Are you being ironic? We face a future of climate chaos and ecosystem collapse, and you think you live in great times? Geothermal energy is energy taken from the Earth's core, it comes from heat generated during the original formation of the planet and the radioactive decay of materials, and is not green in any way. Just because it doesn't cause CO2 emmissions some shallow thinkers imagine it's part of the solution to global heating, it isn't, it's part of the problem, and while fossil fuels are being phased out geothermal is expanding because simple non thinkers imagine it's green. Just repeating low carbon is a mantra to reassure those scared of the consequences of climate change. Dream on.
Indeed we do. Kids nowadays have no idea how good they have it. But then, it's always been that way. You need to live a little, try to survive off grid for a while. Then you can come back appreciate glorious civilization!
we have the adequate knowledge that came from the mistakes of our ancestors, if we acknowledge every knowledge and failures that they have made I am sure we still have a chance to rewrite this world
I've been looking for a simple explanation like this. The only way this could be better is if you showed an example of the physical devices for the indoor and outdoor units or parts. And thanks for the great video!
These are by far the best and most clear videos that I have found. I use them in my Adult HVAC classes and they benefit my students greatly. Thanks for clear, concise, accurate, and sometimes amusing videos!
yea but i think that the part at: 6:22 is misleading for people who just learn about this stuff from my personal logic/understanding the expansion valve just maintains the two different pressure zones and its not the thing that actually turns liquid into vapor I'm pretty sure that its the pressure drop doing that, and the pressure drop is caused by the compressor but this is just my logic and maybe im just nitpicking... anywa, the video is great
I’m 36 and have been an HVACR tech for 17 years now. Heat pumps have come a long way. I don’t care who says what they are very practical and efficient. Check out the Mitsubishi Hi-2 versions. They give you 100% heat capacity at 5 degrees Fahrenheit and 95% heat capacity at -15 degrees Fahrenheit!!! That’s insane.
@@sheledmikymo Very low compared with heating with gas and especially low compared to electric resistance heat. Heat pumps don't create heat. They use electricity to move refrigerant, which carries or "pumps" heat from inside to outside or vice-versa. That takes a lot less energy than creating heat.
How much energy does that compressor use? This is all nice, but is the electricity required for that compressor what uses electricity the most in this system?
Been a HVAC engineer for over 30 years was in hospital brushing up watching your video's you never stop learning and also you forget a lot of basics over the years brilliant videos . Are you putting together a book ?
Hello Paul, I just discovered you TH-cam channel. I think it is absolutely amazing. I'm on a quest to engineer the most sustainable home. I'm wondering if this is a topic you might make some videos on.
After looking over the entire internet…. Some one finally decided to actually explain how this works instead of dumbing it down so they can get views thank you soooo much my man
That’s a great video, I really like that you stop to point us in the direction of other videos that explain the various stages in more detail. Really brilliant stuff, thanks.
ssllhh100 Hi, for an water source heat pump you can use this the wasted energy either heating or cooling if you have a series of outdoor units coupled together.
Second law of thermodynamics, with every exchange, our energy storage, is becoming more and more diffuse and less and less usable. I'd imagine you could surround your heat pumps, with other heat pumps, until there was no usable energy left and it was requiring more energy to drive the pump, than was being extracted.
Everything is relative. Water boils at 212 degrees F at sea level pressure which is 14.7 psi. Have seen it boil in a vacuum at room temperature and it can boil at hundreds of degrees in a high pressure boiler. This is the basis of a refrigeration system. By manipulating temperatures and pressures you can force a refrigerant to either evaporate or condense which will either absorb or release heat. Basically using a refrigerant to transfer heat from one area and release it in another area.
I don't understand one thing. The most common refrigerators such as R32 and R410A, have a boiling temperature at around -50 degree Celcius. Let's assume that the indoor temperature is 30 C and outdoor temperature is 30 C too. And we want to cool the place. How is it possible that the temperature of the refrigerant increases in the evaporator and drops in the condenser? In the evaporator, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the indoor air(30 C) and it warms. In the condenser, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the outdoor air(30 C) and it cools and condensed. How can you drop the temperature of the refrigerant to -50 degree C using the 30-degree C air? That's against the thermodynamics rules.
@@kaan2215 Get a pressure temperature chart for R-22 and follow along. I am going to use Farenheight. R-22, at 14.7 pounds pressure (atmospheric), has a boiling temp of around -13 degrees. Let's go thru a complete refrigeration cycle in a comfort AC system with 90 degrees ambient, 75 degrees in the conditioned space, a high side pressure of 250 psig, and a low side pressure of 65 psig. The compressor will compress the refrigerant to a high pressure, high temperature gas, and in this example of a high side pressure of 250 psig, its condensing temperature is 117 degrees. Now the condenser fan runs cooler 90-degree air over the condenser coil and cools this refrigerant below the 117 condensing temperature forcing the refrigerant to condense. This change of state, from a gas to a liquid, releases a large amount of heat, called latent heat. This refrigerant then leaves the condenser at basically the same pressure but now is a medium temperature liquid. This refrigerant then enters the evaporator thru an expansion device, which induces a pressure drop. In this example we now have a 65 PSIG evaporator coil, and at that pressure R-22 evaporates at around 37.5 degrees and it is forced to evaporate, and this change of state absorbs a large amount of BTU's from the warmer 75-degree room air that is passing over the evaporator coil. We are now left will low pressure, low temperature gas that goes back to the compressor to start our cycle all over again. It completely follows and can be explained by the laws of thermodynamics. Please let me know if there is something you don't understand and I can help you with it.
