Дача нам нужна чтобы жарить шашлык, лежать в гамаке и ходить в баню. У меня на даче живут коты. Они не живут взаперти в доме. У них есть люк в полу, чтобы свободно выходить на улицу. Они ловят мышей и птиц. Они свободные коты. В городе так не получится. В городе коты погибнут от автомобилей или собак. А на даче можно.
Not just Russia, but almost in every post-Soviet state. Usually you go there to have a beer, eat some shashlyk (BBQ) and farm some small veggies like potatoes and onions.
tip: in Russia or adjacent countries (CIS) you can use yandex maps. They are much more detailed (even more detailed than Google maps in the USA) and have a good 360 coverage
we had these in Poland too, though I don't think we called them Dachas. They're basically little garden plots, and each of them has a little shed or cabin on it that many people have turned into summer cottages. They're nice places in the summer, they feel like little villages and you forget you're next to a big city.
I'm Polish and born in the communist era. These "garden plot areas" are state or town-owned and still exist; they have had a bit of a renaissance since the pandemic limited people's options to spend time outdoors. As far as I can tell, the idea comes from East Germany in the post-WW2 time of austerity, when it was easier to let prople grow their own vegetables than provide enough produce from nationalised farms.
Americans don't have a name for that, but Brits actually have a very similar thing called allotment gardens, so I think this would be the best translation of our działka and the Russian dacha.
Fun fact: Dacha's were given for free to most of the state workers, like teachers, military personnel, officials. And the initial purpose of it was to have a local backup food supply in the case of a nuclear war, where people could feed themselves for some time. This idea really saved millions during 90's however when Russia's economy collapsed.
They actually gave land. Usually six sotok. And you had to build your own house and garden, and the houses had to be of a certain type. To look similar. Also, a person with a dacha was obliged to maintain a vegetable garden and not to abandon it.
Дача нужна была бывшим крестьянам, которые переехали в города. И привыкли копаться в земле. Это старая привычка. Многим бывшим крестьянам было скучно в городе без огорода.) Сейчас уже нет этого старого поколения. И никто не выращивает картошку на даче. Жарят шашлык или пьют пиво, лежа в гамаке как Гомер Симпсон.
@@kotnapromke я из семьи рабочих и интеллигентов в котором поколении. Крестьянами были прапра предки. Дача и сад в ней это круто. Обожаю сады, коптить рыбу, шашлыки, собирать свои ягоды вместо магазинных летом. Это привычка копаться? Думаю нет. Дачу имеет и мой друг бухгалтер. Обожает свежий воздух, сад, баню. Также как и я не огородничает сильно. Третий друг программист-инженер. Дачу особо не любит, но опять же гостить там если без картошки обожает. Опять же ягоды и сад
@@BonduoChannel Это ваши гены, тысяч поколений крестьян возбудились! Вот я их старательно уничтожаю городским образом жизни. Мне противно копаться в земле. Мне нравится техника, металл, компьютеры и прочее. Грязь, земля это скучно и тупо. Природу обожаю, но только для туризма и мото-вело. Тяпки, червяки, навоз - не, это нахер, нахер. Это для пенсов, кто уже к земле готовится сам.
Writing this from my parents' dacha near Moscow, we came to visit them here for the winter holidays. Usually dachas are indeed small summer homes with very basic amenities that you visit for short time to tend the garden and maybe have a barbecue but they can also be nice country homes with electricity, gas, plumbing, a septic tank, and everything else you need to live permanently in any season. They usually have gardens as well, ranging from a few veggie patches to nice gardens with trees and flowers. A lot of people in Russia have them, probably because living in an apartment block like most Russians do kinda makes you yearn for some place on land to escape to. Also our large dacha really helped us survive the hell of the COVID times since escaping to the country was of the few ways for city dwellers to get some fresh air without breaking the quarantine.
I live in Moscow. Dachas nowadays are more like country houses, harvesting is not the main goal. We use our dacha for relaxing, making barbecue, just staying outside the city. We have all conveniences and even gas heating.
@@Geomarginonly in recent years with post-deficit generation taking lead dachas become more of the relaxation places. I've seen many memes and heard countless internet stories of about their dacha childhood experience: school is over, parents send you to dacha and apart from a decent house there are only rows and rows of garden beds in sight. And you've got to help your grandparents to handle all of it. One streamer even said he would want to poison all of blacksoils with tons and tons of salt so no children would ever be forced to suffer. Also your grandpa might be too fond of his army service, does random shit and is an alcoholic. And hope you have a river nearby - it's the best place to find others, but even without one there are still places of interest or a street to socialise! Unless like me it's only now you realise you should and could have🥲
It's so unexpected that someone on TH-cam is exploring the architecture and concept of building of your hometown. Togliatti (as well as Naberezhnye Chelny) is a city, built according to the new concept of the Soviet city, which was worked on in the 50s and 60s. Architects tried to improve the microdistrict layout. I can recommend an article (but it's in Russian): "ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ПЛАНИРОВОЧНОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ НОВЕЙШИХ ГОРОДОВ ТОЛЬЯТТИ И НАБЕРЕЖНЫЕ ЧЕЛНЫ" by the author В. Павличенков. Greetings from Togliatti!
In Sweden we call these "koloniträdgårdar" (colony gardens), a way for city people to grow some veggies even if they don't have gardens attached to their homes.
Yes ... this idea is widespread. Russia, the former states of the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe (so everything east of Germany) call them Dacha, in Germany and Austria they are called Schrebergarten/Kleingarten, in the United Kingdom they are called allotments, etc. When people were forced to migrate into cities, they wanted a small space in nature to do gardening and plant vegetables for their own consumption.
It's so quiet in Dacha. All you hear is birds singing and some neighbour moving lawn or something. Truly relaxing. You can do gardening, eat and sunbathe. Potatoes, cucumbers, tomatos, all kinds of berries. You can find it all there.
We do have these in norway too, even though it's hard to believe because of the terrain. Here they're called "kolonihager" or "Colony gardens" directly translated to English, but ours are have really tiny cottages ( almost like a play house cottage ), and some have greenhouses on their lot.
In Russia, the tradition of having a "dacha" started in the early 20th century. Wealthy people began buying summer houses outside cities, often near railway stations. These houses gave them a chance to enjoy nature and get away from the polluted cities. During the Soviet era, when private property was banned, dachas changed their purpose. They became small plots of land where workers could grow vegetables and fruits for their families. At first, the government tried to limit this, but under Khrushchev, things changed. Because there were shortages of goods, the government started giving small plots of land, usually between 400 and 1,000 m2, to workers' families. People could build small summer houses and grow food there. In the later years of the Soviet Union, these plots became even more important as shortages got worse. After the Soviet Union collapsed, many people privatized their dacha plots. Some kept using them for gardening, while others turned them into places to relax or built proper homes to live in all year round.
Not wrong but i would say having one of those was quite a privilege back then. It was kind of like a big bonus for a good work, those who were successful and well connected got them first. I dont think people really were living from the land until the late 80s and 90s when soviet union collapsed.
Food shortages became a thing only at the end of 1980s, before that people used dachas mostly for getting a better variety of food: fresh vegetables, fruits, etc. It wasn't like you would starve to death in USSR without a dacha...
@@taintedPot A dacha plot was not a privilege for Soviet citizens. Anyone who wanted and had the strength to run a garden plot could take a plot in a gardening association. It was necessary to make a contribution of about one hundred rubles, which is slightly less than the average monthly salary. And you received at your complete disposal an uncultivated plot of land of six hundred square meters.
Nonsense. First of all, term dacha describe very different things. - dachas arrived in early 18 century, it was lands with size of tiny country where owners lived in palaces. - already in 19 century around cities were dozens thousands of dachas. They had nothing similar exclusively with rich, otherwise, they were cheaper than apartments in cities (extremely expensive prior to 20 century). - initially at soviet times so-called dachas represent collective fruit/vegetables gardens, it was collective form of private business. That companies sold own vegetables/fruits on markets. Private property and business was banned only in 1960s by Khrushchev. - in 1940s was allowed to have dachas in individual property, not only collective. - from 1930s arrived dachas as form of place for rest, houses there built state. It was big houses, such dachas got important person, like scientists, poets, etc. on that dachas there was no place to grow anything, in most cases it is just house inside of forest. - in 1970s was allowed on dachas which were un collective property to build small summer houses, dachas from business transformed into place where people just spent weekends for fun. Garden dacha got modern meaning and became similar to that dachas which built state before for important persons. - in 1980s were removed most restrictions for garden dachas and people started to build pretty big houses. But anyway till nowadays exist misc restrictions, state don’t want that on initially garden lands somebody build high-rise buildings, farms or factories. So de jure till nowadays most of dachas have special status and they are part of collective gardens. I’m itself have such dacha, officially it is part of collective garden company. If people want to build for self house, then for this exist different lands, without restrictions (including by area). All sentences about some non existing shortages of food have nothing with reality, else one "cool story" for propaganda purposes from West to scary own people and hold them far away from protests for own rights of workers and agains local regimes. Moreover, garden dachas are too small to grow there any enough food for family in case of some shortages. While real dachas never were used for growing anything. Some people growing food on garden dachas rarely like hobby. I’m never grew anything, but in my land there are few apple trees from 1930s. They itself growing, arrive new, some gone, I do nothing.
Estonian: a) "aiandid" (plots of gardening grounds) - as in, actual gardening, with a shed for tools at most. b) "aiandusühistu" (union of those plots) c) "aedlinn" ("city" of gardens) - there's a bit more going on than just gardening plots. d) "suvilaühistu" - huvila·yhdys·kunta (~ union of summerhouse places) c) → küla (hamlet) → alevik (village) → alev → {ees|väike}linn (town), ...
An important fact is that citizens received all these plots of land for free in the USSR (but not as property, but for free use. No rent, no taxes). And in today's Russia, people have the opportunity to register these plots in full ownership. Usually the size of such a land plot was 600 m2. The original purpose is personal food cultivation, a government food program. Like potatoes instead of urban flowers in the USA during the Great Depression. Then it turned more into a place of summer recreation and gardening, so part of the land began to be built up with small houses.
Dachas in the Soviet sense began to appear in the late 70s. City residents were offered a free plot of land a few minutes' drive outside the city (usually six hundred square meters of land unsuitable for agricultural use) for their private gardening. The passion was total. I don't know a single Soviet family that didn't have such a dacha. Note that even the most ordinary factory worker built his house out of stone, not boards and plywood. Many built their houses with their own hands - hiring someone was not in the spirit of Soviet people - all housework and repairs were done 90% by family members. Many brought fertile soil to their plot (several trucks) if there was absolutely bare sand or rocks. Fruit trees and a vegetable garden were planted on the plot. Preparing vegetables and fruits for the winter was a favorite pastime of Soviet women. This was also available in stores, but what was grown with your own hands was valued more. All birthdays were celebrated at the dacha with barbecue, delicious food, songs at the table and dancing. Russians are hospitable and everyone knows each other well and as a rule the company was impressive. Each plot has a gas pipeline, electricity and a well with a pump for water. A common phenomenon throughout the country.
My family inherited a dacha when grandpa passed away about 5 years ago. It had basically no infrastructure except electricity and looked more or less abandoned. Dad started upgrading it - got wifi, running water, insulation for the winter, and now it actually is his permanent residence, even after the snow falls. It's an interesting situation, being unable to afford a new apartment and even the potential rent being kind of devastating, but then seeing the parents move out instead of you lol
Ну кстати говоря если смотреть на ситуацию в этом свете, это довольно интересный социальный феномен, которого нет за пределами СНГ. Получается что дачи снижают социальную нагрузку и дают больше свободы молодому поколению. Да и в целом довольно любопытно, что наши люди испытывают тягу к земле и к старости стараются перебраться в свой дом, что бы работать в своём саду.
Я живу в дачном доме около города Краснодар. Мои родители получили этот участок от советского правительства в 1980-х годах, и после приватизации основали здесь своё поселение. Если хочешь, могу подробнее о них рассказать. Может быть, даже видео сниму с одного из таких районов
These are also very common in Germany - we call them „Schrebergärten“. Here they are usually organised in so-called colonies, which basically means that a group of these allotments has a common management structure. You can find Schrebergärten in all sorts of places, often close to railway lines or on currently undeveloped urban land. As far as I know, Schrebergärten are fairly easy to have demolished by the government so that you can develop the land they sit on with housing, transport infrastructure or the like. If you wanna see the most bizarre allotments I‘ve ever seen, search up the S-Bahn station at Berlin-Westhafen and look right beside the platform underneath the major road bridge. You will find allotments squeezed in between the industrial and suburban rail tracks. It goes to show that some people will use any land they can find for their Schrebergarten.
I was at a Berlin Schrebergärten my uncle took us to in the early 1980s. Tiny allotment, maybe 50 feet by 20 feet. A shed/cabin. They kept their’s impeccably, perfectly manicured. It was a break away from their cramped high-rise apartment.
