this learning!
No wonder it makes so much sense for me when i answer problem sets first before actually trying to understand the topic. Or i use the activities and quizes to learn instead of using the learning materials step by step by going to those learning materials where I need it in the activity or quiz and kinda just figure things out. I've honestly always done this automatically aparently because of my ADHD as I tend to never do things in procedure, but I've always been guilty for doing so because i was always so worried that id miss something because I didnt study the material first or took notes and summarised that info or something. Honestly this video just flipped a switch in my brain and made me change my mindset about the way i always feel like im supposed to study. Thank you.
Can you give more concrete examples? While this content is really good, you should also give contexts on how and where to use these techniques. Thank you so much!
Each time I watch your videos I find a new problem in my learning process I'm trying to fix them but It hits different when I find out that I waste time again. Thanks for your great videos
I appreciate these videos, but similar to your previous channel, you’re sometimes vague with your examples and how to apply these points. I look forward to your next upload having finished the video and read the description. I understand why you’re not offering any examples - there are various methods, however, that shouldn’t discount the value of offering at least one example to build on. I guess it’s also why strategies like spaced repetition and active recall are so popular. They’re easy to understand with a 2-minute video, making it effortless to include in one’s workflow.
@@toby2120 I know what you’re talking about. He brings up some good points like relating information to your already existing pool of knowledge and the logical flow that mindmaps should follow on his “study with me” videos, but doesn’t really expand beyond that. He even states that said videos aren’t meant to serve as an explicit how-to. What is so difficult to simply list what is considered as good practice and demonstrate to me in actionable terms what I could do to become better at it? I even tried searching up on what other people thought of his courses or videos and there only seems to be one forum discussion on Reddit that isn’t exactly glowing with positive opinions.
@@rubberduck5837 i know like everything he talks about feels like something i have been doing mostly in my unconscious. But i worry that he is trying to just yk sell the course
@@toby2120 It feels like we're both getting the nervous version of the vibe that says "I'm gonna tease you with this course without explicitly selling you my courses ;)" Just wish he could contextualize those examples of his in a not so vague way, but at the same time, I'd understand that we're "supposed to apply the techniques ourselves" to get a "mind blowing discovery" moment so that it sinks in. At the very least, he could just guide us along with a typical set of knowledge that shows us how the techniques could be used so we know the mechanics of HOW it can be used.
I know you have future videos coming, but I’d love to hear an example of how this might relate to language learning. Anki/SRS and active recall seem to be the “gold standard” right now for that…
You might be interested in "Refold". It's a completely free language learning methodology where you focus on input and spending time in the target language first (learning basic vocab and grammar to be able to do that ofc), before actually trying to memorise/build vocabulary for your area of interest
Thank you so much, I'm 31 years old. I've through various study methods. now I'm software developer. self learning is a part of our job now a days since technology is getting updated each day. When I learn something by myself I go through these tiers of analyzing and organizing the knowledge. What I'm saying is that I know I was doing something better than my school days and your video sort of explained what I did right. and it's always better to know what works better and the reason of it. I think learning something to teach somebody else will sort of move us to the upper level of encoding (the pyramid). what you say? Anyway thank you so much for the content. keep up the good work.
I'd love to learn more about how to apply this to foreign language learning. I've been able to retain grammar really easily but vocabulary has always been such a struggle.
I would be interested in that, too. I am trying to learn Japanese, where I have to look up the kanji and the meaning of the words.. 😅 What I found kind of helpful so far is: - Using interesting content. Change something, if you start to get bored. (Our brain learns best when we find things interesting and are having fun. This is also why children are learning so well. They find everything interesting and stimulating. Source: brain scientist) - Using “big” sources like books or games instead of short stories, because the words you read before are more likely to appear again in another context. - Prepare a document: write all the unknown words below their counterparts. Then listen to the text while reading, and look at the new words in your own language while listening to them in your target language. Take your time, pause as often as needed. Think about it and continue until you don’t need your document anymore. Keep listening. (Part of the Birkenbihl Method) I would also recommend you to watch videos by Steve Kaufmann about language learning. 😊
This 20 minute video took me about an hour to get through, but I'm okay with that. I was trying to really encode this information properly. I realized that I am SO prone to just transcribing what I see and read. Even at the start of this video, I was transcribing, but at the point where you discussed increasing your cognitive load threshold, I took my fingers off the keyboard and just listened. It was uncomfortable -- I now realize I've been hurting myself by avoiding this discomfort! Thank you for this video, I look forward to watching everything else on your channel!
It would be more helping if you could cut off the 20 minute time to part 1,part 2 and give timestamps and then examples and stuff . I think that's the reason why a great TH-camr like you is underrated cuz people won't watch these 20 minutes without knowing what they're gonna get the first 4 minutes of this video was just beating around the bush. I will watch a video that is 10 minutes long which has different parts which also makes some sense to the contents rather than just saying them all . love your videos 😍 this is not hate . Just my option Awesome content as usual 💖👍
According to Justin's strategy about jumping in to Lv.5, 1. Is it possible to jump in Lv.6 directly and my brain would get those things wired up during the process? 2. For example, I am learning a new software to make an app I have thought of, would it possibly get better efficiency and learning if I start at level 6 - create ? If there is any misunderstanding to the concepts, please point out, much thanks :)
I really hate notes and I'm bad at taking them so that's a big advantage of for me learning about encoding, I generally don't need to take notes anyways, anyone else hate taking notes and would rather memorize it by ear/reading first hand?
I am a foreign language learner and teacher. I totally agree that spaced repetition is basically a nuisance. I can predict much more accurately when I want to review a new word than an algorithm that averages other people's results. But fixing the bucket seems much more direct. My question is that in studying language there tens of thousands of low-level units to learn. In languages like Japanese there are also symbols with multiple readings and unrelated meanings. To arrive at the automaticity of English at one encounter seems like quite a leap. Some subjects like science lend themselves to hierarchies and groupings. Such relationships in language are usually explained through grammar which are rules with no wider application than sets of other words and which often have exceptions for no logical reason. I studied Spanish and after years of daily use I was able to "internalize" the language so that translation dropped away and I was able to learn words the way I learn in English. When I speak Spanish it's like changing my Operating System, not just mastering a body of knowledge. In Japanese, no cognates, different word order, often a different perspective of causation. I'm sure you've encountered the "language barrier" yourself or with students. Do you have a youtube on how to build study habits for language learning?
Listen... you're my favorite content creator at this point. I appreciate your realistic way and easy-to-understand language to pass on your knowledge on us. Thank you!
Has anyone here tried the icanstudy course? I cant find any independent reviews online Hi Justin, I'm also a doctor studying for specialty exams. whilst I agree with the concept these videos cover, they tend to be long winded and do not actually teach /how/ to achieve things. I understand you cant put everything on youtube as free content, but I want to know if the course will teach the how. Thanks!
I used to do this when I was younger subconciously but when i grew up i suddenly just fell in with rot learning now i know how to reconnect to that study technique thank u for going in depth...so glad that I found this channel
I can't believe that youre giving out this stuff for absolutely free! Just a quick suggestion maybe you can make the bigger videos like this into smaller ones in order to reach more people.
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Is this work to studying for usmle exams
How we should make a proper start for theses strategies because our study technique are so different what important steps we should take?
How do build actual learning habit so that we can maintain self study as well academic studies because l am confused by the academic teaching methods they are totally different and they demand very different kind of hard work so please simplify this that which one l should follow academy or these technique
I'm a physics PhD student, but if you cannot do this, you just would not survive doing physics. The professors are typically experts in what they are teaching, and you would notice that they are trying to build the big picture for you during class. At this point, I have not taken any notes in over 2-3 years, and I just listen to professor and try to understand the map that the professors are trying to create for you.
Then, I typically just jump straight into homework, and try to do it. At this point, you notice that you are missing part of the big picture and cannot answer questions, so you go back to textbook/lecture notes to fill in that gap. 9 times out of 10 you still have significant holes or missing connections between the patches of understanding/knowledge you have, so go to the office hour and ask for help from your professor to connect the dots.
Added benefit is that you get close to your professors so you already got your recommendation letter set if you ever need one.
This method really helps because going to class is really easy, you just sit there and listen, so you have a lot of energy left at the end of the day to tackle the homework with full attention.
I went into physics having absolutely no idea how to study any of it. It was a nightmare. I wasted so much time trying to break down topics instead of just practicing. The effing. Problems!
Sick! I’m thinking of majoring in physics after finishing highschool
@@juliusphua2447 Best advise I can give you is really to just work on Homework a class earlier, and don’t waste time reading textbook. Just jump into practice problems.
Take full advantage of office hour
@@haruhidaso Right. The thought processes are still fresh in your mind. Yeah I agree with the textbook part, my highschool physics textbook was kinda useless.
Good advice thanks!
