Thanks to Athletic greens for sponsoring this video. Click the link to get a 1 year supply of immune-supporting Vitamin D3K2 & 5 travel packs FREE with your first purchase! - athleticgreens.com/brainfood
I drink AG1 while at work. I asked my boss if we can get a water cooler and put AG1 in it. At work we have 20+ big built men drinking about 15 litres of AG1 before midday.
I described this to my teacher. I told her at a low enough temperature the start of heat flow must come from the cold side. Glad I was finally vindicated.
At JPL's open house once I was able to "see" Liquid Helium... the same year they also had the Electron Tunneling microscope open and was able to "See" actual atoms! That day I felt like I'd seen the rock stars of science.
Whoever did proof-reading for this episode in regards to condensed matter physics did a great job. A lot of things are simplified for the audience, obviously, but without being wrong or misleading. That's, sadly, not something you get very often with pop-sci explanations of anything involving quantum mechanics. I'm sure keeping this episode brief, factual, and easy to follow took a lot of editing work. Kudos!
@@SmittenKitten. I think, best I can do is show that a deity of any finite description is not strictly disprovable within Quantum Mechanics. Which sounds like a big deal, but for a theory in which it's not strictly wrong to say that I'm currently on the Moon, it's surprisingly little.
My one exception is the definition of entropy. Entropy states that closed systems *tend toward* disorder. They don't always lead to disorder. Otherwise, the info is pretty well spot-on.
1:22: 🔬 Helium is a unique and difficult to liquefy element with fascinating properties, including behaving like no other liquid on Earth when cooled to low temperatures. 4:26: 🧊 Liquid Helium II exhibits mind-bending properties, including a million-fold increase in thermal conductivity and the ability to flow through small pores without viscosity. 7:03: 🧊 Helium II exhibits contradictory behavior, defying the laws of thermodynamics and displaying both zero and finite viscosity. 9:41: 🧪 Helium II, also known as superfluid helium, behaves differently from regular matter due to quantum mechanics. 12:48: 🧪 Helium II, a superfluid, has the potential to revolutionize electrical engineering and other technologies. Recap by Tammy AI
The serious side of Simon continues to impress and inspire. Well done, team, for producing such a great condensate of the matter and to Simon for reading it at that speed and still making sense!
I had a science book when I was a kid that talked about helium's superfluidity. I have no idea how many hundreds of times I read that section, but it was so counterintuitive and I wanted to see it. That book was from the early 1960s, and we've learned a lot since then, so it's really great to have this update.
VERY well written. One of the most concise explanations - yet expansively detailed in permutations. Some errors, yet still conveys understanding, increases awareness, and encourages exploration.
@@danceman51trendscape @asylumental There were a few errors that suggest no fact checking was done by someone with a physics/chemistry background. These are a few of them explained: 2:44 Discusses the Van Der Waals force but uses a stock image of H2O, which is covalently bonded 3:00 The video discusses liquid helium and then immediately mentions 'solidifying helium' at 25 atmospheres of pressure. This is correct for solid helium, but liquid helium and helium-2 (including the images shown in the video not least of which include a scientist standing next to an open beaker of it) is completely feasible at room pressure (1 atmosphere) 4:36 The units of specific heat given are incorrect, they should be ~1 kilocalorie per gram degree. 8:27 The Second Law of Thermodynamics. This is used in reference to the 'fountain effect' which is still an area of debate and thus is complicated and ill-understood. But the main inaccuracy here is that there must always be a NET change in energy/entropy from the more energetic to less energetic state (therefore some energy can flow the 'wrong way' so long as the NET change in the system follows the Second Law). Quantum physics (and the fountain effect) requires this distinction for many reasons. 12:22 "A spin 1-2 particle" doesn't make sense in physics, he means to say "A spin 1/2 (half) particle" i.e. a particle with a spin of 1 over 2 such as helium-3.