Thank you! It was fun to look at my town from this point of view! This district was built for an automobile plant, so they designed it with wide roads. In past it was very rich city, many buildings were built with the plant’s money. Dachas are not only in the north of the city, but also in the east, west and across dam on the river. My dacha is in the west, where the river turns. There are also cottage villages with warm houses for the winter Picture of my profile is Volga river in winter. It's covered in ice so you can walk on it for 10km in width
In our family there is a dacha (25 kilometers from Novosibirsk) You got it right - in the summer at the dacha we grow mainly vegetables, we are also engaged in the improvement of our own plot. Since our winters are cold (up to -35 on average) we don't live in the country. The house is made of timber and insulated badly for winter. However, if you melt the brick kiln, you can live in winter. We mainly hold parties, birthdays, and other family holidays at the country house. Recently, we have planted most of the harvest areas with lawns because there is no problem with purchasing quality vegetables. We harvested most of the crops in the 90s because it was difficult to get good food. Now it is not necessary and our dacha is used as a quiet place to relax).
You can make your dacha to an all season house. It is an option for people that work remotely or for retired people and for people that don't mind to go by their car 5 days a week to an office. There is a main road under these rows. And there are the bus stops, so, people can go to the city by the bus.
Such area is called a gardening partnership. Or dachas. In Soviet times, the state allocated such plots to enterprises like AvtoVAZ for distribution among workers of 600-1200 square meters. The owners of the plot themselves built a small house, a fence, a well, a barn and were engaged in farming. Usually pensioners with grandchildren live there all summer, and working relatives come on weekends. Now some live there all year round. It is also a paradise for dogs and cats.
Tolyatti is a really interesting city. It's not only because of dachas or districts it also a co-city. It's a part the only agglomeration in Russia with 2 equal cityes: Tolyatti and Samara. My friends who live there says that it is very easy to walk from one city to another without even noticing. These cities have a shared airport between them. I'm looking forward to the moment they became a single Tolyatti-Samara city
ну, как Тольяттинец скажу что на самом деле (по крайней мере в Автозаводском районе) влияние Самары незаметно. И шпилить в Самару 2+ часа на машине, а на автобусе и то дольше
In Bashkiria, in late Soviet times, Ufa city joined with an important industrial center, Chernikovsk, located to the north, and now it is a major district of the city called Chernikovka. Perhaps fans of “doomer wave” will remember the Chernikovskaya Khata musical group
Sounds like the equivalent of an allotment in the UK just minus the brick and mortar buildings. Little areas you rent from the local council and are used for growing fruit and veg etc. Cool little things really. Just stumbled on your channel today and I'm enjoying it a lot!
@@Geomargin I'm looking forward to them! The videos about islands and lakes within islands are right up my street! A friend of mine has an allotment and it is a great little space, takes you away from the city while still being in the city. And you can't beat fresh fruit and veg you've grown yourself! It just tastes better!!
Dacha is actually a cool thing from my perspective. Because it's free real estate, i guess. It can actually cost under a 100K ₽(~1K$) sometimes. And you can spend another 50K for renovation and live there P.S. As someone who lives in Samara, I'm glad that you showed my region
@@Geomargin Sometimes quite literally. Im from Samara too, and here temperature often extreme in both seasons. Like +40(or even more) in summer and -40 in winter. Latter is rarer, but it still happends and often comes with strong winds. Thx to location right near Kazahstan steppes. So in such hot summer days people flock to dachas. Also - despite many people disliking micro districts and panel buildings (khruschevkas) in general - they quite good. You have easy access to everything from school to hospital here, in close proximity, and they usually have plenty of trees and grass inside. Ofc they a bit ugly, but in summer with a lot of greenery around its quite nice. Not to mention price - everyone can buy one, with pretty little mortgage (mine was 5 years, i manage to close it in 4). So while i never was a huge fan of communists, ill say they did a great job in improving living condition of common person.
Hello from Togliatti. I'm living here for 34 years, and was very surprised to see this video. You are right, this place is dachas, that was given to Avtovaz workers in 80s-90s. It was 600-1000m2 of ex-agriculture land given to a worker for free (or almost free, i'm not sure at the moment), to grow your vegetables and fruits for your families. People built a summer houses (without heating and insulation, so nobody used this houses in winter back then). My parents got their two pieces of land, and we still own it. Dachas played important role after collase of USSR, when we got no food in 90s, and families could grow food for whole on their own dacha. Nowadays most people grow on dachas just as hobby, and have portable pools, barbeques and banya (russian sauna). About square-structured part of the city - this part of the city was intentionally designed and built in USSR for Avtovaz workers in 1970s. Almost each block have it own school, shops, etc, so you have all you need in your block and dont move around the city a lot. So nowadays we have no big issue with traffic without good city transport. Most of the houses here is a typical 9-story buildings. If you have any more questions, I will be happy to answer them.
What is it like growing up in the big blocks with everything near you? i know where i live in America I have to drive an hour to get to my school and the thought of having one a block aways is crazy to me.
@gideondeath1221 you know every corner of your block, at school you can just go home to take lunch and then go back, most of your friends live in the same block, and so on. For me it was crazy to realise, that you take car to go shopping in America. I went to the store next door as 7yo kid and it is normal. Opposite side of living in this city - everything looks similiar and may look kinda depressing, but you get used to it and now i feel it nicely.
It's funny to see how bizarre dacha concept can look like for foreigners. For me, spending summer days on dacha is a common thing, it is a good way to have summer vocation and get some berries and veg from your plants, not just from store.
My dacha is located approx 55 km to the east from the place shown in the video. Indeed, dacha is a great place to grow healthy nutricious food: zucchini, sweet pepper, pumpkin, cucumbers, carrots, beets, radishes, strawberries, potatoes, cauliflower cabbage, white cabbage, dill, parsley, apples, pears, apricots, watermelons and much, much more. Gardeners usually buy seeds, plant them in the soil and thus grow a ready crop from the seeds.
I have this kind of garden in Poland here it's called Rod rodzinne ogródki działkowe - family gardening plots, Dacza for us is something different, more of a camp ground.
Quite simple - you have the square micro-rayon (micro-district), where you have school, shops, apothecary, maybe a medical service, everything within 10 min walk with heavy public transport service. Then you have the dachas, in my homeland we use the Roman villa, where you escape from the city to reconnect with nature and gather potatoes until your back hurts. But then, in summer, there are the magic evenings when you an the other kids go for all kinds of shenanigans with bikes, skateboards or on foot. You pillage the neighbours' cherry trees and then get an earful the next morning. Or drop by the canal, get home soaked to the bone and get scolded because all your clothes are in the apartment in the city ...
В России еще со времён Наполеоновского нашествия принято держать две квартиры, летную и зимнюю. В сорокаградусный мороз мы любим греться в тесных городских многоэтажках, доводя температуру в помещении до 25 градусов цельсия. А летом сбегаем от пыльного зноя 40 градусной городской жары в загородные полу лесные дома. Параллельно охотимся, рыбачим, собираем грибы или ягоды, или катаемся на питбайках по лесным дорогам. Так живёт вся страна, разве в вашей стране по другому?
Dacha's are the Russian equivalent of Canada's cottaging where people spend their summers and especially weekends outdoors drinking, gardening, smoking, etc. Just without the sheer volume of lakes that Canada is known for... Even within a 20 minute drive of the prairie backwater I grew up in are several different "summer villages" or cottage districts where people have these generally non-winterized cabins that may or may not full electricity, indoor plumbing, satellite tv, etc. The newest ones do but vintage ones are like sleeping in a gazebo... I spent my entire 2011 summer working in Canada's north shifting from summer village/camp to summer village/camp since that's what's available for most temporary workers up there including permanently parked 5th wheel trailers with janky heating!
Russian sociologist here. The actual origin of modern-type dachas is in the Post-WWII USSR. Sure, there were some pre-war dachas, but those were scarce and mostly higher class places. In the 1930-1950s there was a peak in the urbanizarion rates, millions of people were moving from villages to cities, but: 1) They were often still semi-rural people in their mindset; 2) You COULD NOT own a private land in the USSR, nothing beyond 600 square meters (generally). 3) Once you are an urban dweller (meaning you left your parental private house in the village dozens of km away) and you need something private and rural-like, that is the only thing you can purchase (technically it is a form of a lease, but those were de-facto private or felt like private) - a (usually) more or less standardized patch of land of 600 sq meters, where you can only place a summer-like house (permanent residence not allowed), a bathhouse and some primitive utility buildings. That is your own PRIVATE reservation, you can grow whateever you want, do whatever you want (within the limits of a lighter summer-type house, but you are quite free in terms of architecture, interiors and exteriors, hooray), but you cannot extend it anyhow beyond these size limits. 4) You DO NEED the dacha, because a lot of things are barely available for purchase in the stores \ markets (you could buy something in the village, but those are far away), so you grow things yourself, you do grow fruits, berries (also potatos, cabbages, carrots, tomatoes, pickles, etc), you invest yourself every weekend while season allows (may to september), and after that somewhere in September you collect those things and preserve them and eat them during the winter when city markets become particularly scarce (remember that even globally international trade was still not as developed + USSR wasn't importing much + internal food trade was severely limited because of the planned economy that just wasn't prioritising it, and free markets weren't a thing). So this self-grown food was actually important for people since like 1960-1970s and those dachas did save millions of russians from actual starvation in the 1990s when everything collapsed, incomes fell twice (even compared to late-USST quite limited level) and dozens of millions lost their jobs (domestic agriculture and food production were in collapse and needed time to recover on a new private basis while imported food was very expensive). 5) Those dachas were also vital for the USSR planned economy. A research institute in our Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences did a study in the 1980s that showed that while these dachas were only 1% of entire USSR croplands, they produced around 11% of entire agriculture, meaning they were 11 TIMES MORE PRODUCTIVE than state-own agricultural enterprises. A tiny bit of private land with usually no machinery was 11 times more efficient than gigantic mechanized state agriculatural collective enterprises. That is how vital they were. 6) They were also a thing of social status, much like owning a car, but usually easier to obtain. A symbol of a good well-being. Because usually you had to purchase those patches of land (or they were awarded\distributed to you by the state for some achievement like working somewhere for 5-10 years or achieving some high position). Often you had to build a house yourself too (BUT REMEMBER: there was no construction materials markets in the USSR, you just couldn't buy those freely. You - and everybody else - had to "obtain" them - meaning a test of your social connections and "networking" skills. So once you have a decent house, that "implies" that you not only had the money to buy it all (or you\your family achieved something in terms of work so you were "awarded" or had a priviledge for such lease), but you also are skillful or influential enough to obtain the fancy (or just normal) materials for construction. For interiors too.). 7) Once you have a dacha and you grow some fruits and berries there, you can cook more sophisticated things (like jams, or other various kinds of preservation, or delicious cakes with those things) and invite friends \ relatives \ somebody else and brag about what you cooked, because that is one of very few ways to obtain ingredients for cooking such gourmet meals. Because, once again, you either cannot buy those things at the market or it is too expensive here, even if available, while here you obtain it at the cost of your own labor.
The russian historian is here, too. The project of dachas appeared in late Stalin's era. And one of the purposes was to give the people a chance to survive after nuke war. In case of war, the enemy would most likely destroy all production in the city. The population had to survive in the bunker. And in order to feed the survivors, the population had to switch to subsistence farming at first. That is why dachas were built only near cities and in quantities equal to potential survivors. This information was hidden from the population at that time. But they promoted that this was a place for growing food. And if you did not do this, then the dacha could be taken and given to another family.
Speaking of materials and their scarcity, you reminded me of our neighbours dacha, whose house has been built mostly from 'reclaimed' used wooden raildoad ties (шпалы), which were all soaked in tar and train juices, rendering them pretty toxic - but it was a popular building material, because our dacha community was the plots of lands awarded to railroad workers, so railorad 'spare parts' were used a lot - e.g. we had train heaters in our house.