@@kaan2215 Its actual simple. Get a pressure temperature chart and follow along. We are going to use Fahrenheit and R-22 in a comfort air conditioning scenario, with 90 degree outside air and a 75 degree inside air, with a 250 PSIG high side pressure and a 65 PSIG low side pressure. Starting at the compressor, it compresses a low temperature, low pressure gas to a high temperature, high pressure gas and discharges this gas thru the hot gas line to the condenser at 250 PSIG .The condensing temperature of refrigerant at that pressure for R-22 is 117 degrees, and as the cooler outside 90-degree air passes over the condenser coil it cools the refrigerant below its condensing temperature and forces it to condense. This change of state, from a gas to a liquid, releases a tremendous amount of heat, called latent heat. We are now left with a high pressure, medium temperature liquid that leaves the condenser thru the liquid line and then enters the evaporator thru an expansion device, which induces a pressure loss and, in this example, leaves us with a 65 PSIG evaporator coil. R-22 at this pressure evaporates at around 37.5 degrees and since room air passing over the coil is 75 degrees this forces the refrigerant to evaporate. Again, a change of state, this time from a liquid to a gas, now absorbs a large amount of heat (from the room air) and now we are left with a low temperature, low pressure gas that returns to the compressor to start the whole refrigeration cycle over again. Completely follows and is explained by the laws of thermodynamics.
@@kaan2215Mostly about manipulating refrigerant to the proper pressures but then you also have to then manipulate the refrigerant temperature to then change its state from a liquid to a gas ( or vice versa) to complete this process.
I’ll be honest that is much more complicated than I thought it was gonna be. Great explanation!! It’s crazy to think the amount of knowledge you need to have just to be a red seal tradesman!! Kudos
I wish you did a video with graphics. Such as within the pipes. Show each process in detail as it passes each component. Essentially combining all your videos in one. No complaints here. Love your work. I’m just asking as I learn better with pictures and visualizations. One of the reasons I’m attracted to your channel. Thank you
In winter uk (Oct to Mar ie 6months of the year!): 1. Lounge gets too hot at seated height 2. Lounge is very cold at foot level 3. Cannot air dry clothes in home anymore - Have to use Dryer - more electric) 4. Costs 3x more than summer 5. Is a nightmare and frustrating to understand operation for a typical end user
The best explanation I found so far, thank you. Will watch all of videos to understand the principle. I want to start this type of business in Kazakhstan in future, so just researching
6:43 The hot water tank doesn't feed the radiators, if it did, it would run out of hot water in a matter of minutes. Keep in mind that heat pumps have high flow rate, they move over 600 liters of water per hour. A heat pump needs between 30 - 90 minutes to heat up a 200 liter water tank. If you moved all the water in the tank through the radiator circuit 3+ times per hour, the heat pump wouldn't be able to keep up with the dissipation rate. DHW tanks for heat pumps aren't heated directly, a "serpentine" (spiral heat exchanging pipe) is used to heat the water in the tank, so there's an efficiency penalty. Some tanks also come with auxiliary heating elements (resistors), which help speed up the heating process, but this comes at the cost of doubling electric consumption, which defeats the purpose of having a heat pump. So, basically, the heat pump needs to feed the radiator circuit directly, for best results. This is achieved by using a 3-way electrovalve, which is installed between the heat pump and everything else. This electrovalve diverts the ouflowing hot water from the heat pump to either the radiator circuit or the water tank's internal "serpentine", as needed. It's an "either or" kind of system, it won't do both DHW and radiator heating at the same time.
if they were all so magically efficient As everyone says they are, they would already be in all new homes. But they're not because they're more complex, have more parts, function poorly in outside temp extremes and are literally a pipe dream at this point.
Mine is between 360-420% efficient, depending on how cold it is outside and how high of a flow temperature I need. I didn't pull these numbers out of a datasheet, they come from electric consumption and heat output monitoring... they're as real as they get. For every kWh of electricity it uses, my heat pump provides between 3,6 - 4,2kWh of heat. Granted, we don't live in Canada, Scandinavia or Siberia, we do get below 0ºC temps, but nothing as crazy as -20 or -40ºC This "pipe dream" has been keeping our home at a comfy 21-23ºC and providing domestic hot water all winter. The running cost is less than half of what we used to spend with our oil boiler, the level of comfort is miles better, thanks to increased flow rate and constant operation. Also, fyi, heat pumps, solar thermal, etc. are already mandatory for new buildings in some countries. The main problem I see with heat pumps is that many installers and sales people either have no clue or are dishonest. They charge twice or thrice as much as they should, they sell you criminally oversized machines, they insist on putting in a buffer tank and secondary pumps when there's no need in many cases (and it's counterproductive, even)...
what's the running costs? do they supply plenty of heat in the middle of winter?, not a lot of call for air conditioning in the uk, why don't we use up all the coal gas and oil in a clean efficient way, then switch to heat pumps in 100 years, i,e switch by choice don't make it compulsory
Great video. I have been using a heat pump to heat my swimming pool forc25 years. I recently replaced the main circuit board after the unit was hit by lightning. I have replaced some other parts but need only to replace the liquid in the temperature reading tube that is inside the water inlet port. There is small wire that is inside a small copper tube that goes back into the main circuit board. Can you tell me what type of liquid I need to fill this tube with? I assume it must be non-flammable. Thanks
I genuinely don't understand how they work. I didn't find this video helpful. If anyone cam explain them to me I would be interested in understand them
It's an air conditioning unit running in reverse. The refrigerant boils at very very low temperatures, so it can absorb energy from the air outside even in winter, the compressor packs this energy into a very small space which increases the temperature and its then pumped indoors. That's as simple as I can make it, I would suggest watching the video again in full without skipping and pause the make notes, it will click, don't give up.
Yep, it is fascinating. I just cannot get my head around how on earth it is more efficient than the water tank with a simple heating rod inside. Pushing the coolant (R134a) in your car costs you approx 10% of the total fuel consumption and some considerable power if you have petrol engine 1.1 litre. Even the most typical fridge-freezer - the compressor is using about 500W - to cool 20 deg celsius in maybe 0.5m3 I am not convinced this system is able to produce 70 celsius on even one small radiator and deliver hot water (52Celsius) to the taps. Have the thermodynamic laws changed recently?
