just an error on the voltage slide I needs to be V and the last one - you have charging as oppose to discharging for 1 time constant. Your videos are really a great resource - thanks
I find it interesting to see how quickly the current sags as the cap discharges, down to 1/3 of peak current within one time constant. It is trendy to own a 'jumpstart' device to boost car batteries. My experience with those is the way they quickly lose their juice if the car doesn't start right away. Results are better for hybrids....
Something that fascinated me while watching this video.... what are the chances that even a mechanical process like the flow of electrons in a circuit and the storage of charge on a capacitor could have a relation through the Euler's constant, which is just a predefined mathematical constant, with seemingly nearly no relation to physics? Why is it that any exponential system follows this constant only? Nature works in weird ways, I tell you...
Why should a capacitor discharge? Imagine the capacitor with all its charges is kept inside a bag and tied at two open ends (open-circuit). The positive charges on one plate are attracted strongly to the electrons on the other plate, and the electric field is strong and uniform between the opposite charges on the plates. The opposite charges on either plate seem to hold each other tightly. The field is not so strong to cause the electrons to cross the gap and reunite with the positive charges. There is a fringe field at both ends ready to burst the bag, but the open circuit does not allow charge flow in the external circuit. The electric fields of surface charges which move onto the wires from both the plates and the fringe field will, during the initial transient when the wires are attached to the plates, combine to make the resultant electric field in the wires, zero. The fringe field is different from the field between the capacitor plates. When the charged capacitor is short-circuited using a wire, the effect is to open the tied ends of the bag and the charges are released. The fringe field causes the initial crucial release of charges for further flow of the charges….and development of surface charges that will enable the charges to flow around the wire, and neutralize each other. After all the charges on the plates are neutralized, the circuit attains a state of static equilibrium, a natural relaxed state of equilibrium and we say the capacitor is discharged. Electrostatics and circuits belong to one science not two. To learn how a capacitor charges and discharges and the origin and role of the fringe field in the circuit process it is instructive to understand Current, the conduction process and Voltage at the fundamental level as in the following two videos: i. th-cam.com/video/REsWdd76qxc/w-d-xo.html and ii. th-cam.com/video/8BQM_xw2Rfo/w-d-xo.html It is not possible in this post to discuss in more detail the formation of the fringe field when a capacitor is charged and discharged. The last frame References in video #1 lists textbooks 3 and 4 which discuss these topics in more detail using a unified approach and provide an intuitive understanding of discharging a capacitor with the help of sequential diagrams.
Great video! I just have a quick question. How would I calculate the capacitance needed if I want my total voltage fluctuation to be 1%? That is, to have my AC voltage behave very close to a DC voltage? Thank you!
Discharge of a capacitor occurs in steps -- discharge does not follow a smooth curve. Electricity on a wire, & charge in a capacitor, is due to electons -- electons are photons that hug the outside surface of the wire etc as they propagate at the speed of light -- if the Cu is insulated then that speed is about 2c/3.