A lot of people in the comments are saying they are the equivalent to an allotment, this isn't accurate. Allotments are usually community owned and you definitely can't build a house on them. Dacha's or summer cottages are full fledged houses, usually with their own well for water and electricity. However, normally they aren't fully insulated, therefore aren't suitable for year round living but people definitely do live in them for longer periods of time(commonly grandparents or retirees)
Huh, my hometown and I think my friend's summer house which I visited some 10 yrs ago is inside this "array of dachas" at 1:20. These houses can only serve as countryside huts as there is no central heating and they are usually cheap (meaning bad heat isolation). Some comments: there is no 120'000 workers at that car plant anymore, currently around 40'000 (after massive laid-offs in 2000s). Also an interesting fact that this "manhattan-style" city planning was used on purpose to make the wind from the river to flow along the parallel streets and blow fumes away from the city into fields to the north. The original town which was flooded (to create a dam and a hydropower station) was much smaller. There are still some artifacts from that town some enthusiasts find, for example one guy told me about an old cemetery which was revealed due to the erosion on the bank of the reservoir
Initially, after the revolution, dachas were primarily state-owned or given to the Soviet elite - party officials, artists, and scientists. These were often grander homes in the countryside, used for leisure and sometimes work retreats. After World War II, the USSR had great difficulty in rebuilding its economy. There was a shortage of foodstuffs in the country. In 1946, the Council of Ministers began to think about how to quickly fill the shortage of food and not be distracted from the restoration of the almost completely destroyed heavy industry. Soon the solution was found. In 1944, vegetable scientist Vitaly Edelstein wrote the book "Individual vegetable garden". In this book he calculated the norm of vegetable consumption per person for year - 500,7 kg. He also found out that first of all potatoes, carrots, rutabagas and onions should be grown, and then he also added cucumbers, tomatoes, cabbage and legumes. Then the professor calculated that 124.5 square meters of land is required to grow this amount of vegetables. Taking into account that the average Soviet family had from 3.9 to 4.3 people, and adding space for planting garden trees, it turned out that a 'dacha' for one family should be 600 square meters (the famous '6 sotok (hundreds)'). The scientific community and the authorities welcomed Edelstein's book (In 1956 the professor was recognized as an honorary member of VASKHNIL, and in 1961 he was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor). Therefore, already in 1949, a decree was issued according to which citizens began to be given plots of land for cultivation. (this land wasn't formally private property, and if you didn't take care of it and didn't grow something, the land may be taken away from you). These plots were generally outside city limits (and it was forbidden to build houses with a usable area of more than 25m²), so people began building simple, often very basic, sheds or small houses, just to stay there for weekends in summertime. In 60's - 80's dacha ownership became more common. These weren’t luxurious, but served as a way to supplement food supplies and escape crowded city life. They were a place for families to relax, garden, and connect with nature. The dacha culture became deeply ingrained in Soviet life. Despite the fact that the nutritional value of vegetable crops has been repeatedly revised since then, citizens continued to receive their six acres absolutely free right until the collapse of the USSR. In the 1990s, dacha plots were recognized as private property, which they remain to this day, but in 2019 the term 'dacha' has lost its legal status, now it's just a 'country house'. P.s. In the 16th century, the word 'dacha' was used in the sense of 'gift', 'present' and derived from the verb 'dati' (to give). They're still related words (present - 'podarok', (to) give - 'davat’ '. In rare cases the word dacha can still be used in the sense of 'to give' (for ex. (giving) testify - 'dacha pokazaniy').
@@Geomargin Just so you're aware, these blocks are pretty big, each is about a square kilometer, and within them there's internal roads as well. So when it comes to grocery stores, malls, schools etc, more often than not there's several for each block. The city is divided in this way not to contain all amenities inside each block, but to optimize both traffic and pedestrian movement. The roads between blocks are huge, sometimes 100 meters across, complete with very wide sidewalks and trees for shade. Because the roads are so wide and because the checkerboard pattern provides several different ways to reach any destination within the city, traffic congestion is very rare. And city is very walkable, not only because even the internal roads have sidewalks, but also because most traffic is concentrated on the big roads. This does mostly apply to the new city though, the Avtozavodkiy district, which is the one you are showing in the video, the other districts, Central and Komsomolskiy are less neatly organized.
Russia can afford it because it can. Even now, there is a practice of allocating land for garden plots that can be privatized and a large house built. Many people do that.
@@Geomarginlet's say not just because it can, but because it has a lot of land and relatively small population, so why not give people some land, when there still will be a lo more left?
I was in one near Kyiv, when I visited some relative of my family back in the 3rd grade. I remember a two story house with a garden, a broken TV and an almost illegally comfy bed we were chilling on.
Usually people in Russian cities have a district which is on the outskirts of the main city, they go out there to grill some meat, plant a vegetable, drink some beer... Just a cozy place to leave from the hustle and bustle of the city :D Also the land price in outskirts is cheaper than in the city so you can buy a pice a of land for 2-5k$ and build your own house from 0
this is exactly typical style of city planning - large paneled blocks of flats in a square, with a parking space and a garden playground for kids and parents. Such planned districts, with that type of blocks of flats, exist even in Italy (Milano 1 and 2 districts), Germany (East Berlin entirely), Poland, Ukraine, predominantly and especially in the Soviet sphere of influence.....In more developed countries, like here in Bulgaria, those summer homes with gardens are called Villa Zone, almost all larger cities had such "zones", basically districts nowadays. It's actually quite nice, if you have a spot like that. We sold ours long time ago, now it would have worth x100 at least, since the place was on the hills above the city that I live in - Stara Zagora. Beautiful place. I've been almost everywhere around the world, I love this place the most....Excuse my bias xD Any ways, Cheers from Bulgaria, Happy New Year and I hope to see more of your videos, keep it up! You might want to look at Bulgaria and see if you can find anything odd :D Наздраве!
Thank you for commenting! That's awesome to hear from your experience! Stara Zagora looks like a beautiful city, especially in that northern side. I would love to visit Bulgaria one day and check out what the Dachas are like, I think it's a cool concept that I wish I could see in North America too. I'll look into Bulgaria and see if I can find any fun and bizarre things on google maps. Cheers!
Tolyatti was built as the city of the "future" in the Soviet Union, there were cheap apartments, a lot of work in factories and assembling new VAZ cars, so the city was divided into parts. The old part of the city, which has a long history, the central and the left parts are the new parts if we saying about all history of the city. And if we talk about dachas, then at least in the Samara region (I live here) we have a lot of such zones with dachas. They are used more as summer homes or places of relaxation from urban life. Buying a small plot of land( or when the USSR give you this land to live there because this was a biggest problem at begining of USSR that a lot's of people live like in wood barracks because they didn't have any house) for a dacha or cottage in which you are rarely located is a good decision, but due to the availability of such zones, they are quickly bought up and built up such zones are called either "Dachas cooperatives" or dachas
Касаемо постройки нашего города: на самом деле побывав в Казани и Самаре я не могу вспомнить ничего удобнее, чем застройка Автозаводского района квадратами. Все свое детство можно даже и не покинуть свой квартал (квадрат) - там ведь несколько детских площадок, куча друзей, магазины , что еще надо ребенку? И изучать город гораздо проще, и место для парковки есть в большинстве случаев. Хотя конечно я сейчас по 20 минут ищу место у дома.😅 А вот учеба была в Старом городе (Центральный район) и там мне было сложнее разобраться. Порой нельзя было пройти наискосок какой-то участок. Хотя в Новом городе (Автозаводский) можно любой квартал идти наискосок.
Hello from Tolliyaty, just when i saw thumbnail recognized it, i really don't know how Pretty amused to see my hometown in random youtube video, because our city get's really small attention comparing to others, eventhough it's world modernistic architecture capital, if i can say so
Google translate: We had a dacha, without electricity, running water or other amenities, a cleared area in the forest with small summer houses and ponds, people grew potatoes and vegetables, but since the mid-90s the area has been completely abandoned, because the dachas have lost their significance
I'd say, this is not the best example of dacha village. It's too big. Better ones, are much smaller, about two or three hundred houses, which gives villagers easy access to surrounding nature. But since so much people want to have dacha, suburbs become overcrowded. And in this case there is not much nature left around anyway.
I was amazed when I saw my town in this video :D Yeah, we're living in such a nice place and we actually have most of important shops/facilities next to our homes. Moreover, here's the cool forest nearby in which citizens love cycling at the summer time and skiing at the winter time. That's all because Togliatti was built as a "city of a nice communistic future" and must been comfortable for the people from the very beginning. Feel free to ask me any questions about the town and local coutryside if you have so.
@Geomargin Yes, here's a bunch of ski slopes in the forest including steep descents from hills. Besides, on the other side of the river there's a huge national park "Samarskaya Luka", which is perfect place for any sport activity.
Hi! In Ukraine, like in other Slavic countries, we have something called dachas. Back in the 1950s, during the Soviet era, city residents were given plots of land for gardening and building small summer homes. These plots were often allocated by factories where workers had been employed for years, which is why dachas are usually clustered close together. Since city air was polluted, and there wasn’t much space for gardening, people would go to their dachas to enjoy cleaner air, build small houses, and grow vegetables. My family has a dacha too. Besides a house and a garden, we have a garage, a small apiary, and a couple of grapevines. Nowadays, the government (those that succeeded the USSR) rarely allocates land for new dachas. As a result, most dacha owners are older people, while younger generations tend to stay in the cities and rarely visit.
1:50 Friend, you are a little mistaken. Yes, in Russia there really is such a concept as a dacha. A dacha is usually a fairly remote place from the city (about 5-40 km from the city, for Moscow 50-150 km), where there is a small house, usually wooden and often without heating, exclusively for summer recreation on weekends. There people do gardening and spend time in the fresh air away from the bustle of the city. But what you are showing is not a dacha. This is the private sector - houses for permanent residence of families. In the last 15 years in Russia, the construction of private houses (cottages as we call them), capital heated buildings, has become very affordable, and this is often cheaper than buying apartments. For example, an apartment can now be bought for about 250 thousand rubles per square meter, and a house can be built for 100,000 rubles per square meter, and if you build it yourself, then for 50 thousand rubles per square meter. that is why chapel houses, as we call them, are now very popular in Russia, it is much more pleasant to live on your own land in your own house, not to have neighbors above and below, to have space where children can walk outside all year round and where you can do your own farming, build a swimming pool, a bathhouse, a garage and a workshop. Plus such houses are cheaper to maintain than utility bills for an apartment. About 2-3 times cheaper if the house is built correctly in terms of thermal engineering.
I’m from Belarus and I’ve spend all of my childhood summers there until I moved abroad. It was an amazing experience growing up. Our whole family gathered there in summer, including grandparents and occasionally cousins. My dacha was in a better area than the city in this video, we had multiple forests, streams and lakes nearby. Biking was a joy. I had many other neighbors kids around the place to spend time with. Our house was in our family for 3 generations, every few decades the house was rebuilt/upgraded or something else was added to our plot - like a sauna/bathhouse, or a cookout rotunda. We had grass plots I played ball in, inflatable pools, veggie growing lots, flower pens etc. about 5 years ago my dad bought a neighbor’s plot, upgraded the house into a scandinavian style house to be livable year round, and turned the neighbour’s house into a guest house. It’s a full fledged estate now. It makes me very sad to not be able to visit it for the last 5 years.
Digging potatoes in the summer school holidays isn't the only activity, people make barbecues, go swimming in the river, dachas are usually located near some river or lake, in my university years in the summer holidays I lived at friends dacha several times up to a month in a row and it wouldn't get boring. We also several times stayed there in winter in -20 Celsius, and it was quite livable. Some people convert dachas to a permanent living houses by adding conveniences and improving insulation
@@Geomargin You should check Irkutsk on the satellite map. There are a lot of summer houses to the south of the city. And they are located on the sites where the forest was cut down. It looks very interesting.
We have a wonderful dacha in Tula oblast, ~120 km from Moscow which is around 2h 15 minutes by train. It's a big house with a lot of rooma and gas heating, so my parents live there the whole year round. In summer we love to go cycling with my dad. There is a big Oka river in 12 km from our village. Come to Russia and we will show you true dachacore experience with barbeque, river swimming, gardening and drinking tea from samovar!
Dachas in Russia is hidden and rather big part of economic. Most people have small salaries, but a lot of them constantly grow different kind of vegetables (mostly potato, carrot, onion, zucchini, beetroot and berries). This allows them to have good support from nature and their food is clean, as it does not have any kind of chemicals and other synthetic elements.
Dachas was given to people to increase their food diversity and insure food supplies in extremal case's. Actually It worked, because after faul of SU alot people didn't had access to food and eat only of dachas. Also was useful in Corona time, I spend it there and now days some of my friends in Ukraine living/going to live of grid on dacha
as a child i always thought dachas being so lame. But now, the concept of a cheap, small piece of land, where you can chill with your friends and family seems sooo good. I would like to buy one
A dacha is usually a country house of 30 to 80 m², located on a plot of land of 600 to 2000 m². This plot of land is either in a gardening area or in a village.
Fun fact: I currently am inside one. So ppl have very small plots of land in SNTs or DPKs, which are communities of dacha owners, where each has a very small plot of land, typically 600 square meters, most of them only have residents during summer time because there is usually no heating inside them, and also because during the rest of the year ppl are only able to come there on weekends, which leaves snow from the entire week uncleaned when they arrive, so the houses are very difficult to access. The communities typically have an organized fence around them and some security personnel, for which each of the plot owners pay a bit of money to fund. In richer communities, there might be natural gas infrastructure for heating and personnel for cleaning snowy streets, so ppl are able to come in winter, too. I fortunately have this feature, and both of my retired grandmas live in their dachas full year and are very happy with them. That's kinda all, sorry if my english is not very good, I'm literally a 15 year old Russian 😅, thx for your attention to life in our country ❤
That's so cool that you are in one currently! It would be so fun to be in one I think. Also, your English is great! I love learning about Russia and especially the interior
Some old people in Russia think that their dacha is an agriculture powerhouse, and start intensive food growing even with help of a tracktor plow. Then they get argued with their younger relatives, who don't want to break back with a showel, and want just chill out in green.
Dacha's are widely spread, they originated from Tsarist's Russia, and they even survived Soviet Union with all it's collectivism. Originaly, they were territories of land, given by Tsar, to his army, as a part of payment for entering the duty. Hovewer, through time, they turned into a really widely-spread houses for rest at summer. My father even had two dacha's, but now he enjoys just one, since it can take a lot of time taking care of your land and improving something. I by myself crafted some benches and stools for spending time outdoors during "shashliki" (barbeques). So, yes, they are mainly for spending your free time there. Some dacha's are on the outskirts of the city's, but there are also a lot of "dachniy cooperative" (or gardening societies) located far outside from the city's territory, and you have to go there by train or by car. Hovewer, as a result, you can enjoy the nature in it's purest (it's a giant difference from living in blocks). Also, it's a typical thing to get stuck in a traffic jam somewhere in the cities outskirst at the end of your holidays, because a lot of "dachnikys" are returning home.