Summary:
In this video, Sung broke down the two steps to effective encoding: higher-order learning and increasing memory tolerance. First, we analyzed higher-order learning which can be visualized with a taxonomy of processing ideas and concepts. The lower order learning skills involve techniques of learning that don't connect new content to known concepts and information. We can skip lower-order learning and go right to higher-order learning, looking at the big picture and the lower-order learning concepts will fill in almost automatically. Higher-order learning sets up an organizational system to allow information to be processed and remembered. The levels of higher-order learning include applying, analyze and evaluating. Apply is interpretation, sketching where the concept fits, analyze is comparing and contrasting other concepts and facts to new information, and evaluate is discriminating which connections between concepts are the most important.
Increasing memory tolerance is also important in the encoding process. A key mistake many people make is consuming information individually or committing information into notes prematurely. One consumes information individually if they try learning pieces of information before a higher-order learning organization has been established. This disadvantages one from the start and frequently means reorganization and encoding will be required to learn the concepts. Additionally, we should not commit information into notes before our mind has processed, sorted, and organized the information. This involves asking 2 questions before taking a note: how does this relate to what I learned, how does this fit into the big picture?
By emphasizing higher-order learning and working on increasing memory tolerance, we can more effectively encode and learn concepts and information.
I do feel like you've just compiled the whole video into a neat and nice summary. Thanks for that. Nonetheless I'll watch the video, of course.
How to "apply" in bloom's taxonomy or can skip to analyze, if so how should I analyze ? (sorry for my bad eng)
@@hiroharro6340 analyze is figuring out what you know and what you dont know. By sorting the information into these two categories, one can foccus on learning what they dont know
This kind of thing never gets discussed in language learning circles but should be discussed, I've tried SRS for my Japanese and it just doesn't stick effectively for me. Immersion is effective and words stick better within the context of the videos I watch, let's players and such.
It's rather common for Japanese TH-camrs to put up captions on their videos, it makes associating pronunciation with the kanji much more easily. The SRS don't give this sort of contextual information which makes things not stick for me.
Thank you so much for the time to write the summary. 👍👍👍
This is amazing. No other youtuber comes close to your expertise when it comes to actually learning information efficiently and effectively. Everyone just regurgitates the same stuff of doing "active recall and spaced repepition". Thank you so much for creating this video.
Wow, thank you!
That's exactly what I was thinking
SAME
could you please elaborate it for me
@@shanonchris6083 This video is mainly to give an idea of how learning works, not the methods that you can use to learn more effectively with the basis of this knowledge.
There are other videos i would recommend to you from his channel including "5 things successful students do" and pretty much all of the other videos he makes.
1. Basic principles of encoding
Takes 1-3 months at max.
Orders of Learning: Higher-order, Lower-order
See Bloom's Taxonomy. Create -> Evaluate -> Analyze -> Apply -> Understand -> Remember. Get to higher order as early as possible.
2. Increasing cognitive load tolerance
a) If you tend to write lots of notes, get into the habit of holding onto it for a little longer in your head before writing it down.
b) Then consume a little bit more information, process this and ask questions like "how does this relate to what I learned?" and "how does this fit into the big picture?"
If you're not proficient with higher order learning, this may be overwhelming and lead to excessive confusion. For these cases, start with slightly lower - order learning and work upwards
At the end of the day --- knowledge that is applied is what really matters...
So how does one learn ACTUAL skills that are PRACTICAL --- with the same notion of speed and precision from Justin's ENCODING and DEEP PROCESSING techniques for memorizing and understanding LARGE AMOUNTS of information to pass tests and exams??
The way I like to learn:
I jump straight to practice problems. Even if I don’t know anything about the subject, being quizzed on a topic automatically reveals to me what is important to know. I immediately begin filling in gaps in my knowledge to help me answer the practice problems. To fill in the gaps I read lecture slides, google stuff, and jot down important points. When I’ve exhausted one set of practice problems, I try to find another set. I like the challenge of trying to answer questions. Just memorizing stuff bores me!!
Thanks!
Actually YES
this works absolutely well for me
Quizzes and problems excite me a lot. Thanks btw
This makes so much sensee🎉 thanks for sharing 😊
What exactly does he mean by big picture?
At the end of the day --- knowledge that is applied is what really matters...
So how does one learn ACTUAL skills that are PRACTICAL --- with the same notion of speed and precision from Justin's ENCODING and DEEP PROCESSING techniques for memorizing and understanding LARGE AMOUNTS of information to pass tests and exams??
I'm focusing on writing up the full research report at the moment because there were a surprising number of people that were interested! So that should hopefully be up in a week or so. There are about 400 references to go through so it is taking some time to organise it all. I've previously only had this information collated non-sequentially so putting it into a single... reasonably concise report is proving quite a challenge. Will be done soon though :)
Thank you for doing the work to help us become more effective learners. You’re the bomb!
Alright I would trully appreciate it
You could hire someone to help you out seems like a a lot of research to get through damn
Can't wait for the paper! Thank you so much
I'm looking forward !
I would love to try this out. However, we need to always remember the context and learning environment students are exposed to. The reason why active recall is widely used is because it's what the education system wants us to do. Tests are more about remembering than connecting, with the exception of problem-solving. Other than that, most of the tests we go through look at how we recall specific terms, definitions, dates, figures, etc. Combine this with a VERY rushed curriculum that feels like you never stop getting new material to read, then you could understand why so many learn so little.
Yes correct, I actually have a literature review on this very aspect. There are many problems with the curriculum, but also remember that I am neck deep in practice. Nothing I teach is only theoretical. If it doesn't produce practically superior outcomes, I'm not interested. My students, using these forms of learning, are achieving 99 and 100% of those same assessments. Why and how?
Lots of reasons, but at the VERY LEAST, this saves so much time that they have MORE TIME AVAILABLE to do active recall and spaced repetition, because they fundamentally forget much less. And that's just the bottom-ranked benefit.
This works. In real practice. I use it. Thousands of my students use it. Every single one of us goes through this terrible education system that tests on menial bs. And it still works.
@@JustinSung Will be looking forward to your videos 🤗
Exactly. One of the reasons I don’t want to attend med school. Time, debt, and frustration from wanting to know but no time to integrate.
But maybe by the time I qualify, I’ll feel different
@Sarah Hodgins Based on Bloom's taxonomy, the understanding part is closer to the the base of the learning process. And makes us rely more on SRS and active recall.
Not saying that you're wrong, I'm just classifying understanding by different metrics. These that Justin have been explaining about.
@Sarah Hodgins verbal, written, seems better with video
Don’t build your knowledge on sand. At the base of Bloom’s taxonomy is “define”. It’s only when your definitions have almost mathematical equation precision that you can build on this. If you build on fuzzy definitions all else will be fuzzy above. (Another option is to build concrete analogies and associative thinking. Or to know a word or fact by a concrete example.)
Justin’s idea of focusing on upper levels of thinking is spot on. I apply it consistently with a piece of advice my uni professor once shared to us, and the results are unbelievable! A professor once told us that when reading any given chapter of a topic in a textbook, it is best practice to read the objectives and also the summary of that chapter before diving into its core of the chapter. This triggers the high levels of learning Justin is talking about. It works folks!
Could you explain it more, i didn't understand??
Part 1: (8:50) Engage in higher order learning
Part 2: (14:50) Train cognitive load tolerance
Thanks
Thank you
This save a lots of time.
Thank you
Thank you
5:40 apply+!
6:40 analyse: compare w other ideas
7:00 evaluate: judging/prioritising concepts 7:15 synoptic links
8:20 encoding: higher order learning
relating info to each other + the bigger picture!
9:30 how to get the bigger picture without understanding: u cant, but higher order will allow ur brain to get it along the way
10:35 🕐 11:30
12:00 summary 12:40 relations
Yo thanks bro
Legend
Thanks brom
At the end of the day --- knowledge that is applied is what really matters...
So how does one learn ACTUAL skills that are PRACTICAL --- with the same notion of speed and precision from Justin's ENCODING and DEEP PROCESSING techniques for memorizing and understanding LARGE AMOUNTS of information to pass tests and exams??
I’m someone who has always naturally been good at school and testing and you have finally revealed to me why. I am always trying to figure out where a new piece of information fits in with what I already know. And now that I am aware of this, I am excited to deliberately apply this to my ongoing studying!
Very similar experience. I had somehow remembered a lot of the fundamental physics concepts even though I've never did physics previously. It's likely because I spent way too long curiously thinking about it, like when I spent 3 hours just trying to relate the concept of energy, force, and velocity from the equations alone. Now, I know why!
Me too! I used to be an average student, but for some reason I was extremely good at physics. This was a mystery to me and now I finally solved it. Glad to see someone with a similar experience 😄
@@TheHiroClaw123 hey i'm kinda struggling with physics. Can you tell me how you learn materials for physics?
@@sbz7192 At the time, I would pace around the room until I could relate new knowledge to previous knowledge: energy to forces, circuits to charges, astronomy to energy.
