This New Photonic Chip Computes in Femtoseconds
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 12 พ.ค. 2024
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Timestamps:
00:00 - Intro
00:52 - Computing with Light
04:33 - Taichi Chip
06:05 - Photonic Logic Gates
09:21 - Computing with Diffraction
10:40 - How Taichi Chip Works
13:05 - Results
B-rolls sources: Diffraction Limited, IBM
The paper: www.science.org/doi/10.1126/s...
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Opera was bought by China a few years ago. I'm guessing the recent ad blitz is a response to the tiktok ban.
that is not a true optical chip. you must develop a true optical transistor that can deal with a actual laser beam. this design fails the test.
Never thought I would pay so much attention to photonic computing, (I am going to use Opera for washing the car as well).
YES! I would love a video on that
The possibility, "is still far away", of a mental-internet with a synaptic interface to human neurons with photonic-quantum processing connected in artificial neural networks, in which information is processed and decoded into qubits and subsequently converted into jpg. and or MP3/4 for human understanding, could be a way to advance technological development???
Minor correction: Light *in a vacuum* travels at 299,792,458 metres per second, but light in a fibre optic cable travels 30% slower at around 200,000,000 metres per second. We could, in theory, increase that speed by using different materials for the fibres, but we will probably never get close to the vacuum speed of light.
Thank you, although I'm not sure how minor 30% is.
@@Lost-In-Blank
High-frequency traders are paying fortunes to reduce cable length by an inch.
such traders use air radio links instead of fibre optics.
what's 30% amongst friends. It goes from INSANELY fast to just blazing fast...
@@Nilmoyprobably because radio really travels at the speed of light ?
Anastasi: "would you like me to do a video on..."
Me: "yes!"
😂😂😂
A yes man..
You're a gentleman and a scholar. You'd watch anything she publishes, even behind a fans' only paywall!
I understand and agree completely with the proposal!😍
Well, definitely a separate video on how the photonic computing would work.
Isn't this video that video?
@@ryanmcgowan3061he's referring to her comment at 4:30 about photon quantum computing at room temp :)
@@chrisfirgaira He must have forgot the word "quantum" then, because this whole video was basically how "photonic computing" works.
any university physics class will present a "light table" where lasers and lenses/prisms perform calculus operations at the speed of light. Very old an open tech. Many fighter jets from 30 years ago use "photonic processors" to achieve flight stabilization for example
Scientists from Tsinghua University China have developed Taichi photonic chip, if want to know more how it works then learn mandarin chinese.
weird world, eventually gaming PC RGB lights will actually increase performance 😅
the term go fast stripe could end up being true. I love that more than I reasonably should.
The chip she is referring is the Taichi Photonic chip developed by TsingHua University in China. The diagram of the Taichi chip is shown in 11:18 of this video.
I love how animated and invested you're in things that interest you. I like seeing how excited you are each time you publish a new video.
I always think exactly the same whenever I watch one of Anastasi’s videos. It’s scientists and engineers with this sort of passion for their subjects that drives all these innovations that we see reported on here. (As well as being passionate about a subject some serious brain power is also required to push forward the frontiers of one’s field of course.)
The chip she is referring is the Taichi Photonic chip developed by TsingHua University in China. The diagram of the Taichi chip is shown in 11:18 of this video.
Coldfusion had an episode about the progress with graphene transisitors. Things are heating up. I love it. Thanks for a wonderfull reaserch news.
The video on analog computing by Undecided with Matt Ferrell is also worth mentioning.
bandgap too small.
actually she had an episode on graphene transistors as well, like two month ago: th-cam.com/video/wGzBuspS9JI/w-d-xo.html
2:44 My father worked with Charles Kao at STL in Harlow, UK, but in a different team. My father developed the first plasma etcher while there. I can't say "invented" as the idea had been around for a while, but no one had been able to achieve useful etch rates before.
Im sure you are proud of your father, man. Kudos
This is very insightful and eloquently explained. Thank you Ana for posting it and please consider recording a video on quantum computers with photonics chip.
The chip she is referring is the Taichi Photonic chip developed by TsingHua University in China. The diagram of the Taichi chip is shown in 11:18 of this video.
