Creating a Walkie-Talkie with generic 433MHz RF Modules?!
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 18 เม.ย. 2020
- PCB+SMT assembly, from $2: jlcpcb.com/?ref=greatscott
Previous video: • Make your own Portable...
Previous Walkie-Talkie video: • Make your own very cru...
Andreas Spiess video: • #279 How to debug Ardu...
Class D Audio Amplifier video: • DIY Class D Audio Ampl...
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Twitter: / greatscottlab
Support me for more videos: www.patreon.com/GreatScott?ty=h
More project information (schematic, pictures, code.....) on instructables: www.instructables.com/id/DIY-...
Parts list (incomplete, see Instructables for more, affiliate links):
Aliexpress:
2x 433MHz Transmitter: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_dZW...
2x 433MHz Receiver: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_dYg...
2x TLC555 IC: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_dTr...
2x MCP602 IC: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_dTv...
2x TC4428 IC: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_dUo...
1x Mic: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_dSP...
1x 250k Trimmer: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_dTF...
Resistors: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_dTP...
Capacitors: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_dU4...
s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_d7d...
2x Micro USB Breakout PCB: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_dWa...
2x 1500uH Inductor: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_d73...
2x Speaker: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_d7x...
In this project I will show you how to use generic 433MHz RF modules from Ebay in order to create a functional Walkie-Talkie. That means we will compare different RF Modules, learn a bit about a class d amplifier and finally build the Walkie-Talkie. It can be powered by a normal powerbank for around 130 hours and features a range of around 15m. Let's get started!
Thanks to JLCPCB for sponsoring this video
Visit jlcpcb.com to get professional PCBs for low prices
Music:
2011 Lookalike by Bartlebeats - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
The "and I will see you next time" has been slowly getting more and more enthusiastic over the years... Lol
Eventyally he is going to explode
@@markusfpv1349 let's hope that's a long time away
Rusty Mustard It is... a common way to say goodbye
@@rustymustard7798 Occams razor my dude
i wilL SEE _YOU_ *_ALL_* *_N̸͍͕̍͐́̎̒͑E̶̖͕͎̝̣̻̯͇̦̠̩̯͓̼͇̿͌͌̄͆X̵̛̰̘͉̳̻͓͌̇͗͋͝Ṱ̷͚͈̂̄̄͌̇̈͋̅̓̔̍̓͌̂͘ ̷̛̖̌̉̾̌͗͌̀͆̍̐̌̕T̵̤̫͓̯̔̒̾̒̈́̀̓̉̾̚̕I̶̢̧̗̹̜͓͉̯͙͐͂́̿̂͠M̶͈͎͈̱͔͈̬͎͋͒͛͒̑̉̈̚͠͠͠È̶̠̳̾̄͌̒̋̏̿̉̕̕_*
Greatscott!: _"as you can hear, it still sounds acceptable"_ 8:17
The speaker: *demonic sounds*
@FQD2N never knew a MOSFET could post a comment
Not the first one I've seen, @@not-pyroman. If you're been around for a while, you'll recognize a user with IRFZ44 username. That guy used to be popular in some videos. Don't see it anymore though, wondering what happened.
@@Asu01 too much current, he blew up
@@Asu01 i think I've seen that one once or twice
Edit: ice to I've. Fucking autocorrect
Bluey!
What i know that when you want to transmit an analog signal via a digtal transmmiter the first step is sampling the analog signal , and there is a condition to consider which is the sampling frequency must be as twice as the maximum frequency of analog signal , therefore if you picked a sampling frequency then you must make sure that the maximum frequency in the analog signal is half the sampling frequency, otherwise every frequency which higher than half the sampling frequency will be picked as noise.
Sorry for long comment.
I absolutely agree.
Nyquist frequency!
When the frequency of the signal is higher than half of sampling frequency it not generate noise, its aliasing wich is worst. And nyquist criteria of double of max frequency of the signal is just valid theoricaly for infinite signals. If you want good audio quality it just need to be at least 10 times.
Yes i agree, it named the Shannon-Hartley theorem for whom wants to elaborate.