However, I think it'd be best if you learn from this youtuber, since I've been trying to apply his methodology in my learning for the past few months and it has been personally doing wonders (your experience wi be different because different people = different pace)
I'd start with trying out order control, or priming
At the end of the day --- knowledge that is applied is what really matters...
So how does one learn ACTUAL skills that are PRACTICAL --- with the same notion of speed and precision from Justin's ENCODING and DEEP PROCESSING techniques for memorizing and understanding LARGE AMOUNTS of information to pass tests and exams??
Hello, I'm an Artist and I just want to talk about some of the things in this video from the perspective of someone who does creative work, in case anyone wanted to know how these things might work for less "academic" pursuits. One of the main things I was pleased to hear is just how many parallels I could draw from the artist's idea of a "visual library", which is basically what we would call the long-term memory, but for visual stimuli.
Character design is something I often get asked about, and there's a lot of reasons why character design is difficult. How do you create something from scratch? So this is where the visual library comes in, because if you have a large visual library, then it shouldn't be difficult to not only come up with ideas, but to compare ideas and even combine ideas that might seem strange at first, and forcing them to belong together in an aesthetically pleasing way.
A novice illustrator might ask, "how do I draw X?", well, you need reference. This would essentially be the learning material you encode and use, and one of the neat things about illustration is you typically try to apply what you see as soon as you can, you look at the reference and you attempt to draw it, trying to transfer visual information by your own two hands, and not only that, but applying it to perhaps a new environment or alternative use, like a piece of clothing for a character.
For example, and especially for character design, you could say "well, what if the front bumper for this car was a jacket?" and forcing that kind of association in an attempt to marry it into a visually appealing design is probably one of the best things you could do for trying to remember the important aspects of it's design; you pay attention to the details, what aspects of the front bumper are visually interesting enough to keep? which details are sacrificial? what makes these shapes interesting? This kind of thinking not only forces you to make creative decisions, but they are also decisions unique to you that you are trying to justify for the sake of design. This is a ridiculous example, but it's exactly the kind of thinking that is rewarded in something as esoteric in the wider field of illustration as character design.
You can't do this without growing your visual library, or at least you wouldn't be able to do it as well as someone who does. Sure, you can draw a camera and learn what a camera looks like, but in the wider context of design, what could the camera also look like? You don't have to compare it to just other cameras, what if the camera was shaped like a bird? how about the colors of an exotic bird, would that look good on a camera? Would this camera be a character's head? Again, these are the sorts of creative visual/mental links that people in visual design fields would come up with despite the objects or references being completely unrelated to each other, and is how design in general expands.
One thing I like to remind people who come to me for advice is that "everything is inspired by something", and what I mean by this is that nothing in the world exists that hasn't been seen by human eyes at some point, and while you could say "well this thing doesn't exist" doesn't mean it isn't in some way a mishmash of the totality of every piece of visually inspiring thing the designer had come across throughout their entire lifetime. All of this, in my opinion, very much fits with this idea that taking a concept, reproducing it visually, applying it to your own work in a novel way by combining it with other ideas and therefore creating something new, makes illustration a very hands-on approach as an example of how the information in this video can be directly applied in the real world.
Every time you're looking at reference to create something new, means that you are in that higher level of thinking, and the more you do this the more you get better at things, even looking at reference, you eventually begin to understand which design elements are more significant to the aesthetic appeal, and you can be sure that the very best artists and designers will be people who are very good at deconstructing design and reconstituting it as a part of a different, bigger picture. On some level, you could probably replace a lot of the words in this video and it would be very good advice for design students. Thank you for this content.
Wow very in-depth.
I need to come back to this comment later
Thanks for sharing it's really mind opening and has depth 😁💙
That's really inspiring
Your words read like fucking silk, man. Nice
Effective Encoding
(Notes for myself)
- Higher order learning
(NOTE: GO THROUGH HIGHER ORDER LEARNING, skip lower order learning)
Analyzing - Relating a idea to another one or multiple ideas, comparing and contrasting. Seeing the relationship between all of this ideas to each other.
Evaluating - How we can judge them, how we can prioritize them. What's the nature of the relationship, how important it is to the big picture.
Which = Learning outcome shows are made and parts are synthesised with the overall meaning.
To engage higher order learning - create more efficiently encoding, ALWAYS relate info to each other and to the bigger picture
- increasing memory tolerance
If u tend to write lots of notes, get into the habit of holding on it for a whilein your head before actually writing it down (this is very helpful tbh)
Then consume a little more info and ask yourself "how does this relate to what i've learned?" "How does this fit to bugger picture?"
Some important keypoints Sung said in this video.
thanks bro useful for metoo
Overall I think your videos are revolutionary- witness me who's turned a 6 hour textbook chapter read into a 2 hour textbook chapter read with 10 times the amount of understanding and retention I previously had.
It's a real shame, how other than 2 viral videos, how little exposure Justin's videos have to the public. I cannot put to words the tremendous amount of stress and the unfathomable amount of productivity his videos have brought to my life, and I only wish the same situation to millions of other struggling students scouring youtube for study enlightenment. Its a true miracle that I stumbled upon this channel.
I will forever root for the growth of your channel, Justin. You definitely deserve it, and its a real injustice how you don't have the channel attention that you irrefutably deserve.
What techniques you use?
How do you read a textbook faster
@@travellingyeti6333It seems the answer comes quite late, but here is one.
Use exactly that method. Use priming or pre-study for the book, map out the big and most important concepts (which aren’t necessarily all big overarching chapters) as logical for yourself (following your own logical understanding of it and how you yourself think is the most logical way of understanding something) as possible while creating, modifying, reorganizing your internal framework of understanding of it.
Let’s say, you read a mathematics textbook about abstract algebra. Then you would find that groups are a very general form of a set with operations. After understanding that, you immediately will understand how profound and elemental group theory is, which leads to the understanding that everything else in abstract algebra relies on group theory and is just a specification of it.
Not all named chapters are the big concepts but if the textbook is good, they usually will be but not all of them are perpendicular. Some will most likely be explained by others, more general concepts and that you can use to evaluate the concepts.
I hope that's somewhat helpful. I learned about this channel recently, so my understanding is not going to be deep, although my brain works exactly that way, which might compensate for my lack in knowledge.
After watching this video. I genuinely feel like i owe u a few hundred bucks.
Over a few years of trying to improve my study methods (i can absorb quickly but been trying to spend lesser time), I've subconsciously noticed most of the flaws in the popular methods that you highlighted here. So it seems like my soul found what it's been seeking.
Great job you did here! 🙌
Simply put. Keep thinking about the information you're trying to learn after the lesson is over. Connect the info. Relate it to something bigger or something in your life. Figure out how to use it and create with it. I think when we create things we have a fundamental understanding of said items and how they "play" with each other.
but when he say connect the info to the bigger bicture. what he is talking about "like a mind maps that i did before the sensory information come in? and because i have that mind maps in my mind i can now connect the info to the bigger bicture?
is that how it work ?
Personally, I think it's similar to mindmaps. My understanding of it can be illustrated by the following: suppose you're learning a course, say, physics. After learning a topic in physics, you will then try to understand how what you've learned relates to the other topics in the course, or how it fits in the overall structure of the topics in the course.
I've always struggled with learning, because I start with isolated pieces of information about a given subject and try to mold them into an efficient system for gaining proficiency in said subject. I've quite literally spent hours upon hours trying to understand how to learn so I can fuel my thirst for practical knowledge, which is ironic. So far, the information and insight you've provided is second to none. You've given me a new perspective on how to learn, and for that I thank you. I just subscribed, and I'm looking forward to future content. Keep up the good work!
Thanks for leaving your comment :) It keeps me encouraged!
Same here. I have put off my school stuff because of this frustration. I felt that there is something better and more effective way to learn. Justin Sung coincided with the information (isolated) I gathered. He solved my problems and I finally solved the mystery as to how I did well in my class when I was younger without taking notes and just plainly reading the book. The key was actually encoding. I used to have a high cognitive load tolerance and relate information automatically in my brain but when I reached senior high school, the misconception I have about active recall and spaced repetition interfered with my previous way of learning and I unlearned what was effective in learning.
But I still find it a blessing that I unlearned because it pushed me to be more conscious of my own progress in learning. I hope to also inspire my classmates who are having the same troubles as I.
@@prestopasta259 hi what is your way of learning?
