A full wave voltage doubler actually only needs two diodes. In this circuit (in the CAD drawn version) D3 & D4 are redundant. albeit not doing any harm being there. However, if you add a switch in the line that connects the tapping point between the two caps to the lower AC input you'll have a circuit that can be switched between full wave bridge rectification & full wave voltage doubling, which could be quite handy for some applications.
This may be the greatest ad for a service ever conceived. Start to finish how to get a project delivered to your door step. Perfect for a noobie like me
The doubler is essentially two half-wave rectifiers. I find the ripple to be twice that of a conventional full wave bridge for similar current loads. But I think it could be quite useful in creating a low current split rail PS by following it with 78xx , 79xx regulators in a low current application. That let's you use some of the newer high efficiency AC wall warts and get away from switchers in audio applications.
@@kevinatkab5219 Indeed it is and as such the ripple will be higher as you say. Alesis used to use this topology to derive split rails for the op-amps inside their audio processors from a 9VAC wall wart.
Here is an interesting Monster that does full wave rectifying And doubling so you get almost the same watts out that can go in. upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/ca/Full-wave_Villard_cascade.svg
Nice circuit, I didn't know it. But the value of capacitor does matter when you put some load on the output. The bigger caps the lower ripple and higher current peaks in the input.
I just want to say thank you, I really appreciate your videos. I watch them while I'm driving (more listening) you've given me a lot of confidence/ability when it comes to the complex and amazing world of circuitry. I appreciate you taking the time to help enlighten dummies like me. Good karma your awesome.
I agree - I enjoyed watching the part where he drew the schematic in the design program, but I dont understand what the circuit is supposed to do.. or how it works..
@@SteveJones172pilot I think (plz don't quote me on this) Since there are no amplifying components in here, that the diodes split the positive and negative waves of the AC, and stack the inverted negative wave onto the postive wave (and maybe the caps are like a ripple smoother, smoothing out the rectified signal into a nice flat DC?). If anybody has a better understanding of how this circuit works, please educate me, I'm just spitballing, lol.
hey i just discovered your channel as i am going to college to earn an associates in electronics engineering! and as someone whos self taught in electronics for 3 years, your channel is very knowledgeable! thank you sir!
Nice video. At first I thought it would be an AC doubler (3vac to 6vac) but really its an AC rms to double DC voltage converter (triple with schottky diodes). Hopefully no one plugged this into their 120vac outlet hoping to get out 240v to power their air conditioner (!). The voltage rating of the caps should be at least that of the input voltage or preferably more (2x with Schottkys). The maximum current draw will be determined by the max i rating of the diodes, max rating of the input source, capacitor values and trace widths (or wire sizes if breadboard). Nice demo of the PCB design process using PCBWay - I got the most out of this video for that (I plan on using them someday soon.) An explanation of how the circuit works would be great for newbies. A vertical inline bridge rectifier module would take up less space if building this into a larger project. This is a very simple circuit but for more complex designs best to breadboard/perfboard first then produce a PCB once the design is tested and proven - especially with potential for bugs.
A nice little circuit I don't see often. The voltage is very high because you have no load on the circuit so the caps float to the top of the ac sine instead the RMS value. A simple formula for calculating a reasonable capacitor size for a given load current and ripple would have been a nice bonus since most uses would draw some current from the device.
A suggestion Paul - use a whiteboard. Too much time is spent on the schematic when you could draw the circuit in 2 minutes and spend the rest of the time explaining how it works.
@@santosvella Don't think you would like to see this interaction with software in EVERY video... IMHO a video should serve the title, not another topic. You might better follow a tutorial on drawing schematics once. Just my 2 cents.
Sir I don't understand the AC connection between of the two capacitors ! Can you explain what actually is it doing there ? Is a voltage divider to the output , like the medium transformer reception or because there is no ground to the output it will be always positive ? Actually I am new in this area and trying to learn the basic electronics... Thank you for your time !
I don't understand either. From what I see at the point at which positive comes in it also goes out between the two capacitors. I Do not see it going through the Diode
@@TBL_stevennelson This is simple, but not obvious to see it right away. If you look at the bottom capacitor, a half wave (during negative portion of cycle) bridge rectified DC offset voltage exist. A full bridge rectified DC voltage is generated referenced to the DC offset, not GND or - DC OUT, to generate 2x the voltage.
It looks like one half of the AC goes directly to the capacitor. And to the full wave rectifier. Does it make a difference if the positive or negative is connected there.