Absolutely agreed. But for crying out loud this noisy approach as good as it may work for a D power amp seems pretty useless in this application. Wouldn't it be orders of magnitude easier and better to use good old FM. .. (in an analogue way of course)
Question, the module was able to send audio range analog signals. Why not directly send analog through? modulating the analog to digital would require a much larger bandwidth.
Because it can't. 3:04
It would be nice if he tries to do this again but all analog, using a FM radio receiver and transmitter.
hi electroboom
Hey electroboom, big fan!
If transmitter works with high and low threshold levels trying to send any analog signal this will be distorted to squarewave.
I'm still in hope of seeing you making one RF transmitter from scratch.
8:34 I take it that you're not hearing the painful high pitched sound during the mike test... Oww, my ears
Honestly, even though he's from Germany, his English sounds better then most of the people in Holland (like me😁). It's clear, I can understand it, and he talks slow!! Great Job Scott!!! Keep up the good work!
I've noticed something, most people that don't have English as their first language speak it better than quite a lot of native speakers that I know (including myself)
I am intermediate english student, i dont understand native english speakers, because they talk to fast, but i clearly understand great scott
I'm not English nor German but i still can understand him while he speaks English or German. He can speak both fluently and clear
@@KingJellyfishII I come from China,My English listening is too bad,in order to know the content of video,I must see English subtitles,Unfortunately there are only German subtitle options,I wonder why app provides Germany options when I know that host is speaking English. I go on listening and find the pronunciation of host like German.😄
@@bofeng2700 The host is German, so he likely provided German subtitles for his local viewers.
Have been following your channel since long & have learned a lot.
Always heard your voice but really pleased to see your face, great work man keep it up :)
I like how much enthusiasm you put on your videos, keep up the good work! :)
Great job, there's always room for improvement and i love that you're always trying to better your designs. keep up the good work.
That moment when Great Scott posts and you get to it 30 seconds later...
Awesome!
Great video Scott! Great to see your troubleshooting process even if results not amazing
I'm very impressed JLCpcb is still operating now. I bought 4 boards yesterday.
Got to say that's pretty impressive for such cheap device! Thanks for sharing the idea! Stay safe!
Best electronics & mad science channel ever!!!!! Keep coming amazing stuff Great Scott 👏👏👏
hey Scott! Been following you for a while and I have to say that seeing you in the videos definitely make them more interesting! Keep it up!
your videos are always outstanding Great Scott
Hey...finally "let's get started" has his face out of hidden. Great Scott!!! Your projects are awesome!!
i loved the old intro format too, but i love the new one too! you look good on camera
Your videos are very enjoyable. Thank you.
One of my favorite channels .... wow, great work, allways surprise me
Great project! Thanks for a very informational video :)
I have read a bit through the comments. One person already suggested to use these moduls in their "analouge" mode. The transmitter is simmilar to one of these TTL oscillators. You simply can bridge the data pin to "+" from your supply, and series modulate it with a PNP or NPN Transistor. This will give you AM with FM. The FM Part is just narrowband FM, but on a selective receiver you´d need to use slope detection, but these receivers usually are "Super regenerative receiver(s)"
I´m mainly talking about the green circuit boards (the ones completely on the left side in your frequency test, that just could take 5KHz).
On the receiver there´s a two stage super regenerative receiver. One transistor works as RF preamplifier, to get the RF noise away from the antenna, whilst the other one is the actual receiver. On your modules, at least the RF preamp transistor is mounted - the modules I have, the receiver misses the transistor (probably were lower price due to this fact got them as a gift)
On the receiver board, the output from the super regenerative receiver goes to a lowpass filter hence it´s quench frequency (thats why you only can transmitt up to like 5KHz). The 8 pin SMD Chip - LM 358 - only forms the sine wave into a square wave.
You can "tap off" the signal from the receiver before the LM358 chip, and so you can make complete analouge audio transmission. All you need is a modulator + microphone amplifier on the transmitter side... and a small audio amplifier on the receiver side with "tapped in" audio pickup before the LM358.
Practically
- To get the transmitter to transmitt AM -
Bridge "Data" to "+ UB" and take a standard NPN Transistor. Use double supply voltage, and tap the transistor between
"-" of your transmitt module and ground. Now use a 1M Potentiometer, and a Multimeter. Connect the 1M Potentiometer between base and collector, and have it adjusted to "1M" at the start. Now decrease it´s value,
untill you reach about the half supply voltage on the module.