Seriously you are like the door of light to several student who are told
" Once you understand you never forget, you don't understand the concept that is why you are forgetting "
Like my parents say that and a doctor said the same to me
a really interesting video breaking out concepts and showing up practical tips that I needed for so long. Thanks for the video, doc!
my main takeaways :
- try to think in Higher order thinking first, the Lower order thinking (memorization, understanding) will automatically follows
- practical HOT way : connect every concept and try to relate it w/ the bigger picture
- try to Organize the things you've learned first before taking Notes
- don't rely that much on your Notes. Instead, try to learn more without jotting down the things that you've learned
- don't take notes blindly (especially linear model) . Figure out how you'd structure your notes first before you write it down
- start making Mind Maps for your note taking
- practical ways : improve your cognitive load tolerance by reading/watching smth without taking any notes
@Sarah Hodgins You could also contrast or ask yourself which (whatever it is) is more important (preferably to a 3rd concept) and why
You did exactly what he said not to do which was take notes after reading/watching immediately lolololol
I remember I had 14 days for upcoming hard test for Saudi Aramco company, and it was about high level of algebra and calculus , so what I did that I took a big board and everything I learn I would make like a mind map and I would just try to connect every concepts with my mind at the end of the day I will do the same on the board, eventually I was able to teach myself all of the lessons in a short amount of time, and did REALLY GREAT in the exam. I just remembered also that I did the comparing and constricting in Geology and got full mark
Thank you for the video I will start doing it again
It's exactly what I need!!!! For all these years, I've been just remembering and forgetting, by the time exam strikes, I basically have to study Everything for every subject all over again within a few days. And throw them all away after the exams are finished. I have been wondering how, and what I should do to make what I've learned and remembered to stay in my head. Please upload more videos on encoding, I have feeling it's going to change my life
I literally have the same problem😪
I thought I was the only one going through this!
College is so different from HS.
@@jayaniee how do you apply this in chemistry physics and maths I am having little difficulty to understand from what he said in video like relate to bigger picture and what is bigger picture and how do I analysis and evaluate in maths
I have this feeling of learning faster than the majority of the people around me, but now I have understood how to learn even faster and reach those minority who are always ahead of me. Even more,this explains how now that I am becoming a teacher I am learning even faster things that I had forgotten and how to share this with my students. Thank you very much, Justin!
Justin. This 20min video you made just changed my whole life. It changed how I think and changed my belief in my capabilities of learning. You just freed me from 20+years of being shackled to a wrong thinking. Man, you are living your purpose. Thank you very much! Out of all the videos on improving learning that I watched, yours is the best!
Oh my god. As someone with ADHD that organization monologue under Step 2 just BLEW my mind. Holy shit. Like- you just described the way I learn down to the nittiest grittiest details such as even the way I write my notes- in SECONDS no less. Wow. I am honestly so glad I came across this video because now I'm slowly starting to get glimpses as to why I've always been an effective student without much overt effort on my behalf. I feel like Louise from Arrival- everything is just sort of starting to click into place and I can see why I think the way I do- even for non-academic stuff. In your words; I'm immediately beginning to see the big picture.
Just WOW. I know you said this isn't a silver bullet but I totally do feel like Yoda right now, lol.
Omg this is astonishing. I have been overwhelmed with doing active recall because there are too many flashcards and answering questions; oh my god! I literally get so exhausted doing that method. Thank you so much for this it will make studying so much easier for me!
Same the flashcards get too much and i end up exhausted and not reading them
Great stuff. I’m not sure I agree that TH-cam isn’t great for sequential learning. You can literally create a playlist that goes in order.
As someone with brain fog and cognitive difficulties, such finding specific words and retaining memory. I learned about active learning which now allows me to remember what I read, words and less confusion in my speech. After, 10 yrs I can fall back in my love of reading. And now encoding! Gives me hope of recovering my IQ level has before. It feels great to find my old brain back and maybe even better. I will definitely be working on the cognitive loading tolerance. Thank you so much for putting time aside to make these videos.
Now, your points in this video does make sense compared to the spaced repetition & Ali Abdaal. As a medical student, it's true that every information is isolated, in consequence during clinical years we unable to apply things that we've learnt during preclinical years. Not having a chance to quickly apply the information & facts, we tend to forget them easily.
I know, old comment, but:
Its Not even that different from what Ali Abdaal is saying. Ali Abdaal promotes Interleaving, not taking wordy notes, not taking notes before understanding, breaking down subjects into mindmapes before taking notes at all (That is chunking, mindmapping), using higher level thinking (Doing a lot of mock exams and applying what you learned is exactly that, just very specific to the affiliated Exam).
But its still really great seeing videos where these concepts are explicitly mentioned and where the benefits and reasoning for them beeing effective are explained. (Although this is still very abstract and you can feel that it could be a lot more direct with what technique is good to use when and how, but hes saving that part for later videos or his paid content (way more likely)).
I'm applying to med school in may and the entrance exam has a 3% acceptance rate... I have always been a pretty good student but struggled a lot in high school because I was so interested in everything and actually did almost double the amount of courses that was needed. I started watching these videos a few weeks ago in the hopes of improving my study techniques to actually get into med school next year. I am shocked by how much my studying has improved. I can learn twice the amount and I actually understand the thing I studied and I'm able to apply the information instead of just kinda knowing what I'm talking about.
I'm really waiting for those subject by subject encoding technique videos!
What methods do u use?
Whats ur tips pls share it
What's the study techniques?
This should be explained to the children in first grade, this is the thing to start, this would help so many people
After this video I got your point, why this is better than active recall and spaced repetition, you don't need to do these two,
when you encode with quality, when you use the high order learning techniques
When you evaluate for example, you automatically do the ones below evaluate (One of the ones below evaluate is "remember")
"Remember" describes active recall for me
The remembering part falls away because you encoded with quality, which will benefit the forgetting curve, so no active recall and spaced repition is needed
The feynman Method is a good starting point, but when you create, evaluate, analyze you will create a even deeper understanding and connection of the learned information
Thank you for the video, this explained the thing I do when I study normally and have 100/100 score, now it makes all sense to me
-> To engange high-order learning (Bloom's Taxonomy) and create efficient encoding, we need to relate information to
each other and to the bigger picture. (Solo Taxonomy)
-> Deep understanding, quality encoding > Active Recall, Spaced Repition
Can you please explain how I can actually use this high order technique .😭
@@levernis5753 I use something that Jordan Peterson said: Read, Think, Write
(You can look the video up on TH-cam, only 2 minutes long)
Read:
You get the information in
Think:
You think about it, you relate your gathered information with other information you gathered, you look at the bigger picture that forms with all the information you got in
(In general: Think about the information, try to deeply understand it):
-> Ask yourself questions:
-> Examples: Why am I reading this? For what purpose? How I will apply it? How will I simpfly it?
-> Summary: you think about the information you gathered
Write: Then you take notes, you don't take notes while learning about the topic, you don't take notes during the lecture, you take them afterwards, after the thinking part (Which will trigger active recall, because it are your own words, and it is straight out of your head, not just copied from the lecture or text, so close the book and lecture) (Still remember: Do what works best for you)
-> Extra to active recall: Why active recall?: You only know it when you can tell the answer without looking at your documents, that's why just reading your notes won't help you, close the book and then try to tell the answer and explanation (But try to (deeply) understand it before you try to remember stuff, it makes it easier to remember and you need the understanding part when the questions will be similar, not exactly the same or changed in the exam)
What is the high order technique? What did I mean with it? How do I use it?:
You relate the information to other information, you ask yourself questions, you try to deeply understand the logic behind the topic -> You THINK
If you meant the video perspective: Look at 6:55 (Bloom's Taxonomy) -> Create, evaluate, analyze, this ones are seen as "high order", that's what was meant in the video (I summarize the high order ones as thinking about the topic, trying to deeply understand it: look above)
Extra: Look at 8:15 (Solo Taxonomy), look at the illustration: You relate the information to each other and the bigger picture (See the connections, overall meaning, etc.)
Justin Sung said: Active Recall and Spaced Repition aren't needed when you encode with quality, I would summarize it like that:
The deep understanding of the topic will encode the gathered information with quality, so you can skip the active recall and spaced repition.
But I think in the moment of understanding something deeply, you automatically use active recall in the process, but you don't need to use it afterwards. (At least it will be less likely that you need to sit down and active recall everything you have learned)
-Encoding is putting information from the working memory aka short term memory into the long term memory
-Active Recall is recalling information from your brain
@@SpecialAbonnent tysm 😊😊
@@levernis5753 Np, just ask, when you have questions, keep in mind that this is just my perspective, I related the video topic, other topics about learning and my experience of good grades to summarize this
Here's an issue that many students struggle with:
I'm studying a very technical subject in a top university with people way smarter than me that understand stuff very quickly. So professors explain complex concepts very quickly and it's hard to retain information because, by the time I try to process info by linking it to another concept + the bigger picture, the professor has already moved on to explaining something else.
That is why I use wordy notes before unlearning what has been said in the lecture to relearn in a more efficient way (i.e. higher-level learning as you say).
Please how would you cope with this situation? I'm sure I'm not the only one facing this issue, as some of my friends told me they use the same strategy, which I find quite inefficient (super time-consuming). As a result, I ended up (i) pulling all-nighters (which turned out to be very VERY unhealthy in a long run) or (ii) not showing up in lectures and learning from textbooks (i.e. not benefiting from interacting with super-smart professors and not building useful connections with them - not the point of going to uni).