@@TBL_stevennelson Without any label reference to the circuit, it's hard to explain in text, but here I go. First, freeze the video at 3:00. At the positive half of the cycle, follow the top AC input signal, say 3V rms, thru the top-right diode(+DC at this point). It will start charging the top capacitor to about1.414*(3V-Vd)=3.25V, where Vd is diode drop voltage of 0.7V, and return path direct to the bottom AC line. At the negative half of the cycle, follow the top AC input signal, again 3V rms, thru the top-left diode(-DC at this point). It will start charging the bottom capacitor to about 1.414*(3V-Vd)=3.25V, and again return path direct to the bottom AC line. Since two capacitors are connected in series, the combined DC OUT will be around 6.5V assuming proper capacitors are used.
@@SurajGrewal look up how a full wave bridge rectifier operates, then you will understand that in fact all 4 diodes re being used. AC alternates from pos to neg. When the top AC input goes Pos the current travels through D2, when the top AC input goes Neg the current travels through D1. When the bottom AC input goes Pos the current travels through D4. When the bottom AC input goes Neg the current travels through D3. Thus using all 4 diodes.
It is. Twice the voltage out, twice the ripple too. It's handy when you need really high voltages but don't want to pay for a transformer that can handle that much.
Hi Joseph, this is a good kit. It's a little FM radio that runs off batteries. It's 99% through hole, but it has 1 single surface mount IC. It will give you a good variety of things to solder and you'll have something useful when you're done. It's $9 from my Amazon store.
How did you get your AC supply voltage? +3.28 to -4.5 range on your scope? As it's definitely not wall socket AC (+/-110V) and likely low current I am wondering if it comes from a signal generator or a benchtop PSU?
Wow this is new to me! Suppose you wanted to use this type of circuit with high current rated diodes in an auto application (say up to 10-15 amps). Would the capacitors need to be larger to maintain the current? Just thinking about my 6v ac motorbike alternator converting to 12v dc.
3:21 its called blocking diodes with the 0.6v drop not silicone junction diode :s also your shotkys has higher leak current in revers direction. There is just so much wrong here.
I wonder if if it's possible to draw a full bridge rectifier wrong, as long as you have an even number of diodes in each direction. Flipping two should arguably produce a 90° rotated circuit, depending on which two you flip.
Paul, Can you show us how to build a circuit that simulates AC like you get from a Signal Generator? all this arguing over if the circuit you built here is a Full Wave or Half and if diodes are wasted and i am wishing for you to show us how to build a function Gen PCB i can do square and sawtooth but what about when you need Simulated AC sine Op amps use it too. thanks :)
My grandma had CHF, she outlived it. Barely! Just be damn careful about the blood thinners & the dietary changes. Things can get out of wack really fast. Hang in there and thank you for the great natural videos on topic! I still haven’t used my Hantek DSO as much as I watched you use it.
On your ground plane, I notice that you don’t have thermal reliefs on the connections to ground pins. This makes soldering really difficult. Usually it’s an option in your PCB software.
Thanks you for sharing the knowledge, i would like to ask a question about loading effect on the circuit after connecting it with a load, do the voltage still remain 9 volt? Or the voltage is drop.
Super great Video,, have been wanting to learn how to do a copper pour for quite some time now... Just wondering Why you didn't do a copper pour on the top side of the board only on the bottom?
The AC input is 3+/- volts RMS, which is >4.2 volts PEAK. The Caps charge to the peak voltage.That's why the DC volts out is "more than double" the input volts.
And if the neutral connection between the capacitors has a switch inline, you can toggle between regular voltage double current, and double voltage half current. It can be more difficult to understand circuits you'v never seen before, if the concept isn't something you'v seen elsewhere..
Thanks for a video that shows SO MUCH!! I was just curious about two things, are you familiar with: 1) The way the doubler works in the ATX PC power supply? 2) The 10K rule (by Don Lancaster)? The 10k rule essentially says that for a FWB (four diode rectifier), for every Amp pulled from the DC output port, you get ONE volt of ripple per output with 10,000uF of filter capacitance (actually it's 8200uF, as this is somewhat conservative. Of course this applies to a standard FWB, NOT a doubler. Also if you use a half wave rectifier, the ripple doubles, thus requiring twice the capacitance to get back to 1v of ripple (from 1/2 Vripple)... a little something I remember from "Hardware Hacker" in the '80's. I just thought you may find this interesting, if, by chance, you didn't see it. Again, GREAT VIDEO!!
Great work Paul, I like your friendly simple explanations. Here's one for you: Is it possible to create an AC variable voltage power supply without resorting to expensive variacs? Been searching for ages with no luck!