I have subscribed to your channel for only a short moment, and fell in love with it... Beings that it cost me quite a bit for internet.... I am wondering if you guys/gals offer all of your content on any other formats, like PDF., WMA.,... and hopefully, DVD-R, CD-R.... as, I am almost thinking it would be cheaper for me to just buy a copy of all you educational videos, it would also help me learn it easier, if I need to pause for a moment to let it sink in or do the math... and not be worried about wasted time on the network... I live in the U.S.A. in Indiana.... but, that would allow me to use them with out needing the be connected to the net. As per the security of your content, you could do the watermark copyright stuff right on top of the entire length of the videos... If you don't offer these on other media formats, that is fine, I just really like how well these are set up and explained... This may sound sad, but, I studied Electronics and pneumatic's, hydraulic's, Machining courses, etc... but, the that was like 20 to 25 years ago... and the "use it or loose it" has really set in, yes, the basics are there, but lost all the know-how of the math, plus a few brain injury's didn't help... but, watching your videos really helps me to get back up to speed on my mission at hand. Maybe the idea of if you have a patron account that I can donate to it in trade for each video, of which would be a revenue stream, of course, all pending the cost..lol. It would be a great help to me. I will understand 100% if this is something you folks are not into doing, or are worried about the copies being reproduced. well, either way, Thank you for your efforts in making these videos to educate folks all over the world. I love the net, just costly where I live, due to only being one service provider, and they have us marked way up, where as less then one mile away, the cost is half of what I pay..lol, S.P. says that by next year, they will have their own lines running by our area ,and will at that time no longer need to lease stuff from other companies... I don't really understand the politics of when and why, things are set up the way they are ,rather, I only know what it cost me, if I want it..lol. Thank you, Drew
The capacitor discharge time constant 5 X R X C using resistor would waste the energy within the resistor and have large voltage drop loss, for the rest of the circuit, even though the current in series is still there farther down the line. A matching Inductor instead,for 1/2 Period of L + C frequency, about 15 cycles, for the same discharge time , say in Milliseconds, would require a large Henry type coil that is also very expensive, and have very small wire gauge which again causes large ohms resistance. (10Mfd at 200volts DC for required .030second discharge.)Maybe I need a 47Uf or 100Mfd capacitor instead. Cannot see it happening the right way. What about coil or resistor on the ground side RETURN LINE? What do you think?
shouldn't your last chart be "charging" percentages and not discharging. In the slides before that one, you said that 1TC discharge goes down to 36% but in this last chart, you have 1 RC at 63.2%.
I noticed that fred I'm wondering if the video is too old for him to see new comments... But i believe working it out the way he taught 1RC gives 36.9%
yes great but why these values? the cap isnt fully charged the curret isnt one thing or another, why do i need to know the time constant, does a single cap have a time constant, why dont we need to know this? more questions than aswers. argggggg i give up.....
No it won't. How about you test it in a real circuit before you make claims? How would DISCHARGING something raise the current? Where does the potential difference come from? DISCHARGING means neutralizing the capacitor which in turn reduces the voltage. No voltage = No Current.
Love from India. This video even after 8 years later is so useful.
Thank you so much and best wishes from Germany
3 years later and your videos are still relevant thank you sir
The laws of physics don't change
Thank you for explaining this thoroughly. Hate it when people through something at me without justification. Great video
The goal is to go over everything step by step...thanks for commenting.
just an error on the voltage slide I needs to be V and the last one - you have charging as oppose to discharging for 1 time constant. Your videos are really a great resource - thanks
Great video and explanation! Learn that concept in less than 10 mins ;)
Great to hear! Thanks for the comment.
Very good ! I'm doing a course now and this is more then what I'm getting ..
TH-cam can be helpful like that.
Your videos are great!! My profs recommend your videos. Thank you for making this!
Glad you like them! Thank for the comment and tell your profs that I said thanks.
Great tutorial, only the table at 8:07 has some incorrect numbers. At 1RC, Voltage and Current (% of max) should be 36.8% instead of 63,2%
6 videos in and i'm getting the hang of it
wonderful!
I find it interesting to see how quickly the current sags as the cap discharges, down to 1/3 of peak current within one time constant. It is trendy to own a 'jumpstart' device to boost car batteries. My experience with those is the way they quickly lose their juice if the car doesn't start right away. Results are better for hybrids....
Thank you Vince Vaughn
Gee, thanks!
At 8:32 in the table the %age is wrong. This could be copy and paste from Charging table. Excellent video.
Thanks
The video was extremely helpful. Thank you.
You are very welcome, thanks for taking the time to comment.
Thanks man, you helped teach me the formulas very well!
Great, the formulas can be a bit complicated but once you see how they relate to each other it get easier.