Making a recording of the lecture could help. Keep your notes very short and simple and use the recording for details.
@@maximtsai1856 Thanks for your answer. I should've been more precise in my question, my bad.
My point is - what is the way to optimize learning efficiency (i.e. retain and understand concepts) during a lecture (i.e. while the professor is speaking)?
Of course, one needs to go back home and read or listen to what has been said and then learn more about it, but how can I learn a lot during the lecture to reduce the work at home?
@@salimtlemcani4122 I've experienced this. People tend to get bored when they learn something new. The way to overcome this is to study before lectures. So you've built your own theory (it doesn't matter right or wrong). (e.g. gravity is caused by the devil's pull). What happens is that you don't learn anything new from scratch, but you already have your own theory and then you get hit with the teacher's theory. So, the lesson will be easy to digest.
I've heard of this. "Lecture is different from teaching. Teaching is done when teaching from scratch, while lecture is teaching something that has been studied previously"
That's all I can help you with
@@kamigero I really like your approach, that is very helpful. Thank you!
@@salimtlemcani4122 I’d also recommend only writing the main idea/ concepts down (and connecting them in like a mind map of sorts) as your notes since it’s not very hard to search the details up later.
One of the things that I like about this person is that he has his first priority working with students irl which leads to using techniques that are actually working, because theory doesn't always work but when something works with real students your interact with, it's something real.
Just stumbled upon your videos and everything makes sense now. I discovered mind maps when I was 12 and been using them ever since in school, uni and at work. Never in my life had I spent hours and hours studying something, it was always easy to pick up any subject and organize it visually with mind maps, drawing connections and chunking, applying it all in solving real problems.
Hopefully more people will discover more efficient ways to learn, so they can spend more time enjoying life .✨🤗
Can you teach us how do you make them?
Mind maps? They're a bit un-hierarchical, aren't ðey?
Sounds legit. My sister is in med school and I'm still in highschool, I want to get into med and I asked her how she studies and she says she writes her own questions and answers them in as much detail as she can off by heart and then adds in any missed detail after. Thats all and she memorizes facts.
After watching this video, I immediately tried it by studying some philosophy. The whole "evaluate right away, and analyze, apply, understand, and remember will come naturally" idea suddenly made sense because *it* *worked.* I feel enlightened, stunned, and super excited right now for learning this method. It's hard to describe lol. I also couldn't help but ask: "how come I never thought of this before? It's so true and obvious."
For references, I was reading about Socrates' view on death, how it separates the body and soul, how opposites (life and death) come from each other.
6:00
9:34 - we don't need to follow the lower levels of Bloom's taxonomy, we don't need to try remember or to try to understand or even apply anything. Why? This is because when you do the higher levels of the bloom taxonomy then your brain will automatically cover the lower levels on it's own without your intervention
10:27 - focus on the bigger picture, it will make things more organized, because of you do it step by step or do individual pieces of info one after the other it will make things less organized and more confusing since you have to unlearn and reorganize which puts more strain on self
12:33 - don't read something and just write notes on it right away coz you're not letting your brain organize it in relation to other concepts
14: 53 - increase cognitive loads
Technique for ⬆️
16:31 - instead of writing immediately after reading, hold onto the concept a bit longer in your head before writing, then read a bit more and ask questions like "how does this relate to what I learned" and "how does this fit into the big picture"
I was always so impressed by the geniuses in my class who never needed to spend many weeks learning complicated definitions by heart. They just read it once and memorise it. I understand now that they have a very good understanding of the topic in general.
Thank you TH-cam algorithm for showing me this gem out of nowhere and of course you for making this. I just started studying Japanese at my Uni and now that you explained it i could completely relate to that. Im having a hard time finding the right words but essentially in retrospect I have experienced both the high and low level learning by now and high level was vastly superior. But i didn't even realize what i was doing right. This showed me what i have to focus on in order stay in that high level that will actually benefit me. You just gave me the tools to recognize my own behavior and not drift off into worthless time wasting while thinking im actually doing something.
What techniques do you use?
This is kinda depressing. It seems like a hard skill to learn if one is used to being in lower order learning for years and years :( My husband is a higher order learner NATURALLY since he was a kid. I am so in awe of how he does it. Until I watched your videos I just thought he was a genius and now I see the how of that ability discussed in your videos. I hope I can get there sooner than later. Right now it seems a very far fetched thing but I am willing to put in the work...because I understand neuroplasticity.
To be honest, it is challenging. With private coaching, it takes me around 6 to 8 weeks, working with someone intensively multiple times per week. In 2015, it probably would have taken me 6 to 8 months to achieve the same thing. There are literally thousands of permutations and ways to do it wrong and honestly not as many ways to do it right, especially when it comes to cognitive retraining to the point of automaticity.
Even for those going through my course, I'd say it takes at least 4 to 6 months of diligent work to become a higher-order learner by default, where it is easier than lower-order learning. And that's with DILIGENT work. I've got students on the course who have been working through it not so seriously and they've improved only by like 10 or 20% after 4 or 5 months.
But what i WILL SAY, is that for you, and for ANYONE reading this. It is more achievable than you might think. I'll be honest, doing it alone can potentially take you 10+ years. What I train for my students in 1 or 2 months took me 5 or 6 years to figure out by myself.
But I WILL be uploading videos to make this easier and following this advice WILL help you. It will save a lot of time and it will be very very very doable. There is a process to this and when this process is followed carefully, I find that the results are consistent. So don't be demotivated. Yes it will take work, but once it clicks, your growth is exponential.
I'll try to make sure the next series of videos coming out help you.
@@JustinSung thank you, good doctor!🙏💖🙏
@@JustinSung Thanks for the detailed reply. I am in touch with Archer about getting the coaching. However, I am preparing for my medical boards currently and am not sure if at this time I can commit to putting in the work for this without it taking away from my existing study schedule. I want to learn this for lifelong healthy learning practices. I may have to wait and start the coaching after I am done with the boards in a few months. Your work is amazing and respect for decoding such a hard skill and making it available step by step.
@@JustinSung Yes thank u for detailed reply.
I too was demotivated bcz my exam are few 3 months to go (one of the world's toughest exams)...but yes will give my best with application of point u said.And after my JEE journey overs i will take ur course for sure and will become the high order learn by default
What does higher order learner mean? Lower order learner? I haven't heard of it until now.
It'd be really interesting if you write all this knowledge on a book instead on doing it on youtube. Much less of a headache for everyone and more useful. For sure I'd read it!
Remembering theory without knowing and working on it's application is much hard and complex relative to information with Higher Order Learning,
I was used to read always How to learn and will continue, but You've explained it brilliantly and provided us exact roadmap of encoding information in long term memory, Thankyou so much for the Explanation. ;)
I'm gonna make a little summary of what I learned to increase my cognitive load tolerance,
Topic covered
1:43 1. Basic Principles of How to do encode anything.
3:00 Types of Learning order
Higher Learning Order (M. Imp)
Lower Learning Order
Framework 1
4:04 Bloom's Taxonomy
HLO - Most Important
Create
6:58 Evaluate
6:22 Analyse
LLO
Apply
Understand
Remembering
Framework 2
8:12 SOLO (Structure of Observed Learning Outcome) taxonomy
Pre structural
Uni structural
Multi structural
Relational _M. Imp_
Extended Abstract _M. Imp_
Try to work on Relational and Extended Abstract to store the information in long term
9:24 Your objective must be do the Higher Order Thinking as early as possible , your brain will automatically fill in lower order of thinking.
Higher order thinking also makes the information organised in brain for long term.
So the information organised to begin with.
14:43 2.Increase Coginitive load tolerance
Challenge yourself to recognize more and more every time you consume information (10-15 -30 - 60min).
That's why I'm also making this summary to test my own tolerance.
and also Instead of taking notes( that's mostly linear) , consume little bit more and Question
1. How do this relate to what I learned?
2. How does this fit into the big picture?
In case you can't proefficient with Higher order learning,
Ask How can I apply this ?
Improving cognitive load tolerance is the fundamental skill to use any other learning skill to go with.
"Hold in the bucket!"
i just started doing this which has been working really well so far (in high school), just after i went through a topic, for example in physics, i tried to simulate and understand why the equations make sense and all that (because i naturally am curious, but tbh, my encoding is a little slow), and then jump on to the questions. when i couldnt do it, i went back to understand what i missed, and figured out what i had previously thought was either incomplete, or partially wrong, so i corrected it and tried to explain it to myself like i would to a child. i found out what most students suffer with is making sense of what theyve learnt in general (aka relating the concepts to the bigger picture) .
i did realise some flaws in how i am learning (for example, wasting too much time in taking notes and stuff) which i am currently trying to change. your video helped me a lot, thanks!
Exactly! Could you please tell me what is the bigger picture?