Now I'm curious. I have a gen that has 80-100vac off the stator. Can a circuit like this be used to convert to DC so I can send to my solar mppt charge controller to charge batteries? It's a 40 amp controller.
80-100Vac means, it can take a reactive load of 100vac, means the max volt output it can have is x amount of volts and max current it can supply is y, and x times y =80-100 your charge controller can handle upto 40amps coming from solar pannel....your question is invlaid
Do you recommend Diptrace over other EDA's? I'm looking for a good, free EDA for the hobbyist that does schematics, PCB design and is compatible with PCB manufacturers. Perhaps you could do a video on EDA's if you haven't already. Really enjoy your videos!
Hi, I enjoy the Circuits You Should Know. I want to learn what the components are doing. How do the diodes rectify for example? I noticed this in most of the circuits you show. I do not want to learn by rote memory. I want to know what is going on within the circuit. A future Patreon. Thanks, Brad
@@legominimovieproductions The meter has a 10M ohm input impedance. It isn't much of a load. If you put a real load on the circuit, you'll hit the limit of what the capacitors can supply, and the capacitor size will matter. It all looks the same because he has practically no load on it.
Why did you add a copper pour for DC- on the bottom of the circuit? What is the reasoning and design purpose behind this? btw, keep up with the PCB design, I'm definitely interested in learning more about the design and understanding of design layouts with taking into account multiple layers, heatsinks, etc!
For this trivial PCB (where there is no need for a whole fancy ground plane) the only reason I can think of is to not have to etch-away a lot of copper needlessly and use up more etch-fluid. Not sure if it makes any difference in cost though. If you run it continuously with high power diods it could also serve as a "poor-mans" heatsink.
A useful addition to the process would be to simulate the circuit. I suggest doing this between the paper drawing and PCB CAD layout. This allows changes in connection and component values to be quickly tried without making a PCB. Fee professional grade simulation software is LTSpice. Happy Electronics :-)
I know it's beyond the scope of this video, but it is recommended to put balancing resistors across the capacitors because when they discharge they are in series. That resistor should have a value that allows more current to flow than the leakage current of the capacitors.
@@David-bc4rh no, by sinking a current greater than the leakage one, they make sure the capacitors stay at roughly the same charge level between each other, allowing full discharge without any capacitor being reverse biased. Without this resistors the capacitor with the greatest leakage will discharge faster and that excess current charge the other one. It's not that important in a circuit that is constantly being charged and not depleted much between cycles but it is for some applications of this same circuit, besides the resistors act as bleeder resistors to discharge the capacitors when unplugged and avoid a nasty shock.
Thank you. This is actually an information doubler. I learned how to double voltage and work up a PCB Way from idea to board. Working with different diodes was a nice way to sneak in a voltage tripler. A nice PCB Way to teach 3 things. Fantastic and fun. From Mr. Bill.
Great video! Thanks for showing the order method for ordering PCB's. Just to be clear. I am a total noobie. No doubt this has been raised further down in the comments section. The full wave bridge rectifier utilizes every part of the sine wave being fed to it? Under load the output may have better a ripple when measured than say a similar circuit using only 2 diodes to rectify not to mention being a more efficient ?
@@learnelectronics Thank you for clarifying this. By the way I would like to see more videos like this where you go through the PCB process on basic circuits. I find it very interesting
what a great idea for a first circuit, just don't hook mains up to a lite version. I've been thinking about building the big brother for some dirty 240v output. probably a bad idea but hey what can I do it will cost a bunch more to do it the right way. great video Paul, and I salute you too.
I'm no electrical engineer, but don't you have exposed mains voltage on your board? Or is that tied to neutral? Also, can you show us the difference with and without mains tied to your caps? Thanks and take care of yourself.
This circuit reminds me of the HV diode/capitor chain circuit which steps up low voltage DC to HVDC usually a couple thousand volts...basically cascading the back end of this circuit so the increase is exponential - you only need a few stages to accomplish that (ZAP! - ouch). Of course you can get very HV DC modules on Aliexpress for a few bucks but the values are questionable (400,000 v !) and they can only work as zappers briefly.
Yes do auto route but don't allow it to use a 2 side board. If he had defined his board a 3 layers it would have used them all. best way to auto route is to pick 1 side and if it fails then go 2 layer, then 3 etc until it allows a valid path.
@@another1commenter770 sometimes manual route is the only way to find with 1-layer how to do. Sometimes autoroute don't find the solution as long as it doesn't change components' position. This circuit is possible in single layer.
