DIY EV Part 1 - How to read the CAN Bus in your car using an Arduino Part 1
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 6 มิ.ย. 2020
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In this video I am doing something very different from ebike stuff. I'm trying to read the signals from the CANBUS in my car using an Arduino Uno and a CAN-BUS Shield. I spent an embarrassing number of hours getting this to work due to my almost total ignorance of all things Arduino and CANBUS.
This was not helped by many of the examples supplied by manufacturers failing to work for their own equipment or requiring additional libraries to work with some of their sketches.
I also found many links to Eleckfreaks who seem to have removed any reference to CANBUS Shields from their website so all these links and references are now dead.
Although this is not a definitive start to finish tutorial on these shields, hopefully it will fill in some of the gaps left by other videos and tutorials.
I bought one CANBUS Shield from ebay and a quick search should show the same one or similar. There is no point in me linking to the one I bought as the link will probably be dead by the time you read this. Note, if you see one for sale made by ElecFreaks you may receive the one I did made by diymore, but either should work fine.
I bought the second from Arduino but the same one can be bought from Seeed Studio direct. The Seeed Studio one includes a SD card slot but I haven't yet checked if this can be used for storing the CAN signals in a text file. I'll update if I ever get this working.
Links to stuff mentioned
The Blackhursts Video
• How to read the CanBus...
Seeed Studio Library
github.com/Seeed-Studio/CAN_B...
MCP CAN Master Library
github.com/coryjfowler/MCP_CA...
Please note, playing with the CANBUS of your car could do serious harm so you have been warned.
In the next video in this series I find software called CANHacker. Details below.
The CANHacker software is available here.
www.mictronics.de/
Click on "Archive" and scroll down, click on "USB-CAN Bus Interface" and download it.
NOTE! If the link comes up as "Forbidden" try copying and pasting the URL into your browser or Google mictronics. Or just try refreshing the screen might work.
The sketch for it is here
github.com/autowp/can-usb
Libraries and connection diagrams for it are here
github.com/autowp/arduino-mcp...
github.com/autowp/arduino-can...
After installing the libraries you may have to edit the canhacker.h file to match the clock speed of your MCP2515 adapter. Mine is an 8Mhz adapter and the default is 16Mhz.
If you bought a Nano from eBay you may need to select Nano then select ATmega328P(Old Bootloader) to get the sketch to upload.
If you get nothing on the CANHacker software
1. Double check you are using the correct CANbus speed for your car.
2. Check the baud rate of the Serial port is correct.
3. Check in the settings that "Listen Only" is unticked.
Hardware Links
Arduino Uno
Ebay.co.uk ebay.us/pGWsxa
Ebay.com ebay.us/t4UoXS
Amazon.co.uk amzn.to/3xmldbR
Amazon.com amzn.to/3hwY2EY
MCP2515 8Mhz CAN Module
Ebay.co.uk ebay.us/WvDFnR
Ebay.com ebay.us/BIFEXF
Amazon.com amzn.to/3ys5Q1L
Amazon.co.uk amzn.to/3dM9tIa
Uni-T Clamp meter
Amazon.co.uk amzn.to/3h7ttWy
eBay.co.uk ebay.us/dt6YTz
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Ebay.com ebay.us/BhPrqF
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Battery building Supplies
Cell Holders 10S ebay.us/POV3ap
Cell Holders 5S ebay.us/SZVatA
Solid Nickel strip 8mm x .15mm ebay.us/2iHNTL
Solid Nickel Strip 10mm x 0.15mm ebay.us/UZMSvA
18650 Cells
If you are looking for 18650 cells to build a battery pack here is where I buy mine. I have always used LiitoKala cells and found them to be good quality.
Note the Name brand cells are copies, they are NOT genuine but do have similar properties to the original and are still excellent batteries.
Panasonic Look alike s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_AD95VL
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Also note LiitoKala have several shops on Aliexpress with slightly different names but the products are all the same. - ยานยนต์และพาหนะ
Hi Ali, CS pin is the Chip Select which is part of the SPI communication link to the CAN interface CPA2515.
this is a great how to video... thanks...:)
Good job sir thanks for information
Nice , It Work !! Thank you.
Shall we write or change the CAN data
Thank you and definitely would love to hear more from you. Why didn't you connect it to the obd2 Port though?
The CAN portion of the OBD2 Port is locked and I'm not sure how to open it.
@@alibro7512 What do you mean locked?
@@utube521 I'm not sure, I couldn't get any meaningful data from the OBD2 port and had to connect directly to the CAN bus. With the correct knowledge you can get data from it but I'm no expert.