@@contradictions1624 well, it basically means making sense of it amongst all the other things you know, and seeing how the thing you just learned works with the other things youve learnt
@@prakharanand5760 oh! He actually explained that but i thought he was talking about relations. Thank you!
I can't believe something. One time I tried using this method in 10th grade without even knowing this technique existed. This was for a math class, and I skipped the memorization and understanding part. I tried solving it along the way and it really helped to remember and understand the problem. It was until I was told otherwise that it wasnt effective and I needed to study another way. I've been failing ever since most classes but now I'm ready to take control of my academic success and in the work force. Justin, you've served as a big reassurance to me that I'm not stupid. I'm taking your course soon, I couldn't thank u enough. I will try to update before the new school year and grades to see how much I've changed to motivate others.
2021 senior high school:
Stats- 67%
English 101- 70%
so did you get scammed
how are things going now?
I hope you will elaborate on specific techniques of "higher learning", because "Faynman technique" or flascards are easy to implement (so we can use active recall almost immediately). Its really interesting that there are even more efficient methods. But I am still confused how can I do "applying, evaluating etc." while studying content for the frist time. For now I am bewildered xd. Looking forward to your next video!
He did make a video and he mentions it in the beginning of the this video and provides the link
That's my question as well. I wish in the coming videos he'd be a little more specific on how to analyze and evaluate stuff when we are studying it for the first time and have no idea on what to compare it with.
I think it is interesting because this really shines in courses like physics and math at the highschool level. When we compare to like bio and chem their are often times easy to understand structures to active recall itself acts as a way to understand information. And I would argue active recall done properly woth the roght questions lead to higher level learning
Hi Dr Justin , I come here after a recommendation from a friend and The informations you mentioned makes a lot of sense, I'm starting this journey of improving my learning with you , and Thanks beforehand... I believe it will be good experience for me. ❤
Hi, I have a quick question about this -
Im a med student from Germany in my second year now. How can you really integrate this technique in subjects like Anatomy, e.g. muscles. When we have to learn like every muscle, and from where to where they go and what nerve innervates them.
Thanks for the answers!
Yes!! This is what I wanna know. How does this apply to subjects that naturally are just memorization for the sake of knowing the parts and structures 🥲
I see it like this: The human body functions as an integrated unit. The parts in the body are there for a reason and they function in conjuntion with other body parts. Also, you can look for the meaning roots of the names given to different parts of the body or who gave them that name and why.
There is a difference between facts and concepts. Memorisation is an inevitable part of learning facts (like in anatomy). That’s when you should use mnemonics and things to help. You can also look at the facts stuff from values perspective so why is that muscle important, what can it do, common issues with it, stretches you can do to feel it in your own body. Basically anyway you can find to add it to multiple memory “shelves” in your head. But yeah, sometimes memorisation is part of the picture and in those cases you have to do more spaced recall.
Hey, bin „erst“ 10. Klasse und hab daher Probleme zu verstehen, was er mit codieren meint, denn im Internet finde ich nur Definitionen von der Informatik :/ . Wär mega lieb, wenn du mir dabei kurz helfen könntest
What I always love about these types of videos, is that people in the comments (myself included) always like to immediately apply the topics. Jumping off the spaced repetition and active recall video, I think an ideal way to think about this all is as so:
1. Spaced repetition is a wire frame to hang your studying on. It isn't so much a study method, but a scheduler to help identify when to study what (Ali Abdaal has an excellent video on his retrospective revision method for doing this outside of programs like Anki which use formulas to space out information).
2. During a study session, you want to use some form of active recall to optimize cognitive load.
3. We can further optimize our choice of active recall and tolerance to cognitive load.
3.-a. ALWAYS try to link to other ideas (the more connection, ideas, and "distance" between ideas, the better)
3.a. To optimize active recall, choose the highest-order learning technique you can with Bloom's taxonomy (create -> evaluate -> analyze -> apply -> understand -> remember); if a level is overly confusing, go back down to a lower level-this is learning, not a competition.
3.b. To increase tolerance to cognitive load, incrementally overload your brain's capacity. Read just a little more than you normally would and link back to previous information, wait a little longer to take the next note and link back to previous information.
I would add a few things to the method, notably the usefulness of wrote memorization. Often, the process of identifying connections, especially broader connections can take longer than your working memory can hold onto new information (and may actually force information out of working memory as you try to also remember the connection). Having a wrote memorization of (especially previous) topics can help decrease the threat of losing what you were trying to remember, needing to go back, and rinsing and repeating until misery. Take, for example, math. When you are learning integrals, you will probably do a lot of practice problems and it can be extremely beneficial to know and use your trig identities to help in these. Unfortunately, these identities usually aren't properly proven for a solid grasp until far, far later in your math education because of the inherent complexity associated with them. This is the perfect time to have your trig identities in wrote memorization to help you create the connections within calculus. Also, there are very frequently times where you just have to memorize something because you have to memorize it and there just isn't much you can do for higher-order learning until later (e.g. the meanings of safety symbols in a lab will always be introduced before you actually see them in the context of an actual lab). You can try to come up with some higher order questions like "What symbols would be used in a lab with lasers?" but that can be very difficult if you don't know yet what a laser is, let alone a lab using them.
I have been through many TH-cam channels but what I see in all those is just "spaced repetition" or "understand it and you'll never forget"
Justin, you are really helping thousands of students like me. Keep making videos ❤
Man,I sort of already suspected that the encoding part is an important part in the learning process,but I never really actively put my focus on that part. Now I wish I had known this earlier! Thanks man!
I wish I found your channel earlier. You’re amazing. I’ve just about started year 13 of school in the UK (18 years old) and it is great that I can start employing all this and the upcoming advice now. I’m aspiring to become a medical doctor like yourself!!
I've always thought that understanding is far more efficient and satisfying than regurgitating what you memorized because I've noticed that it takes a lot longer to forget it, so when I'm learning something, I usually try to understand it and then contrast it with seemingly related ideas to force myself to have a sense of clarity about the subject. And funnily, I do that out of either curiosity or fear of being challenged in a conversation and embarrassing myself when discussing it, but I haven't delved into it anywhere near the level of depth you have, so it was rather eye-opening to hear someone elaborate on that more professionally. I'm eager to know more about this!
The use of Luhmann Slip-Box for notes is a must. The relations to the other notes and the bigger picture occurs in a very organic way; almost an easy one! Highly recommended.
Would you please consider numbering all of your videos so they will be easier to access and remember? They could also be put in a table
arranged by video #, followed by the title of the video and note also if there is a particular order in which they should best be watched. I both
enjoy and benefit from your videos. Your videos are great! I appreciate all of your time and effort preparing the videos. Thank you so very much.
Just a suggestion. When you say "find the relationship between concepts", or statements such as the previous, please, add a concrete example. For example after saying: find the relationship between concepts", say something like "a dog and a cat are animals and the relationship is that both are mamals" thats a concrete example that helps people like me to understand better.
After reflecting upon a number of your videos on these ideas, I feel motivated to comment that the emphasis on jumping to higher levels of learning and relating new information of already established might be summed up, or related to the idea of HOT (hands-on training), lab work, or experimentation. When new ideas are turned into activity, one relates them to self and previous experience. In language learning: rather that memorize new vocabulary by rote, practice and use practical phrases. In art, practice a new technique by expanding on already known techniques. In more abstract, and difficult skills (physics, medicine ) the challenge of the educators is to prepare lab work that will facilitate this process for the newer learners. Thanks, Justin, for your excellent presentations that have helped me to appreciate this aspect of learning and training more deeply.
Just a tip... sometimes the music can be overwhelming and put itself "in front" of your voice and it gets kind of hard to listen and focus. Keep up the good work!
What music?
@@vN2w3Z59BM The ones with lyrics since the words can make you unable to focus on your work
I just realized that in the suggested videos, your videos and Ali Abdaal’s videos are the only ones being suggested. Lol. My “higher level” cognitive system starts to question “Hm… What do these videos connect to one another? What is the big picture here?”
Your videos are great, btw. Please keep them coming.
Realise this is the first of a series but spaced repetition is useful for allowing your brain to find the associations and connections making further connections when you review. When used with techniques like mind mapping.
1. Focus on higher order of learning -> clear organisational structure in your brain. You know how the information fits into your framework. You can simplify it to a 5 year old. Seconds upon exposure is the time for you to encode it into your long term memory. Applying, Analysing and Evaluating - How can I use this? How does this work? Is this important? Notes should help you think, not help you avoid thinking
2. If you do higher order thinking first, the lower order thinking (memorization, understanding) will automatically follow
3. Train cognitive load tolerance overtime - reading/watching smth without taking any notes. Figure out how you'd structure your notes first before you write it down
you are literally saying everything that I feel!! This is why school is so annoying because we are learning backwards🙄 I need to see the goal so that I can connect and piece it together like reverse engineering.
How?