I worked in aerospace and the facility I worked at had many large buildings and lots of workers ....they did not use conventional HVAC they had a central plant that made steam and also water to all the buildings ....chilled water and air movement kept those building CHILL all summer long and the steam lines kept it all toasty in the cold months and provided hot water ...I was always amazed how well it all worked
sir i have a question. what if i want to build my own mini electricity? through natural gas. since my place have own natural gas on underground. now i want to install heat exchanger on my genset. is it possible to do that? instead of using it's giant radiator. I'll just took it out then replace it with heat exchanger system? so could run it continuously everyday?
Cam Smith not true. That happened in a couple of social housing developments where the initial design was crap. The capital out lay is generally higher than a combi boiler but with the renewable heat incentive, and proper sizing/design the cost to buy and to run is not bad.
Even idiots like me (a historian, with zero knowledge of physics or engineering) can be very much enlightened and informed by this video. I always wondered how my f---g hot air pump worked. Thought it was by black magic. And yet, depend on it so thoroughly (live in Sweden). THANK YOU.
why would you want a expansion valve? the kinetic energy that the refrigerant already have is wasted ? ( I know energy can't be destroyed) Wouldnt just the already high pressured liquid become even more pressured and gas formed if expansion valve didnt exist?
You keep talking about cooler temperatures and warmer temperatures. There is NO SUCH THING. Temperatures can NOT be 'warm'. They can be HIGH. They can also not be 'cold' or 'cool'. They can however be LOW. Similarly a price can not be expensive, but HIGH. A speed can not be fast, but HIGH.
The only principally different heat pump technology is missing in this review. Water evaporation and condensation heat pump without compressor and refrigerant at all.
Confusing..... Either way, what if I lay pipe, closed loop, the geothermal energy rises (heat rises), then heat bleeds into my house, then liquid flows back down (some gravity, some syphon aspect) Why more complicated than this......
I don’t understand how you can just decide to switch the high and low sides, because isn’t the low side piping PHYSICALLY larger than the high side piping??
This is by far the best video explaining and illustrating how heat pump works. Some other ones on here seem to assume you already have a master's degree in HVAC to understand them.
Great explanation! No trying to dump on the vid, but it confirms a lot of my assumptions. Cdn government wants to outlaw burning of fossil fuels to save the environment. As a magical pill. This tech can be offered as an option. Heat pump use now means refrigerant gas will be needed for both heating and cooling. As the systems age the high pressure gas leaks into the environment. This system would also put more pressure on a fragile electric grid.
I always hear that heat pump is very efficient and save on electricity and air conditioner use a lot of electricity but arent they the same thing? Shouldnt both be consuming the same amount of electricity?
A more costly way to heat one's home.? Using heat from the ground? How expensive will that be.? There are going to be many many people who simply will not be able to afford to pay for heating the home in this way. Have the people been told about the expense of running this type of heating for a year.? . How does it compare with electricity and or gas? What is the cost of repairs? There is a rush now to try do our best to save the world it seems, so how are governments helping those countries who simply will not bother. If your in the game, then your in it together because there simply is no point in the UK doing its best with everyone else looking on.
I have a question as I am see people stating heat pumps are efficient but when they utilize auxiliary heating system which works in conjunction with the heat pump when the outside temp is around 37 degrees. I used an amp clamp to see what the current use was with the heat pump V the auxiliary. in. the heat pump mode the current was 45 amps while when it was in the auxiliary mode the current was 34 amps. it appears it would be cheaper to heat me house with the auxiliary mode how can this be the case? Help please
You don't know what the actual heat output from the heat pump vs the aux heat is, you only know what the electrical input is. The electric element probably only outputs 1/3 of the heat that the heat pump will.
I suddenly realized why they call the two lines that connect the outdoor unit to indoor hardware the 'vapor line' and the more narrow gauge 'liquid line'. Because of the reversing valve, the direction of flow on those two lines reverses flow when changing mode, but the larger vapor line always carries vapor, the more narrow gauge line carries mostly liquid. During heating the vapor line carries slightly superheated vapor to the indoor condensor, during cooling the room temperature vapor makes its way back to the compressor in the opposite direction. Presumably the indoor vapor line always comes off the top of the coils, the liquid line comes off the bottom, so gravity keeps fluid from going the wrong way and choking the compressor.
in heating mode, what is the purpose of passing the low-pressure, low-temperature liquid/vapor refrigerant through the outdoor exchanger, to get a low-temperature, low-pressure, slightly superheated vapor? Why must that process take place?
Content and explanation is great but speaking too fast. To understand what is explained for someone who is trying to learn requires a number of repeat listening this video and sometimes one would find it tedious.
I lived in three places with heat pumps for a total of 8 years. Two of the pumps had to be replaced at significant cost. In 35 years with gas heat and airconditioning I never had to replace anything.
So do these heat pumps, pollute the atmosphere, in much the same way as do refrigerators? And if so, how are they, any better than normal, household gas boilers?
Best explaination of the air to air system I have ever seen. I have 40 years in the HVAC system and I'm so tired of the "advertising" of the heat pump takes "heat" out of the ambient air outside and transfers it to heat in the house. When it's 10F degrees outside there is no heat there but when I try to explain the heat comes from the compression of the refridgerant out of the compressor I'm told I'm always wrong and even by some of the current crop of HVAC mechanics. I definitely subscribed and liked and will refer doubting Thomas's to your video!
When is 10°f, there's 10°out there. The phase change takes place anywhere north of -15°f, so it's definitely taking heat from the outside. You can test this by putting thermometers in front of and behind your outdoor unit.
Respectfully Chris you're wrong. And what am I gonna do with 10 degrees in a house I'm trying to get to let's say 70? Take your time and figure out what is going on. You'll figure it out and don't just buy the hype of the heat pump. There is a reason modern thermostats let you select an OAT to not activate the heat pump and use Aux heat instead. Just figure out what you have and what you're trying to do. I promise you the light will go on and you'll respond I'm right. I've been in the business way too long my friend.