@@asylumental There were a few errors that suggest no fact checking was done by someone with a physics/chemistry background. These are a few of them explained: 2:44 Discusses the Van Der Waals force but uses a stock image of H2O, which is covalently bonded 3:00 The video discusses liquid helium and then immediately mentions 'solidifying helium' at 25 atmospheres of pressure. This is correct for solid helium, but liquid helium and helium-2 (including the images shown in the video not least of which include a scientist standing next to an open beaker of it) is completely feasible at room pressure (1 atmosphere) 4:36 The units of specific heat given are incorrect, they should be ~1 kilocalorie per gram degree. 8:27 The Second Law of Thermodynamics. This is used in reference to the 'fountain effect' which is still an area of debate and thus is complicated and ill-understood. But the main inaccuracy here is that there must always be a NET change in energy/entropy from the more energetic to less energetic state (therefore some energy can flow the 'wrong way' so long as the NET change in the system follows the Second Law). Quantum physics (and the fountain effect) requires this distinction for many reasons. 12:22 "A spin 1-2 particle" doesn't make sense in physics, he means to say "A spin 1/2 (half) particle" i.e. a particle with a spin of 1 over 2 such as helium-3.
Awesome video! Superfluidity is a super complicated subject with a lot of quantum nuance. However, there are some people asking about inaccuracies so I've tried to explain a few below: 2:44 Discusses the Van Der Waals force but uses a stock image of H2O, which is covalently bonded 3:00 The video discusses liquid helium and then immediately mentions 'solidifying helium' at 25 atmospheres of pressure. This is correct for solid helium, but liquid helium and helium-2 (including the images shown in the video not least of which include a scientist standing next to an open beaker of it) is completely feasible at room pressure (1 atmosphere) 4:36 The units of specific heat given are incorrect, they should be kilocalorie per gram degree (though, colloquially, calorie and kilocalorie are interchangeable). 8:27 The Second Law of Thermodynamics. This is used in reference to the 'fountain effect' which is still an area of debate and thus is complicated and ill-understood. But the main inaccuracy here is that there must always be a NET change in energy/entropy from the more energetic to less energetic state (therefore some energy can flow the 'wrong way' so long as the NET change in the system follows the Second Law). Quantum physics (and the fountain effect) requires this distinction for many reasons e.g. Casimir Effect. 12:22 "A spin 1-2 particle" doesn't make sense in physics, he means to say "A spin 1/2 (half) particle" i.e. a particle with a spin of 1 over 2 such as helium-3.
@@zzord I bet the script says "spin 1/2" and he interpreted it linguistically and not as a mathematical fraction. Simon is a great presenter, but he freely admits he doesn't necessarily understand everything in these scripts!
@@Aeronor2001 Yeah, that's probably what happened. Not blaming Simon at all. The amount of videos he makes, it's impossible to be an expert in everything. 🙂
Calories shouldn't be used at all. The rest of the terms are SI, he should be using Joules. Mishmashing random units and SI just makes calculations unnecessarily complex and increases chances of error.
I'm sure everyone is extremely relieved you pointed out the errors and corrected Simon/ the writers so they can rewrite the script and record the video again.........🙄
One way you can tell that Simon didn't understand a single word of this script is that he read the quantum spin numbers of 1/2 (which should be "one half") as "one two".
I was watching a video earlier this month on the LK-99 room-temperature "superconductor" (spoiler: it isn't one), and was thoroughly perplexed as to what Cooper pairs were in the explanation. You single-handedly explained it better in less than a minute what a ten minute video could not.
Simon's awesome talent is he can give so much information in a short time, without you realising it. (only did after he had his break). Well done Simon.
No, he only left TopTenz, Biographics, and Geographics. Simon didn't own those channels, just hosted on them. There is a recent video on TopTenz explaining the situation.