@@nigelcardoso7653 how you're doing
Order 3:00
I never thought about this before
Bloom Taxonomy 5:30
Load information 14:50
Expand tolerance tô cognitive load 16:10
Wow I never thought looking at the big picture and relating things to each other was actually a study method. It’s really really effective the few times I’ve actually tried it (I only tend to do this when I’m really interested in a topic/subject). I am so lucky I found your channel a few days ago. This is the second video of yours that I’m watching and I right away clicked the subscribe button. Never have I done that before! Blooms taxonomy is an amazing educational structure! Higher order learning feels really really good; it’s like something actually clicks and has filled the space of a mystery rather meaningfully. But I’ll keep the advice of actually holding onto and analysing information for a longer time into mind; it makes you understand the dynamics of the big picture and you will have so many questions that would be left unanswered! The feynmann technique works really well here. If you somehow get how the whole thing works, innovation and application come as an easy thing. Thank you so so much for all this valuable knowledge! You are awesome! ❤️
This gave me some insight into my method of learning. The result -
My encoding has been incomplete so far. I do the first 5 steps perfectly but then the practice and revision times are messy and all over the place.
You also said that route memorization isn't everything and incomplete, but I rarely couple these 2 and that kills my chemistry - although I understand it all.
As of now, I'm making a lot of mind maps, which takes me 1/2 an hour to 45 minutes each, and giving a lot of tests.
The processes I'll start doing - Analysis, route memorization, practice and recall.
8:44 video starts
10:00 higher order thinking
Dont isolate information....relate it to bigger picture
12:30 take notes not at the moment of reading first time
15:41 linear notes is not good
16:16 what to practice to increase cognitive load and better notes
17:15 expansion of mind for learning
18:50 video ends
After watching some of your videos this one really did it for me and clicked about higher order learning.
Hi, I'm just a regular mom of twin boys on the Autism Spectrum, in order to help them I cam up with these steps that also help to easy into what might seem a hard subject. Step 1) Search for a Video / Documentary / Fact based Movie / Lecture/ Visit a Museum .. Do something that introduces the new concept to you in a Audio / visual form., make sure this form answers most of the WHEN/WHERE/HOW /WHY ect.. questions. Step 2) Rapid Read/ Speed read the chapter you are about to study..look a diagrams..headings..bold words..anything that stands out. If the chapter has a Questions /Test yourself section at its end..read those questions..It will give you an insight of things that are important. Step 3) Go back to the start of the chapter and READ.. now when you read..you must also observe what some would consider a ' Negative Space" in the sentence.. most people would read and only pay attention to a sentence like this < the process by which green PLANTS and some other organisms use SUNLIGHT to synthesize NUTRIENTS from CARBON DIOXIDE and WATER. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment CHLOROPHYLL and generates OXYGEN as a by-product>..now most dont ask themselves " Why green pigment?", "what other organisms?"..this is what I call negative space, you dont have to delve deep into them ..but do read further..there might be connections with things you already know. Step 4) If you can rapid / regular read the next chapter before you go to class..you will already be a step ahead, you will interact better with the lesson and be able to ask questions and clear doubts in class with the teacher and might even spark a discussion in class and have input of what others know that you might not.
So I have friends who are really good at remembering stuff and when we read together I noticed I have a better understanding of the concepts, comparing and applying but I still don't remember during exams and these guys don't forget anything even if they cannot explain it
It makes me feel like they're just naturally smarter or have better memory than I do or maybe I just don't have good recall cause I during exams I understand this thing and I know what it does but I can't just recall the definition or the exact things it does and I can explain it in layman terms or simple words but then I will be marked down... I don't quiet know if I explained it properly... I want to try to implement active recall see it that helps my recall, then do analysis more often
I will be on the look out for more videos
Unfortunately I have less than a year in school left and I am pretty much already disappointed in my GPA but I know I have a lot more ahead of me
Thanks you
I pray blessings for you man, you are a great teacher.
Changing the world is about changing education.
I look forward to working with you in the future 😉
I actually find it quite fun travelling trough my brain trying to find puzzles that resemble concepts, boxes for them and groups of boxes. It's like being in a jungle, with houses that you need to provide Internet to. Where should I place the server? What houses should I connect? Which of those really need it most? Where do I get the Internet in the first place? The more houses you connect in a meaningful way, the better the information is stored and doesn't need much reorganisation afterwards. It's like trying to find the most similar patterns to a concept, instead of just trying to memorise the whole pattern at once. The more patterns resemble the concept you wanna learn the better you actually know the concept. Such a beautiful and really logical (how people actually learn, children are the masters of that-they learn how everything connects to everything instead of trying to learn what a cup is and moving on), I'm so mad I didn't figure it out sooner. Thank you for providing that info for free.
Just chiming in to say this series and channel is highly appreciated! So far this has been the most helpful and well-explained framework ive come across on YT in regards to effective study. The concepts of encoding vs recall and its sustainability and limitations really resonated. Only from watching this did I realize that I was doing the “relate it to other things and the bigger picture”. Your note that it is more mentally taxing also helps me feel less guilty lol I used to wonder why it was easier to do recall techniques like rewriting notes or creating passive study guides for longer periods of time, but when going thru concepts and how they relate to previously studied subjects, i would tire out faster… despite feeling like the latter took more time and was slow going, it really helped cement concepts in my mind. Even the other vids talking abt delayed note taking increasing cognitive load- i could clearly recall this happening in certain classes before but never realized it was an actual study technique. This whole series will help anyone who wants to be more deliberate with effective study going forward. You deserve way more subs!
It must be challenging to share what must be years of deep study and experience on this platform but just wanted to thank you all the same! been looking for videos on effective learning with more depth than just the usual “turn off notifications” type of aesthetic vlogger vid, so this has been really helpful
I am studying intermediate to upper level French. Rather than writing lists of sentences that demonstrate the many uses of FAIRE (to make), I am going to read all of them in a dictionary entry and then think hard about the inner connections of usage. Since I already understand grammar, at least as a non-linguistics person, I will study the entry to create useful mind maps before going for detail. Thanks.
Thanks for the video. I’m a medical student having trouble and frustration with spaced repetition / Anki. Am looking forward to your next videos. Please keep it up!!
Oh God me tooo..! I'm so burnt out from ANKI
I know you have course about this effective memorising technique but please continue doing this free videos on TH-cam. Do not worry they are not long - the longer the better and of course you make the video for free so do not worry how much time it would take or whatever it is do not worry because many students here will encourage you and say bravo to you. And also of course THANK YOU. I am subscribing right now
I think we should see how our mind works. My advice to those that seek to study better would be: Find similarity and difference between things, simplify terminologies using simple words or a map of simple words.. You should memorize. It is a kind of paradox but understanding cannot come without memorizing, and memorizing cannot come without understanding. Each subject is different, and your approach to how much you memorize and how much you should understand should be different. Without memorizing the name of human biology you will not be able to understand much in medical study( books or research). So you start with memorizing things, when understanding is required you will not spend time in memorizing. In math, you start with seeing the whole picture then see the connection between several things, then you go in detail and use formula to describe things ( understand then memorize) which is the opposite to medical study in which knowing beforehand of all body parts and internal organs help a medical student to focus on understanding how our body work.
So turns out teachers were telling me how I should learn the wrong way, I started off not even writing any notes because I was lazy and saw it as a waste of time unless I needed to read information later or I was forced to. I didn't listen to what the teachers had to say about learning until later, but I realized that I had already figured out what works best for me when it comes to learning. I need to work on backtracking and going back to the method of learning that worked better for me now because what the teachers have told me to do multiple times sort of created new habits for me. Obviously this type of learning doesn't work well for me when it comes to learning really bulky things like languages. This video honestly is quite helpful, thank you. This was sort of an eye opener to make me real. Active recall and spaced repetition only really works if you need to memorize the exact wording for certain things and quotes, but besides that I'd say this technique of leaving everything in your head for longer works, but I usually didn't write any of the things I kept in my head, which isn't really useful either. So I'd say it's like a balance of writing things down and also keeping them in your head.
I know people say that you're videos are toi long but i personnally don't think like that. If you think that you have that much info to tell us and that it takes you 20 min then it will . Anyways thank you so much for this
I’m new to this technique and am in S4 (3 years till higher education in Scotland) and I tried to properly understand the concepts in relation to why and the bigger picture towards the course, I did this in a few subjects and I still haven’t forgotten it after not even entering that classroom again. I am truly fascinated.
" BIGGER PICTURE " means that you have to really think of photos , pictures 🖼️ or something else 🤔. Can you explain a little
@@lekhrambarman6877
Imagine you're working on a puzzle. Each piece of the puzzle represents a small part of the whole picture. But to complete the puzzle, you need to step back and look at the entire picture on the box.
The big picture is like that. It's when you zoom out and see the whole thing instead of just focusing on the individual puzzle pieces. It helps you understand how everything fits together and the main ideas behind it.
