Is Tel Aviv’s Crazy Mess of a Bus Station an Architectural Failure? (Ft.
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 5 มิ.ย. 2024
- New channel alert / @todayunpacked
- How did Tel Aviv end up with the largest bus station in the world? Proposed as a solution to Tel Aviv’s old central bus station, its shell sat abandoned for almost 20 years and became the city’s “white elephant”. Eventually construction of this eight-floor maze was finished and it opened to the public in 1993 with hopes of the massive labyrinth becoming an urban center containing everything from an Asian food market to a nuclear fallout shelter. Unfortunately, these dreams never became reality.
This video is a collaboration with Betty, from the TH-cam channel @ARTiculations; you can check out her video here: • A Brief History of Tel...
Special thanks to Tiv Nguyen for her behind the scenes tour of the station.
Chapters
00:00 Intro
00:30 Bizarre makeup of the "new" Tel Aviv bus station
01:15 The old central bus station
01:33 Aryeh Pilz and the dream for a new bus station
01:52 Ram Karmi and the maze-like design
02:46 Architectural style and megastructure
03:33 Aggressive marketing of commercial space
04:18 Abandonment of the unfinished station
04:43 Opening ceremony
05:04 Massive failures
06:47 Positive outcomes
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Image and footage credits:
- Azrieli Architectural Archive, Ram Karmi Collection
- Gavi Lazan
- GPO/Moshe Milner
- Israel Film Service/Prime Minister's Office/IDF Spokesperson
- JNF/Spielberg Jewish Film Archive
- Karmi Architects/David Rubinger
- Kdekiara/Freepik
- Koda Productions/Ran Shneck
- Maariv
- Michael Jacobson
- Pilz Family
- Tel Aviv Municipality Archives
- The New Tel Aviv Bus Terminal Co. LTD.
- William J. Clinton Presidential Library
- Yedioth Ahronoth
- TH-cam/DFGDF DFFDGSFD
- TH-cam/Guy Shachar
- Mystorin Theatre Group
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#TelAviv #Israel #Abandoned
Check out Betty's video over on her channel ARTiculations by clicking here: th-cam.com/video/MrywLCBOs1w/w-d-xo.html
EOh eOh ejust Rodger eyour eyour eand eand eand eand I love eI eI een e zfrrrrsd
Rrwere wryou eeruuu
The first time I went there I felt like I was in the sewer world from futurama 😂😂
As a fan of futurama, yeah it has a ton of similarities.
but it is not underground(mainly, at least)
It is a sewer city.
Never buy the Burekas there! I saw cockroaches build a house in a cheese Burekas there.
@@BigEyeGuy extra protein.
And at least you wouldn't eat mostly air.
Hahaha true
As someone who lives in Israel the new centeral bus station is total hell. Confusing, dirty, shady stores and people and the 2 parts of the 7nth floor that are not connected are what nightmares are made of.
And just try getting down from the 7th floor! (Especially on the Egged side)
We got stuck there just last month when we were filming there.
As someone who lives in a colonial, apartheid, zionist nation
@@omarsahyoun5284 don't worry haboob when we take it back from them we will make it better.
@@abee4447 When did Muslim arabs ever make anything better?
Don't speak nonsense 😂
וגם יש שם מלא סודנים
It brings us together in hating that place. Nobody wants to take the lines that pass there, and we try to stay away from it is possible lol
תדעי לך שהתחנה המרכזית החדשה ממש נקייה
@@ggoddkkiller1342
What the hell are you talking about? There was a mosque, right? There was o e on the first place. You can literally talk with the Imam that preeched there. Why do you have the urge to make up a story just to fufil your hate?
It sounds like Federation Square in Melbourne Australia, which has a few fanatical devotees, but most of us are united together in despising it!
It's retarded
I've been to that station got so lost that I thought I had been sucked into a black hole.
ahhahahHAHH i swear
Same here. 😕. Many years ago I had to get the the 7th floor to catch a certain bus. Got to the 7th floor, but - not the right 7th floor. There was another entrance to the right part of the 7th floor and they did not connect. While I rarely get there, I am able at least now, not to get completely lost as I have before.
So lost in this maze, I discovered I do know some Hebrew.
I was also there once or twice when I was little, just because a lot of bus lines in the area pass through it.