Great video. Really awsome. Thanks.
thank you so much! this video was really helpful to me
You're so welcome!
great tutoring thanks, I enjoyed your lessons.
Clear and concise. Thanks
That is my first goal...to be clear and concise...thanks for the comment.
Thank you for the clear explanation.
You are very welcome, thanks for the comment!
Great video
Thanks
on min 6:18 the equation is V(1RC) = Io(0.368), why put Io? instead of Vo thanks :)
sorry, but all the Io should be Vo
Really helps a lot sir
Great video! Subscribed!
Something that fascinated me while watching this video.... what are the chances that even a mechanical process like the flow of electrons in a circuit and the storage of charge on a capacitor could have a relation through the Euler's constant, which is just a predefined mathematical constant, with seemingly nearly no relation to physics?
Why is it that any exponential system follows this constant only?
Nature works in weird ways, I tell you...
That is an excellent question.
@@stepbystepscience What's your view on this Sir?
These really help alot
How to find , how much current does a capacitors produce when it is sorted .
At the end of the video with the overview table you list voltage and current at 1RC as 63.2%. I believe the correct figure would be 36.8%
Yea I was wondering about the same thing.
ha. I just asked about that. Glad other people noticed that.
I was about to ask the related question why 0.7τ have a smaller percentage than 1τ, but replacing 63.2 with 36.8 solves that problem. 😁👍
Why should a capacitor discharge? Imagine the capacitor with all its charges is kept inside a bag and tied at two open ends (open-circuit).
The positive charges on one plate are attracted strongly to the electrons on the other plate, and the electric field is strong and uniform between the opposite charges on the plates. The opposite charges on either plate seem to hold each other tightly. The field is
not so strong to cause the electrons to cross the gap and reunite with the positive charges.
There is a fringe field at both ends ready to burst the bag, but the open circuit does not allow charge flow in the external circuit. The electric fields of surface charges which move
onto the wires from both the plates and the fringe field will, during the initial transient when the wires are attached to the plates, combine to make the resultant electric field in the wires, zero. The fringe field is different from the field between the capacitor plates.
When the charged capacitor is short-circuited using a wire, the effect is to open the tied ends of the bag and the charges are released. The fringe field causes the initial crucial release of charges for further flow of the
charges….and development of surface charges that will enable the charges to flow around the wire, and neutralize each other. After all the charges on the plates are neutralized, the
circuit attains a state of static equilibrium, a natural relaxed state of equilibrium and we say the capacitor is discharged.
Electrostatics and circuits belong to one science not two. To learn how a capacitor charges and discharges and the origin and role of the fringe field in the circuit process it is instructive to understand Current, the conduction process and Voltage at the fundamental level as in the following two videos:
i. th-cam.com/video/REsWdd76qxc/w-d-xo.html and
ii. th-cam.com/video/8BQM_xw2Rfo/w-d-xo.html
It is not possible in this post to discuss in more detail the formation of the fringe field when a capacitor is charged and discharged.
The last frame References in video #1 lists textbooks 3 and 4 which discuss these topics in more detail using a unified approach and provide an intuitive understanding of discharging a capacitor with the help of sequential diagrams.
thank you!
Great video! I just have a quick question. How would I calculate the capacitance needed if I want my total voltage fluctuation to be 1%? That is, to have my AC voltage behave very close to a DC voltage? Thank you!
How do you calculate the Capacitance and Resistance given only potential difference(voltage) over time?
Discharge of a capacitor occurs in steps -- discharge does not follow a smooth curve.
Electricity on a wire, & charge in a capacitor, is due to electons -- electons are photons that hug the outside surface of the wire etc as they propagate at the speed of light -- if the Cu is insulated then that speed is about 2c/3.