Awesome report Anastasia. The world is headed for big changes, this is a big leap. Thank You for your channel.
I appreciate the research needed to communicate this in a way that I can understand. Thank you. Your channel is one of my favourites!
Quantum photonic chip video would be awesome.
You better eat a quantum bread
Quantum photonic AI being
kinda sounds like something from star trek
I swear I'm commenting from a Quantum phone on Quantum TH-cam.
@@beowulf2772 I seem to remember "positronic network" or something similar in Data's brain. So they were using antimatter in their fiction :D
I really appreciate all the effort you put into understanding the topics in order to distil a compact summary. Many thanks.
This is insane, you explain it so well too! this is by far one of my favorite channels now, you rock!
photonic computing still relies on clock cycles & is limited to the number of gates (fanout) do to attenations. most photonic compute is limited to matrix compute\comparision since its basically one operation per clock cycle. All of the other logic\compute is handled by the electronic (silicon) systems.
I don't think we'll see much on an advance for photonic computing for a long time. I think the current function of photonic matrix will be replaced with analog since its far easier to design an analog matrix than photonics & the speed is about the same. The issue with electric digital comparisons is that takes lot of logic gates to perform comparisons or matrix math functions (multiple clock cycles). Its pretty simple & fast to do it in analog, All you need to do is pay the compute cost to convert a digital value into an analog & back into digital. The analog work can be done less than one clock cycle.Its easy to do comparison, additions, subtractions, mulitiplications & division using analog circuits.
The chip she is referring is the Taichi Photonic chip developed by TsingHua University in China. The diagram of the Taichi chip is shown in 11:18 of this video.
I'm bestowing to you my "Mr. Wizard" honor for your wonderful science explanations.
Mr Wizard was a man named Don Herbert whose kids' tv show taught basic "tabletop" physics on a kitchen set with random kids. He was one of my heroes as a kid and as an adult for his kind respect towards the kids. In a similar fashion your pleasant concise delivery makes learning a joy.
Thanks
"Watch Mr. Wizard". Never missed it.
@@mgeldern Mr Herbert died on my birthday, 12 June. I loved that guy.
Just a little ditty from the past... At Bell Labs (where the Laser was invented for the eventual Maser application to fiber optics which was also invented there), in around 1991 there was a small group of Physicists that were developing a "quanta gate" that they hoped could eventually evolve to replace the transistor (also invented there) based 4 and 5 ESS (electronic super switches) in their Central offices. The Bell System was broken up shortly after, and the labs were disbanded into what is now a Nokia office complex. Love your videos and your enthusiasm. I wish you were my daughter. 🙂
I mean moving photons around aught to be more efficient than moving electrons around right? I feel like this all really comes down to the discovery that high purity silica fibers can transmit signals orders of magnitude further than the shoddy stuff originally used to assess the value of the technology. That, and all the other material property discoveries made over the past 40 years in the field of optics finally coming into practice. Silicon photonic computing being a bit of an academic/business community effort in Europe right now and all.
As far as I know Bell labs also headed the movement to continue analog telephony over digital. Which would have been unreasonably expensive, and overcomplex, but arguably could have lead to a ground up analog internet.
We could have had live video conferencing over fiber optics in the 60s. Worth noting that there's still a similar planning, and funding problem holding us back now, we even "over-invested" in fiber infrastructure at one infamous point telecoms history(although there were bigger problems at the time, and the public was hungry for scapegoats).
The complexity scaling of continued analog development would put the timeline in a comparative stall-out for a while, but at some point the high exponential growth on continua data computing would blow digital out of the water.
I like to think we met the problem somewhere in the middle and used digital as a well timed stop-gap. 🙂
@@Leadvest Currently working at Nokia myself. Nothing related to the Bell Labs department but still in the area of large-scale telecom. I think you're spot on with your conclusion. There is an aspect of telecommunications that we often forget : it's not only phone calls, but also the Internet.
There is an high degree of complexity at the application level in order for us to enjoy the benefits of watching TH-cam in 4K from any device anywhere in the world.
Intuitively I would say the bottleneck is the pace at which we can route traffic, which is more of a decision making process rather than purely scaling up.