What I remember most is the strong smell of urine everywhere and the atmosphere of death, of course also the fear of getting lost and reaching the lower floors which are full of drug dealers and other underworld people.
@@user-je1cu2lt5d Drug Dealers?! How do drugs get into Israel to begin with? Doesn't it have some of the most secure borders in the world?
You passed through the central station and left with both kidneys? Everything else is a bonus.
When it was open the first time we were in 10th grade, we ditch school and took 3 hours bus drive, A Friend went to find the toilet... We never heard from him again 😭
Adi where are youuuu 🤣
Rumors say he still roaming the floors and eat bats
Adi noooo 😆😆😭😭
Adi went adios
In 2019 Adi successfully escaped the bus station labyrinth.
Scientists are looking for the patient zero of Covid-19.
Look no further.
He left you guys
The first time I went there I got lost on the lower levels, it was scary to say the least, giant levels without another living soul in them. I was looking for a way out, after all, one would think if you try to go to the first floor it would be street level, not so and no signs to let you know where to go. I was lost for over 3 hours. What a stupid nightmare of a monstrocity.
I am absolutely convinced that this place contains non-Euclidean geometry,
You could walk in a straight line for an hour and find yourself exactly where you started.
I bet if you took enough wrong turns you'd end up in the backrooms.
Rumor has it that if an unprepared individual were to gaze upon the incomprehensible architecture of the station, his mind and body would collapse, and he would turn into one of the entities that roam the lower levels at night.
אחי תפסיק להפחיד אותי נאבדתי שם ושמעי קולות של אנשים אבל אין שם אנשים!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
אני מטר שמונים של חייל עם נשק ועוד שניה בכיתי
Tel Aviv's Tachana is a lowkey horror film for American students.
You could totally film one there!
Idk why but I love this place dearly
Yes, that's what I thought that the subject was when I saw the title of the video...
@@ggoddkkiller1342 You must be fun at parties.
@@MrCGross2012 nah, bots usually don't go to parties
I used to joke with my friends that the Central Station is like Diablo, where the further down you go, the more hellish and horrific it becomes. I never actually explored the place fully until I was into my late 20's and even went exploring into the genuinely massive, completely deserted underground bunker. It's surreal seeing an enormous, empty underground structure with huge steel gates blocking each path off. I highly encourage anyone with a sense of adventure and a free Friday to just go and explore the place. I assure you it's gonna be a memorable experience. Also the asian food market is really good and has cheap food and imported groceries from all over the world, even if you're only on the 4th floor there's a lot to see.
These days rather than bus into Tel-Aviv ( from Rehovot ), I get the train , and stop off at the Azrieli centres , the experience is so much nicer and cleaner
The trains are usually a bit slower but far more consistent when it comes to being on time
The new train from Jerusalem is a lifesaver!
@@UNPACKED - I think the new train station opposite the Jerusalem central Bus station , rather than the one near Malcha Mall is a GREAT idea - after all , not all of us want to visit the biblical zoo every time we visit the capital !!- as for the " new" central bus station in Tel Aviv , I'm actually scared to go near the place , especially the lower levels
The old Ottoman line that runs through Beit Shemesh is beautiful, but definitely not great for commuting.
You don't have much to fear of the lower levels (0-2) since they are closed off to the public and only accessible on a tour. They are really cool if you are into abandoned buildings.
@@UNPACKED yeah the train to jerusalem is incredible especially if you are traveling from jerusalem to the airport. I just wish we had some more options to travel on shabbat
"Half a million people" in Tel-Aviv? This number makes no sense. The greater Tel-Aviv is home for about 4.5 million residents. Frankly, they absolutely had to build a full-scale subway, but preferred a light rail. I believe they have made a mistake.
As to the Central Bus Station and "the private car problem" - well, rather big parkings are located under the station, so technically it is possible to accommodate a lot of cars. However, economically it is a dead end. Nobody will drive there to take a bus. You are perfectly right about the outdated nature of this project.
Thank you for the great video!
We used to sleep there after parties, around the age 14-15, waiting for the first bus to come and take us home... I still have no idea how one group can be so stupid yet so lucky that we got through this with no harm done.
מי יוצא למסיבות בגיל 14 זה קטן מידי
@@kafkajon13 ahi 14-15 year olds in eilat literally bring alcohol to parties and get wasted
@@megafro6999 וואלה לא חשבתי על זה ahi
I've only been to level 2 once during my military service. apparently there is an alternative bus station there, for military contracted buses to army installations only.