As always have you made a great video that is so well explained that even I can understand it! :-) You show a AC Voltage doubler, I know that it is also possible to build an AC divider and even a DC Voltage divider. But what about a DC Voltage doubler?
This circuit is neither a "classic" nor a "bridge". The way you have it connected, diodes D3 and D4 are always reverse-biased (non-conducting) and can be eliminated. The active part of the circuit which remains is simply a standard 2-diode full-wave doubler.
Did you know without omega 6 in your diet your body can't produce imflamation? I was reading the hands thing and thought I'd tell you. You don't have to eat that way forever but it can really help.
Never heard of this circuit but i agree it's a good one to know. Like how you switched up the diode type on the second board...nice touch there. Salute all veterans!
Interesting, but I think if you're teaching people electronics you shouldn't assign differences in output voltage to one variable (diode type) when you have two variables (diode type and capacitor value). First prove that capacitor value doesn't really matter, then show that diode type does.
A full wave voltage doubler actually only needs two diodes. In this circuit (in the CAD drawn version) D3 & D4 are redundant. albeit not doing any harm being there. However, if you add a switch in the line that connects the tapping point between the two caps to the lower AC input you'll have a circuit that can be switched between full wave bridge rectification & full wave voltage doubling, which could be quite handy for some applications.
Like building a switchmode power supply that accepts 120V/240V input with only no complex PFC circuitry.
This may be the greatest ad for a service ever conceived. Start to finish how to get a project delivered to your door step. Perfect for a noobie like me
The doubler is essentially two half-wave rectifiers. I find the ripple to be twice that of a conventional full wave bridge for similar current loads. But I think it could be quite useful in creating a low current split rail PS by following it with 78xx , 79xx regulators in a low current application. That let's you use some of the newer high efficiency AC wall warts and get away from switchers in audio applications.
@@kevinatkab5219 Indeed it is and as such the ripple will be higher as you say. Alesis used to use this topology to derive split rails for the op-amps inside their audio processors from a 9VAC wall wart.
Here is an interesting Monster that does full wave rectifying And doubling so you get almost the same watts out that can go in. upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/ca/Full-wave_Villard_cascade.svg
Nice circuit, I didn't know it. But the value of capacitor does matter when you put some load on the output. The bigger caps the lower ripple and higher current peaks in the input.
I work with high voltage low current circuits and the value of the capacitors in a doubler/multiplier makes a HUGE difference.
@Human Being The conversation goes like a little bit like that:
- "It is raining."
- "NOT TRUE!!!, it is raining."
I just want to say thank you, I really appreciate your videos. I watch them while I'm driving (more listening) you've given me a lot of confidence/ability when it comes to the complex and amazing world of circuitry. I appreciate you taking the time to help enlighten dummies like me. Good karma your awesome.
Nice. Video! What’s the name of the circuit board design software?
an explanation would have been useful, so to have a better understanding of the why this circuit works as a voltage doubler 😉
I agree - I enjoyed watching the part where he drew the schematic in the design program, but I dont understand what the circuit is supposed to do.. or how it works..
@@SteveJones172pilot I think (plz don't quote me on this) Since there are no amplifying components in here, that the diodes split the positive and negative waves of the AC, and stack the inverted negative wave onto the postive wave (and maybe the caps are like a ripple smoother, smoothing out the rectified signal into a nice flat DC?). If anybody has a better understanding of how this circuit works, please educate me, I'm just spitballing, lol.
hey i just discovered your channel as i am going to college to earn an associates in electronics engineering! and as someone whos self taught in electronics for 3 years, your channel is very knowledgeable! thank you sir!
Nice video. At first I thought it would be an AC doubler (3vac to 6vac) but really its an AC rms to double DC voltage converter (triple with schottky diodes). Hopefully no one plugged this into their 120vac outlet hoping to get out 240v to power their air conditioner (!). The voltage rating of the caps should be at least that of the input voltage or preferably more (2x with Schottkys). The maximum current draw will be determined by the max i rating of the diodes, max rating of the input source, capacitor values and trace widths (or wire sizes if breadboard). Nice demo of the PCB design process using PCBWay - I got the most out of this video for that (I plan on using them someday soon.) An explanation of how the circuit works would be great for newbies. A vertical inline bridge rectifier module would take up less space if building this into a larger project. This is a very simple circuit but for more complex designs best to breadboard/perfboard first then produce a PCB once the design is tested and proven - especially with potential for bugs.