Via a 100nF capacitor and let´s say a 3,3k resistor (random values) you can now put Audio on base of the transmitter.
The audio would already be received from the receiver, but it would be extremly distorted because the LM358 converts the sine wave signal from the regenerative receiver to a square wave signal.
Take an amplified speaker, hook one pin up to ground from the receiver module (while the transmitter is on, try with a low volume level on your phone with my suggested values) and use a let´s say 10k + 10...100nF (whatever is in the parts box) between "audio in" from your speaker and the connectors around the LM358 - one connection will be "audio out" from the receiver. If you find it, you will hear your music over the speaker.
Later if you want to use that "concept" you might need to add a lowpass filter between your receiver module and an audio amplifier Chip, because some remains from the receiver´s quench frequency might be left, and block / inteffer with the audio chip (very quiet, could start motor boating if connected to the same battery).
For the transmitter you don´t need to use the full voltage. If you lower the voltage the "AM percentage" will increase, whilst the FM percentage will decrease, but "good" AM will cost a lot of TX power (like going down from 10 to 0,5mW)
Anyhow, since the receiver is a wideband super regenerative type, it won´t care about "that bit" narrowband FM, but
if you´d receive this on a more "proper" receiver, that has AM option, you´d need to use slope detection for it.
I´m talking about the green modules ... some other modules might use a more "fancy" "Superhet" receiver.
Regarding the 1M potentiometer... maybe a 250k might also work... I don´t know how these transmitters react
to overvoltage. TTL modules "can take some" but I´m sure it´s not good for them.
I´d appreciate it if you´d give this a try, but since my comment is just one of many... I´m not really expecting much
awesome idea and implementation! thx for the vid!
Great video, lot's of useful information for us "beginners." Keep up the good work!!
you are really amazing i love how you explain each detail
i'm student and this video helped me alot with my project 🤩🤩
Man, I do not recall seing your face before. Is like a new age for Scott channel. Good to you, brother. Keep the excel videos.
Really good work and fun watching.
Great work as always ,, Great Scott..!!
Great video, keep up this good work!
"You can hear that the music transmission was also successful" 7:45 I only hear beeping.
Nobody will ever accuse him of being an audiophile. I can get at least 800 feet of very high fidelity audio by modulating my bench signal generator.
Most electronics engineers consider waveforms as music ^^
A good basis to start from. Thanks for this.
Love your videos dude. Keep it up!
I don’t suprise anymore. I was sure about walkie talkie and you have done with it! Thanks for the video.
Great video. Seeing the failings and shortcomings prompts discussion and encourages people to get involved. I don't know how to fix the circuit, my first step would be to straighten the antennas, but other than that I wouldn't know.
Thanks, Scott. It's inspired me to making wireless subwoofer. I don't need very high bandwidth rf module because my sub only need maximum 500hz.
I was remembering my master's time by watching your video. Anyway, Gr8 video and I am going to recommend your channel to our students. 🙏🙏
You can transmit and recive analog signal (using the first pair TX/TX boards) if you bypass the comparator on the receiver, the 8 pin chip normally is a lm328 amplifier configurate in one half amplifier and the other half like comparator, this last one is what you need to bypass to get an audio signal
This was very thought provoking
Not great, not terrible
that's what they said in Chernobyl when the radiation was 3.6 röntgen ( bud was 15000)
It was "Not great, not terrible" if I recall correctly.
@@kvlpnd
you're right
But then again, Chernobyl is a "tourist attraction". I have doubts this 433 walkie talkie will be a tourist attraction.
You are FANTASTIC....
Best regards from Portugal
From what I know, you should use the high frequncy TX signal as a carrier. Insert audio into it.
In the RX section, you must separate the carrier signal from the audio, then amplify the audio.
Just like FM TX or AM TX. On FM TX, you affect the carrier frequency range. In AM TX you affect the carrier amplitude.