@@lisajohnson8566Ask yourself how AC works, how can you make 90 air into 45 degree air that cools your house to 65 degrees on a hot summer day? It’s an energy transfer, and each system fluid has different levels of efficiency. This is why a harmful chemical like Freon is used. It can swing over 200 degrees between phases and pressures, whereas water cannot get cold without freezing, so your band is smaller. Efficiency will kill an H2O A/C.
@@lisajohnson8566Additionally, Freon can go as cold as -25 to -55 degrees, which is colder than a cold day, so the needed heat transfer can still exist. The reason AC is much more efficient than heat pumps is the difference in temperatures. The hot Freon is much hotter than outside whereas the cold Freon is only a little colder than the outside cold. Think in terms of relativity and energy transfer more than temperature transfer, which if that was the case, a/c’s would not work and nor would heat pumps.
Thanks lot for the video. Can you please tell what are the system parameters in case of a Air to Water Heat Pump? I mean Evaporating Temperature, Condensation temperature for ambient conditions of 12 deg.C. What refrigerant to chose R134a or R410A? We need a hot water supply of 55 deg.C.
Watch videos like this at 0.75 speed. I'm in an engineering field but the speed and pace of these videos can still get to ya. Albeit they are great nonetheless.
Correct me if I'm wrong, but hydroflurocarbons were banned from fridges because they are 1000's of time more harmful to the ozone layer than carbon dioxide. So why are we now using this chemical in heat exchangers?
HFC refrigerants are not ozone depleting like the CFC and HCFC refrigerants they replaced. But they are potent greenhouse gases. They are now being phased out in favor of HFO and HC refrigerants.
How has it worked for you? Do you find it efficient? How cold does it get where you live ? I'm in Western Kanada, it's forced air furnaces everywhere up here. Very inefficient.
Here in Sweden the Nibe F1255 and Mitsubishi Ecodan are getting more and more populair with outside temp -30C they still are efficient!! We install them every day. Great vid by the way!👍🏻
I've been looking into changing my air conditioner to a heat pump unfortunately like everything else there is a major Mark up so airconditioning technician are not interested in upgrading old air conditioner unit's so they want to sell a new heat pump unit and make a large profit most air conditioning system have very little run time our unit may have 20 hours on it I've thought about trying to do the work myself I'd heard about the reversing valve but not the other two valves you show in your video I've also heard about using ground water for cooling and heating with a heat pump we have water 20 feet down so would love to use it to cut heating costs further I'm also looking at going solar electric I looked at heat pump water heater I thought maybe if I could use the hotwater to heat my house but even though some are pricey they are still affordable if I do the installation myself but non will run off buget friendly solar electric so they become unaffordable adding three grand to two grand is buget tight adding three grand to eight grand is unaffordable for most of so thank you for an excellent video
⚠️ *Found this video super useful?* Buy Paul a coffee to say thanks: ☕
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Good
Helpful.thanks.
Could you please make a video on vapour injection system in scroll compressors?
01:17 into the video, and the second commercial begins.
Remember when youtube wasn't obnoxiously innundated with excessive commercials ?!?
Pepperidge Farm Remembers !
I stopped understanding as soon as he said "Hi" 💯
I Love the fact that a channel like this can even exist :) We live in great times
No we don´t. the earth has corona
Are you being ironic? We face a future of climate chaos and ecosystem collapse, and you think you live in great times? Geothermal energy is energy taken from the Earth's core, it comes from heat generated during the original formation of the planet and the radioactive decay of materials, and is not green in any way. Just because it doesn't cause CO2 emmissions some shallow thinkers imagine it's part of the solution to global heating, it isn't, it's part of the problem, and while fossil fuels are being phased out geothermal is expanding because simple non thinkers imagine it's green. Just repeating low carbon is a mantra to reassure those scared of the consequences of climate change. Dream on.
Indeed we do. Kids nowadays have no idea how good they have it.
But then, it's always been that way. You need to live a little, try to survive off grid for a while. Then you can come back appreciate glorious civilization!
@@davidjessop2279 lighten up nerd it's an opinion lol
we have the adequate knowledge that came from the mistakes of our ancestors, if we acknowledge every knowledge and failures that they have made I am sure we still have a chance to rewrite this world
you get charged $20 a day in winter you are better off at a motel
I've been looking for a simple explanation like this. The only way this could be better is if you showed an example of the physical devices for the indoor and outdoor units or parts. And thanks for the great video!
These are by far the best and most clear videos that I have found. I use them in my Adult HVAC classes and they benefit my students greatly. Thanks for clear, concise, accurate, and sometimes amusing videos!
yea but i think that the part at:
6:22
is misleading for people who just learn about this stuff
from my personal logic/understanding the expansion valve just maintains the two different pressure zones and its not the thing that actually turns liquid into vapor
I'm pretty sure that its the pressure drop doing that, and the pressure drop is caused by the compressor
but this is just my logic and maybe im just nitpicking...
anywa, the video is great
👌
I’m 36 and have been an HVACR tech for 17 years now. Heat pumps have come a long way. I don’t care who says what they are very practical and efficient. Check out the Mitsubishi Hi-2 versions. They give you 100% heat capacity at 5 degrees Fahrenheit and 95% heat capacity at -15 degrees Fahrenheit!!! That’s insane.
ApprenticeThatTextstooMuch and the electrical costs are?
@@sheledmikymo MUCH lower than using a typical space heater
Its the LED equivalent of heating
@@sheledmikymo Very low compared with heating with gas and especially low compared to electric resistance heat. Heat pumps don't create heat. They use electricity to move refrigerant, which carries or "pumps" heat from inside to outside or vice-versa. That takes a lot less energy than creating heat.
Is it possible to power an air to water heater with a solar panel
@@jodygallagher8829 Yes, with a large enough panel. It wouldn't take much.