@@utube521 I wasn't able to see any CAN when connecting direct to the OBD2 port. Not sure why not but presumed it required an input to see anything
thanks....you just stripped out the can wire? and connect to stripped wire?
Yip, I used a pair of wire strippers to expose a few mm of the CAN wires and connected to them. I worked out which was CAN High and CAN Low with a multimeter. It didn't even seem to matter if I had termination enabled on the adapter or not.
Thank you!!!
You're welcome. I make a bit more progress in part 2
Hi ! Thanks for the two videos ! I think I see that you removed the small termination resistor on the CAN Bus Shield, can you please confirm before I chop mine ? I have the SeeedStudio CAN-BUS Shield V2
Hi Thomas
There are actually 4 videos on this topic, check the others out if you're interested in this.
I tried it both ways, with resistor in and out but for me it made no difference. If you do cut yours make sure you can resolder it just in case.
@@alibro7512 thanks for the quick answer! I've missed the other two indeed! I've been trying to sniff canbus data from my 2009 Audi s4 for about two weeks, I've tried everything but can't get the damn thing to work. The RX led on the shield is blinking though. I've just tried again after chopping the resistor, nothing changed. I guess I have more research to do... 😩
@@wththomas Are you trying to read CAN from the OBD2 port? If so you will struggle. It can be done using one of the examples I saw but I couldn't get it to work with anything else. If you have connected directly to CAN wires ensure you are using the correct baud rate but the problem will be with the way you have the arduino software set up rather than the hardware.
@@alibro7512 I tapped directly in the CAN-H and CAN-L wires under the driver seat! I've finally managed to get it kind of working! It seems that the program I was using (CanSniffer) had a problem, I used the provided example code from SeeedStudio and it managed to read the data in the Arduino Serial monitor! Now I have to find a way to organize and filter that data 😊 Thanks your for the answer and your willingness to help! Have a great day 😉
I'm curious as to how trying to read at the wrong speed created errors on the bus. It sounds like that library was trying to send something on the network. I'm surprised it would do that with explicitly being told to do so.
Good point but to be honest I could have been doing other things wrong at the same time.
Hey!
What parts were connected in the truck with those CAN wires? What components should I look after if I want to connect to the CAN Bus?
Most modern cars have CAN wires going everywhere. I found two in the back and spliced onto them. I plan to make a video soon showing different options to read CAN so watch this space.
thank you very much for your answer!
looking forward to seeing your videos!
Do you have link to your reference Blackhurst?
Maybe they changed their name?
You're right, he changed the name to South West EV UK. Here you go
th-cam.com/video/lkBILe55LQ8/w-d-xo.html
quick question to save me jumping down the rabbit hole. were/are you able to inject frames to lock and unlock the car doors.
I didn't try but I'd be surprised if the locks are connected by CAN since the CAN system is asleep when the ignition is off.
@@alibro7512 i see. Ty. Ive just made a devuce simular to yours with a obd2 socket a pro micro and the mcp2515. Just about to go sniffing...
@@chimpofm Don't be surprised if you get nothing from the OBD2 port as it is normally locked (or firewalled). I'm not sure what code is required to open it so I just connected into the CAN cables in the boot and under the bonnet of my car.
Is CAN BUS a destributed comms system ? What I mean is, does everything go through the main engine ECU ? Or can sub systems talk amomg themselves ? Thanks
As far as I know modern cars may have multiple CAN busses for various systems in the car. Mine is very simple with only one.
@@alibro7512 Thanks for that answer.
Dear Ali, I wish you all the success of this project. Have you ever considered approaching this from working out all the inputs from the engine and ensuring all the sensors remain connected when engine in removed. I would say that if you can find a way to still retain all the sensors of the engine plugged into the Can it may work as all checks are done on ignition switch on. There won't be any emmisions. The biggest issue issue I see is the ABS as it will still require speed inputs. Next is finding where all the sensors are. I hope I have said enough for you to understand my thinking. Don't us a car that may have been involved in a crash and don't use one with a broken engine as that may have put errors into the ECU. I would love to get my Berlingo ev converted to use as a run about but the CAN is the killer. I am now thinking that a Citroen Ami may be the way forward. 28 mph and classed as Quadracycle. Unlikely to have Air bags and ABS. These cars are around 6,000 Euros.
Dear Ali, After seeing all your videos on your channel I feel my comments aren't all that valuable. Great respect for you and others like you to overcome the barriers that we face in modern day living.
Thank you for your suggestions. All helpful suggestions are always valuable and welcome.
I hope I have covered all the most important issues. The ABS module is self contained and the wheel speed sensors are still operating so I'm hoping this system will still work without any external input. When I get that far I will report back.
