How to identify phase and neutral with a multimeter: several versions

Identifying the phase and neutral of an electrical installation is vital for the safety of personnel who operate electrical equipment as well as for the proper functioning of the equipment itself.
Having the phase and neutral inverted can cause electrical shocks that in the best of cases produce a scare but can be potentially fatal at other times.
With the help of an ADEQUATE multimeter we can correctly determine which cable is the phase and which is the neutral.