@@pollypocket3508 it costs alot of money to run the Simon-ai model, those channels wernt performing as good so they stopped producing all 245 videos a day and only produce 240 now
Psst, the name of the Dewar flask is usually pronounced "joo-wer", emphasis on the first syllable (Americans may call it a "doo-wer" tho'). I worked with cryogens for 10 years as a lab tech and Helium was endlessly fascinating :)
Because its a french word maybe and not eveeything comes out of america. You know you bastardise the english language and every prounociation then have the audacity to think you right when in fact you are the only ones who say it like that. 😂 bit then again you wont listen yo this because hey americans re write their own narrative to suit them an look at the rest of the world like their idiots and strange yet the rest...yes tge rest of the world look at you in amazmement not becasue of being world leaders but in dumbfoundment that you have made it this far without imploding...for thaf i applaud you. Sorry went off on a rant there been a long day hahah
Back in the '80s "micro machines" had a spokesman who talked really fast about their little cars, busta rhymes too! I love your enunciation also very clear crisp and defined Thank you sir!
Helium isn't necessarily dwindling. It's created all the time due to alpha decay. The weird part about Helium is that it operates as both a boson and fermion. It's the only particle to do so.
Always been fascinated by superfluid helium, super glad to see Simon doing a segment on it! Wish I knew what both of the experimental video references was though
Great video! As other noted it’s concise, accessible, and accurate - hard to do with such a technical topic. A video on all the applications of regular helium would be fun! Including the fact that too much Helium in natural gas prevents it from burning.
Well, if you think helium is weird, then you should cover neutron star material. There are many "weird" things out there. Boise-Einstein condensate is interesting too.
Definitely, but L. He you can watch in a lab. I don't think anything else competes with it without being either deep inside distant dead stars or being so small as only being observable via indirect measurements.
This video was a great explanation of a complex concept that did not dumb it down too much nor talk in such complex technobabble that it made my mind mush - very well done! Thank you!
This is the coolest video Ive watched in month's! ever since i watched Allan Adams introduction to quantum super position Ive been simply obsessed with every aspect of quantum mechanics and this is the first video in a long time that has my brain obsessed!
He probably recorded this months ago and, in Simon’s own words, he forgets the sentences as he is reading them. So, he probably doesn’t understand much of it.
extensively mentioned in classic science fiction! my first exposure to the idea was reading about seeing a "creature"? climb up the wall of a planet crater... and the debate among scientists whether that was proof of life, or just super cooled helium
2:40 that's not the Van-der-Waals force. That's a dipole. Methane illustrates this force, not the water molecule. Next mistake: 12:20, it's called "spin one-half", not "spin one-two".
@@GemAppleTomthe molecule displayed is water. H2O. The static dipole moment is several orders of magnitude greater than any van-der-Waals field it may create. The vdWf is only relevant between atoms or molecules with a symmetric charge density, like hydrocarbons. Not H2O
@@craesh Ah, you were pointing out the illustration was of water which isn’t a great description of van der waal’s forces. (I didn’t notice that until you mentioned it). I thought your objection was that He doesn’t bond with van der waal’s forces. Oh well. No harm done.
Great job, Simon and team! I would love to see a video in the future about an alloy material that’s still in its experimental stage called Gamma Titanium Aluminide, I don’t know much about it other than it being tested in the aerospace industry as a possible replacement to nickle-based alloys.. any Engineers or Materials Specialists that might have some insight on this material?
Here we go again....the meissier effect is the expulsion of magnetic flux (field) from a superconducor. A perfect conductor (a theoretical construct) would levetate over a magnet. But a superconductor above it's transition temperature will sit on the magnet, but push itself off the magnet as it cools down. I've done many of the experiments mentioned in this video, and demonstrated the meissier effect with a high temp. superconductor by pouring liquid nitrogen over the magnet/s/c assembly to show it pushing off and levitating. I did this as many of my colleagues didn't get this specific point. I also have correct New Scientist magazine on this point.