Perhaps now is the time for another step forward, or should I say "a step backwards". Exploring the past and the technological discoveries we discarded might allow us to make further progress than we think.
Great coverage of photonic processing. Not new though
many jet fighters from 30 years ago use optical processing to achieve flight stabilization (same calculus being run continuously from sensors through near-instantaneous output)
It interesting to see the "new chip technologies" to be commercialization of very expensive and proven military techniques from decades ago.
RADAR to visual film was a great application of laser processors too, that goes back to the 1960's.....
"Not new though
many jet fighters from 30 years ago use optical processing to achieve flight stabilization"
For example patent #5093802 publicly available from the US Patent office from 1989.
Just the public patents show tech that is decades ahead of what the generally clueless population believes is new.
AND the patent law has a classified section that is NOT publicly published. When an inventor files a patent the "classified section" decides IF it is to be classified "secret, top secret etc"
The inventor is then made an offer "they can't refuse" and if those inventors have a problem with it......Malaysia Airlines Flight 370.
That makes me wonder about what the modern day military technologies are 🤔. Not that I’ll ever find out though.
The hard part is that little red circle. Interference is relatively straightforward but if you don't do anything else you run into problems since light is linear so the smallest mismatch in the interfering signals can reveal a strong field far down the line.
I presume they are either leaving the pure optical realm or using some unusual non-linear effect in the red circle but what is it?
The speed limit is the round-trip time within that circle. If it is a hundred wavelengths long, the 1/1,000,000,000,000,000 s in the video's icon would correspond to a wavelength of the order of 3 nm. Off by two orders of magnitude.
The nonlinearity is probably a change in the index of refraction depending on light intensity.
@@rainaldkoch9093 Sorry, what is off by 2 orders of magnitude?
@@petergerdes1094 The switching time is not 1 fs = 1/1,000,000,000,000,000 s but of the order of 100 fs, at best.
@@rainaldkoch9093 Ok, but who said it was? Did she say it in the video and I missed it? I was just a bit confused bc it sounded like you thought I said that.
@@petergerdes1094 1:11
It's wonderful to be kept on top of leading edge development, You're doing an outstanding effort with this, Anastasi..Thank you so much and I'm always looking forward for your next delivery. 👌
Appreciate your hard work Anastasi, I learn so much from your videos. Thank you.
your approach to content is so inspiring, keep up the great work!
This definetly going to power the next age of computing devices….I have been betting on this for a long time
Yes me too , Had the idea over 20 years ago . Also had an idea for a laser powered lawn mower two years later it was for sale for about a million dollars .
@@matthewcalifana488sure buddy. Sure.
What company should one invest? Graphine computing breakthrough major just announced too
@@matthewcalifana488sure buddy, sure
What company is she talking about in this video??
Anastasi, Thankyou for your insights into computer chips.
You are awesome! I like everything about this video. Your humor too :) Keep it up
Hello, its been a long time that this topic has been on my mind? Thank you for your updated information 👏👏👍👍
This sounds very promising, thank you for explaining it so well 😊
I've been hearing about photonic chips for 40 years now, so it's about time.
Anastasi, you have a good mind and you're very talented at making unimaginable complexity understandable for the average person. It also doesn't hurt that you so obviously love this field.
I always enjoy hearing and seeing your intelligent deconstruction of advanced technologies.
You're like the audience whistle-blower who reveals the how-I-did-it of magician's tricks!
Not everyone has the skillset to pull this off but you do it - routinely!
Every one of your presentations leaves me feeling a little smarter than I was before watching you.
Thank you for your hard work and effort - it shows!
I always look forward to your videos and I'm always glad that I watched them!
Keep up the wonderful work!! 😊
I love these videos. Thank you for all the hard work you put into them
I'm sure that I don't understand like I should, like being able to explain what you've said to an interested party but you are so BEAUTIFUL that i cant wait for the next one to drop.
Awesome video.
Very high potential technology.
Thank you for your time and effort producing this content on photonic computing technology.
Back in the 80's, I was working at the Swedish chip factory at RIFA (later Ericsson Components) in Kista outside of Stockholm i Sweden. I worked as a layout designer for CMOS and special projects. One day, I was requested to design a 8x8 multiplexer that used photons instead of electrons to communicate. We used a new material that was named LiNb (Lithium Neobath) and it had some exciting features.