Now I know what my wife is going through when I try to explain football
Lmaooo
How much energy does that compressor use? This is all nice, but is the electricity required for that compressor what uses electricity the most in this system?
Been a HVAC engineer for over 30 years was in hospital brushing up watching your video's you never stop learning and also you forget a lot of basics over the years brilliant videos . Are you putting together a book ?
Do you mkake good money doing this?
You bet, Abdul, you bet
Keep on learning
You asked a good question. It would be great if all these points were collected in the form of a book or continuous educational video
Lots of components to go wrong that will leave you with either no heating or cooling.
Anybody else here because they want to look smart at their nans swary?
Been heat pump manufacture 30 years, welcome communicate about HVAC
I live in the tropics. Never heard of heat pumps. But imagined it to be a 'reverse' AC unit. Very helpful explanation. Thanks
reverse my window air conditioner?
You really could. 😀
I smashed the subscribe button so hard after the first vid I saw. THANK YOU
Hello Paul, I just discovered you TH-cam channel. I think it is absolutely amazing. I'm on a quest to engineer the most sustainable home. I'm wondering if this is a topic you might make some videos on.
After looking over the entire internet…. Some one finally decided to actually explain how this works instead of dumbing it down so they can get views thank you soooo much my man
That’s a great video, I really like that you stop to point us in the direction of other videos that explain the various stages in more detail. Really brilliant stuff, thanks.
is there any way to recover the energy from the wasted heat in order to improove efficiency ?
ssllhh100 Hi, for an water source heat pump you can use this the wasted energy either heating or cooling if you have a series of outdoor units coupled together.
Can go for a vrf heat pump system. These allow simultaneous heating and cooling th-cam.com/channels/k0fGHsCEzGig-rSzkfCjMw.htmlvideos
Second law of thermodynamics, with every exchange, our energy storage, is becoming more and more diffuse and less and less usable. I'd imagine you could surround your heat pumps, with other heat pumps, until there was no usable energy left and it was requiring more energy to drive the pump, than was being extracted.
New VRF unit video here:➡️ th-cam.com/video/4i1XgcP1tmw/w-d-xo.html
I’ve been checking out your videos for a while now as a student in the HVAC program at Kennedy-King College here in Chicago IL. HOW WONDERFUL !!! 😊👍🏾
Everything is relative. Water boils at 212 degrees F at sea level pressure which is 14.7 psi. Have seen it boil in a vacuum at room temperature and it can boil at hundreds of degrees in a high pressure boiler. This is the basis of a refrigeration system. By manipulating temperatures and pressures you can force a refrigerant to either evaporate or condense which will either absorb or release heat. Basically using a refrigerant to transfer heat from one area and release it in another area.
I don't understand one thing. The most common refrigerators such as R32 and R410A, have a boiling temperature at around -50 degree Celcius. Let's assume that the indoor temperature is 30 C and outdoor temperature is 30 C too. And we want to cool the place. How is it possible that the temperature of the refrigerant increases in the evaporator and drops in the condenser? In the evaporator, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the indoor air(30 C) and it warms. In the condenser, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the outdoor air(30 C) and it cools and condensed. How can you drop the temperature of the refrigerant to -50 degree C using the 30-degree C air? That's against the thermodynamics rules.
@@kaan2215 Get a pressure temperature chart for R-22 and follow along. I am going to use Farenheight. R-22, at 14.7 pounds pressure (atmospheric), has a boiling temp of around -13 degrees. Let's go thru a complete refrigeration cycle in a comfort AC system with 90 degrees ambient, 75 degrees in the conditioned space, a high side pressure of 250 psig, and a low side pressure of 65 psig. The compressor will compress the refrigerant to a high pressure, high temperature gas, and in this example of a high side pressure of 250 psig, its condensing temperature is 117 degrees. Now the condenser fan runs cooler 90-degree air over the condenser coil and cools this refrigerant below the 117 condensing temperature forcing the refrigerant to condense. This change of state, from a gas to a liquid, releases a large amount of heat, called latent heat. This refrigerant then leaves the condenser at basically the same pressure but now is a medium temperature liquid. This refrigerant then enters the evaporator thru an expansion device, which induces a pressure drop. In this example we now have a 65 PSIG evaporator coil, and at that pressure R-22 evaporates at around 37.5 degrees and it is forced to evaporate, and this change of state absorbs a large amount of BTU's from the warmer 75-degree room air that is passing over the evaporator coil. We are now left will low pressure, low temperature gas that goes back to the compressor to start our cycle all over again. It completely follows and can be explained by the laws of thermodynamics. Please let me know if there is something you don't understand and I can help you with it.
@@kaan2215 Its actual simple. Get a pressure temperature chart and follow along. We are going to use Fahrenheit and R-22 in a comfort air conditioning scenario, with 90 degree outside air and a 75 degree inside air, with a 250 PSIG high side pressure and a 65 PSIG low side pressure. Starting at the compressor, it compresses a low temperature, low pressure gas to a high temperature, high pressure gas and discharges this gas thru the hot gas line to the condenser at 250 PSIG .The condensing temperature of refrigerant at that pressure for R-22 is 117 degrees, and as the cooler outside 90-degree air passes over the condenser coil it cools the refrigerant below its condensing temperature and forces it to condense. This change of state, from a gas to a liquid, releases a tremendous amount of heat, called latent heat. We are now left with a high pressure, medium temperature liquid that leaves the condenser thru the liquid line and then enters the evaporator thru an expansion device, which induces a pressure loss and, in this example, leaves us with a 65 PSIG evaporator coil. R-22 at this pressure evaporates at around 37.5 degrees and since room air passing over the coil is 75 degrees this forces the refrigerant to evaporate. Again, a change of state, this time from a liquid to a gas, now absorbs a large amount of heat (from the room air) and now we are left with a low temperature, low pressure gas that returns to the compressor to start the whole refrigeration cycle over again. Completely follows and is explained by the laws of thermodynamics.