Great video! Quite accurate a explanation for how simplified it had to be ad very well articulated. Superfluids are like scientific playgrounds for testing out theories, so I'd call that a practical application. Also, I can't help but wonder how much Simon understood of what he just read. lmao No offense or anything, he just definitely had that "in the eyes, out the mouth" vibe to him here. lol
We should probably wait for a bit more data on that one. But even if that doesn't pan out, high temperature superconductors that can operate at liquid helium temperatures do exist, and are still pretty interesting.
Ima have to watch this again later lol trying to work and watch this is breaking my brain I can’t pay attention, time to put on an AVGN playlist and come back to this on my break! Love the vids man!
Makes you wonder what animals they've dunked in it. Tom Scott frozen hamster is a great video to check out, I think it's actually called I promise this video is interesting" though.
@@blindbrad4719 I've watched that one. I got this fun fact from some issue of Scientific American. Not all trees, or even most, can do this either. iirc it was a few species of tree in... Asia? But for them, once they get past a certain temperature - nothing else changes past that point so theoretically they could be taken to 0 Kelvin, and then "returned to life." And it is all thanks to special proteins in their cells which prevent ice crystal formation but also lock all the cellular machinery in a suspended state without being damaged by the cold. Really interesting stuff, would be cool (ha) if we could put those proteins into people too.
I wish you had shown an example of the helium climbing up the sides of a beaker. I've seen it once in another video, but it is so weird I'd love to see it again.
I worked in engine oil and fuel development. Some oil additives are non newtonian fluids. They get thicker and expand with heat and when cooled go back to a loose liquid, they continue pouring after the vessel is stood up. You have to cut the liquid to stop it. There's some weird stuff in oil. We had one incident where the cooler tripped. The barrel warmed and the fluid expanded. It burst the top off the barrel and it self poured the entire contents of the barrel into the bund. Making it contaminated and unusable. I believe the barrel of additive cost about £3,000,000
The behavior of He² is a result of linearity and turbulence, also quantum mechanics is an axiom! I appreciate the knowledge and it keeps others thinking for themselves!
Unfortunately, calories are still widely used in some specific fields (of chemistry and physics). Sometimes it's easier to keep the old units for comparison, because all people reading the papers are assumed to know how to convert it. I hope it stops. It was always weird reading kcal/mol in chemistry calculations.
Brilliant writing I find things like quantum physics fascinating but it's very difficult to wrap your head around. This is an amazing explanation of the elemental building blocks that make up everything. How many wonders the universe still has to offer us.?
I really love your videos and commentary… I am German and a speak a pretty good English. It‘s sad that most of my friend are not able to follow or understand anything in your videos, because you speak so fast!
De WHAT!!??. Dewar, James Dewar, the inventor of the vacuum flask was from Perthshire Scotland and did not pronounce his name as DeWar. However, you will find him on Wikipedia and he deserves a whole programme on his achievements, he lectured at the Royal Society
There is a real, similar product called Soylent, and I think I once saw a green variety. :) Officially, it's named after the product in the book, not the film. In the book, most types of soylent are made from soy and lentils, hence the name. Still, the inventor must have known exactly what people would think when he named it! XD
2:45 quickly need to point this out: what you are showing here is not He but Water H2O snd the bonds you show forming are very strong classic chemical bonds - not weak VdW exchange interactions. This graphic slightly defies the purpose...
This explains why I got a lower grade in chemistry than I got in physics, while also explaining why I got a lower grade in physics than I got in chemistry.
One of my fears about getting an MRI is a quench scenario. All of the liquid helium flashes to a gas and fills the room. The pressure difference is enough to bind the exit door closed; the procedure for releasing the pressure is to have the radiologist break the observation window.
@@noggintube It can still bind the latch and prevent the mechanism from working. The extra friction against the doorjamb keeps the bolt from sliding. Thankfully, quenching is a rare enough occurrence to not require dedicated safety doors.