In USSR you could get "6 sotok" (20 by 30 meters) piece of land to grow veggies/fruits and have small summer house. This was organized (thus ideal square strip/grid structure), people didn't own the land and didn't pay for it. Land was privatized only after USSR collapse. There were limitations on plot size (it was standard 6 near a city and a bit more if far away), type and size of house you could have. For example there was height limit (thus "broken" roofs to fit more spacy 2nd floor) and no inhabitable second floor rule (thus no permanent stairs to 2nd floor, only removable ladders).
The ~self-sufficent square city blocks are actually awesome. They may look bizarre to people used to cul de sacs, but they are so much better for living.
This cluster of dachas impressive by size, but it is kinda close to city which is make sence. My dacha was 80 kilometers away from Saint-Petersburg, Reachable only by train or 2 hours ride by car. That was literally in the middle of nowhere, cluster itself was on territory of 12 square kilometers.On summer there was population around 3-5 thousand people. There were 2 hardware stores and 4 grocery stores. Main transportation was bikes. It was crazy to think, but there were no single police or medical centers around. There only few (3-5) people, who lived there whole year (including my grandfather). Most of people were visiting only at summer weekends, while sending their kids to live there whole summer.
Writing this from a dacha myself. Have to say, such a massive conglometarion of those in Tolyatti is pretty impressive in how massive and uniform it is. Such communities, if you can call them that, are usually much smaller and much more eclectic. What they have here is probably some kind of a centralized effort by the car plant management, something along the lines of giving workers dachas for a certain mumber of years of employment. Also, the self-contained microdistricts in which you can basically reach any amenities (schools, shops, general entertainment) without using any form of transportation is just the way Soviet cities were build generally. They are rarely this perfectly square though.
The word dacha originates from the verb to give "davat". In the region where I grew up, such plots are commonly referred to as gardens "sady". Urban residents in the SU only began receiving dachas after WW2. Typically, they were allocated by state enterprises to their employees. Over time, the first dacha cooperatives also started to appear in the country. From a legal standpoint, a dacha wasn't considered private property. Theoretically, if a person changed their place of residence or workplace, they could be required to return the dacha to the state. The distribution of dachas in the USSR, in a way, wasn't driven by prosperity. The idea was that dachas would primarily be given to urban residents, particularly industrial workers. At the time, the country faced significant economic difficulties, and it was assumed that a small garden plot could provide essential support to working families in difficult times. A standard dacha plot was about 600 square meters. This size was deemed sufficient to supply a family of 4-5 people with vegetables, while also leaving space for a small house and agricultural structures. In addition to a house, many dachas also included a garage and a traditional Russian sauna, called a banya. Houses often had a cellar for storing homemade preserves and other supplies for the winter. Additionally, since apartments in Khrushchyovkas (Soviet-era apartment buildings) were small, dachas became a place to store old items, books, tools, and miscellaneous clutter that couldn't fit in the apartment.
Я попал по адресу:) Постараюсь сейчас кратко разъяснить всё. В целом автор прав, дачи - преимущественно летние дома. Они находятся за пределами больших городов, в небольших городках или вообще в лесу, как деревни. И Дачи часто находятся в другой области от места жительства (как пример, моя дача была примерно в 150 километрах от основного дома, что в целом является нормой) На моей даче был небольшой дом на 3 кровати, участок с качелями и маленький сад в котором росли огурцы, вкусные кстати. Так же часто люди ездят на дачи только по выходным, как вариант отдохнуть наверное, честно не вижу в этого особого смысла, но кому-то нравится. По поводу районов в городах - это норма. В советское время всегда старались строить отдельными блоками, Самара - просто хороший пример этому. В этих блоках было всё необходимое - магазины, школы, детские сады, площадки и другое. Можете посмотреть южную часть Москвы, как пример районы "Нагатинский Затон" "Марьино" "Братеево" "Академический", или северную, как пример - район "Бескудниковский" (Восточное Дегунино), там хорошо видны эти блоки
Dachas and collective (communal) gardens were introduced at large scale in 1950x to provide sources of food for cases like a repeating Great Patriotic War and to provide distributed shelter in case of american nuclear bombing. Such land plots helped us live through 90s...
Similar exist in London UK too. They are called "allotments" - an area to grow vegetables, divided between small "allotment" next to each other, for each person, typically who lives in flats (not in a house with a yard). However they have no small buildings there, just the little gardens.
In Bulgaria these are called "villa"s. And again like you said most of them are seasonal homes for people. Though in for example in Varna, these villas are more like seaside mansions, unlike anywhere in the country.
Here in Georgia we we also have Dachas, but sometimes differently. Here most people dont build new dachas and we just go to the houses in villages that were left to us by our parents and grandparents
In Germany (not only in the east) we call it Kleingarten (little garden) usually located in a Kleingartensparte. Just zoom down into e.g. Leipzig. It is your tiny patch of country side in a city
In Lithuania we also have these but we call them sodai which just translates to gardens. Usually they have small houses without heating but there has been a trend where people actually move to live in these to escape city life and even i am living in this type of neighbourhood just that most people build new proper houses instead like my dad did.
Russian Dachas have actually undergone quite an interesting evolution. First those were basically just land plots (typicaly 600 sq m in size) for people to grow their own food. They initially appeared not so long after the end of the WW2 when the devastated country still had some occasional food shortages. Later the government allowed people to build some simple small houses there that were good just for spending a night without the need to return to the city in the evening after working in the garden (the similar thing exists in Germany and other European countries with very strict laws prohibiting some prolonged living in such houses). However the Dachas in the Soviet Union became so popular among the population as not only garden but recreational places as well that eventually turned into real summer houses where people (mostly elderly and often kids) were living daily through the whole warm season and the Soviet government eased the restrictions even more. It was allowed to build a real one story house with attic on such land plot with the house size not larger than 25 sq m plus 10 sq m of a terrace. However many people were also building separate saunas, garages, greenhouses and such on their land in addition to these houses and frankly the Soviet authorities were not really strict in controlling the size of people's dachas as well. After the Soviet Union collapsed the last remaining restrictions were lifted and many people turned their dachas into real cottages suitable for the permanent living through the whole year. More than half of Russian families have their own summer house - dacha, as of today.
My grandfather got a dacha in the 1970s from the installation department. In the 1980s, a tornado destroyed the dacha village. Old people said that they thought a war had started. The wind lifted buses and entire houses, and then for several weeks they took out the corpses. But then the village was restored. I remember there were ponds there, where people relaxed and swam. The house was one-story, with electric heating and a potbelly stove. Between the plots, ditches were dug to collect water for irrigation. My grandfather trolled me and gave me a fishing rod so that I could fish in the ditches. Of course, there were no fish there
we have those in Poland too, the only issue is often people don’t use them as intended and store junk or live there and heat it with anything that burns.
My mom's family had been given a dacha to use during the Soviet Union, she'd bring her school friends there, later it was taken away because it was owned by the government. Now she built her own dacha at age 50. It is a log cabin that my mom and her husband did a lot of work for themselves because hiring workers is expensive. For example they caulked the whole cabin themselves using a material called jute, I think? For a long time it was only a summer home without hot water or central heating (however it did have a wood furnace). But we put a full kitchen there, there's a living room, and an upstairs sort of "loft" bedroom where my mom sleeps. And only recently have we managed to upgrade the dacha thanks to credit cards and my new job, we built an addition where a natual gas boiler and water boiler go, and also a full bathroom. The addition is not log cabin but a frame house (more like frame room), with a standing-seam metal roof over it. They also put radiators throughout the house. That's how dacha became a lot more comfortable, now we have hot water, heating, and even installed WiFi (before we were using mobile hotspot for internet but it wasn't working well). Oh and they built their own banya which is a common structure on these lots, it is kind of like a sauna. I personally don't care for it but my mom and her husband love it
Hello! I'm actually from Tolyatti (or Togliatti) myself. I got recommended your video about a recurve lake in Canada, went to the channel, and this is literally the first video I saw. As has probably already been written, Togliatti is essentially a city built from scratch. There is no such historical center here; everything was built over several decades. Thanks to this, Soviet architects realized their concepts of an ideal city (the population of the city was then growing rapidly thanks to all the factories under construction, such as AvtoVAZ, Togliatti Azot, Togliatti Sintez Kauchuk and others). Each block contains everything necessary for life, and every few blocks there is a park. In the Avtozavodsky District, highways and wide roads between neighborhoods were built due to the fact that a large percentage of workers had cars. There are a lot of large villages around Tolyatti. In fact, I don’t know exactly what caused the creation of such a cluster of dacha settlements in the region, but from Togliatti to Samara there are a lot of them (of varying degrees of prosperity). Most likely, during the city's development boom, many people had sufficient funds to build houses and the land attracted investment. Not all idealistic Soviet projects make sense/function in the city, and the population is decreasing (unemployment due to layoffs at the factories), but still the city is interesting as a monument to Soviet architecture and urban planning (like, for example, many single-industry towns that are now in decline). (There is beautiful nature, too) Thanks for the video
my city skylines build:
Hahahah literally
I wouldn't complain if they added an allotment garden (dacha) mechanic to the game.
spamming mini plots haha
Play "Workers and Resources"
It is a soviet themed city building game.
Way better than cities skylines.
whoever designed this probably thought they were playing cities skylines
Bro, a "Dacha" is cool, as long as you're not sent there for the whole summer to dig potatoes :(
P.S. I'm from Russia myself
That would be hard!
Dude Dacha is based
Я понимаю твою боль)
The OP knows what he is talking about. If you see a dacha with a plot of ploughed land just run. Nope the hell out.
Дача нам нужна чтобы жарить шашлык, лежать в гамаке и ходить в баню. У меня на даче живут коты. Они не живут взаперти в доме. У них есть люк в полу, чтобы свободно выходить на улицу. Они ловят мышей и птиц. Они свободные коты. В городе так не получится. В городе коты погибнут от автомобилей или собак. А на даче можно.
Many people in Russia have their own dacha, and they can come to the dacha at any time of the year for a short period of time.
That's awesome!
Not just Russia, but almost in every post-Soviet state.
Usually you go there to have a beer, eat some shashlyk (BBQ) and farm some small veggies like potatoes and onions.
ну да, у многих есть огороды, дачи, коттеджи. ещё на них сажают картошку, морковь, свеклу, баклажаны, огруцы и т.д.
@@GoodOlAce stereotypes
@@kovy6447 не забудьте упомянуть что именно эти дачи многим помогли тупо ВЫЖИТЬ в 90е годы, когда разруха была
tip: in Russia or adjacent countries (CIS) you can use yandex maps. They are much more detailed (even more detailed than Google maps in the USA) and have a good 360 coverage
True
That's what people have been telling me. I'll use that next time
@@Geomargin there's also a dashcam view option on yandex. I've check this exact place and someone drove all these grid roads in 2020 for us
we had these in Poland too, though I don't think we called them Dachas. They're basically little garden plots, and each of them has a little shed or cabin on it that many people have turned into summer cottages. They're nice places in the summer, they feel like little villages and you forget you're next to a big city.
That's so fun! It's been awesome to hear from people who have been to these plots before
I would like to live in a community like this in the US. Something in between rural and suburban life.
I'm Polish and born in the communist era. These "garden plot areas" are state or town-owned and still exist; they have had a bit of a renaissance since the pandemic limited people's options to spend time outdoors. As far as I can tell, the idea comes from East Germany in the post-WW2 time of austerity, when it was easier to let prople grow their own vegetables than provide enough produce from nationalised farms.
we have them in denmark too
Americans don't have a name for that, but Brits actually have a very similar thing called allotment gardens, so I think this would be the best translation of our działka and the Russian dacha.
They look way nicer from street view than from satellite.
Yeah! It looks kind of creepy from above, but on the ground they are cute
its an incredible task to navigate those irl, though. Telling which one is the one you need is a challenge lol
@@MatVeiQaaa only for strangers, and all buildings and areas are different, so there is no problem distinguishing
@@Geomargin Satellite photos of Russia are deliberately made less green than Europe
@@MatVeiQaaanot at all. There streets all have names and signs off the main road and the houses have numbers.
Fun fact: Dacha's were given for free to most of the state workers, like teachers, military personnel, officials. And the initial purpose of it was to have a local backup food supply in the case of a nuclear war, where people could feed themselves for some time. This idea really saved millions during 90's however when Russia's economy collapsed.
Более того, когда дачу выдавали вместе с требования по благоустройству, типа посадить несколько кустов крыжовника, построить дом...
They actually gave land. Usually six sotok. And you had to build your own house and garden, and the houses had to be of a certain type. To look similar. Also, a person with a dacha was obliged to maintain a vegetable garden and not to abandon it.
Дача нужна была бывшим крестьянам, которые переехали в города. И привыкли копаться в земле. Это старая привычка. Многим бывшим крестьянам было скучно в городе без огорода.)
Сейчас уже нет этого старого поколения. И никто не выращивает картошку на даче. Жарят шашлык или пьют пиво, лежа в гамаке как Гомер Симпсон.