The floor above it was entirely deserted. We were a fully trained platoon en route to service - and it was still a frightening experience.
The producer of this video was there for that too, he says it felt like he was stepping on to the set of a dystopian science fiction movie.
Yoooo I remember going through that exact same experience in my service, circa 2009-2010. It was like being inside a resident evil video game, where I did not have the courage to explore past the areas that didn't have any sunlight.
During your military service? Did they send you down there to fight zombies?
@@rigelbound6749 that would be so cool if its true!
@@rigelbound6749 Well you can fight drug addicts down there which is close enough.
Everybody knows not to go to the bottom floors passed midnight🤣
IF you even managed to get down there! LMAO
Its a nightmare for sure.
Bro, I'm 24 male and I don't dare going there at daytime!
Past midnight? Bruh, any time is dangerous.
@@franniefromvenice why is it dangerous?
You cannot comprehend just how insane that place is.
I actually wrote a blog post years ago comparing it to dungeons in games like Ultima Underworld...
Could you post a link to the blog post
@@SierraSierraFoxtrot nice post. Why did you stop blogging?
Another fun fact: In 2012, Ram Karmi said in an interview the fact that foreign workers had created a living for themselves in the station as a symbol of its success. A bit out of touch with reality on his part but who can blame a guy who spent decades working on the same project trying focus on the positive outcomes. Anyway - great video and great collab!
Your last video is being quite... controversial (at least according to comments)
Everyone can blame the guy for being an out of touch tool who inherited his position. Trying to focus on the positives while ignoring the issues gets us redlining, suburban sprawl and wasteful mega projects.
When I went to Israel I had the misfortune of experiencing that station. I remember that the smell of pee inside the building was so disgusting.
No air circulation?
Usually the smell of pee is pretty good
@@ggoddkkiller1342 exactly what I thought. If a bunch of Muslims worked there, wouldn’t the mosque have a bunch of demand?
I think the most bizarre part of it is the psychedelic art exhibitions in the lower floors
The amount of times I got lost inside the tachanah merkazit... I also could never exit from the same door twice, it was always like they magically sprouted on their own
This place is more of a hell on earth than a city under a roof
As a foreign worker here myself the bus station has it's charm that is not that bad but not that good either 🙂 it's one of those things that one has do with, and despite of all it's shortcomings it has serve it's purpose 👍
During my IDF service I had to navigate through this bus station on multiple occasions, and I can confirm that this bus hub takes years to master.
845 בקומה שביעית אחי
@@kafkajon13 845 אחייייייייייייייייייייייי מהצפוןןןןןןןןןןןןןןןןןןןןןןןן
I had to navigate it in my own for the first time on my first weekend off boot camp, with the huge rucksack and all. Got lost for longer than I'm willing to admit. At one point a lost old lady started following me to the exit which may not have been the most efficient route for her either.
I really like that bus station, it’s super cool and I hope it gets revived someday. It feels like a whole world in there. Yeah, it’s super gritty, but it’s got character!
They will close it soon
Did you go there? should probably have a map for this place
legend says that in the lower closed floor there is new species of bugs and rats
Let's make people get lost in the building so they buy more. Genius.
IKEA: _Take notes_
just so you know, the same guy who designed the new bus station (they had an old one prior) also designed the humanities building in the hebrew university on mound scopus. let THAT sink in
And have you walked around there? The "map" they have is worse than useless.
@@UNPACKED oh i did, and got lost in it in 2013 at 7am. Very spooky indeed xD
At least you didn't find yourself on the 1st floor of the CBS at 7am on a Sunday. Very dystopian (see 4:33 for a glimpse at that)
Our producer discovered [kinda] secret tunnels under the HUJI Mt. Scopus campus and made a film about it. You know that if Karmi was involved there has to be _something_ mind blowing about it.
@@UNPACKED oh yeah definetly. Luckly I only had to go to the second flour where the military bus depot thing is (I have no idea what's the mane of the thing xD)
Yeah, that place is unfit for human habitation just like Tel Aviv's CBS.
I've been travelling by bus for over 3 decades and been inside that thing twice. I avoid it at all cost. It's very hard to navigate when you are looking for your bus connection and there is much noise and polution.