The Freelander is a fairly simple car with little CAN so most sensor issues should be sorted with links or resistors and I have a plan for the CAN that is required but will also report back on that when I get that far.
If you check the CAN messages from your Berlingo it may not be as hard as you fear to figure out the important ones. There may even be information on the Internet about Citroen CAN signals.
Good Luck with it if you decide to proceed and let me know how it goes.
Just done some tests today. Coasted the Berlingo and switched off ignition. Engine stopped still coasting. Switched on ignition but not started engine. After a delay the Airbag and ABS warnings went off. Speedometer came to life. Only warning lamps that statyed on were engine, brake, battery and oil. Oil and battery would be self intuitive as to why. Brake may stay on due to loss of Vacuum pump. Engine light. That's the difficult one. Injection not running. Crankshaft sensor not running. Air mass sensor sees no change. I shall try to find out what of these sensors constitute MoT failures. As for me I think I have run out of life span at 71 to do the Berlingo but it's very good brain food if nothing else. I will update if I find anymore.
@@CASHSEC Have you tried plugging in to see what CAN messages are bouncing about?
Hi Ali Don't have the kit to do that. Understand you may be able to get CAN code data via Haynes on line or similar. It will be different for specific cars. Now here's the thing. If you've converted to EV then Engine Management Light should play no part in MoT. Oil pressure not applicable. Battery charging not applicable. So the only thing left is full functionality of the Brakes. Maybe a way through this is to book some time on a Rolling road at an MOT station and see if the brakes will function using a separate vacuum system. Whilst it is interesting to monitor the CAN data how does one go about tracking specific faults. I spent several weeks trying to trace an Air bag fault from an initial code indicating front left satellite fail. Didn't understand it. Citroen garage not willing to part with info. Researching on line started to point to either a seat belt tensioner or an impact sensor. The seat belt tensioner hadn't fired. Next I had to locate the impact sensor. Front or side. Tried the side first as easier to get at. Eventually
I found it just forward of the center pillar. All the business of resistence were a blind ally. However the sensor was wet. After drying the fault cleared. All this Blah Blah is to show that just looking at CAN data streams ain't gonna help. I am sure that Main dealers will have kit that will see the error codes and state what sensor is failing but it could be a fault at the sensor, in the wiring or at a connector plug. So my recommendation to you and others like you is to find the failure code from the OBD port, do the research and ask around rather than monitoring the CAN Data unless you have a monitoring system that will tell you exactly what it is. That kit may be far too expensive. I paid £30 pounds at garage for a code reading but again it just said satellite failure. Now some may wish to use the fuel gauge and Temp indicators for EV functions such as charge status and Electric Motor Temperature checks. Now that would be tricky. In conclusion take the easiest path using hardware already available to monitor your EVsystem.
Hello I'm getting CAN Packets via OBD but i'm not able to transmit these packets is it because my OBD port is locked or something ?
If you are receiving CAN from the OBD2 port you're doing well because I struggled. The port seems to be locked as you say so I connected directly.
@@alibro7512 Yea Because i created my own OBD2 wires with all 16 pins soldered and tested by connecting each pin to CAN-H and CAN-L and finally i got it correct lol... but still struggling to transmit packets
The cs number is the baud rate. It's a spped that the messages are sent to the pc. So if you're pc us set to 9600 baud it's should be 7...
You're just trolling! The CS value is the pin number (on the Arduino) to use for connecting to the Chip Select input on the shield/module/IC that accesses the CANbus.
hi.Ali
Very useful Information.
Could you help us to get some data?
mistakes are how you learn.. and to send a command you have to use the transmit option but you first need to know what you want to send or replay back on the cluster..
In the following videos I learn and share a bit more including sending CAN signals to control the cluster.
El cam bus es universal ?? Puedo colocar un Arduino can bus en el medio de dos controladores de márcas distintas y que se entiendan ??
Taken from Wikipedia
A Controller Area Network (CAN bus) is a vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other's applications without a host computer. It is a message-based protocol, designed originally for multiplex electrical wiring within automobiles to save on copper, but it can also be used in many other contexts. For each device, the data in a frame is transmitted serially but in such a way that if more than one device transmits at the same time, the highest priority device can continue while the others back off. Frames are received by all devices, including by the transmitting device.
how did you know what kbps to change the code to? so you changed from 500 kbps to 125 kbps, how did you know to use 125?
I Googled it. 😊
@@alibro7512 well now I feel silly 😂 I wasn't expecting such a simple answer haha, I'm loving these can bus videos. its inspired me to try my own can bus experiments.
@@marcomerola sorry mate, I couldn't resist. Thanks for the kind words.