@@kotnapromke я из семьи рабочих и интеллигентов в котором поколении. Крестьянами были прапра предки. Дача и сад в ней это круто. Обожаю сады, коптить рыбу, шашлыки, собирать свои ягоды вместо магазинных летом. Это привычка копаться? Думаю нет. Дачу имеет и мой друг бухгалтер. Обожает свежий воздух, сад, баню. Также как и я не огородничает сильно. Третий друг программист-инженер. Дачу особо не любит, но опять же гостить там если без картошки обожает. Опять же ягоды и сад
@@BonduoChannel Это ваши гены, тысяч поколений крестьян возбудились! Вот я их старательно уничтожаю городским образом жизни. Мне противно копаться в земле. Мне нравится техника, металл, компьютеры и прочее. Грязь, земля это скучно и тупо. Природу обожаю, но только для туризма и мото-вело. Тяпки, червяки, навоз - не, это нахер, нахер. Это для пенсов, кто уже к земле готовится сам.
Writing this from my parents' dacha near Moscow, we came to visit them here for the winter holidays. Usually dachas are indeed small summer homes with very basic amenities that you visit for short time to tend the garden and maybe have a barbecue but they can also be nice country homes with electricity, gas, plumbing, a septic tank, and everything else you need to live permanently in any season. They usually have gardens as well, ranging from a few veggie patches to nice gardens with trees and flowers.
A lot of people in Russia have them, probably because living in an apartment block like most Russians do kinda makes you yearn for some place on land to escape to. Also our large dacha really helped us survive the hell of the COVID times since escaping to the country was of the few ways for city dwellers to get some fresh air without breaking the quarantine.
I live in Moscow. Dachas nowadays are more like country houses, harvesting is not the main goal. We use our dacha for relaxing, making barbecue, just staying outside the city. We have all conveniences and even gas heating.
Awesome!
@@Geomarginonly in recent years with post-deficit generation taking lead dachas become more of the relaxation places.
I've seen many memes and heard countless internet stories of about their dacha childhood experience:
school is over, parents send you to dacha and apart from a decent house there are only rows and rows of garden beds in sight.
And you've got to help your grandparents to handle all of it.
One streamer even said he would want to poison all of blacksoils with tons and tons of salt so no children would ever be forced to suffer.
Also your grandpa might be too fond of his army service, does random shit and is an alcoholic.
And hope you have a river nearby - it's the best place to find others, but even without one there are still places of interest or a street to socialise!
Unless like me it's only now you realise you should and could have🥲
"We have all conveniences and even gas heating"
Good for you, it's not like that in every dacha district.
So moody eh? @@johnkonstantin4277
It's so unexpected that someone on TH-cam is exploring the architecture and concept of building of your hometown.
Togliatti (as well as Naberezhnye Chelny) is a city, built according to the new concept of the Soviet city, which was worked on in the 50s and 60s. Architects tried to improve the microdistrict layout. I can recommend an article (but it's in Russian): "ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ПЛАНИРОВОЧНОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ НОВЕЙШИХ ГОРОДОВ ТОЛЬЯТТИ И НАБЕРЕЖНЫЕ ЧЕЛНЫ" by the author
В. Павличенков.
Greetings from Togliatti!
That's so cool that this reached you! Nice to meet you!
In Sweden we call these "koloniträdgårdar" (colony gardens), a way for city people to grow some veggies even if they don't have gardens attached to their homes.
Yes ... this idea is widespread. Russia, the former states of the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe (so everything east of Germany) call them Dacha, in Germany and Austria they are called Schrebergarten/Kleingarten, in the United Kingdom they are called allotments, etc. When people were forced to migrate into cities, they wanted a small space in nature to do gardening and plant vegetables for their own consumption.
It's so quiet in Dacha. All you hear is birds singing and some neighbour moving lawn or something.
Truly relaxing. You can do gardening, eat and sunbathe. Potatoes, cucumbers, tomatos, all kinds of berries. You can find it all there.
о, я тебя в комментах под хайлайтами с Марго часто вижу
Do people use loud power tools?
@@letkwu the only loud sounds they produce come from mowing the grass
no noisy neighbors with music loudspeakers?
@uraoshi sometimes, yeah! Someone can turn on the music, but in my dacha it's really rare.
We do have these in norway too, even though it's hard to believe because of the terrain.
Here they're called "kolonihager" or "Colony gardens" directly translated to English, but ours are have really tiny cottages ( almost like a play house cottage ), and some have greenhouses on their lot.
That's so cool to hear how there are similar plots all across the world! Also I love Norway, I hope I get to visit someday
In Russia, the tradition of having a "dacha" started in the early 20th century. Wealthy people began buying summer houses outside cities, often near railway stations. These houses gave them a chance to enjoy nature and get away from the polluted cities. During the Soviet era, when private property was banned, dachas changed their purpose. They became small plots of land where workers could grow vegetables and fruits for their families. At first, the government tried to limit this, but under Khrushchev, things changed. Because there were shortages of goods, the government started giving small plots of land, usually between 400 and 1,000 m2, to workers' families. People could build small summer houses and grow food there. In the later years of the Soviet Union, these plots became even more important as shortages got worse. After the Soviet Union collapsed, many people privatized their dacha plots. Some kept using them for gardening, while others turned them into places to relax or built proper homes to live in all year round.
Что значит твоё, "дефицит стал ещё больше" 😂😂😂? О чём ты? Что ты знаешь о России вообще?
Not wrong but i would say having one of those was quite a privilege back then. It was kind of like a big bonus for a good work, those who were successful and well connected got them first. I dont think people really were living from the land until the late 80s and 90s when soviet union collapsed.
Food shortages became a thing only at the end of 1980s, before that people used dachas mostly for getting a better variety of food: fresh vegetables, fruits, etc. It wasn't like you would starve to death in USSR without a dacha...
@@taintedPot A dacha plot was not a privilege for Soviet citizens. Anyone who wanted and had the strength to run a garden plot could take a plot in a gardening association. It was necessary to make a contribution of about one hundred rubles, which is slightly less than the average monthly salary. And you received at your complete disposal an uncultivated plot of land of six hundred square meters.
Nonsense. First of all, term dacha describe very different things.
- dachas arrived in early 18 century, it was lands with size of tiny country where owners lived in palaces.
- already in 19 century around cities were dozens thousands of dachas. They had nothing similar exclusively with rich, otherwise, they were cheaper than apartments in cities (extremely expensive prior to 20 century).
- initially at soviet times so-called dachas represent collective fruit/vegetables gardens, it was collective form of private business. That companies sold own vegetables/fruits on markets. Private property and business was banned only in 1960s by Khrushchev.
- in 1940s was allowed to have dachas in individual property, not only collective.
- from 1930s arrived dachas as form of place for rest, houses there built state. It was big houses, such dachas got important person, like scientists, poets, etc. on that dachas there was no place to grow anything, in most cases it is just house inside of forest.
- in 1970s was allowed on dachas which were un collective property to build small summer houses, dachas from business transformed into place where people just spent weekends for fun. Garden dacha got modern meaning and became similar to that dachas which built state before for important persons.
- in 1980s were removed most restrictions for garden dachas and people started to build pretty big houses. But anyway till nowadays exist misc restrictions, state don’t want that on initially garden lands somebody build high-rise buildings, farms or factories. So de jure till nowadays most of dachas have special status and they are part of collective gardens. I’m itself have such dacha, officially it is part of collective garden company.
If people want to build for self house, then for this exist different lands, without restrictions (including by area).
All sentences about some non existing shortages of food have nothing with reality, else one "cool story" for propaganda purposes from West to scary own people and hold them far away from protests for own rights of workers and agains local regimes.
Moreover, garden dachas are too small to grow there any enough food for family in case of some shortages. While real dachas never were used for growing anything. Some people growing food on garden dachas rarely like hobby. I’m never grew anything, but in my land there are few apple trees from 1930s. They itself growing, arrive new, some gone, I do nothing.
In Finland those are called "Siirtolapuutarha" and the closest equivalent is "allotment" in English.
Cool!
Estonian:
a) "aiandid" (plots of gardening grounds) - as in, actual gardening, with a shed for tools at most.
b) "aiandusühistu" (union of those plots)
c) "aedlinn" ("city" of gardens) - there's a bit more going on than just gardening plots.
d) "suvilaühistu" - huvila·yhdys·kunta (~ union of summerhouse places)
c) → küla (hamlet) → alevik (village) → alev → {ees|väike}linn (town), ...
Sweet!
Dacha also basically means "allotment"
An important fact is that citizens received all these plots of land for free in the USSR (but not as property, but for free use. No rent, no taxes). And in today's Russia, people have the opportunity to register these plots in full ownership.
Usually the size of such a land plot was 600 m2. The original purpose is personal food cultivation, a government food program. Like potatoes instead of urban flowers in the USA during the Great Depression.
Then it turned more into a place of summer recreation and gardening, so part of the land began to be built up with small houses.
Dachas in the Soviet sense began to appear in the late 70s. City residents were offered a free plot of land a few minutes' drive outside the city (usually six hundred square meters of land unsuitable for agricultural use) for their private gardening. The passion was total. I don't know a single Soviet family that didn't have such a dacha. Note that even the most ordinary factory worker built his house out of stone, not boards and plywood. Many built their houses with their own hands - hiring someone was not in the spirit of Soviet people - all housework and repairs were done 90% by family members. Many brought fertile soil to their plot (several trucks) if there was absolutely bare sand or rocks. Fruit trees and a vegetable garden were planted on the plot. Preparing vegetables and fruits for the winter was a favorite pastime of Soviet women. This was also available in stores, but what was grown with your own hands was valued more. All birthdays were celebrated at the dacha with barbecue, delicious food, songs at the table and dancing. Russians are hospitable and everyone knows each other well and as a rule the company was impressive. Each plot has a gas pipeline, electricity and a well with a pump for water. A common phenomenon throughout the country.
My family inherited a dacha when grandpa passed away about 5 years ago. It had basically no infrastructure except electricity and looked more or less abandoned. Dad started upgrading it - got wifi, running water, insulation for the winter, and now it actually is his permanent residence, even after the snow falls. It's an interesting situation, being unable to afford a new apartment and even the potential rent being kind of devastating, but then seeing the parents move out instead of you lol
Ну кстати говоря если смотреть на ситуацию в этом свете, это довольно интересный социальный феномен, которого нет за пределами СНГ.
Получается что дачи снижают социальную нагрузку и дают больше свободы молодому поколению. Да и в целом довольно любопытно, что наши люди испытывают тягу к земле и к старости стараются перебраться в свой дом, что бы работать в своём саду.
Я живу в дачном доме около города Краснодар. Мои родители получили этот участок от советского правительства в 1980-х годах, и после приватизации основали здесь своё поселение. Если хочешь, могу подробнее о них рассказать. Может быть, даже видео сниму с одного из таких районов
I would love to hear more!
Я живу на даче в Крыму. 500м до моря. Круглый год тепло. Над головой летают бакланы, чайки и ракеты ss.)
@@kotnapromke не боишься присесть за дискредитацию армии?
@@LuckyPhox-j4i Боюсь ракет больше чем тюрьмы. Ракета убивает, а в тюрьме макароны с мясом! Бесплатно и вкусно! )
@@LuckyPhox-j4i Поторопись, у нас щас котлетки!
Дачи не только в Тольятти а и в других городах тоже дачи есть. Это типа загородного дома на выходные в тёплое время года.
Yes, they are all over
Such a gem of a channel!!! I love your content!
Aww thanks!!!!
These are also very common in Germany - we call them „Schrebergärten“. Here they are usually organised in so-called colonies, which basically means that a group of these allotments has a common management structure.
You can find Schrebergärten in all sorts of places, often close to railway lines or on currently undeveloped urban land. As far as I know, Schrebergärten are fairly easy to have demolished by the government so that you can develop the land they sit on with housing, transport infrastructure or the like.
If you wanna see the most bizarre allotments I‘ve ever seen, search up the S-Bahn station at Berlin-Westhafen and look right beside the platform underneath the major road bridge. You will find allotments squeezed in between the industrial and suburban rail tracks. It goes to show that some people will use any land they can find for their Schrebergarten.
I was at a Berlin Schrebergärten my uncle took us to in the early 1980s. Tiny allotment, maybe 50 feet by 20 feet. A shed/cabin. They kept their’s impeccably, perfectly manicured. It was a break away from their cramped high-rise apartment.
I saw one when I studied abroad in German, it was very close to the school I attended in Darmstadt.
american baffled by good city design
Literally
That isn't good city design. What our cities have turned into isn't either.
@@katieandkevinsears7724 how is it not good city design? my dearest memories were in and around summer houses/dachas like these.
@@Eye5x5 because they're outside of cities
@@I-Nex but my dacha is in a city 💀
Thank you! It was fun to look at my town from this point of view!
This district was built for an automobile plant, so they designed it with wide roads.
In past it was very rich city, many buildings were built with the plant’s money.
Dachas are not only in the north of the city, but also in the east, west and across dam on the river.
My dacha is in the west, where the river turns. There are also cottage villages with warm houses for the winter
Picture of my profile is Volga river in winter. It's covered in ice so you can walk on it for 10km in width
That's awesome!
These are cute small dachas. We love them.