I learned a lot from this channel
I like the way you doing the show ☺️
Great video nice tests!
i will be very thankful to you for helping me on my humble request
Hey your arduino walkie talkie worked . I tried andreas spiess solution, placed a potentiometer instead of resistor. After few tries, it worked like a charm, covered distance of probably 100 meters
I love this video. I didn’t know you could generate a PWM signal via a triangular wave
Few recommendations for improvements: try to use decoupling cap between pin 2 of the comp and pin 6 of the 555. Also you may use voltage divider and adjustable POT resistor to vary the level of the output from audio circuit - shift up and down. This may produce better PWM that improve on audio fidelity. Also you may use very weak pull down resistor on the Data in of the XMTR, if it is floating from the XMTR board module. If the XMTR board allows powering from higher voltage then you may try it for longer range, tinkering with the antenna and its impedance also may boost the communication range. Apparently the XMTR-RCVR pair modules are not designed to deal with those kinds of so called PWM wave forms, thus a conditioning circuits maybe needed as I described above. In Radio circuits, it is vital to insure impedance matching on input / output ports for both XMTR and RCVR circuits, not only on RF circuit (here you can not do anything about it, unless you tinker on the module board) but also the audio circuit.
You are great you inspires people .
This is so great oh my god. I was literally just thinking of what to do with these. I bought quite a few of them thinking wireless would be usefull.
Finally! 'been waiting for this video for so long. I am always to lazy, to order the stuff i develop, so i firstly watch other people doing it :_D
Great videos by the way!
Thanks :-)
Apparently as your intro starts my mind subconsciously starts the JLC PCB promotion 🤣🤣🤣
Very good tutorial !
Very good project
Would love to see an episode dedicated to tube amplifiers. Trying to make one myself (I've found some old soviet 6n3p-ev tubes) and can't get my head around calculating the cathode and anode resistors.
Great video, thanks! I've a question I think you did not cover, maybe I missed something. But in the final product, it seems like you've got bidirectional communication between the walkies; how do you manage that aspect? Since the transmission is raw data, isn't there any feedback?
Here's something else to consider:
The reason you may want to bring an Arduino back into the mix is to use it to create a form of buffer. The idea is that if you buffer the signal, even for say 100 transmissions, you can use that to avoid choppiness. Of course, the transmission would need to be slightly higher than the buffer size so it can catch up, which in turn in a poor man method, results in some dropout of single packets, but that would be my basic, noncomplicated approach.
Now that's a great episode we wanted....
I definitely learnt something new
Fun stuff, thanks!
While studying electronics and communications engineering, they teach us that we only use a bandwidth of 4 Khz when it comes to voice/speech transmission so technically the first tx rx pair is actually decent enough for use in a walkie talkie! That 4 Khz even includes the guard band which results in a useable spectrum from 300 to 3400 Hz.
I've just builded my own automatic greenhouse based on the Arduino with Solarpower, Sensors, Waterpump and vetilation a few years ago.
The only missing Thing in my Setup is the LoRa-Wan that i now had to have 😉.
Great Scott 👍😁
7:16
You killed my ears :'(
8:35 killed mine :D
GreatScott, Andreas "The Guy With The Swiss Accent" Spiess and Marco Reps are high in the top 10 of my favorite youtubers :)
Excellent video keep it up
GreatScott!! 👍👍💯
i remember the 1st video, you wanted it for riding your motorbikes with your friends.. i know you will come back to this one until you crack it because of why you want them.. cant wait to see you crack it.. : )
Great channel mate! Keep the great work up... Also hope you are safe during this nightmarish pandemic.
They survived two world wars, do you think this "made in china" low quality flu will make any harm to them?
@@joshtr4645 LOL
Hi! I've Been expecting you!
What do you think about sending the audio with packets? You start recording signal when i reaches threshould level. When audio level goes back to low - you compress signal in some way. Then send it as digital information. Yes there will be slight delay, but quality should be much better.
Looking good sir....
I like the new new presenting style with more talking to camera! Good video!
Well thank you
@@greatscottlab but please find a way to increece the audio quality
Hey GreatScott! How about an ultra accurate diy voltmeter/ammeter/ohmmeter?