A nice little circuit I don't see often. The voltage is very high because you have no load on the circuit so the caps float to the top of the ac sine instead the RMS value. A simple formula for calculating a reasonable capacitor size for a given load current and ripple would have been a nice bonus since most uses would draw some current from the device.
A suggestion Paul - use a whiteboard. Too much time is spent on the schematic when you could draw the circuit in 2 minutes and spend the rest of the time explaining how it works.
I actually learned from the schematic design, which was really interesting.
@@santosvella Don't think you would like to see this interaction with software in EVERY video... IMHO a video should serve the title, not another topic. You might better follow
a tutorial on drawing schematics once. Just my 2 cents.
As ever, really informative for a newbie, Brill intro to getting pcbs designed and made. Thanks
Sir I don't understand the AC connection between of the two capacitors ! Can you explain what actually is it doing there ? Is a voltage divider to the output , like the medium transformer reception or because there is no ground to the output it will be always positive ? Actually I am new in this area and trying to learn the basic electronics... Thank you for your time !
After the diode rectifier, it's a DC voltage.
I don't understand either.
From what I see at the point at which positive comes in it also goes out between the two capacitors. I Do not see it going through the Diode
@@TBL_stevennelson This is simple, but not obvious to see it right away. If you look at the bottom capacitor, a half wave (during negative portion of cycle) bridge rectified DC offset voltage exist. A full bridge rectified DC voltage is generated referenced to the DC offset, not GND or - DC OUT, to generate 2x the voltage.
It looks like one half of the AC goes directly to the capacitor. And to the full wave rectifier. Does it make a difference if the positive or negative is connected there.
@@TBL_stevennelson Without any label reference to the circuit, it's hard to explain in text, but here I go.
First, freeze the video at 3:00. At the positive half of the cycle, follow the top AC input signal, say 3V rms, thru the top-right diode(+DC at this point). It will start charging the top capacitor to about1.414*(3V-Vd)=3.25V, where Vd is diode drop voltage of 0.7V, and return path direct to the bottom AC line.
At the negative half of the cycle, follow the top AC input signal, again 3V rms, thru the top-left diode(-DC at this point). It will start charging the bottom capacitor to about 1.414*(3V-Vd)=3.25V, and again return path direct to the bottom AC line.
Since two capacitors are connected in series, the combined DC OUT will be around 6.5V assuming proper capacitors are used.
A very conceptive series! I hope for you release more video!
I'm learning all the time with this channel!
Why not use 2 fewer diodes? Namely d3 and d4.
Then it becomes a 1/2 wave rectifier, with 4 diodes becomes full wave, delivering more power available.
@@ae1tpa92gwtom2 nope... Look closely, There's no flow through them
@@SurajGrewal look up how a full wave bridge rectifier operates, then you will understand that in fact all 4 diodes re being used. AC alternates from pos to neg. When the top AC input goes Pos the current travels through D2, when the top AC input goes Neg the current travels through D1. When the bottom AC input goes Pos the current travels through D4. When the bottom AC input goes Neg the current travels through D3. Thus using all 4 diodes.
@@beauclark2199 nope...look closely. no current flow across d3,d4.
@@andymouse seems that I was right :D it's just a classic doubler with 2 extra (and useless) diodes.
it's just 2 half wave stuck together.
I was mislead in by the word "doubler" in the title. Suddenly it felt like there was a new improvement to the bridge rectifier I did not know about.
It is. Twice the voltage out, twice the ripple too. It's handy when you need really high voltages but don't want to pay for a transformer that can handle that much.
What is a good beginners electronic kit that will help you to learn to solder and the basic circuits?
Hi Joseph, this is a good kit. It's a little FM radio that runs off batteries. It's 99% through hole, but it has 1 single surface mount IC. It will give you a good variety of things to solder and you'll have something useful when you're done. It's $9 from my Amazon store.
For what did you made the third Outputpoint(+)from AC? - But nice thanks.
How did you get your AC supply voltage? +3.28 to -4.5 range on your scope? As it's definitely not wall socket AC (+/-110V) and likely low current I am wondering if it comes from a signal generator or a benchtop PSU?
signal gen
Shouldn't The AC be "Live" and "Neutral", not + and -? ;)
Label it however you like
Electrician would scold you big time for using + and - for naming live (hot) and neutral wires, but in electronics it is not such a big deal
@@learnelectronics *as long as it's not +/- because that already means something ;)
Would it not be simpler to use a one chip bridge rectifier?
What is the Capacitor voltage and the capacitance? Can i use it for a load of +8Amp?