In our family there is a dacha (25 kilometers from Novosibirsk) You got it right - in the summer at the dacha we grow mainly vegetables, we are also engaged in the improvement of our own plot. Since our winters are cold (up to -35 on average) we don't live in the country. The house is made of timber and insulated badly for winter. However, if you melt the brick kiln, you can live in winter. We mainly hold parties, birthdays, and other family holidays at the country house. Recently, we have planted most of the harvest areas with lawns because there is no problem with purchasing quality vegetables. We harvested most of the crops in the 90s because it was difficult to get good food. Now it is not necessary and our dacha is used as a quiet place to relax).
You can make your dacha to an all season house. It is an option for people that work remotely or for retired people and for people that don't mind to go by their car 5 days a week to an office. There is a main road under these rows. And there are the bus stops, so, people can go to the city by the bus.
Such area is called a gardening partnership. Or dachas. In Soviet times, the state allocated such plots to enterprises like AvtoVAZ for distribution among workers of 600-1200 square meters. The owners of the plot themselves built a small house, a fence, a well, a barn and were engaged in farming.
Usually pensioners with grandchildren live there all summer, and working relatives come on weekends. Now some live there all year round. It is also a paradise for dogs and cats.
Tolyatti is a really interesting city. It's not only because of dachas or districts it also a co-city. It's a part the only agglomeration in Russia with 2 equal cityes: Tolyatti and Samara. My friends who live there says that it is very easy to walk from one city to another without even noticing. These cities have a shared airport between them. I'm looking forward to the moment they became a single Tolyatti-Samara city
ну, как Тольяттинец скажу что на самом деле (по крайней мере в Автозаводском районе) влияние Самары незаметно. И шпилить в Самару 2+ часа на машине, а на автобусе и то дольше
In Bashkiria, in late Soviet times, Ufa city joined with an important industrial center, Chernikovsk, located to the north, and now it is a major district of the city called Chernikovka. Perhaps fans of “doomer wave” will remember the Chernikovskaya Khata musical group
Sounds like the equivalent of an allotment in the UK just minus the brick and mortar buildings. Little areas you rent from the local council and are used for growing fruit and veg etc. Cool little things really. Just stumbled on your channel today and I'm enjoying it a lot!
Yeah
True! Thanks for watching! More videos to come
@@Geomargin I'm looking forward to them! The videos about islands and lakes within islands are right up my street! A friend of mine has an allotment and it is a great little space, takes you away from the city while still being in the city. And you can't beat fresh fruit and veg you've grown yourself! It just tastes better!!
Renting summer houses? Bro, you're supposed to be rich.
@@mnemonicpie Me?
Dacha is actually a cool thing from my perspective. Because it's free real estate, i guess. It can actually cost under a 100K ₽(~1K$) sometimes. And you can spend another 50K for renovation and live there
P.S. As someone who lives in Samara, I'm glad that you showed my region
I think Dachas are super cool too!
@@Geomargin Sometimes quite literally. Im from Samara too, and here temperature often extreme in both seasons. Like +40(or even more) in summer and -40 in winter. Latter is rarer, but it still happends and often comes with strong winds. Thx to location right near Kazahstan steppes. So in such hot summer days people flock to dachas.
Also - despite many people disliking micro districts and panel buildings (khruschevkas) in general - they quite good. You have easy access to everything from school to hospital here, in close proximity, and they usually have plenty of trees and grass inside. Ofc they a bit ugly, but in summer with a lot of greenery around its quite nice. Not to mention price - everyone can buy one, with pretty little mortgage (mine was 5 years, i manage to close it in 4). So while i never was a huge fan of communists, ill say they did a great job in improving living condition of common person.
The man discovered "Dacha". Summer house or cottage buildings where one can live all year round...
Hello from Togliatti. I'm living here for 34 years, and was very surprised to see this video.
You are right, this place is dachas, that was given to Avtovaz workers in 80s-90s. It was 600-1000m2 of ex-agriculture land given to a worker for free (or almost free, i'm not sure at the moment), to grow your vegetables and fruits for your families. People built a summer houses (without heating and insulation, so nobody used this houses in winter back then). My parents got their two pieces of land, and we still own it. Dachas played important role after collase of USSR, when we got no food in 90s, and families could grow food for whole on their own dacha.
Nowadays most people grow on dachas just as hobby, and have portable pools, barbeques and banya (russian sauna).
About square-structured part of the city - this part of the city was intentionally designed and built in USSR for Avtovaz workers in 1970s. Almost each block have it own school, shops, etc, so you have all you need in your block and dont move around the city a lot. So nowadays we have no big issue with traffic without good city transport. Most of the houses here is a typical 9-story buildings.
If you have any more questions, I will be happy to answer them.
What is it like growing up in the big blocks with everything near you? i know where i live in America I have to drive an hour to get to my school and the thought of having one a block aways is crazy to me.
@gideondeath1221 you know every corner of your block, at school you can just go home to take lunch and then go back, most of your friends live in the same block, and so on. For me it was crazy to realise, that you take car to go shopping in America. I went to the store next door as 7yo kid and it is normal. Opposite side of living in this city - everything looks similiar and may look kinda depressing, but you get used to it and now i feel it nicely.
What kind of things do you grow at the Dachas?
@@Geomargin potatoes, tomato, cucumbers, apples, pears, different kinds of berry. My father even grow grapes and make his home-made wine.
@gideondeath1221 it's very easy, you just walk everywhere by foot and dont grow into a whale when you reach 40
It's funny to see how bizarre dacha concept can look like for foreigners. For me, spending summer days on dacha is a common thing, it is a good way to have summer vocation and get some berries and veg from your plants, not just from store.
My dacha is located approx 55 km to the east from the place shown in the video. Indeed, dacha is a great place to grow healthy nutricious food: zucchini, sweet pepper, pumpkin, cucumbers, carrots, beets, radishes, strawberries, potatoes, cauliflower cabbage, white cabbage, dill, parsley, apples, pears, apricots, watermelons and much, much more. Gardeners usually buy seeds, plant them in the soil and thus grow a ready crop from the seeds.
I have this kind of garden in Poland here it's called Rod rodzinne ogródki działkowe - family gardening plots, Dacza for us is something different, more of a camp ground.
Awesome!!!
сад-огород не мешает поставить рядом баньку)
Quite simple - you have the square micro-rayon (micro-district), where you have school, shops, apothecary, maybe a medical service, everything within 10 min walk with heavy public transport service. Then you have the dachas, in my homeland we use the Roman villa, where you escape from the city to reconnect with nature and gather potatoes until your back hurts. But then, in summer, there are the magic evenings when you an the other kids go for all kinds of shenanigans with bikes, skateboards or on foot. You pillage the neighbours' cherry trees and then get an earful the next morning. Or drop by the canal, get home soaked to the bone and get scolded because all your clothes are in the apartment in the city ...
Roman villa? What
В России еще со времён Наполеоновского нашествия принято держать две квартиры, летную и зимнюю. В сорокаградусный мороз мы любим греться в тесных городских многоэтажках, доводя температуру в помещении до 25 градусов цельсия. А летом сбегаем от пыльного зноя 40 градусной городской жары в загородные полу лесные дома. Параллельно охотимся, рыбачим, собираем грибы или ягоды, или катаемся на питбайках по лесным дорогам. Так живёт вся страна, разве в вашей стране по другому?
That's interesting. My country is not like that, but that's very cool!
@@Geomargin it is not true that entire country lives like that. More like, older generation or people with better economic status
Dacha's are the Russian equivalent of Canada's cottaging where people spend their summers and especially weekends outdoors drinking, gardening, smoking, etc. Just without the sheer volume of lakes that Canada is known for... Even within a 20 minute drive of the prairie backwater I grew up in are several different "summer villages" or cottage districts where people have these generally non-winterized cabins that may or may not full electricity, indoor plumbing, satellite tv, etc. The newest ones do but vintage ones are like sleeping in a gazebo... I spent my entire 2011 summer working in Canada's north shifting from summer village/camp to summer village/camp since that's what's available for most temporary workers up there including permanently parked 5th wheel trailers with janky heating!
Not only Canada's, in comments there are tons of people who say how it is in their countries, so it's not exclusive.
Many people have saunas ("banya"s) at their dachas, which allows them to use such places even in winter, when everything is covered in snow.
My entire house is like the size of one of these secondary dwellings.
Same honestly hahaha
@@Geomargin I live in what I guess is like an Australian Dacha.
Tbh we have these kind of Garden plots here and it consists of mostly just a small cottage with 2-3 rooms, but some people go crazy...
Russian sociologist here. The actual origin of modern-type dachas is in the Post-WWII USSR. Sure, there were some pre-war dachas, but those were scarce and mostly higher class places. In the 1930-1950s there was a peak in the urbanizarion rates, millions of people were moving from villages to cities, but:
1) They were often still semi-rural people in their mindset;
2) You COULD NOT own a private land in the USSR, nothing beyond 600 square meters (generally).
3) Once you are an urban dweller (meaning you left your parental private house in the village dozens of km away) and you need something private and rural-like, that is the only thing you can purchase (technically it is a form of a lease, but those were de-facto private or felt like private) - a (usually) more or less standardized patch of land of 600 sq meters, where you can only place a summer-like house (permanent residence not allowed), a bathhouse and some primitive utility buildings. That is your own PRIVATE reservation, you can grow whateever you want, do whatever you want (within the limits of a lighter summer-type house, but you are quite free in terms of architecture, interiors and exteriors, hooray), but you cannot extend it anyhow beyond these size limits.
4) You DO NEED the dacha, because a lot of things are barely available for purchase in the stores \ markets (you could buy something in the village, but those are far away), so you grow things yourself, you do grow fruits, berries (also potatos, cabbages, carrots, tomatoes, pickles, etc), you invest yourself every weekend while season allows (may to september), and after that somewhere in September you collect those things and preserve them and eat them during the winter when city markets become particularly scarce (remember that even globally international trade was still not as developed + USSR wasn't importing much + internal food trade was severely limited because of the planned economy that just wasn't prioritising it, and free markets weren't a thing). So this self-grown food was actually important for people since like 1960-1970s and those dachas did save millions of russians from actual starvation in the 1990s when everything collapsed, incomes fell twice (even compared to late-USST quite limited level) and dozens of millions lost their jobs (domestic agriculture and food production were in collapse and needed time to recover on a new private basis while imported food was very expensive).
5) Those dachas were also vital for the USSR planned economy. A research institute in our Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences did a study in the 1980s that showed that while these dachas were only 1% of entire USSR croplands, they produced around 11% of entire agriculture, meaning they were 11 TIMES MORE PRODUCTIVE than state-own agricultural enterprises. A tiny bit of private land with usually no machinery was 11 times more efficient than gigantic mechanized state agriculatural collective enterprises. That is how vital they were.
6) They were also a thing of social status, much like owning a car, but usually easier to obtain. A symbol of a good well-being. Because usually you had to purchase those patches of land (or they were awarded\distributed to you by the state for some achievement like working somewhere for 5-10 years or achieving some high position). Often you had to build a house yourself too (BUT REMEMBER: there was no construction materials markets in the USSR, you just couldn't buy those freely. You - and everybody else - had to "obtain" them - meaning a test of your social connections and "networking" skills. So once you have a decent house, that "implies" that you not only had the money to buy it all (or you\your family achieved something in terms of work so you were "awarded" or had a priviledge for such lease), but you also are skillful or influential enough to obtain the fancy (or just normal) materials for construction. For interiors too.).
7) Once you have a dacha and you grow some fruits and berries there, you can cook more sophisticated things (like jams, or other various kinds of preservation, or delicious cakes with those things) and invite friends \ relatives \ somebody else and brag about what you cooked, because that is one of very few ways to obtain ingredients for cooking such gourmet meals. Because, once again, you either cannot buy those things at the market or it is too expensive here, even if available, while here you obtain it at the cost of your own labor.
☝🤓
Thank you for the detailed comment! Super cool to hear from a Russian sociologist.
The russian historian is here, too. The project of dachas appeared in late Stalin's era. And one of the purposes was to give the people a chance to survive after nuke war. In case of war, the enemy would most likely destroy all production in the city. The population had to survive in the bunker. And in order to feed the survivors, the population had to switch to subsistence farming at first. That is why dachas were built only near cities and in quantities equal to potential survivors. This information was hidden from the population at that time. But they promoted that this was a place for growing food. And if you did not do this, then the dacha could be taken and given to another family.
Dachas in it's true form appeard only in Brezhnev's time
Speaking of materials and their scarcity, you reminded me of our neighbours dacha, whose house has been built mostly from 'reclaimed' used wooden raildoad ties (шпалы), which were all soaked in tar and train juices, rendering them pretty toxic - but it was a popular building material, because our dacha community was the plots of lands awarded to railroad workers, so railorad 'spare parts' were used a lot - e.g. we had train heaters in our house.
A lot of people in the comments are saying they are the equivalent to an allotment, this isn't accurate. Allotments are usually community owned and you definitely can't build a house on them.