To be honest I was trying for ages with 33.3kbs as I'd read somewhere that was correct but it seems 125 and 500 are most common.
Charger is on without bms battery for this device??
Sorry I'm not sure what you are asking?
When I have data, how to get or know id velocity ?
You need to search Google for CAN data for your make/model of car (if it is available), confirm the CAN ID for speed and do the maths to work it out.
Watch the rest of the videos in this series for more info.
For Reading the CAN Data on Arduino serial monitor, shouldnt the Ground also be common?? You just connected CAN H and CAN L to arduino shield. That does not make much sense. How did you power up the Arduino and did you make the ground common?? Also what about 120 ohms termination Resistor?? Would be great if you could clarify these as well...
I never tried grounding the Arduino to the car ground but you may be correct. Maybe it would be more stable that way so I might try it next time.
The Arduino was powered by the Laptop USB connection so I'm not certain if the laptop would be happy about that.
I tried it with and without termination and it worked both ways but I didn't work at it long enough to confirm if it was more stable one way or the other.
my prof actually pointed this issue to me since there are 2 power supplies there should be always a common ground.
There should be no need in general to connect to a shared ground as CAN only works with the differential voltage between CANH and CANL. Many modules even isolates the CAN side electrically from the Arduino/PC side through optocouplers. In the latter case there is often a need for separate power on the CAN side, which can be a separate battery or taken from the car itself (provided on the OBD port)
Common Ground is used for regular single wire or PCB-to-wire/cable connection for return signal. Tho, regular OB2 scanners that receive their power from the OBD2 connector also use differential CAN. Ali is using power from PC and the CAN-Hi and CAN-Low are via differential line and the do not need common ground for the return signal.
I pasted the BlackHurst code into IDE, but am getting the following error: mcp_can_dfs.h: No such file or directory. What am I doing wrong?
Probably a library is missing. I pasted the fault code into Google it showed a library option you may need.
It's been a couple of years since I played with it so I'm not sure.
@@alibro7512 got it, thanks! Now I need to figure out what to do with this data as it looks different than yours.
@@hootistigglebits Well done for getting it working. What car do you have?
@@alibro7512 2017 BMW M240i
@@hootistigglebits Oooo, nice motor. 🙂
If you search online someone may have already deciphered the CAN already.
Can l and can h. I can connect to obd2 with hole 6 and 14 ?
Yes on more modern cars but I think that CAN is not there all the time. You need to send a signal to the car to turn CAN on at the OBD2 port and I'm not sure how to do that. I have a cable to connect the shield to the OBD2 port but it only worked with one sketch and library. This is why I connected directly to the CAN BUS in the boot/trunk.
On my 04 Freelander there is no CAN at the OBD2 port.
Some cars use a "gateway" between the CAN network(s) and the OBD2 connector. The gateway often refuses to forward the CAN messages to the OBD2 connector, until it is told to do so.
@@tonyfremont That is true. Only one of the libraries I found was able to read CAN data from the OBD2 port.
@@alibro7512 which library it was?
@@johanneszitzelsberger4893 I can't remember exactly but I think it may have been this one. github.com/Seeed-Studio/CAN_BUS_Shield It may have been another one but I used the OBD2 sketch in the example folder.
Hello friend...i got problem when compile your code...error code is "no matching function for call to 'MCP_CAN::begin (int)'
Have you the libraries in the correct folder?
@@alibro7512 yes
@@sdknstar601 Have you cleared out all other libraries from that folder? I found having too many libraries will mess it up too.
@@alibro7512 ok i will do
Okay...error gone..but i can not get anything from ecu when i switch on key
That is useless if you don't know the meaning of the codes...
It's not useless at all. There are two methods to get the meaning of the codes, search on line or work it out by watching what changes when you do something like accelerate or brake.
Either way takes some amount of work.
Dear ali , i hope you are doing graet and i want to thank you for this amazing tutoriels vidéos . I want to do the same project for my final project of my studies by using CAN bus ,arduino uno, MCP2515 and obd2 . i was able and successfuly did the first step to extrat data from a car but i can't identify which data i got it can you help me sir ? or send me your mail for more explainaition
I'm sorry, I am no expert in reading CAN messages. Your best bet is to search online for your make and model of car and maybe someone has already interpreted the CAN messages for it. Other cars by the same manufacturer will have similar CAN for basic things.
Failing that you can watch the CAN messages as you do various things like drive forward, stop, reverse, turn on various things in the car etc. Each time a new message will show or some numbers will change so you can get an idea of what they are.
i am struggling to get data via obd2, i keep getting the error "CAN init failed". What was ur setup like?
@@wesleydsouza6731 yes my brother after that i obtained the same error