0:25
You tried 😂😂
Electoboom fam
Wow this is new to me! Suppose you wanted to use this type of circuit with high current rated diodes in an auto application (say up to 10-15 amps). Would the capacitors need to be larger to maintain the current? Just thinking about my 6v ac motorbike alternator converting to 12v dc.
3:21 its called blocking diodes with the 0.6v drop not silicone junction diode :s
also your shotkys has higher leak current in revers direction. There is just so much wrong here.
Desr Sir would it be possible to get your gerber file of this bridge doubler? Would be great! Thanks, Boris🇨🇭
I wonder if if it's possible to draw a full bridge rectifier wrong, as long as you have an even number of diodes in each direction. Flipping two should arguably produce a 90° rotated circuit, depending on which two you flip.
Love the Diptrace program. Just downloaded the 300 pin freeware version to try it out. Thank you for info.
Paul, Can you show us how to build a circuit that simulates AC like you get from a Signal Generator? all this arguing over if the circuit you built here is a Full Wave or Half and if diodes are wasted and i am wishing for you to show us how to build a function Gen PCB i can do square and sawtooth but what about when you need Simulated AC sine Op amps use it too. thanks :)
My grandma had CHF, she outlived it. Barely! Just be damn careful about the blood thinners & the dietary changes. Things can get out of wack really fast. Hang in there and thank you for the great natural videos on topic! I still haven’t used my Hantek DSO as much as I watched you use it.
On your ground plane, I notice that you don’t have thermal reliefs on the connections to ground pins. This makes soldering really difficult. Usually it’s an option in your PCB software.
Thanks you for sharing the knowledge, i would like to ask a question about loading effect on the circuit after connecting it with a load, do the voltage still remain 9 volt? Or the voltage is drop.
This video was awesome! So fun to watch and very informative . Thanks for the great content!
PC dc supplies use a spdt switch to change 120-240 power input to the switching supply so like 300vdc is stepped down to low voltage.
what is apps you use to design pcb board ??
D2 and d3 are always off due to cap voltage, so they do nothing.
Grate workdone...
What are the Names of applications you used to draw the circuit?
He already told you.....................DIPTRACE
What is that second output for?
Super great Video,, have been wanting to learn how to do a copper pour for quite some time now... Just wondering Why you didn't do a copper pour on the top side of the board only on the bottom?
Again Paul an interesting little circuit to know about and as you mention in the comments; versatile with a wee bit of tinkerin. Cheers 😉
The AC input is 3+/- volts RMS, which is >4.2 volts PEAK. The Caps charge to the peak voltage.That's why the DC volts out is "more than double" the input volts.
Thank you for this series. It's really, really helpful.
I figured it out. The ground is connected to the middle of the two capacitors.
I think this wasnt easily understood. Or maybe its me
And if the neutral connection between the capacitors has a switch inline, you can toggle between regular voltage double current, and double voltage half current. It can be more difficult to understand circuits you'v never seen before, if the concept isn't something you'v seen elsewhere..
Thanks for a video that shows SO MUCH!!
I was just curious about two things, are you familiar with:
1) The way the doubler works in the ATX PC power supply?
2) The 10K rule (by Don Lancaster)?
The 10k rule essentially says that for a FWB (four diode rectifier), for every Amp pulled from the DC output port, you get ONE volt of ripple per output with 10,000uF of filter capacitance (actually it's 8200uF, as this is somewhat conservative. Of course this applies to a standard FWB, NOT a doubler. Also if you use a half wave rectifier, the ripple doubles, thus requiring twice the capacitance to get back to 1v of ripple (from 1/2 Vripple)... a little something I remember from "Hardware Hacker" in the '80's.
I just thought you may find this interesting, if, by chance, you didn't see it.
Again, GREAT VIDEO!!
Very cool info, thanks
Great work Paul, I like your friendly simple explanations. Here's one for you: Is it possible to create an AC variable voltage power supply without resorting to expensive variacs? Been searching for ages with no luck!
Michael Bishop : Are you dropping current or voltage with the dimmer? Don’t rheostats (light dimmer) vary current?
Dimmers just chop up the sine wave dont they? I'm looking for a variable amplitude if that makes sense?
Maybe a variable sine wave oscillator coupled with an amplifier? Won't power anything too high current, but should be good enough for a lot of things
Now I'm curious. I have a gen that has 80-100vac off the stator. Can a circuit like this be used to convert to DC so I can send to my solar mppt charge controller to charge batteries? It's a 40 amp controller.
Solar is not my area of expertise. I cant offer you any advice there, sorry.