Dacha's or summer cottages are full fledged houses, usually with their own well for water and electricity. However, normally they aren't fully insulated, therefore aren't suitable for year round living but people definitely do live in them for longer periods of time(commonly grandparents or retirees)
Huh, my hometown and I think my friend's summer house which I visited some 10 yrs ago is inside this "array of dachas" at 1:20. These houses can only serve as countryside huts as there is no central heating and they are usually cheap (meaning bad heat isolation). Some comments: there is no 120'000 workers at that car plant anymore, currently around 40'000 (after massive laid-offs in 2000s). Also an interesting fact that this "manhattan-style" city planning was used on purpose to make the wind from the river to flow along the parallel streets and blow fumes away from the city into fields to the north. The original town which was flooded (to create a dam and a hydropower station) was much smaller. There are still some artifacts from that town some enthusiasts find, for example one guy told me about an old cemetery which was revealed due to the erosion on the bank of the reservoir
Thanks for the corrections! I think I watched an outdated video about the car plants.
Initially, after the revolution, dachas were primarily state-owned or given to the Soviet elite - party officials, artists, and scientists. These were often grander homes in the countryside, used for leisure and sometimes work retreats.
After World War II, the USSR had great difficulty in rebuilding its economy. There was a shortage of foodstuffs in the country. In 1946, the Council of Ministers began to think about how to quickly fill the shortage of food and not be distracted from the restoration of the almost completely destroyed heavy industry.
Soon the solution was found. In 1944, vegetable scientist Vitaly Edelstein wrote the book "Individual vegetable garden". In this book he calculated the norm of vegetable consumption per person for year - 500,7 kg. He also found out that first of all potatoes, carrots, rutabagas and onions should be grown, and then he also added cucumbers, tomatoes, cabbage and legumes.
Then the professor calculated that 124.5 square meters of land is required to grow this amount of vegetables.
Taking into account that the average Soviet family had from 3.9 to 4.3 people, and adding space for planting garden trees, it turned out that a 'dacha' for one family should be 600 square meters (the famous '6 sotok (hundreds)').
The scientific community and the authorities welcomed Edelstein's book (In 1956 the professor was recognized as an honorary member of VASKHNIL, and in 1961 he was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor). Therefore, already in 1949, a decree was issued according to which citizens began to be given plots of land for cultivation. (this land wasn't formally private property, and if you didn't take care of it and didn't grow something, the land may be taken away from you). These plots were generally outside city limits (and it was forbidden to build houses with a usable area of more than 25m²), so people began building simple, often very basic, sheds or small houses, just to stay there for weekends in summertime.
In 60's - 80's dacha ownership became more common. These weren’t luxurious, but served as a way to supplement food supplies and escape crowded city life. They were a place for families to relax, garden, and connect with nature. The dacha culture became deeply ingrained in Soviet life.
Despite the fact that the nutritional value of vegetable crops has been repeatedly revised since then, citizens continued to receive their six acres absolutely free right until the collapse of the USSR. In the 1990s, dacha plots were recognized as private property, which they remain to this day, but in 2019 the term 'dacha' has lost its legal status, now it's just a 'country house'.
P.s. In the 16th century, the word 'dacha' was used in the sense of 'gift', 'present' and derived from the verb 'dati' (to give). They're still related words (present - 'podarok', (to) give - 'davat’ '. In rare cases the word dacha can still be used in the sense of 'to give' (for ex. (giving) testify - 'dacha pokazaniy').
02:25 Dude's swinging his mouse cursor in a kilometer radius right above my head.
Cool!
@@Geomargin Just so you're aware, these blocks are pretty big, each is about a square kilometer, and within them there's internal roads as well. So when it comes to grocery stores, malls, schools etc, more often than not there's several for each block. The city is divided in this way not to contain all amenities inside each block, but to optimize both traffic and pedestrian movement. The roads between blocks are huge, sometimes 100 meters across, complete with very wide sidewalks and trees for shade. Because the roads are so wide and because the checkerboard pattern provides several different ways to reach any destination within the city, traffic congestion is very rare. And city is very walkable, not only because even the internal roads have sidewalks, but also because most traffic is concentrated on the big roads.
This does mostly apply to the new city though, the Avtozavodkiy district, which is the one you are showing in the video, the other districts, Central and Komsomolskiy are less neatly organized.
I should've looked out the window!
In Germany they are called Schrebergarten or Kleingarten. There are about 1.5 million of them.
Russia can afford it because it can. Even now, there is a practice of allocating land for garden plots that can be privatized and a large house built. Many people do that.
Interesting!
@@Geomarginlet's say not just because it can, but because it has a lot of land and relatively small population, so why not give people some land, when there still will be a lo more left?
More than 40% of households have a secondary house in Russia. 80% have their own house with no mortgage.
I was in one near Kyiv, when I visited some relative of my family back in the 3rd grade. I remember a two story house with a garden, a broken TV and an almost illegally comfy bed we were chilling on.
That's so cool, good memories. I want to visit one
Usually people in Russian cities have a district which is on the outskirts of the main city, they go out there to grill some meat, plant a vegetable, drink some beer... Just a cozy place to leave from the hustle and bustle of the city :D Also the land price in outskirts is cheaper than in the city so you can buy a pice a of land for 2-5k$ and build your own house from 0
That's awesome!
this is exactly typical style of city planning - large paneled blocks of flats in a square, with a parking space and a garden playground for kids and parents. Such planned districts, with that type of blocks of flats, exist even in Italy (Milano 1 and 2 districts), Germany (East Berlin entirely), Poland, Ukraine, predominantly and especially in the Soviet sphere of influence.....In more developed countries, like here in Bulgaria, those summer homes with gardens are called Villa Zone, almost all larger cities had such "zones", basically districts nowadays. It's actually quite nice, if you have a spot like that. We sold ours long time ago, now it would have worth x100 at least, since the place was on the hills above the city that I live in - Stara Zagora. Beautiful place. I've been almost everywhere around the world, I love this place the most....Excuse my bias xD Any ways, Cheers from Bulgaria, Happy New Year and I hope to see more of your videos, keep it up!
You might want to look at Bulgaria and see if you can find anything odd :D Наздраве!
Thank you for commenting! That's awesome to hear from your experience! Stara Zagora looks like a beautiful city, especially in that northern side. I would love to visit Bulgaria one day and check out what the Dachas are like, I think it's a cool concept that I wish I could see in North America too. I'll look into Bulgaria and see if I can find any fun and bizarre things on google maps. Cheers!
"in more developed counrties" exaple: bulgaria
While It Does Sound Funny To Be Fair It Is Much More Industrialized Than Some Global South Countries
That made me laugh😂@Itchybol
@Itchybol Bulgaria was extremely developed before 1990. Then, capitalism came...
Tolyatti was built as the city of the "future" in the Soviet Union, there were cheap apartments, a lot of work in factories and assembling new VAZ cars, so the city was divided into parts. The old part of the city, which has a long history, the central and the left parts are the new parts if we saying about all history of the city. And if we talk about dachas, then at least in the Samara region (I live here) we have a lot of such zones with dachas. They are used more as summer homes or places of relaxation from urban life. Buying a small plot of land( or when the USSR give you this land to live there because this was a biggest problem at begining of USSR that a lot's of people live like in wood barracks because they didn't have any house) for a dacha or cottage in which you are rarely located is a good decision, but due to the availability of such zones, they are quickly bought up and built up such zones are called either "Dachas cooperatives" or dachas
Касаемо постройки нашего города: на самом деле побывав в Казани и Самаре я не могу вспомнить ничего удобнее, чем застройка Автозаводского района квадратами. Все свое детство можно даже и не покинуть свой квартал (квадрат) - там ведь несколько детских площадок, куча друзей, магазины , что еще надо ребенку? И изучать город гораздо проще, и место для парковки есть в большинстве случаев. Хотя конечно я сейчас по 20 минут ищу место у дома.😅 А вот учеба была в Старом городе (Центральный район) и там мне было сложнее разобраться. Порой нельзя было пройти наискосок какой-то участок. Хотя в Новом городе (Автозаводский) можно любой квартал идти наискосок.
Dacha is for drinking vodka and roasting some chicken over the fire (making the so called shashlik)
Hello from Tolliyaty, just when i saw thumbnail recognized it, i really don't know how
Pretty amused to see my hometown in random youtube video, because our city get's really small attention comparing to others, eventhough it's world modernistic architecture capital, if i can say so
Greetings, glad this video reached you! I would love to visit Tolyatti one day
@@Geomargin ждём в гости на шашлыки
Здравствуйте, Тольяттинцы)
@@Geomargin Hi, I'm from Togliatti too! The city is nice, and yeah, there are a lot of examples of late 50s-60s soviet city planning as well
Google translate: We had a dacha, without electricity, running water or other amenities, a cleared area in the forest with small summer houses and ponds, people grew potatoes and vegetables, but since the mid-90s the area has been completely abandoned, because the dachas have lost their significance
I'd say, this is not the best example of dacha village. It's too big. Better ones, are much smaller, about two or three hundred houses, which gives villagers easy access to surrounding nature. But since so much people want to have dacha, suburbs become overcrowded. And in this case there is not much nature left around anyway.
I was amazed when I saw my town in this video :D Yeah, we're living in such a nice place and we actually have most of important shops/facilities next to our homes. Moreover, here's the cool forest nearby in which citizens love cycling at the summer time and skiing at the winter time. That's all because Togliatti was built as a "city of a nice communistic future" and must been comfortable for the people from the very beginning. Feel free to ask me any questions about the town and local coutryside if you have so.
That's awesome! Seems like such a cool city. Is there cross country skiing?
@Geomargin Yes, here's a bunch of ski slopes in the forest including steep descents from hills. Besides, on the other side of the river there's a huge national park "Samarskaya Luka", which is perfect place for any sport activity.
Hi! In Ukraine, like in other Slavic countries, we have something called dachas. Back in the 1950s, during the Soviet era, city residents were given plots of land for gardening and building small summer homes. These plots were often allocated by factories where workers had been employed for years, which is why dachas are usually clustered close together. Since city air was polluted, and there wasn’t much space for gardening, people would go to their dachas to enjoy cleaner air, build small houses, and grow vegetables. My family has a dacha too. Besides a house and a garden, we have a garage, a small apiary, and a couple of grapevines. Nowadays, the government (those that succeeded the USSR) rarely allocates land for new dachas. As a result, most dacha owners are older people, while younger generations tend to stay in the cities and rarely visit.
1:50 Friend, you are a little mistaken. Yes, in Russia there really is such a concept as a dacha. A dacha is usually a fairly remote place from the city (about 5-40 km from the city, for Moscow 50-150 km), where there is a small house, usually wooden and often without heating, exclusively for summer recreation on weekends. There people do gardening and spend time in the fresh air away from the bustle of the city. But what you are showing is not a dacha. This is the private sector - houses for permanent residence of families. In the last 15 years in Russia, the construction of private houses (cottages as we call them), capital heated buildings, has become very affordable, and this is often cheaper than buying apartments. For example, an apartment can now be bought for about 250 thousand rubles per square meter, and a house can be built for 100,000 rubles per square meter, and if you build it yourself, then for 50 thousand rubles per square meter. that is why chapel houses, as we call them, are now very popular in Russia, it is much more pleasant to live on your own land in your own house, not to have neighbors above and below, to have space where children can walk outside all year round and where you can do your own farming, build a swimming pool, a bathhouse, a garage and a workshop. Plus such houses are cheaper to maintain than utility bills for an apartment. About 2-3 times cheaper if the house is built correctly in terms of thermal engineering.
Thanks for the correction!
I’m from Belarus and I’ve spend all of my childhood summers there until I moved abroad. It was an amazing experience growing up. Our whole family gathered there in summer, including grandparents and occasionally cousins. My dacha was in a better area than the city in this video, we had multiple forests, streams and lakes nearby. Biking was a joy. I had many other neighbors kids around the place to spend time with.
Our house was in our family for 3 generations, every few decades the house was rebuilt/upgraded or something else was added to our plot - like a sauna/bathhouse, or a cookout rotunda. We had grass plots I played ball in, inflatable pools, veggie growing lots, flower pens etc.
about 5 years ago my dad bought a neighbor’s plot, upgraded the house into a scandinavian style house to be livable year round, and turned the neighbour’s house into a guest house. It’s a full fledged estate now. It makes me very sad to not be able to visit it for the last 5 years.
Woww, Dachas next to the legendary AvtoVaz plant is insane. My lovely Lada's come from here
Digging potatoes in the summer school holidays isn't the only activity, people make barbecues, go swimming in the river, dachas are usually located near some river or lake, in my university years in the summer holidays I lived at friends dacha several times up to a month in a row and it wouldn't get boring. We also several times stayed there in winter in -20 Celsius, and it was quite livable. Some people convert dachas to a permanent living houses by adding conveniences and improving insulation
Soviets gave every family 600sq meters of dacha. Dacha is "given".
500/600/800/.. sq meters. It's value was dependent of region and place.
this would be an insane liminal space
Literally the backrooms
Wow I'm from Russia and I never knew dachas could get this crazy😅 I always thought of them as small villages, not something like this
Yeah, when I looked dachas up most examples were small little neighborhoods of them, not miles wide
@@Geomargin You should check Irkutsk on the satellite map. There are a lot of summer houses to the south of the city. And they are located on the sites where the forest was cut down. It looks very interesting.