If you designed a junction between three LiNb traces as a "Y" and added a field plate on top of the junction, you could make photons jump between the two different legs of the Y.
We managed to make the worlds fastest MUX and held the record for some weeks. The switching speed wasn't that impressive with today's standards however, the communications speed, was. It was fully possible to transmit femtosecond pulses and switch them between 8 different outputs from 8 different inputs. That was BACK IN THE 80's. I'm not sure what difficulty in the processes occur but we only made one batch of 5" wafers.
Thank you for the explanation and for the layman’s view of the tech.
It will be interesting to see how this will combine with layered chips.
Wonderful. Important details have been presented very well.
I'm in the semiconductor industry (over 20 years) and this is fascinating! Thank you!
Excited for light based computers :)
I just love listening to your commentary on these scientific articles and explanation.
Excellent explanation of aria in Opera, too, looks interesting.
Thank you for the very competently presented discussion on photonic computing, Anastasi.
My pleasure!
Splendid: in every possible which way. Very enjoyable instruction, learned a lot, thanks :)
I'm glad I found this channel. A friend of mine told me > 25 years ago that chips will be using light at some point. It made sense. Now here we are
At some point in 2070-2080 when we will be dead. This technology matures too slow.
Thanks! I instal Opera from your link.
Fascinating delve and update into a subject long in the mostly speculative world. Thank you!
Glad you enjoyed it!
Absolutely yes, make another video about this technology!❤
Thank you for info on the latest advancements - Brilliant! - Cheers from Seattle 🍻 (very much appreciate your hard work)
excellent way explaining, i am so glad
Powerfull thank you for the explaine ❤
TY for this explanation & creating this video.❤
Yes please make a video about that topic I want to learn and I love learning from you
Absolutely Fascinating! Thank you for sharing your insights.👍🙂
Good presentation for someone who knows bit n bit of the working of photonic computing. Thanks to Tsinghua lab for the breakthrough. Hopefully this will break the US n Weat stranglehold on EUV machines in the future
I work in the field of photonic integrated circuits, and this is the most complex circuit ive ever heard of. Great video and analysis !
As you mentioned, true wall plug energy efficiency of photonic circuits do make it a less-attractive solution for computing, which is often overlooked in these papers. It often comes down to material science to come up with new ways to decrease the energy bill.
Classic computing has kind of been stuck on a certain plateau for a while now and we need a big breakthrough to move on to the next thing. Photonic computing is probably 10 years away for practical home applications, but it's exciting to see the first steps.
Great explanation !!
This is one the best chip videos on TH-cam
Fabulously clear, interesting & exciting! So useful to have all these new developments explained & described as the world moves relentlessly towards the remarkable power of AI that has the potential to be an extraordinarily great blessing for all of humanity. Thank you for sharing!
ngl i love this topic, could listen to it for days :)
The jokes were really funny and the tongue in cheek commentary on inferring interference was an excellent follow up on the last episode. Additionally, the information was inspiring and I can’t wait to see more.
This looks very promising! And thanks for the asmr 😊 :)
Настенька, спасибо Вам огромное за столь увлекательный рассказ о фотонных чипах! Будем надеется, что со временем они станут конкурировать с традиционными транзисторами. Следим за миниатюризацией. Рекламу не перематывала. Благодаря Вам узнала, что в «Опере» есть светлая тема!
И отдельной строкой хочу отметить Вашу царственную причёску. Мужчины будут от Вас в восторге!
THANK YOU - your channel is one of the best of TH-cam verry interessting content of high quality even visually verry nice - and your ever lasting smile a real pleasure again THANK YOU
Very cool topic… great job explaining it!
Reminds me of what Optalysis once offered now upgraded to next level. Great vid, thx for sharing😉
WOW, awesome, thanks for this video!
Thanks for pointing out the overall energy requirements comparison with semiconductor chips. From an SoC design methodologist.
And suddenly I remember everything, whoah. Good video!
this looks like the first useful optical computing chip. thanks a lot for this episode.
"Compute the Rainbow"
Awesome, thank you.