This bus station feels like the judge dredd peach tree building
lol omg haha
That place always gave me a dystopian future feels lmao. Looks really out of place with the rest of Tel Aviv tbh (and its in its "bad parts even")
It's probably the main base of mossad, made intentionally so convoluted to make it hard to find
And the cia and the Kgb and m15 and whatever china calls there,
I've been there when I was in the army.
What a hole! And the naggy sellers deserve a story of their own.
Seems that they built this behemoth but brought the atmosphere from the old station.
As someone who was stranded there alone at night, this place is what nightmares are made of
I'm living in tel aviv and until today I don't know the exist and the entrance inside this place everytime I get lost there
I've had the displeasure of traveling through this station on weekends for a year, when I started dating my girlfriend. I never, EVER, want to come close again to this rotting, violent shithole of a station.
I recall one specific time when I had to wait a few hours for the busses to restart in the morning. There were two routes that would get me back to my city, and I took the one that took an additional hour to get there, just because it left 5 minutes earlier.
Everybody knows not to lurk there too much. I swear we need to make a short horror film there
I would frequent it in 1995, shortly after it had opened. I remember the maze-like structure, similar to the game Descent and it's incredibly confusing maps. I even found a secret level once!
For me the weirdest part was that inter-urban Egged busses would arrive to the 6th floor (via enormous ramps), but then to use the urban Dan busses you'd go to floor 1 which was underground(?), and narrow corridors would lead you to the actual busses.
I have mixed feelings about it...good place to get food but very shady and strange vibe. Reminds me of the trench in Finding Nemo
1:35, Aryeh Pilz's photo was taken in "Dizengoff center" mall, the city's second-worst building.
Which he was also behind, and Karmi almost designed!
@@UNPACKED though unlike the station it did live up to (and even surpassed) expectations. One of the most successful and unique malls in israel. But its also a god dammed maze. There is even an app to help people navigate the mall.
So a few important points to add… While Tel Aviv only has 500,000 residents, it is the center of the Gush Dan metropolitan area which houses more than 4 million people and is located in the center of the country. Also, the Central Bus Station was meant to be a hub for transport to all parts of Israel, with passengers from all over Israel whose final destination is not Gush Dan transferring between bus lines at the station to reach various parts of the country.
One reason why passenger projections failed to materialize was thanks to major developments in the country’s railways. In 1993, the year the CBS opened, Israel Railways only carried about 3 million passengers annually but by 2019 that number rose to about 70 million. In fact, the open-air bus terminal (aka the “2000 Terminal”) next to the Tel Aviv Central Railway Station handles about four times as many bus passengers per day than the Tel Aviv Central Bus Station.
I absolutely love brutalism in Tel-Aviv and I remember spending some time in that station in my teenage years, but man, was it a failure as a project. P.S. love the subtle Russian accent in the narration!
Excited to watch more of your videos.🇨🇦 Happy to be a new subscriber.
In all fairness , does anyone remember the good ol' days with the old sprawling central Bus station in Tel-Aviv ? , the Bus station spread out in every direction from its main hub ?, the third world toilets , that citizens and tourists alike had to endure ? - it was a nightmare !! - you could get run over by a bus crossing the street from the payment booths to a bus parked 3 streets away !!.
My only fond memory I have from the old central Bus station in Tel-Aviv were/was the asimonim (phone token ) sellers on the streets - volunteers like myself , used to walk around with asimonim necklaces - almost as though they were virility symbols !! .
That being said , where I live now ( near Rehovot) , there are several new train stations within ( ironically) 15 mins bus ride , so the bus still plays a part in my life , but not to the degree that it used to
Being there at night as a kid was super scary... don't wanna go back there lol.
It took me 6 months to memorize one way of getting to the 7th floor. man i got lost there for over 15 years
Maybe you should do /make a video about Tel-Aviv's light railway, and the effect on the bus service in and around the city , once the light railway is completed (please )
😂 That might be in a century! We'd have to wait for more than just the red line to open, and to have years of seeing how it changed things.
@@UNPACKED remember how when Terminal 3 at Ben Gurion airport was going to be called terminal 2000 ( or something like that ) ? , what year did THAT building FINALLY open ?!!!
"Natbag 2000" opened in 2004.
