The Chemistry behind the Drug Trade L13 4380
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 30 ก.ค. 2024
- This video covers the extraction, purification, and modification techniques used in the drug trade to illustrate the types of chemical evidence that will be experienced in the Forensic Chemistry lab.
CORRECTIONS:
In the video I incorrectly state that fentanyl affects the cardiac function. A commenter points out that it more intensely targets pulmonary function. This is seen in the video where the police officer comments that his lungs locked up and he could not breathe at all. His lungs locked up before he went unconscious. Narcan saved his life! nida.nih.gov/publications/dru...
Background
These are videos of Dr. Williams’ CHEM 4380 Forensic Chemistry Lectures at Sam Houston State University. They are provided for your benefit for studying if you are a student or for your curiosity if you are not a student.
Dr. Williams’ campus page is: www.shsu.edu/chm_dlw/
His science blog is: pchem4all.com/
His LinkedIn profile is: / darren-l-williams-pche...
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Love the chemistry here, but I gotta say the knowledge on the drugs themselves isn't quite spot on. Just for instance, opiates cause respiratory depression not cardiac arrest. I think of a love of drugs leads to a love of chemistry too, turns out a lot of the DEAs forensic chemists are absolutely fascinated by drugs, usually more than users themselves.
Thanks for the correction. Ill put it in the video description.
Absolutely. I got into chemistry because of my desire to understand drugs on that level.
However now I evolved into studying plants and the biological synthesis of bioactive compounds. Now I've come full circle and grow ornamental plants that have no food or drug value haha. I had to motivate myself Into the education because drugs but tricked myself into growing flowers that smell good for the hell of it. Life's a trip eh?
The late Great Dr Alexander Shulgin was one of them until the DEA back stabbed him
in reference to drug enantiomers: "texas got smart with that" kinda except l-methamphetamine is sold otc in vick's vapor inhalers, so i wonder how thats legal? texas's drug analog language is a bit over broad imho. also ephedrine has 2 chiral centers; meth just got the one.
Because l amphetamine is not racemic and it's a huge process to turn l amphetamine into d amphetamine. But funnily enough d amphetamine is prescribed to kids with ADHD and racemic amphetamine is prescribed to adults as a stronger version....
5:56 how awful that people might feel good.
The picture of the HCL generator is actually an anhydrous ammonia liquid tank with stainless steel fittings. It’s not a HCL generator
Typically the sulfate salts gas out of the cocaine first.
The same thing happens with methamphetamine.
The salts are the first elements to precipitate out of methamphetamine as well when generating HCL gas.
You’ll know the difference between the two because the salts are heavy enough to sink to the bottom faster than the free floating crystals.
Typically you would just filter them out and continue generating HCL gas.
The salts are also an active methamphetamine as well.
Salt and liquid lightning or hydrocloric acid which is the chemical in liquid lightning that makes the salt smoke off, and makes the gas your talking about, if your making it in a clandestine lab ( pour the liquid lightning over the salt when ready to gas off the liquid to make the meth pretisipat in the liquid and fall to the bottom like snow)
If they had a practical lab to go with the class there would be full enrollment 😂
Appreciate the spirit of the video but many factual errors
22:27 thalidomide
The perfect example of good enantiomer and the nasty mirror image. Growing up I knew someone who had no arms because of Thalidomide.
wouldn't the OH attached to carbon 6 of morphine be more reactive to nucleophilic attack with acetic anhydride (the phenol motif has decreased nucleophilicity due to resonance compared to alcohol), yielding 6MAM? Though for deacetylation pos 3 does seem to more reactive, due to its stability as a leaving group
Ive been shooting fentanyl for 10 years, all together ive been shooting for 15 almost 16 years im only 30 and fentanyl is weak to me now cause ive been doing it for so long, excecpt for a few fentanyls that ive tryed, like carfentanyl, o-methy fentanyl, methyl fentanyl, ohmefentanyl is a few of the stronge fentanyls i like cause my tolorence is so high, i dont even worry about overdosing, i havent from many years cause its hard to even get high with fentanyl anymore cause ive been doing it for so long, unless its one of the stronger types of fentanyl like the few i just mentioned which isnt the only ones thats super strong, stronger then regular fentanyl or most of the other fentanyls.
I don't understand the difference between coca paste (that farmers make) and crack cocaine (that retailers make from cocaine hcl). They seem the same to me but why wouldn't they just wholesale coca paste to crack distributors instead?
I'm not sure of the details. But a lot of the differences are related to purity or form (powder, particle size, crystalline nature, etc.)
@@dw-forensicchem thanks for making this series avaliable for free!
It’s not the same, coca paste or cocaine (powder) is a hydrochloride, making crack turns it from cocaine hydrochloride into a base, thus making it smokeable. Normal cocaine or the earlier stage paste is not smokeable. Forgot to say that cocaine hydrochloride is a salt, so that’s the main difference, turning it from the hydrochloride salt into a freebase.
@@jordanskidmore3590 coca paste is not a salt from my understanding. My understanding is: Coca paste is a crude amorphous freebase alkaloid extract, being from a plant, it contains similar components from extraction.
This is refined into a more pure cocaine HCl salt for insuflation, and is often cut for reasons of profit and user experience ("snortability". Some even use flavored cuts. Cutting cocaine is quite an art)
Crack is made by reverting the cocaine HCl back to its freebase form. Being that the starting material for making crack is often not pure cocaine HCl with a variety of possible components present, compounded by the often less than ideal procedures, crack is especially "whack".
Now I have heard that "freebase", while similar was also different. popular in upper class drug scenes earlier than the "crack" era, I imagine "freebase" was a much more pure product than "crack" and could have even been in part due to a more controlled and centralized manufacturing process. - this is just theory. I haven't had chance to dig into this "freebase" vs "crack" differentiation.
@@Skunkhunt_42 yea sorry, what I mean is cocaine hydrochloride is a salt, people freebase it to make it smokeable as cocaine hydrochloride is not smokeable. Crack is similar to freebase, one uses bicarbonate the other uses ammonia. But the end results differ but the same in that the powder form of cocaine is now a solid with less cut and turned into a smokeable form that’s so,I’d and able to cross the blood brain barrier at a faster rate so it’s a lot stronger. I’ve never dealt with paste. Thanks
Very informative and interesting but you defently do come whit a couple of incorrect statements but It is minor things
overall i learned/understood new things from this talk thanks
aspin addicts arr everywhere runs livers and backs and tummys all the times lets all grow poppy and just forget the workd id be proud to be addictedbtot that then this crappy world