Sir please help me
I made a 4 channel transmitter and receiver circuit using 433Mhz rf module with HT12E and HT12D ic. But when I provided both the reciver and transmitter circuit same voltage 5v then communication didn't work that is data was not received. But when I powered the transmitter circuit with low voltage than receiver circuit around 2.5 v then communication between the two worked and data is successfully received that is led on the receiver side turned on. Why is this happening?
if you want a decent range on those, you can get it by building yourself a dipole antenna to replace the monopole. I've even built a crude yagi antenna for use with modules like this, just with one guide element and one reflector element. there's some calculators around that can make it easier for people not so comfortable with antenna design to build their own antennas.
fortunately, these are relatively low frequencies, so you can be a bit sloppy with your antenna construction and still get decent results.
Hi Scott I really like your videos about electronics, I just started with this, which projects can you recommend the most to a beginner like me?
Was waiting for this video...love from india👍🏻
Id like to see some follow up videos from you going into more detail of these projects. I like seeing how I can make crude versions of things but why not buy a few commercial devices, take them apart and see how they do it and try to add some of the stuff to these? What if there were cheap chips available on eBay that would actually work better but didn't have a breakout board?
1:16 it looks like he is dead on the inside XD
Has the walki talki finally got to you or do you feel sad for the wasted PCB's
;)
@GreatScott! - instead of using a trim-pot variable resistor for your audio input, make a low pass R-C filter from the output of the 555 to ground, which will give you a DC level, at 50% of the triangle wave amplitude, use this voltage and connect to the lower end of a trim pot, connect the wiper to the op-amp input and connect the 'top' of the trim pot (which is now your volume control) to the audio source via a DC blocking capacitor. This arrangement will 'auto-level' so you always have 50% above and below.
Also, on your output amp (TC4423 I think?) add a DC blocking cap to the speaker, those gate drive IC's don't like static DC current and you'll overheat the top of the totem-pole.
Genial, muito bom
It is a very interesting video! And I am quite surpried by the short distance, considering that there are walkie-talkie that have multiple kilometres of range.
I would be interested in an explanatory video about why and maybe a comparison with other wireless modules such as those 2.4GHz receiver/transmitters that can carry video in real-time for drones, for instance :)
thes transmitter modules actually can transmit audio, the data pin on the receiver has a comparator. therefore for digital signals, on the 7th pin on the chip if i remember right, theres the analog signal not passed through a comparator. just attach a wire to the pin.
I love your videos Man !!!!
See u next time !!!!
Can you use the same circuit to make a wireless remote ie transfer digital key presses? And how high would the latency be?
To get rid of the 5kHz frequency, perhaps a band pass filter can be used... You can cascade the LPF with the 41kHz cutoff freq with a high pass filter > 10kHz or so
I was thinking that a band-stop filter could probably do the job. At the very least, you could use a series LC circuit to short out the 5KHz signal, though you could probably do better with a Butterworth or Chebyshev filter.
Great project, quite remarkable what you have made with those modules, they have low transfer speed, didn't expect that they would handle audio.
Maybe a higher order filter could have helped with the high pitch noise, i had some problems with pwm filtering, and the difference between a 1º and 2º order is quite big specially if your cutoff frequency is little far from the actual carrier wave.
can't wait to see the next installment to this. can he get more distance out of it?
Sir I don't understand what you explain but it looks great thanks
hey Scott, do you recommend the rigol ds1102E oscilloscope for a first scope?
wow that great is there one of these I could buy to play music through my walk talke like miles away
Im really happy to see your face
Hi Great Scott, can you create a series of videos to teach us about Analog components and Circuits with practical projects like this ?
8:17 OOOUUUUCH!!! What is that SUPER HIGH PITCH and HIGH VOLUME NOISE!
great video
Can't you use an OpAmp in a substract form to remover the unwanted fix frequency on the output? or the delay is too high?
The problem would be to line up the frequencies. If you don’t get it exactly right, you’d be adding instead. A low pass filter or band-stop filter would be better.
*my big takeaway from this project is that **_take me home_** is on your playlist :-P*
Please further develop this project it is really interesting.
Damn dis dude is smart dawg ngl
Gues who subbed
Stay creative 👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻
And I'll see youuuuuu next timeeeeee😎