@@Howie875 So is it all about pressure? We manipulate boiling and condensing temperatures by changing pressure?
@@kaan2215Mostly about manipulating refrigerant to the proper pressures but then you also have to then manipulate the refrigerant temperature to then change its state from a liquid to a gas ( or vice versa) to complete this process.
I’ll be honest that is much more complicated than I thought it was gonna be. Great explanation!!
It’s crazy to think the amount of knowledge you need to have just to be a red seal tradesman!!
Kudos
I wish you did a video with graphics. Such as within the pipes. Show each process in detail as it passes each component. Essentially combining all your videos in one. No complaints here. Love your work. I’m just asking as I learn better with pictures and visualizations. One of the reasons I’m attracted to your channel. Thank you
Im here cause I cant sleep
When is very cold is useless
In winter uk (Oct to Mar ie 6months of the year!):
1. Lounge gets too hot at seated height
2. Lounge is very cold at foot level
3. Cannot air dry clothes in home anymore - Have to use Dryer - more electric)
4. Costs 3x more than summer
5. Is a nightmare and frustrating to understand operation for a typical end user
British homes are of then poorly insulated what causes problems.
The best explanation I found so far, thank you. Will watch all of videos to understand the principle. I want to start this type of business in Kazakhstan in future, so just researching
6:43 The hot water tank doesn't feed the radiators, if it did, it would run out of hot water in a matter of minutes.
Keep in mind that heat pumps have high flow rate, they move over 600 liters of water per hour.
A heat pump needs between 30 - 90 minutes to heat up a 200 liter water tank.
If you moved all the water in the tank through the radiator circuit 3+ times per hour, the heat pump wouldn't be able to keep up with the dissipation rate.
DHW tanks for heat pumps aren't heated directly, a "serpentine" (spiral heat exchanging pipe) is used to heat the water in the tank, so there's an efficiency penalty.
Some tanks also come with auxiliary heating elements (resistors), which help speed up the heating process, but this comes at the cost of doubling electric consumption, which defeats the purpose of having a heat pump.
So, basically, the heat pump needs to feed the radiator circuit directly, for best results.
This is achieved by using a 3-way electrovalve, which is installed between the heat pump and everything else.
This electrovalve diverts the ouflowing hot water from the heat pump to either the radiator circuit or the water tank's internal "serpentine", as needed.
It's an "either or" kind of system, it won't do both DHW and radiator heating at the same time.
explained very well 👌
Nice video but a pointer would be helpful. Sometimes the animation directs attention without a pointer, but a lot of times it doesn't.
if they were all so magically efficient As everyone says they are, they would already be in all new homes. But they're not because they're more complex, have more parts, function poorly in outside temp extremes and are literally a pipe dream at this point.
Mine is between 360-420% efficient, depending on how cold it is outside and how high of a flow temperature I need.
I didn't pull these numbers out of a datasheet, they come from electric consumption and heat output monitoring... they're as real as they get.
For every kWh of electricity it uses, my heat pump provides between 3,6 - 4,2kWh of heat.
Granted, we don't live in Canada, Scandinavia or Siberia, we do get below 0ºC temps, but nothing as crazy as -20 or -40ºC
This "pipe dream" has been keeping our home at a comfy 21-23ºC and providing domestic hot water all winter.
The running cost is less than half of what we used to spend with our oil boiler, the level of comfort is miles better, thanks to increased flow rate and constant operation.
Also, fyi, heat pumps, solar thermal, etc. are already mandatory for new buildings in some countries.
The main problem I see with heat pumps is that many installers and sales people either have no clue or are dishonest.
They charge twice or thrice as much as they should, they sell you criminally oversized machines, they insist on putting in a buffer tank and secondary pumps when there's no need in many cases (and it's counterproductive, even)...
So basically its a reversible airconditioner and heater?
what's the running costs? do they supply plenty of heat in the middle of winter?, not a lot of call for air conditioning in the uk, why don't we use up all the coal gas and oil in a clean efficient way, then switch to heat pumps in 100 years, i,e switch by choice don't make it compulsory
Great video. I have been using a heat pump to heat my swimming pool forc25 years. I recently replaced the main circuit board after the unit was hit by lightning. I have replaced some other parts but need only to replace the liquid in the temperature reading tube that is inside the water inlet port. There is small wire that is inside a small copper tube that goes back into the main circuit board. Can you tell me what type of liquid I need to fill this tube with? I assume it must be non-flammable. Thanks
I genuinely don't understand how they work. I didn't find this video helpful. If anyone cam explain them to me I would be interested in understand them
It's an air conditioning unit running in reverse. The refrigerant boils at very very low temperatures, so it can absorb energy from the air outside even in winter, the compressor packs this energy into a very small space which increases the temperature and its then pumped indoors. That's as simple as I can make it, I would suggest watching the video again in full without skipping and pause the make notes, it will click, don't give up.
I’ve been fascinated by this process because it’s in a closed loop, I know a high pressure side and low pressure side, but flipping them is brilliant.
Yep, it is fascinating. I just cannot get my head around how on earth it is more efficient than the water tank with a simple heating rod inside. Pushing the coolant (R134a) in your car costs you approx 10% of the total fuel consumption and some considerable power if you have petrol engine 1.1 litre. Even the most typical fridge-freezer - the compressor is using about 500W - to cool 20 deg celsius in maybe 0.5m3 I am not convinced this system is able to produce 70 celsius on even one small radiator and deliver hot water (52Celsius) to the taps. Have the thermodynamic laws changed recently?
The idea seems good, but surely the amount of power , ie., electric all these components use would cancel out the efficiency of the set up..