I have subscribed to your channel for only a short moment, and fell in love with it... Beings that it cost me quite a bit for internet.... I am wondering if you guys/gals offer all of your content on any other formats, like PDF., WMA.,... and hopefully, DVD-R, CD-R.... as, I am almost thinking it would be cheaper for me to just buy a copy of all you educational videos, it would also help me learn it easier, if I need to pause for a moment to let it sink in or do the math... and not be worried about wasted time on the network... I live in the U.S.A. in Indiana.... but, that would allow me to use them with out needing the be connected to the net. As per the security of your content, you could do the watermark copyright stuff right on top of the entire length of the videos... If you don't offer these on other media formats, that is fine, I just really like how well these are set up and explained... This may sound sad, but, I studied Electronics and pneumatic's, hydraulic's, Machining courses, etc... but, the that was like 20 to 25 years ago... and the "use it or loose it" has really set in, yes, the basics are there, but lost all the know-how of the math, plus a few brain injury's didn't help... but, watching your videos really helps me to get back up to speed on my mission at hand. Maybe the idea of if you have a patron account that I can donate to it in trade for each video, of which would be a revenue stream, of course, all pending the cost..lol. It would be a great help to me. I will understand 100% if this is something you folks are not into doing, or are worried about the copies being reproduced. well, either way, Thank you for your efforts in making these videos to educate folks all over the world. I love the net, just costly where I live, due to only being one service provider, and they have us marked way up, where as less then one mile away, the cost is half of what I pay..lol, S.P. says that by next year, they will have their own lines running by our area ,and will at that time no longer need to lease stuff from other companies... I don't really understand the politics of when and why, things are set up the way they are ,rather, I only know what it cost me, if I want it..lol. Thank you, Drew
Sorry I am do not have any of the content available on CDs or DVDs. Great though that you are finding the videos helpful.
you could have save the cost of the internet by posting a letter to step-by-step science. 🌝
The capacitor discharge time constant 5 X R X C using resistor would waste the energy within the resistor and have large voltage drop loss, for the rest of the circuit, even though the current in series is still there farther down the line. A matching Inductor instead,for 1/2 Period of L + C frequency, about 15 cycles, for the same discharge time , say in Milliseconds, would require a large Henry type coil that is also very expensive, and have very small wire gauge which again causes large ohms resistance. (10Mfd at 200volts DC for required .030second discharge.)Maybe I need a 47Uf or 100Mfd capacitor instead. Cannot see it happening the right way. What about coil or resistor on the ground side RETURN LINE? What do you think?
very interesting...
nice
thank u
Most welcome
that's nice education credit
Thanks for saying so.
e stands for the circuits input voltage right
e is a mathematical constant, 2.718 and on and on like pi. This this link for a simple explanation.
www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/e-eulers-number.html
Thanks
You are welcome!
shouldn't your last chart be "charging" percentages and not discharging. In the slides before that one, you said that 1TC discharge goes down to 36% but in this last chart, you have 1 RC at 63.2%.
I noticed that fred I'm wondering if the video is too old for him to see new comments... But i believe working it out the way he taught 1RC gives 36.9%
thank you sir :)
yes great but why these values? the cap isnt fully charged the curret isnt one thing or another, why do i need to know the time constant, does a single cap have a time constant, why dont we need to know this? more questions than aswers. argggggg i give up.....
How is 1 RC 63.2% but 0.7 RC is 49.7%? Shouldn't 1 RC be 36.8%?
You're the fucking man
Ok, thanks for the comment.
what would be I(not)
good video, but I find the speaking too fast!
4:40
Give me classes slaide like PDF..please
give me your email address and I will send them to you.
Too many errors... you should re-upload this after fixing the mistakes...
I never make a mistake......I think?!?!
lad
is that good or bad, but thanks for the comment either way.
@@stepbystepscience top dog
The current graph is wrong..it will exponential increase
No it won't. How about you test it in a real circuit before you make claims? How would DISCHARGING something raise the current? Where does the potential difference come from? DISCHARGING means neutralizing the capacitor which in turn reduces the voltage. No voltage = No Current.