80-100Vac means, it can take a reactive load of 100vac, means the max volt output it can have is x amount of volts and max current it can supply is y, and x times y =80-100
your charge controller can handle upto 40amps coming from solar pannel....your question is invlaid
Your personality is the best!!!!
Thank you, appreciate it.
Do you recommend Diptrace over other EDA's? I'm looking for a good, free EDA for the hobbyist that does schematics, PCB design and is compatible with PCB manufacturers. Perhaps you could do a video on EDA's if you haven't already. Really enjoy your videos!
Hi, I enjoy the Circuits You Should Know. I want to learn what the components are doing. How do the diodes rectify for example? I noticed this in most of the circuits you show. I do not want to learn by rote memory. I want to know what is going on within the circuit.
A future Patreon.
Thanks,
Brad
I noticed that Donato made the same point.
th-cam.com/play/PLGhvWnPsCr59UABN4iEhmGlRaNd1wqOof.html
The capacitance does matter when you have more than a 10M ohm load on it.
Star Gazer 10Mohm load? Thats not taking much power, so whats the reason the capacitance matters?
@@legominimovieproductions The meter has a 10M ohm input impedance. It isn't much of a load. If you put a real load on the circuit, you'll hit the limit of what the capacitors can supply, and the capacitor size will matter. It all looks the same because he has practically no load on it.
If a real load was on the circuit, more than the high impedance of a voltmeter, the capacitance would be important
Yep, he missed a chance to tell show us why the amount of capacitance >IS< important!
Star Gazer , the rule of thumb is 2200uF per Amp of load.
What's the name of the software you're using?
Mean = Average. When you rectify AC you have to consider Peak-to-peak voltage. That's why it was more than double the DC voltage. :)
Why did you add a copper pour for DC- on the bottom of the circuit? What is the reasoning and design purpose behind this? btw, keep up with the PCB design, I'm definitely interested in learning more about the design and understanding of design layouts with taking into account multiple layers, heatsinks, etc!
For this trivial PCB (where there is no need for a whole fancy ground plane) the only reason I can think of is to not have to etch-away a lot of copper needlessly and use up more etch-fluid. Not sure if it makes any difference in cost though. If you run it continuously with high power diods it could also serve as a "poor-mans" heatsink.
A useful addition to the process would be to simulate the circuit. I suggest doing this between the paper drawing and PCB CAD layout. This allows changes in connection and component values to be quickly tried without making a PCB. Fee professional grade simulation software is LTSpice. Happy Electronics :-)
FYI: This is 2 half-wave power supplies, +ve and -ve.
2 of the diodes never conduct and are redundant.
I know it's beyond the scope of this video, but it is recommended to put balancing resistors across the capacitors because when they discharge they are in series. That resistor should have a value that allows more current to flow than the leakage current of the capacitors.
you mean the resistor will prevent the lower leakage voltage but allow the full discharge?
@@David-bc4rh no, by sinking a current greater than the leakage one, they make sure the capacitors stay at roughly the same charge level between each other, allowing full discharge without any capacitor being reverse biased.
Without this resistors the capacitor with the greatest leakage will discharge faster and that excess current charge the other one.
It's not that important in a circuit that is constantly being charged and not depleted much between cycles but it is for some applications of this same circuit, besides the resistors act as bleeder resistors to discharge the capacitors when unplugged and avoid a nasty shock.
Thank you. This is actually an information doubler. I learned how to double voltage and work up a PCB Way from idea to board. Working with different diodes was a nice way to sneak in a voltage tripler. A nice PCB Way to teach 3 things. Fantastic and fun. From Mr. Bill.
Love your lessons.
I saw what you did there... correcting the wire connections off camera and then coming back with "magically" proper junctions.
"what is wit'chu 'lil bug" (in the cutest voice ever) as he squashes it!! OMG!!!
And arguably only silly people care about the shape of hands. The information is the important bit.
what was the design software used?
Great video! Thanks for showing the order method for ordering PCB's.
Just to be clear. I am a total noobie.
No doubt this has been raised further down in the comments section.
The full wave bridge rectifier utilizes every part of the sine wave being fed to it? Under load the output may have better a ripple when measured than say a similar circuit using only 2 diodes to rectify not to mention being a more efficient ?
The full Bridge rectifier takes the AC flips half of it around into DC at twice the frequency
@@learnelectronics
Thank you for clarifying this.
By the way I would like to see more videos like this where you go through the PCB process on basic circuits.