Nope, you could even run it off solar/wind with the right setup
I worked in aerospace and the facility I worked at had many large buildings and lots of workers ....they did not use conventional HVAC they had a central plant that made steam and also water to all the buildings ....chilled water and air movement kept those building CHILL all summer long and the steam lines kept it all toasty in the cold months and provided hot water ...I was always amazed how well it all worked
As a chemical engineer, this idea cost more
sounds like a lot to go wrong with 'em t' me
1:54 you forgot the accumulator. That is vital in a heat pump.
sir i have a question. what if i want to build my own mini electricity? through natural gas. since my place have own natural gas on underground. now i want to install heat exchanger on my genset. is it possible to do that? instead of using it's giant radiator. I'll just took it out then replace it with heat exchanger system? so could run it continuously everyday?
Check this *HEAT PUMP GUIDE* here ➡️ th-cam.com/video/U3iL172VjAc/w-d-xo.html
My heat isn’t working 😪
Here in the UK they're really expensive vs gas boilers. Most people who've fitted have ended up decommissioning them, as the hype hasn't materialized.
Cam Smith not true. That happened in a couple of social housing developments where the initial design was crap. The capital out lay is generally higher than a combi boiler but with the renewable heat incentive, and proper sizing/design the cost to buy and to run is not bad.
@@TheAlfonzoBonzo Electric energy is 3-4 times expensive than gas. Don't confuse the people.
Even idiots like me (a historian, with zero knowledge of physics or engineering) can be very much enlightened and informed by this video. I always wondered how my f---g hot air pump worked. Thought it was by black magic. And yet, depend on it so thoroughly (live in Sweden). THANK YOU.
Excellent explanation as always. Thank you 🙏🏽
why would you want a expansion valve? the kinetic energy that the refrigerant already have is wasted ? ( I know energy can't be destroyed)
Wouldnt just the already high pressured liquid become even more pressured and gas formed if expansion valve didnt exist?
Too complicated. You lost me at 2:26 - how does a refrigerant produce heat ???
You keep talking about cooler temperatures and warmer temperatures. There is NO SUCH THING. Temperatures can NOT be 'warm'. They can be HIGH. They can also not be 'cold' or 'cool'. They can however be LOW. Similarly a price can not be expensive, but HIGH. A speed can not be fast, but HIGH.
The only principally different heat pump technology is missing in this review. Water evaporation and condensation heat pump without compressor and refrigerant at all.
Confusing.....
Either way, what if I lay pipe, closed loop, the geothermal energy rises (heat rises), then heat bleeds into my house, then liquid flows back down (some gravity, some syphon aspect)
Why more complicated than this......
Plz pual make videos on plumbing also.
I don’t understand how you can just decide to switch the high and low sides, because isn’t the low side piping PHYSICALLY larger than the high side piping??
This is by far the best video explaining and illustrating how heat pump works. Some other ones on here seem to assume you already have a master's degree in HVAC to understand them.
⚠️Learn (ADVANCED) *How Heat pumps works* here: th-cam.com/video/QykwWs3L1W8/w-d-xo.html⚠️
Best explainer 👍✌️🎉🎉🎉🎉
Great explanation! No trying to dump on the vid, but it confirms a lot of my assumptions. Cdn government wants to outlaw burning of fossil fuels to save the environment. As a magical pill. This tech can be offered as an option. Heat pump use now means refrigerant gas will be needed for both heating and cooling. As the systems age the high pressure gas leaks into the environment. This system would also put more pressure on a fragile electric grid.
This is the best explanation on TH-cam of how an air conditioner works. Kudos to you.
I always hear that heat pump is very efficient and save on electricity and air conditioner use a lot of electricity but arent they the same thing? Shouldnt both be consuming the same amount of electricity?
I'd Like to see this junk work in -30C -40C -50C in a 1700 sq/ft house without freezing all the kids in the house
Adding heat, to natural water sources. Is something to be careful about, avoiding.
Instead, perhaps a heat sink, for winter use?
Fairly complicated, efficient, and expensive.
Would heat pumps be something that you typically could buy in south Texas? I don’t know anyone who has one
A more costly way to heat one's home.? Using heat from the ground? How expensive will that be.? There are going to be many many people who simply will not be able to afford to pay for heating the home in this way. Have the people been told about the expense of running this type of heating for a year.? . How does it compare with electricity and or gas? What is the cost of repairs? There is a rush now to try do our best to save the world it seems, so how are governments helping those countries who simply will not bother. If your in the game, then your in it together because there simply is no point in the UK doing its best with everyone else looking on.
Great 'happy hour' text at the top. A bit confused but it seems to do with different modes of the heat/compression relationship.
I have a question as I am see people stating heat pumps are efficient but when they utilize auxiliary heating system which works in conjunction with the heat pump when the outside temp is around 37 degrees. I used an amp clamp to see what the current use was with the heat pump V the auxiliary. in. the heat pump mode the current was 45 amps while when it was in the auxiliary mode the current was 34 amps. it appears it would be cheaper to heat me house with the auxiliary mode how can this be the case? Help please
You don't know what the actual heat output from the heat pump vs the aux heat is, you only know what the electrical input is. The electric element probably only outputs 1/3 of the heat that the heat pump will.
I suddenly realized why they call the two lines that connect the outdoor unit to indoor hardware the 'vapor line' and the more narrow gauge 'liquid line'. Because of the reversing valve, the direction of flow on those two lines reverses flow when changing mode, but the larger vapor line always carries vapor, the more narrow gauge line carries mostly liquid. During heating the vapor line carries slightly superheated vapor to the indoor condensor, during cooling the room temperature vapor makes its way back to the compressor in the opposite direction. Presumably the indoor vapor line always comes off the top of the coils, the liquid line comes off the bottom, so gravity keeps fluid from going the wrong way and choking the compressor.
Makes me wonder if you can, and how difficult it would be to, convert an Air conditioner into an Air to Air heat pump? 🤔
in heating mode, what is the purpose of passing the low-pressure, low-temperature liquid/vapor refrigerant through the outdoor exchanger, to get a low-temperature, low-pressure, slightly superheated vapor? Why must that process take place?
bardia to make sure your bringing vapor back to the compressor and not a liquid
Question: How would one heat one's swimming pool with something similar? Any thoughts?