Not as bad as the new Berlin airport though!
@jw zacher light rail over sTupid bus
Hello, great video! Thank you, it has been really helpfull for my school project which I am currently working on. I loved the animated floorplan part in 0:37. Is there a website where I could find that floorplan online? It would help me a lot. Thank you for you answer.
Always tried to avoid taking a bus from the station. the smell of urine and the maze-like floors are horrendous
The Bus Station is Dante's hell. Absolute nightmare. Drug addicts, bumbs, big gay guys looking for a hookup, and the endless vastness of nothingness and eternal dead ends and halls going on forever to nowhere. Stairs leading to nothing, not a sign to be found, not a door or exit sign anywhere on most levels. Its like being on a bad acid trip, hell, it is a bad acid trip. When you finally find your way out, it leaves you with a traumatic feeling of 'Why'? forever asking, 'WHY'
This is one of my favrite places , I love the expirience everytime I go there.
Same (:
I hope your family have you back on your meds....lol
I am a regular bus user in the Tel-Aviv erea, and I do everything I can to avoid using or even seeing this piece of garbage of a station.
I was not there In the last 10 years, I hope I will never will.
I have said this before and I'll say it again... Your videos are always well edited and presented.. The effort you guys put shows in your videos
Thanks!
Savidor and azrieli are basically the new new tel Aviv central station. 99% of busses goes through there. And there is less and less busses that actually enter the central station (mostly miletery ones)
The first (and last) time I went to that bus station, I didn’t know it was a bus station….it looks like a prison from the outside.
The inside was rundown, dirty and creepy! I hope it is demolished!
I've been to the Central Bus Station once, by accident. I just needed to exit the building so I could walk to the Haganah train station. Went up and down the floors, frantically trying to find the exit. Everything looked dirty and shady and under-maintenanced. Even once I found the exit, I had to walk the streets of southern Tel Aviv, full of immigrants and refugees. Truly a frightening experience. I swore to never step foot there again.
Also, the video didn't mention how the current owners of the building are neglecting it on purpose, so that the municipality will allow them to demolish it, and build (much more profitable) luxury housing buildings.
I love this space. It is easy to get lost each time or to find things that cannot be located anywhere else in the world, let alone Israel.
Thank God
Even though I live nearby, I do any possible effort to not pass through the central station. It's not a white elephant, it's a dead rotten elephant body. Everytime I pass there I encounter disgusting junkies and creepy people trying to haras me. It's dirty as hell and smells like urine. I was traveling by myself in India and all around the world, but no place scares me as the central station.
This, in a way, has the potential to become a new Kowloon City, like in Hong Kong.🙂🙂
When i was in my military service, I used this station about 5-6 times, I was armed, and still got some hibbie jibbies from that place as well as many other serviceman...
Great video. I live 5 min away from the station and always been curious. V well executed!
If you like urban exploration, you should totally go check it out. There are even tours which give you access to closed off areas.
The best experience in public transportation in Israel is the new itzhak navon train station in Jerusalem , truly magnificent and out there as the top in the world.
Fallout: New Bus Station.
Seeing those architectural drafts reminded me of Vault-Tec art from the original game.
lol
As a Fallout fan I feel proud reading that
This is such an amazing video! Thanks for sharing! I didn’t know so many interesting facts from the history of this bus station.
5:41 traffic congestion goes brrrr to the moon
This place should be shut down but it doesn't happen because there is a legal problem here and it's stuck just because of that! As an Israeli this place is a waist of space and I would hope someone can solve this issue and use this land for something that will contribute to our people
I live in Tel Aviv and i didn't know how big it is
The old bus station was an absolute horror story!
The good news: they plan to demolish this monstrosity, replacing it with residential, commercial and municipal buildings. While a metro, light rail and small bus hubs will take its place as the main means of mass transit in the area.
The bad news: it will take a while.
I've only ever passed through there at night and its always been scary. I wondered how much of the building was actually used...
When i first went there i didn’t even know it was a bus station. Also i remember seeing a few locked rooms that cats lived in
Great! What date did you film this on?❤
i basically lived there for sometime and all i can say i am happy that it will be closed.
I once took the elevator cause I couldn't find the stairs to go to the exit floor. OMG what a mistake that was, I ended up in the non habited part, at 10pm on a Saturday. I don't remember being so terrified in my life like that time. 20 minutes later or so I managed to get out.
