Kalpitiya Agriculture - part 01

Kalpitiya has a semi-arid climate and sandy soil. This necessitates intensive farming practices to sustain cultivation throughout the year. Farmers rely heavily on groundwater accessed through motorized pumps for irrigation. Micro-irrigation techniques with sprinklers are common to ensure efficient water use.
Due to the sandy soil and short growing seasons, vegetable cultivation thrives in Kalpitiya. Onions, chilies, cucumbers, and various other vegetables are commonly grown. Some farmers also cultivate fruits like papaya and guava, and tobacco as cash crops.
The heavy reliance on groundwater for irrigation has raised concerns about sustainability. Overuse can lead to salinization of the freshwater resources. Additionally, the extensive use of fertilizers and pesticides can pollute the water supply and harm the environment.
The success of intensive farming has led to land consolidation, with larger farms buying land from smaller holders.
Subsistence vs. commercial farming: While some farmers produce for their own consumption, many are shifting towards commercial production of high-value crops.
Overall, the Kalpitiya farming system is productive but faces challenges related to water resource management and environmental impact.

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