For example, let's say you're studying a historical event like World War II. Looking at the big picture means understanding why the war started, the countries involved, and the major events that took place. It helps you see the overall story and the important factors that shaped the outcome.
When you consider the big picture, you can see how different pieces connect and affect each other. It's like looking at a map instead of just one street. You can understand how all the streets lead to different places and how they are connected.
Having a big picture perspective can be useful in many areas of life. It helps you make better decisions by considering the larger context and long-term consequences. It also helps you understand complex topics by seeing the main ideas and relationships between them.
So, the big picture is about stepping back, seeing the whole picture, and understanding how everything fits together. It's like looking at the puzzle box to understand how the pieces form the complete picture.
I want to learn this way of learning for myself, but I mainly want to be able to teach this way of learning to my students.
I showed one of your mind mapping videos to my son, who is in Physical Therapy school and he started learning on a deeper level just from that one video. Wow.
I’m really impressed with you smart people!🤓
Teaching this way of learning to students is a WHOLE new can of worms to unpack. There are sooooooo many different factors that influence it. It took me a solid 7 or 8 years working with at least 2000 or so students to feel like I really started getting it simple enough that my results were consistent. This is my 10th year and I'm still constantly learning.
@@JustinSung okay maybe I’ll just stick to learning it for myself. Thanks for the information. I do look forward to more videos regarding this learning!
No wonder it makes so much sense for me when i answer problem sets first before actually trying to understand the topic. Or i use the activities and quizes to learn instead of using the learning materials step by step by going to those learning materials where I need it in the activity or quiz and kinda just figure things out. I've honestly always done this automatically aparently because of my ADHD as I tend to never do things in procedure, but I've always been guilty for doing so because i was always so worried that id miss something because I didnt study the material first or took notes and summarised that info or something. Honestly this video just flipped a switch in my brain and made me change my mindset about the way i always feel like im supposed to study. Thank you.
Can you give more concrete examples? While this content is really good, you should also give contexts on how and where to use these techniques. Thank you so much!
Each time I watch your videos I find a new problem in my learning process
I'm trying to fix them but It hits different when I find out that I waste time again.
Thanks for your great videos
I appreciate these videos, but similar to your previous channel, you’re sometimes vague with your examples and how to apply these points. I look forward to your next upload having finished the video and read the description.
I understand why you’re not offering any examples - there are various methods, however, that shouldn’t discount the value of offering at least one example to build on. I guess it’s also why strategies like spaced repetition and active recall are so popular. They’re easy to understand with a 2-minute video, making it effortless to include in one’s workflow.
Idk but this guy seems kinda weird to me. It's like he is trying to sell me his course talking too much.
@@toby2120 I know what you’re talking about. He brings up some good points like relating information to your already existing pool of knowledge and the logical flow that mindmaps should follow on his “study with me” videos, but doesn’t really expand beyond that. He even states that said videos aren’t meant to serve as an explicit how-to.
What is so difficult to simply list what is considered as good practice and demonstrate to me in actionable terms what I could do to become better at it?
I even tried searching up on what other people thought of his courses or videos and there only seems to be one forum discussion on Reddit that isn’t exactly glowing with positive opinions.
@@rubberduck5837 i know like everything he talks about feels like something i have been doing mostly in my unconscious. But i worry that he is trying to just yk sell the course
@@toby2120 It feels like we're both getting the nervous version of the vibe that says "I'm gonna tease you with this course without explicitly selling you my courses ;)"
Just wish he could contextualize those examples of his in a not so vague way, but at the same time, I'd understand that we're "supposed to apply the techniques ourselves" to get a "mind blowing discovery" moment so that it sinks in. At the very least, he could just guide us along with a typical set of knowledge that shows us how the techniques could be used so we know the mechanics of HOW it can be used.
@@SimGunther all i can do for now is wait for another of his videos.
I know you have future videos coming, but I’d love to hear an example of how this might relate to language learning. Anki/SRS and active recall seem to be the “gold standard” right now for that…
You might be interested in "Refold". It's a completely free language learning methodology where you focus on input and spending time in the target language first (learning basic vocab and grammar to be able to do that ofc), before actually trying to memorise/build vocabulary for your area of interest
*and before learning advanced grammar
Thank you so much,
I'm 31 years old. I've through various study methods. now I'm software developer. self learning is a part of our job now a days since technology is getting updated each day. When I learn something by myself I go through these tiers of analyzing and organizing the knowledge. What I'm saying is that I know I was doing something better than my school days and your video sort of explained what I did right. and it's always better to know what works better and the reason of it.
I think learning something to teach somebody else will sort of move us to the upper level of encoding (the pyramid). what you say?
Anyway thank you so much for the content. keep up the good work.
I'd love to learn more about how to apply this to foreign language learning. I've been able to retain grammar really easily but vocabulary has always been such a struggle.
I would be interested in that, too. I am trying to learn Japanese, where I have to look up the kanji and the meaning of the words.. 😅
What I found kind of helpful so far is:
- Using interesting content. Change something, if you start to get bored. (Our brain learns best when we find things interesting and are having fun. This is also why children are learning so well. They find everything interesting and stimulating. Source: brain scientist)
- Using “big” sources like books or games instead of short stories, because the words you read before are more likely to appear again in another context.
- Prepare a document: write all the unknown words below their counterparts. Then listen to the text while reading, and look at the new words in your own language while listening to them in your target language. Take your time, pause as often as needed. Think about it and continue until you don’t need your document anymore. Keep listening. (Part of the Birkenbihl Method)
I would also recommend you to watch videos by Steve Kaufmann about language learning. 😊
This 20 minute video took me about an hour to get through, but I'm okay with that. I was trying to really encode this information properly. I realized that I am SO prone to just transcribing what I see and read. Even at the start of this video, I was transcribing, but at the point where you discussed increasing your cognitive load threshold, I took my fingers off the keyboard and just listened. It was uncomfortable -- I now realize I've been hurting myself by avoiding this discomfort! Thank you for this video, I look forward to watching everything else on your channel!
It would be more helping if you could cut off the 20 minute time to part 1,part 2 and give timestamps and then examples and stuff . I think that's the reason why a great TH-camr like you is underrated cuz people won't watch these 20 minutes without knowing what they're gonna get the first 4 minutes of this video was just beating around the bush. I will watch a video that is 10 minutes long which has different parts which also makes some sense to the contents rather than just saying them all . love your videos 😍 this is not hate . Just my option Awesome content as usual 💖👍
According to Justin's strategy about jumping in to Lv.5,
1. Is it possible to jump in Lv.6 directly and my brain would get those things wired up during the process?
2. For example, I am learning a new software to make an app I have thought of,
would it possibly get better efficiency and learning if I start at level 6 - create ?
If there is any misunderstanding to the concepts, please point out, much thanks :)
I really hate notes and I'm bad at taking them so that's a big advantage of for me learning about encoding, I generally don't need to take notes anyways, anyone else hate taking notes and would rather memorize it by ear/reading first hand?
I think my whole academic years are now change in few days thanks dactor❤
Fantastic memory encoding video. So much information here!
Glad it was helpful!
I am a foreign language learner and teacher. I totally agree that spaced repetition is basically a nuisance. I can predict much more accurately when I want to review a new word than an algorithm that averages other people's results. But fixing the bucket seems much more direct. My question is that in studying language there tens of thousands of low-level units to learn. In languages like Japanese there are also symbols with multiple readings and unrelated meanings. To arrive at the automaticity of English at one encounter seems like quite a leap. Some subjects like science lend themselves to hierarchies and groupings. Such relationships in language are usually explained through grammar which are rules with no wider application than sets of other words and which often have exceptions for no logical reason. I studied Spanish and after years of daily use I was able to "internalize" the language so that translation dropped away and I was able to learn words the way I learn in English. When I speak Spanish it's like changing my Operating System, not just mastering a body of knowledge. In Japanese, no cognates, different word order, often a different perspective of causation. I'm sure you've encountered the "language barrier" yourself or with students. Do you have a youtube on how to build study habits for language learning?
Thank you very much for all the work that you are putting to make this videos, I'm looking forward to evaluate more things about learning.
Listen... you're my favorite content creator at this point. I appreciate your realistic way and easy-to-understand language to pass on your knowledge on us. Thank you!
Has anyone here tried the icanstudy course? I cant find any independent reviews online
Hi Justin, I'm also a doctor studying for specialty exams.
whilst I agree with the concept these videos cover, they tend to be long winded and do not actually teach /how/ to achieve things. I understand you cant put everything on youtube as free content, but I want to know if the course will teach the how.
Thanks!
I used to do this when I was younger subconciously but when i grew up i suddenly just fell in with rot learning now i know how to reconnect to that study technique thank u for going in depth...so glad that I found this channel
I can't believe that youre giving out this stuff for absolutely free! Just a quick suggestion maybe you can make the bigger videos like this into smaller ones in order to reach more people.
Mmm maybe I should try that!