Content and explanation is great but speaking too fast. To understand what is explained for someone who is trying to learn requires a number of repeat listening this video and sometimes one would find it tedious.
Why would you start describing the process at the compressor? The whole principle is heat transfer from out to in.
I lived in three places with heat pumps for a total of 8 years. Two of the pumps had to be replaced at significant cost. In 35 years with gas heat and airconditioning I never had to replace anything.
Except the gas!
Great explanation! Great work! Thanks @ engineering mindset
so basically just a regular air cooler, but reversed and in lower temperature ranges. cooling down the outside even more and dumping heat inside
So do these heat pumps, pollute the atmosphere, in much the same way as do refrigerators? And if so, how are they, any better than normal, household gas boilers?
Absolutely prefect to need.
Best explaination of the air to air system I have ever seen. I have 40 years in the HVAC system and I'm so tired of the "advertising" of the heat pump takes "heat" out of the ambient air outside and transfers it to heat in the house. When it's 10F degrees outside there is no heat there but when I try to explain the heat comes from the compression of the refridgerant out of the compressor I'm told I'm always wrong and even by some of the current crop of HVAC mechanics. I definitely subscribed and liked and will refer doubting Thomas's to your video!
When is 10°f, there's 10°out there. The phase change takes place anywhere north of -15°f, so it's definitely taking heat from the outside. You can test this by putting thermometers in front of and behind your outdoor unit.
Respectfully Chris you're wrong. And what am I gonna do with 10 degrees in a house I'm trying to get to let's say 70? Take your time and figure out what is going on. You'll figure it out and don't just buy the hype of the heat pump. There is a reason modern thermostats let you select an OAT to not activate the heat pump and use Aux heat instead. Just figure out what you have and what you're trying to do. I promise you the light will go on and you'll respond I'm right. I've been in the business way too long my friend.
@@lisajohnson8566Ask yourself how AC works, how can you make 90 air into 45 degree air that cools your house to 65 degrees on a hot summer day? It’s an energy transfer, and each system fluid has different levels of efficiency. This is why a harmful chemical like Freon is used. It can swing over 200 degrees between phases and pressures, whereas water cannot get cold without freezing, so your band is smaller. Efficiency will kill an H2O A/C.
@@lisajohnson8566Additionally, Freon can go as cold as -25 to -55 degrees, which is colder than a cold day, so the needed heat transfer can still exist. The reason AC is much more efficient than heat pumps is the difference in temperatures. The hot Freon is much hotter than outside whereas the cold Freon is only a little colder than the outside cold. Think in terms of relativity and energy transfer more than temperature transfer, which if that was the case, a/c’s would not work and nor would heat pumps.
...over explained, too much fast talk, left me confused and cold but then I am a thicko.
6:51 GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP
Thanks lot for the video.
Can you please tell what are the system parameters in case of a Air to Water Heat Pump?
I mean Evaporating Temperature, Condensation temperature for ambient conditions of 12 deg.C. What refrigerant to chose R134a or R410A? We need a hot water supply of 55 deg.C.
I've learned more on this channel than my entire 4 years of engineering school
Maybe find a better engineering school then?
@@ramr7051 maybe you pay for it then?
TH-cam should charge 1 dollar for every 500 views
3:20 - now I get it :) Thank you !
still difficult to me can you explain ?
I'm confused but this is amazing
Watch videos like this at 0.75 speed. I'm in an engineering field but the speed and pace of these videos can still get to ya. Albeit they are great nonetheless.
Also, it makes the narrator sound drunk, which I think is hilarious in the context of a video like this.
I want to become an AC technician, how do I get the knowledge? Can an autodidact become a technician?
How I wish TH-cam existed while I was as University.
Is there a way i can use waste heat from my bitcoin miners to both heat and cool my house by using a heat pump system?
Love this channel
Correct me if I'm wrong, but hydroflurocarbons were banned from fridges because they are 1000's of time more harmful to the ozone layer than carbon dioxide. So why are we now using this chemical in heat exchangers?
HFC refrigerants are not ozone depleting like the CFC and HCFC refrigerants they replaced. But they are potent greenhouse gases. They are now being phased out in favor of HFO and HC refrigerants.
If you have a boiler stick with it until your forced to change.
hi i am srroy for tiping foolinesh and i relly like your video for my wrok
Awesome Video. I’m a new HVAC Tech and I just bought a house with a Trane Heat Pump Air to Air
How has it worked for you? Do you find it efficient? How cold does it get where you live ? I'm in Western Kanada, it's forced air furnaces everywhere up here. Very inefficient.
Here in Sweden the Nibe F1255 and Mitsubishi Ecodan are getting more and more populair with outside temp -30C they still are efficient!! We install them every day.
Great vid by the way!👍🏻
great
I've been looking into changing my air conditioner to a heat pump unfortunately like everything else there is a major Mark up so airconditioning technician are not interested in upgrading old air conditioner unit's so they want to sell a new heat pump unit and make a large profit most air conditioning system have very little run time our unit may have 20 hours on it I've thought about trying to do the work myself I'd heard about the reversing valve but not the other two valves you show in your video I've also heard about using ground water for cooling and heating with a heat pump we have water 20 feet down so would love to use it to cut heating costs further I'm also looking at going solar electric I looked at heat pump water heater I thought maybe if I could use the hotwater to heat my house but even though some are pricey they are still affordable if I do the installation myself but non will run off buget friendly solar electric so they become unaffordable adding three grand to two grand is buget tight adding three grand to eight grand is unaffordable for most of so thank you for an excellent video
Seen our new video on HOW SOLAR PANELS WORK in detail th-cam.com/video/Yxt72aDjFgY/w-d-xo.html
I can't think Juston Trudiou could know how this works.
what the hell is low temperature slightly superheated?
Flop show, I'll stick to my gas combi boiler!
1:50 HEATING MODE
4:16 COOLING MODE
Te quiero mucho engineering mindset