I find it very interesting
Cool. Big thanks to you for wearing the uniform.
what a great idea for a first circuit, just don't hook mains up to a lite version. I've been thinking about building the big brother for some dirty 240v output. probably a bad idea but hey what can I do it will cost a bunch more to do it the right way. great video Paul, and I salute you too.
just make sure those big capacitors are well armored and tucked away
Great lesson! I learned a lot. Thanks.
What is the name of the software you are using?
I use Kicad and Diptrace
I'm no electrical engineer, but don't you have exposed mains voltage on your board? Or is that tied to neutral?
Also, can you show us the difference with and without mains tied to your caps?
Thanks and take care of yourself.
There is no mains voltage he was using a signal generator.
Hi mate, I love you series of circuits you should know, please keep it running.
This circuit reminds me of the HV diode/capitor chain circuit which steps up low voltage DC to HVDC usually a couple thousand volts...basically cascading the back end of this circuit so the increase is exponential - you only need a few stages to accomplish that (ZAP! - ouch). Of course you can get very HV DC modules on Aliexpress for a few bucks but the values are questionable (400,000 v !) and they can only work as zappers briefly.
I realy like your work
You just got yourself a subscriber.
Awsome. Also ty for protecting your country my friend.
That's a nice neat little circuit, thanks for sharing my friend.
Full Bridge Rectifier, like ElectroBoom teached us, not a Doubler
wrong, but thanks for playing
What circuit design software are you using?
Diptrace
Way cool video. 😁 Thanks to you and all fellow vets too!
Nice lesson
don't o autorouter, you can make this without double sided copper but instead you could do it with a single layer, in fact.
Yes do auto route but don't allow it to use a 2 side board. If he had defined his board a 3 layers it would have used them all. best way to auto route is to pick 1 side and if it fails then go 2 layer, then 3 etc until it allows a valid path.
@@another1commenter770 sometimes manual route is the only way to find with 1-layer how to do. Sometimes autoroute don't find the solution as long as it doesn't change components' position. This circuit is possible in single layer.
As always have you made a great video that is so well explained that even I can understand it! :-)
You show a AC Voltage doubler, I know that it is also possible to build an AC divider and even a DC Voltage divider. But what about a DC Voltage doubler?
Boost converter. :)
It isn’t Veterans Day but I salute you veterans too!
This circuit is neither a "classic" nor a "bridge". The way you have it connected, diodes D3 and D4 are always reverse-biased (non-conducting) and can be eliminated. The active part of the circuit which remains is simply a standard 2-diode full-wave doubler.
Deligintly great job......, peace ✌️
Thanks!
@1:47 YOU KILLED BOB!
What are the capacitors actually doing in this circuit?
Doubling the voltage in conjunction with the diode as in Cockroft-Walton
I SALUTE YOU back Paul, Thank you for your Service Brother, yesterday was also my 43 year enlistment anniversary US Army Signal Corp. 76 - 82
Thanks for that.
Paul, shouldnt this have been a collaboration with ElectroBoom? You build it, he blows it(himself) up?
Good idea!
Pretty interesting, dude!!! Thanks! 😃
You’re the Bob Ross of circuits.
It's a happy little transistor
Operational theory?
Did you know without omega 6 in your diet your body can't produce imflamation? I was reading the hands thing and thought I'd tell you. You don't have to eat that way forever but it can really help.
Hou merci Paul! Very instructive video for me. What is your software? Not use use Kicad?
I used DipTrace this time. I use kicad as well.
@@learnelectronics OK. I am interested in a demonstration with kicad occasionally when it will be possible. Thank you for everything!
I wonder what those 3 downvotes were all about? The video was great.
I could explain multiple reasons why it wasn't, but I suspect you don't wanna hear it.
Nice video. Keep it up.
I have these useless ac wall warts this maybe a good way to convert them
Steven Nelson be careful. There is no isolation from mains voltage. Wall warts are transformers with two windings, a bit less painful.
Dude you threw everyone for a loop with this one. LOL.
Never heard of this circuit but i agree it's a good one to know. Like how you switched up the diode type on the second board...nice touch there. Salute all veterans!
NOW PUT DIFFERENT CAPACITOR VALUE AND VERIFY AGAIN TO SEE IF THE VALUE DON'T REALLY MATTER. WITH AND WITHOUT LOAD. 👍👍
Common Core Math 2 x 3 = 9? Emmmmmm
Interesting, but I think if you're teaching people electronics you shouldn't assign differences in output voltage to one variable (diode type) when you have two variables (diode type and capacitor value). First prove that capacitor value doesn't really matter, then show that diode type does.