Ты подмосковные СНТ еще не видел)
@@popindosin228хз, видел несколько, тоже ничего особенного не замечал
@@popindosin228 не знаю, видел несколько и ничего особенного не заметил
Happiest place for kids to spend summer.
We have a wonderful dacha in Tula oblast, ~120 km from Moscow which is around 2h 15 minutes by train. It's a big house with a lot of rooma and gas heating, so my parents live there the whole year round. In summer we love to go cycling with my dad. There is a big Oka river in 12 km from our village. Come to Russia and we will show you true dachacore experience with barbeque, river swimming, gardening and drinking tea from samovar!
I would love to come and check it out!
Dachas in Russia is hidden and rather big part of economic. Most people have small salaries, but a lot of them constantly grow different kind of vegetables (mostly potato, carrot, onion, zucchini, beetroot and berries). This allows them to have good support from nature and their food is clean, as it does not have any kind of chemicals and other synthetic elements.
That's the city I grew up in! I didn't recognize it from the thumbnail, though...
Cool!
Dachas was given to people to increase their food diversity and insure food supplies in extremal case's. Actually It worked, because after faul of SU alot people didn't had access to food and eat only of dachas. Also was useful in Corona time, I spend it there and now days some of my friends in Ukraine living/going to live of grid on dacha
this is so cute, foreigners discovering post-soviet traditions and stuff like this :)
you were pretty much on point describing this! :D
Thank you hehehehe
as a child i always thought dachas being so lame. But now, the concept of a cheap, small piece of land, where you can chill with your friends and family seems sooo good. I would like to buy one
A dacha is usually a country house of 30 to 80 m², located on a plot of land of 600 to 2000 m². This plot of land is either in a gardening area or in a village.
Fun fact: I currently am inside one. So ppl have very small plots of land in SNTs or DPKs, which are communities of dacha owners, where each has a very small plot of land, typically 600 square meters, most of them only have residents during summer time because there is usually no heating inside them, and also because during the rest of the year ppl are only able to come there on weekends, which leaves snow from the entire week uncleaned when they arrive, so the houses are very difficult to access. The communities typically have an organized fence around them and some security personnel, for which each of the plot owners pay a bit of money to fund. In richer communities, there might be natural gas infrastructure for heating and personnel for cleaning snowy streets, so ppl are able to come in winter, too. I fortunately have this feature, and both of my retired grandmas live in their dachas full year and are very happy with them. That's kinda all, sorry if my english is not very good, I'm literally a 15 year old Russian 😅, thx for your attention to life in our country ❤
That's so cool that you are in one currently! It would be so fun to be in one I think. Also, your English is great! I love learning about Russia and especially the interior
Some old people in Russia think that their dacha is an agriculture powerhouse, and start intensive food growing even with help of a tracktor plow. Then they get argued with their younger relatives, who don't want to break back with a showel, and want just chill out in green.
Dacha's are widely spread, they originated from Tsarist's Russia, and they even survived Soviet Union with all it's collectivism. Originaly, they were territories of land, given by Tsar, to his army, as a part of payment for entering the duty. Hovewer, through time, they turned into a really widely-spread houses for rest at summer. My father even had two dacha's, but now he enjoys just one, since it can take a lot of time taking care of your land and improving something. I by myself crafted some benches and stools for spending time outdoors during "shashliki" (barbeques). So, yes, they are mainly for spending your free time there. Some dacha's are on the outskirts of the city's, but there are also a lot of "dachniy cooperative" (or gardening societies) located far outside from the city's territory, and you have to go there by train or by car. Hovewer, as a result, you can enjoy the nature in it's purest (it's a giant difference from living in blocks). Also, it's a typical thing to get stuck in a traffic jam somewhere in the cities outskirst at the end of your holidays, because a lot of "dachnikys" are returning home.
In USSR you could get "6 sotok" (20 by 30 meters) piece of land to grow veggies/fruits and have small summer house. This was organized (thus ideal square strip/grid structure), people didn't own the land and didn't pay for it. Land was privatized only after USSR collapse. There were limitations on plot size (it was standard 6 near a city and a bit more if far away), type and size of house you could have. For example there was height limit (thus "broken" roofs to fit more spacy 2nd floor) and no inhabitable second floor rule (thus no permanent stairs to 2nd floor, only removable ladders).
The ~self-sufficent square city blocks are actually awesome. They may look bizarre to people used to cul de sacs, but they are so much better for living.
As a Russian, one glance was enough for me to understand that these are dachas. They are everywhere.
Our close relatives had a dacha near Kherson, but it got flooded after the dam destruction and to this day we don't know what condition it's in
This cluster of dachas impressive by size, but it is kinda close to city which is make sence. My dacha was 80 kilometers away from Saint-Petersburg, Reachable only by train or 2 hours ride by car. That was literally in the middle of nowhere, cluster itself was on territory of 12 square kilometers.On summer there was population around 3-5 thousand people. There were 2 hardware stores and 4 grocery stores. Main transportation was bikes. It was crazy to think, but there were no single police or medical centers around. There only few (3-5) people, who lived there whole year (including my grandfather). Most of people were visiting only at summer weekends, while sending their kids to live there whole summer.
Here in Russia it’s dachia only when you have an apartment, if you haven’t one, then it’s “private countryside house”
as someone else said, these are basically in every single medium to big sized polish city too.
Ahh, I instantly knew what it was. We have this stuff in Poland as well. It's a way for people living in commie blocks to have their own garden.
Writing this from a dacha myself. Have to say, such a massive conglometarion of those in Tolyatti is pretty impressive in how massive and uniform it is. Such communities, if you can call them that, are usually much smaller and much more eclectic. What they have here is probably some kind of a centralized effort by the car plant management, something along the lines of giving workers dachas for a certain mumber of years of employment.
Also, the self-contained microdistricts in which you can basically reach any amenities (schools, shops, general entertainment) without using any form of transportation is just the way Soviet cities were build generally. They are rarely this perfectly square though.
The word dacha originates from the verb to give "davat". In the region where I grew up, such plots are commonly referred to as gardens "sady". Urban residents in the SU only began receiving dachas after WW2. Typically, they were allocated by state enterprises to their employees. Over time, the first dacha cooperatives also started to appear in the country.
From a legal standpoint, a dacha wasn't considered private property. Theoretically, if a person changed their place of residence or workplace, they could be required to return the dacha to the state. The distribution of dachas in the USSR, in a way, wasn't driven by prosperity. The idea was that dachas would primarily be given to urban residents, particularly industrial workers. At the time, the country faced significant economic difficulties, and it was assumed that a small garden plot could provide essential support to working families in difficult times.
A standard dacha plot was about 600 square meters. This size was deemed sufficient to supply a family of 4-5 people with vegetables, while also leaving space for a small house and agricultural structures. In addition to a house, many dachas also included a garage and a traditional Russian sauna, called a banya. Houses often had a cellar for storing homemade preserves and other supplies for the winter. Additionally, since apartments in Khrushchyovkas (Soviet-era apartment buildings) were small, dachas became a place to store old items, books, tools, and miscellaneous clutter that couldn't fit in the apartment.
Я попал по адресу:) Постараюсь сейчас кратко разъяснить всё.
В целом автор прав, дачи - преимущественно летние дома. Они находятся за пределами больших городов, в небольших городках или вообще в лесу, как деревни. И Дачи часто находятся в другой области от места жительства (как пример, моя дача была примерно в 150 километрах от основного дома, что в целом является нормой) На моей даче был небольшой дом на 3 кровати, участок с качелями и маленький сад в котором росли огурцы, вкусные кстати.
Так же часто люди ездят на дачи только по выходным, как вариант отдохнуть наверное, честно не вижу в этого особого смысла, но кому-то нравится.
По поводу районов в городах - это норма. В советское время всегда старались строить отдельными блоками, Самара - просто хороший пример этому. В этих блоках было всё необходимое - магазины, школы, детские сады, площадки и другое. Можете посмотреть южную часть Москвы, как пример районы "Нагатинский Затон" "Марьино" "Братеево" "Академический", или северную, как пример - район "Бескудниковский" (Восточное Дегунино), там хорошо видны эти блоки
Google translate please work
Yes, google translate worked! Thank you for all of the information!
Dachas and collective (communal) gardens were introduced at large scale in 1950x to provide sources of food for cases like a repeating Great Patriotic War and to provide distributed shelter in case of american nuclear bombing. Such land plots helped us live through 90s...
Similar exist in London UK too. They are called "allotments" - an area to grow vegetables, divided between small "allotment" next to each other, for each person, typically who lives in flats (not in a house with a yard). However they have no small buildings there, just the little gardens.
In Bulgaria these are called "villa"s. And again like you said most of them are seasonal homes for people. Though in for example in Varna, these villas are more like seaside mansions, unlike anywhere in the country.
Here in Georgia we we also have Dachas, but sometimes differently. Here most people dont build new dachas and we just go to the houses in villages that were left to us by our parents and grandparents
In Germany (not only in the east) we call it Kleingarten (little garden) usually located in a Kleingartensparte. Just zoom down into e.g. Leipzig. It is your tiny patch of country side in a city
In Lithuania we also have these but we call them sodai which just translates to gardens. Usually they have small houses without heating but there has been a trend where people actually move to live in these to escape city life and even i am living in this type of neighbourhood just that most people build new proper houses instead like my dad did.
Russian Dachas have actually undergone quite an interesting evolution. First those were basically just land plots (typicaly 600 sq m in size) for people to grow their own food. They initially appeared not so long after the end of the WW2 when the devastated country still had some occasional food shortages. Later the government allowed people to build some simple small houses there that were good just for spending a night without the need to return to the city in the evening after working in the garden (the similar thing exists in Germany and other European countries with very strict laws prohibiting some prolonged living in such houses). However the Dachas in the Soviet Union became so popular among the population as not only garden but recreational places as well that eventually turned into real summer houses where people (mostly elderly and often kids) were living daily through the whole warm season and the Soviet government eased the restrictions even more. It was allowed to build a real one story house with attic on such land plot with the house size not larger than 25 sq m plus 10 sq m of a terrace. However many people were also building separate saunas, garages, greenhouses and such on their land in addition to these houses and frankly the Soviet authorities were not really strict in controlling the size of people's dachas as well. After the Soviet Union collapsed the last remaining restrictions were lifted and many people turned their dachas into real cottages suitable for the permanent living through the whole year. More than half of Russian families have their own summer house - dacha, as of today.
My grandfather got a dacha in the 1970s from the installation department. In the 1980s, a tornado destroyed the dacha village. Old people said that they thought a war had started. The wind lifted buses and entire houses, and then for several weeks they took out the corpses. But then the village was restored.
I remember there were ponds there, where people relaxed and swam. The house was one-story, with electric heating and a potbelly stove. Between the plots, ditches were dug to collect water for irrigation. My grandfather trolled me and gave me a fishing rod so that I could fish in the ditches. Of course, there were no fish there
we have those in Poland too, the only issue is often people don’t use them as intended and store junk or live there and heat it with anything that burns.
My mom's family had been given a dacha to use during the Soviet Union, she'd bring her school friends there, later it was taken away because it was owned by the government. Now she built her own dacha at age 50.
It is a log cabin that my mom and her husband did a lot of work for themselves because hiring workers is expensive. For example they caulked the whole cabin themselves using a material called jute, I think? For a long time it was only a summer home without hot water or central heating (however it did have a wood furnace). But we put a full kitchen there, there's a living room, and an upstairs sort of "loft" bedroom where my mom sleeps. And only recently have we managed to upgrade the dacha thanks to credit cards and my new job, we built an addition where a natual gas boiler and water boiler go, and also a full bathroom. The addition is not log cabin but a frame house (more like frame room), with a standing-seam metal roof over it. They also put radiators throughout the house. That's how dacha became a lot more comfortable, now we have hot water, heating, and even installed WiFi (before we were using mobile hotspot for internet but it wasn't working well).
Oh and they built their own banya which is a common structure on these lots, it is kind of like a sauna. I personally don't care for it but my mom and her husband love it
Hello! I'm actually from Tolyatti (or Togliatti) myself. I got recommended your video about a recurve lake in Canada, went to the channel, and this is literally the first video I saw. As has probably already been written, Togliatti is essentially a city built from scratch. There is no such historical center here; everything was built over several decades. Thanks to this, Soviet architects realized their concepts of an ideal city (the population of the city was then growing rapidly thanks to all the factories under construction, such as AvtoVAZ, Togliatti Azot, Togliatti Sintez Kauchuk and others). Each block contains everything necessary for life, and every few blocks there is a park. In the Avtozavodsky District, highways and wide roads between neighborhoods were built due to the fact that a large percentage of workers had cars. There are a lot of large villages around Tolyatti. In fact, I don’t know exactly what caused the creation of such a cluster of dacha settlements in the region, but from Togliatti to Samara there are a lot of them (of varying degrees of prosperity). Most likely, during the city's development boom, many people had sufficient funds to build houses and the land attracted investment.
Not all idealistic Soviet projects make sense/function in the city, and the population is decreasing (unemployment due to layoffs at the factories), but still the city is interesting as a monument to Soviet architecture and urban planning (like, for example, many single-industry towns that are now in decline). (There is beautiful nature, too)
Thanks for the video
That’s awesome! Nice to meet you! I think it would be so cool to visit one day. Thanks for the comment!