But I do love visiting the Filipino market during the day!
The fact that I walked past it several times yet never knew it's the biggest one in the world
Those guys from ARTiculate are the best 🙌💞
I have to go and see this. Looks just amazing.
There are tours, we definitely recommend taking one.
the "under half a million people" thing you said is very misleading: yes, Tel Aviv itself is only 470,000 people- but that's because it shares the urban area with many of the surrounding cities (Ramat Gan, Givataim, Bat Yam...). this areas population is 1.38 million, with a metropoline of more than 4 million (similar to Seattle, or Rome).
Twenty years ago I spent a night on floor 4, but nowadays it is unsave, loud, dirty and everybody tries to avoid this place because of the crminal people hanging around there!
during my miliitary service this was the worst Station I had been needing to go through, its a confusing mess, a 20 minute walk to just go down to the floor I needed, kept getting lost every time in there, its a massive space and empty.
It looks like those disorienting claustrophobic places I try to escape from in my nightmares
I honestly don't understand how the video ended up with an optimistic tone for the structure. When i was being forced to be there everyday on my way to work, i was forced to walk around 8-10 minutes just to get out of the place passing through empty areas, or next to store owners that all they do is try to scam you. Nobody in Israel likes that damn place.
I grew up in the 90's in a satelite city 20 k"m from Tel Aviv.
My parents didn't have a car so we were regular to buses.
This station was one of my favorite childhood places.
It had a big shop of posters of all kinds on the 3rd or 4th floor where i spent hours.
that oriental building looks amazing
They all got bitten by Egyptian bats!! 😂
This place is so crappy they do security checks for people going out...
Tel aviv architecture must be historical and stunning, beautiful, modern and spiritual, feeling and emotional and state of the art tech. It should not be ugly building.
The only thing that is more convoluted and confusing than this bus station is the bureaucracy involved with it.
I always get lost there, i just cant get correct floor so i catch my bus a stop later or descend a stop before cause i also struggle to leave🥵
It’s one of the scariest places I have been in and it’s so difficult to get out of 😩😭
I saw there a few amazing shows, performed by Hamuchtar ❤
Always thought this place looks like where the baddies reside in comic books😅
I'd almost forgotten that you actually measure things in football fields and it's not just a joke
We don't, but for the benefit of those that do 😉
As an Israeli how goes to Tel Aviv on a regular basis let me tell you this:
If the criminals were to kept out and the place to be dolled up this place is a gold, diamond and ruby mind all together.So much potential in one place is a rare thing.
this place is like a miniature underhive
The bus station is just awful - I was shocked by the state of it. Tel Aviv is beautiful, this is a scar on it
Who remember the old outdoor station?
Lol. I do!!
and the old busses with no air conditioner (though it can get too cold at times) and hard seats. And small tickets that at times had to be added to one another to get to the sum you needed to pay.
Those old Layland busses with the massive gaited gear shift colum. Fighting with sliding windows that refused to open or shut. Hard blue seats so slippery you had to grab the arm rest on sharp bends.
They call is the Tel Aviv Tachana Merchazit or Central Bus Station. I enjoyed going there because there were so many Filipino stores.
In retrospect from 5:55, whereabouts should a more centrally located (and more practical if less grand) bus station have been built in Tel Aviv?
Were more suitable sites initially considered in before dismissed in favour of this white elephant scheme?
They had brought in two French urban planners in the early 60s or late 50s to help plan this, but it's unclear if they ever suggested a specific site.
The delays also had an impact on things since over the 30ish year from conception to opening Tel Aviv, and Israel, changed a lot. So even if that area was decent enough in the 60s, by the time it opened in 93 it no longer was.
The Haganah train station is closer to 5 minutes away, but indeed it's definitely not central.
It's funny to see newspaper articles from the 60s and 70s mentioning the development of "masof 2000" then just "the northern Tel Aviv bus depot next to the Savidor train station" while mentioning that the fancy big central station is still delayed.
I used to go through this place a lot in my way to base when I was a solider, sometimes in weird hours.
Unpleasant experience to say the least.
Walking alone in huge, articulating empty spaces, the only other living thing is an occasional drug addict coming after you asking for change. Probably the only times I was glad for the burden of having to be carrying an m16 home every week.