There is a lot of helium gas underground in the Texas panhandle, around Amarillo. I wish I could understand things like quantum mechanics and string theory, but my mathematical education stopped at calculus. I can handle practical math easily but I get lost with higher physics.
So I have always thought and heard from other videos that liquid helium is able to simply pass through most glass containers. Is that wrong, and likely that it’s just the pseudo-capillary effect of it going up and out of the sides? Someone pls lmk.
Yeah, I thought that was it's party piece too. Dripping through a 'sintered' material isn't impressive at all and wicking through fine powders does nothing for me either !
Weirdest substance, apart from Cameramanatum, the mysterious element that protects camerapeople and enables then to survive even catastrophic situations, such as a star going nova, etc.
The ag1 commercial, he barely takes a drink, looks like he's trying to not show it tastes terrible, then says "tastes amazing" while starting to look like he might throw up
I'd still be curious if superfluids have any interesting effect on the boundary layers of laminar flow, perhaps combined with electrostatic charges to keep it on certain surfaces. Because it might be one way to reduce or eliminate shockwave formation under the right conditions.
Thanks to Athletic greens for sponsoring this video. Click the link to get a 1 year supply of immune-supporting Vitamin D3K2 & 5 travel packs FREE with your first purchase! - athleticgreens.com/brainfood
Love your work
ag1.... " The Weirdest Substance Known to Science " this was SUCH comment bait putting the ad spot at the very start like that
I drink AG1 while at work. I asked my boss if we can get a water cooler and put AG1 in it. At work we have 20+ big built men drinking about 15 litres of AG1 before midday.
I would pay $50 for a drink shaker which, when shaking up my Athletic Greens, played a recording of Simon saying “Multivitamins”
I described this to my teacher. I told her at a low enough temperature the start of heat flow must come from the cold side. Glad I was finally vindicated.
I spent a minute and a half thinking that AG-1 food supplement was the most amazing substance. Then we got onto helium.
I spent an hour wondering why AG1 needs to have a D3K2 supplement..
Its not rare tho
Lets mine the sun
Were you stoned when you thought that? That might make sense 😂
@@Sniperboy5551I'm glad I was stoned when I read this.
At JPL's open house once I was able to "see" Liquid Helium... the same year they also had the Electron Tunneling microscope open and was able to "See" actual atoms! That day I felt like I'd seen the rock stars of science.
You saw atoms, don't trust them, they make up everything.
Sounds awesome! Lucky you!🍀
That does sound awesome
Are there other elements that can make a superfluid? Maybe another noble gas?
A superfluid is not the same as supercritical.@@ObamanableSnowman
Whoever did proof-reading for this episode in regards to condensed matter physics did a great job. A lot of things are simplified for the audience, obviously, but without being wrong or misleading. That's, sadly, not something you get very often with pop-sci explanations of anything involving quantum mechanics. I'm sure keeping this episode brief, factual, and easy to follow took a lot of editing work. Kudos!
But I learned that quantum physics proves the existence of God from pop-sci, so it can't be all bad, right??
@@SmittenKitten. I think, best I can do is show that a deity of any finite description is not strictly disprovable within Quantum Mechanics. Which sounds like a big deal, but for a theory in which it's not strictly wrong to say that I'm currently on the Moon, it's surprisingly little.
@@katherinek6166 Well, when you apply logic to anything... That just takes all the fun out of it! :D
My one exception is the definition of entropy. Entropy states that closed systems *tend toward* disorder. They don't always lead to disorder.
Otherwise, the info is pretty well spot-on.
Good take yo
1:22: 🔬 Helium is a unique and difficult to liquefy element with fascinating properties, including behaving like no other liquid on Earth when cooled to low temperatures.
4:26: 🧊 Liquid Helium II exhibits mind-bending properties, including a million-fold increase in thermal conductivity and the ability to flow through small pores without viscosity.