Inside a fibre optics, light travels at 2/3 the speed of light in the vacuum. While this is indeed quite fast, it is not close to the fastest way to transfer information on earth. One way that it is faster is using mmW.
Note: This later method has the drawback that there is a need for line of sight between the two ends, so it would not be a good replacement of the existing fibre optics network (and I think that not that many users care about the difference in latency).
Yes, please, make more videos on photoinc computing.
Good video, thank you
Good day. Very interesting idea and excellent presentation. Thank you.
Thanks for your english! I use it for learning.
ho scoperto il tuo canale solo ora! Video molto interessante! brava! ....guarderò gli altri tuoi video...
your are so smarter .🥰🥰
Thank you so much.👍👍
How are you Italian and based in Singapore 😮 your accent is amazing and your content is breathtaking, thank you ❤
Yes. I want to see a video about quantum computing at room temperature using photonics
please do a separate episode on it I beg you please.
Would you believe that black wholes are a perfect vacuum ?
uh ? yes, I do know. Like, they have all their masse concentrated in one spot, so everywhere else in the black hole have 0 particule hence perfect vacuum. Let's continue. Ask me other questions about Black Holes
Very interesting. So much has changed in the industry since I retired 12 years ago, it's hard to keep up. Also I've used Opera for years, solves all the little irritants of Chrome and Firefox, but this is the first time I've seen it advertised.
Well explain
Dear Anastasi, as always very interesting video. Maybe one day these chips will power also our Estrema Fulminea electric hypercar!
4:31 Yes, please!
Laser is a coherent light because only 1 waves go out not necessary focused ;) , the best way to use photonics is in using matrice you can calulate all matrice in 1 times ;)
Brilliance and beauty combined.
Anastasi too, of course 😄
Unfortunately this will take quite some time till it reaches the consumer market.
I love how you said "Let me shine a light on it"! Hahaha, wonder how many caught that. You're not only intelligent but funny.
One of the most exciting topics for me! Also, can you do something about background noise please?
I love this channel so much.
All your are like "the chip that will change everything" and it's true everytime 😮
This is why TwoMinutepaper says "what a time to be aliiiiive"
Thanks!
I much like the way you explain the principles and mechanics involved in chip construction. Had no need to correct your terminology. Obviously, you know how to explain what you are talking about which is far more important than the exact wording. Having said that, the way you clarified this here was fun! - Very interesting video, thank you.
Augmented reality. At minute 8:02 your background interacts with the animation.
Goddamn, that's a pretty serious improvement. I look forward to hearing more about those years down the road. Seems like quantum computing at room temp is pretty close now.
Díky!
Thank you
Wooow... well done! So 60 years ago we didn't even have lasers. Now, we compute on photonics. The mind boggles!
One has to start somewhere. Miniaturization takes time. Doing reconfigurable complex calculations at relevantly higher speeds than traditional silicon components has long been a hurdle left for early photonics chips to achieve before we could consider them for general-computing tasks. With this set of new developments, we see a real path forward on these issues - with actual hardware to show for the modeling and preliminary research. That is already a huge leap forward for light-based computing. Working through the problems of scaling gets a huge boost because of the parallelism and speed you rightly highlight. If progress happens on that as quickly as this development did, with this new chip/set, the miniaturization issues will have plenty of length of runway with which to work.
Analogue and photonics are looking increasingly important going forward. Thanks for sharing your impressions of the Tai Chi and the field.
Opera, yes: I’m using it right now!
As for miniaturization: the components can never be smaller than
the wavelength of the light they use, isn’t that so? Anyway, THANK you Anastasi!
This gives "parallel computing" a whole other dimension! Maybe "simultaneous computing" might be a better description.
One minor thing in the video -- the "a" matrices is pronounced like the "a" in "ate" rather than the "a" in "cat". In IPA terms, it's the /eɪ/ diphthong.
subbed liked and yes please to a separate ep on photonic quantum computing 😮
First time watching your channel, excellent work!
I am not sure that we will have optical CPUs soon at home, because it seems like we don't need extra godlike computing power. I believe it will be used first by big science hubs and businesses.
Still, I am not saying that it wouldn't enjoy one in my gaming PC :)
What is the size of the optical chip? Do wavelengths need a distance in order for their ripples to form in some way?