7:03: 🧊 Helium II exhibits contradictory behavior, defying the laws of thermodynamics and displaying both zero and finite viscosity.
9:41: 🧪 Helium II, also known as superfluid helium, behaves differently from regular matter due to quantum mechanics.
12:48: 🧪 Helium II, a superfluid, has the potential to revolutionize electrical engineering and other technologies.
Recap by Tammy AI
Beautiful! Thanks for saving my 1hr + time! love this tool Tammy AI ! where you download it?
The serious side of Simon continues to impress and inspire. Well done, team, for producing such a great condensate of the matter and to Simon for reading it at that speed and still making sense!
I had a science book when I was a kid that talked about helium's superfluidity. I have no idea how many hundreds of times I read that section, but it was so counterintuitive and I wanted to see it. That book was from the early 1960s, and we've learned a lot since then, so it's really great to have this update.
Science! Knowledge! Curiosity!
VERY well written. One of the most concise explanations - yet expansively detailed in permutations. Some errors, yet still conveys understanding, increases awareness, and encourages exploration.
What were the errors?
@@danceman51trendscapeyeah, can't just make accusations like that without then clarifying for those of us who'd like to know
@@danceman51trendscapeYeah, I'm also curious.
@@danceman51trendscape @asylumental There were a few errors that suggest no fact checking was done by someone with a physics/chemistry background. These are a few of them explained:
2:44 Discusses the Van Der Waals force but uses a stock image of H2O, which is covalently bonded
3:00 The video discusses liquid helium and then immediately mentions 'solidifying helium' at 25 atmospheres of pressure. This is correct for solid helium, but liquid helium and helium-2 (including the images shown in the video not least of which include a scientist standing next to an open beaker of it) is completely feasible at room pressure (1 atmosphere)
4:36 The units of specific heat given are incorrect, they should be ~1 kilocalorie per gram degree.
8:27 The Second Law of Thermodynamics. This is used in reference to the 'fountain effect' which is still an area of debate and thus is complicated and ill-understood. But the main inaccuracy here is that there must always be a NET change in energy/entropy from the more energetic to less energetic state (therefore some energy can flow the 'wrong way' so long as the NET change in the system follows the Second Law). Quantum physics (and the fountain effect) requires this distinction for many reasons.
12:22 "A spin 1-2 particle" doesn't make sense in physics, he means to say "A spin 1/2 (half) particle" i.e. a particle with a spin of 1 over 2 such as helium-3.
@@asylumental There were a few errors that suggest no fact checking was done by someone with a physics/chemistry background. These are a few of them explained:
2:44 Discusses the Van Der Waals force but uses a stock image of H2O, which is covalently bonded
3:00 The video discusses liquid helium and then immediately mentions 'solidifying helium' at 25 atmospheres of pressure. This is correct for solid helium, but liquid helium and helium-2 (including the images shown in the video not least of which include a scientist standing next to an open beaker of it) is completely feasible at room pressure (1 atmosphere)
4:36 The units of specific heat given are incorrect, they should be ~1 kilocalorie per gram degree.
8:27 The Second Law of Thermodynamics. This is used in reference to the 'fountain effect' which is still an area of debate and thus is complicated and ill-understood. But the main inaccuracy here is that there must always be a NET change in energy/entropy from the more energetic to less energetic state (therefore some energy can flow the 'wrong way' so long as the NET change in the system follows the Second Law). Quantum physics (and the fountain effect) requires this distinction for many reasons.
12:22 "A spin 1-2 particle" doesn't make sense in physics, he means to say "A spin 1/2 (half) particle" i.e. a particle with a spin of 1 over 2 such as helium-3.
As a physical chemist I can say that was a very good video. Great work Simon and team. Keep it up 👍
Awesome video! Superfluidity is a super complicated subject with a lot of quantum nuance. However, there are some people asking about inaccuracies so I've tried to explain a few below:
2:44 Discusses the Van Der Waals force but uses a stock image of H2O, which is covalently bonded
3:00 The video discusses liquid helium and then immediately mentions 'solidifying helium' at 25 atmospheres of pressure. This is correct for solid helium, but liquid helium and helium-2 (including the images shown in the video not least of which include a scientist standing next to an open beaker of it) is completely feasible at room pressure (1 atmosphere)
4:36 The units of specific heat given are incorrect, they should be kilocalorie per gram degree (though, colloquially, calorie and kilocalorie are interchangeable).
8:27 The Second Law of Thermodynamics. This is used in reference to the 'fountain effect' which is still an area of debate and thus is complicated and ill-understood. But the main inaccuracy here is that there must always be a NET change in energy/entropy from the more energetic to less energetic state (therefore some energy can flow the 'wrong way' so long as the NET change in the system follows the Second Law). Quantum physics (and the fountain effect) requires this distinction for many reasons e.g. Casimir Effect.
12:22 "A spin 1-2 particle" doesn't make sense in physics, he means to say "A spin 1/2 (half) particle" i.e. a particle with a spin of 1 over 2 such as helium-3.
Thanks for explaining "spin one two". I was a bit confused by that. My guess was that he means "half", but I wasn't sure.
@@zzord I bet the script says "spin 1/2" and he interpreted it linguistically and not as a mathematical fraction. Simon is a great presenter, but he freely admits he doesn't necessarily understand everything in these scripts!
@@Aeronor2001 Yeah, that's probably what happened. Not blaming Simon at all. The amount of videos he makes, it's impossible to be an expert in everything. 🙂
Calories shouldn't be used at all. The rest of the terms are SI, he should be using Joules. Mishmashing random units and SI just makes calculations unnecessarily complex and increases chances of error.
I'm sure everyone is extremely relieved you pointed out the errors and corrected Simon/ the writers so they can rewrite the script and record the video again.........🙄
One way you can tell that Simon didn't understand a single word of this script is that he read the quantum spin numbers of 1/2 (which should be "one half") as "one two".
Also when he slips a couple times and says "degrees kelvin"
@@dalepeters3841 Or that's what was in the script. A lot of non-scientists make that mistake.
I was watching a video earlier this month on the LK-99 room-temperature "superconductor" (spoiler: it isn't one), and was thoroughly perplexed as to what Cooper pairs were in the explanation. You single-handedly explained it better in less than a minute what a ten minute video could not.
Man, if content like this was available when I was an undergrad I would have chosen a different major. Thanks Simon and team!
To what, interpretive jazz studies or something?
Ah, nothing beats a fresh fact boy video
Sucks he doesn't do Biographics or Geographics anymore. The guy they picked is so far off from what Simon would do that it's unwatchable.
Agree with both of ya his best series
The 1:30 ad is a bit annoying though
I'm going to ping my atheists friend who keeps needling me in matters of religion and start demanding explanations from him now
10:37 could someone please tell me if that is PJ Gallagher? Please. Thank you.
Simon's awesome talent is he can give so much information in a short time, without you realising it. (only did after he had his break). Well done Simon.
Thank god, it's Simon Whistler. I was worried that other guy was replacing you lol. You're the David Attenborough of TH-cam.
No, he only left TopTenz, Biographics, and Geographics. Simon didn't own those channels, just hosted on them. There is a recent video on TopTenz explaining the situation.
@@pollypocket3508 it costs alot of money to run the Simon-ai model, those channels wernt performing as good so they stopped producing all 245 videos a day and only produce 240 now
@@frogzLOL😅
Daven is still a good host. Calm tf down.
@@frogz 😆😆
Psst, the name of the Dewar flask is usually pronounced "joo-wer", emphasis on the first syllable (Americans may call it a "doo-wer" tho'). I worked with cryogens for 10 years as a lab tech and Helium was endlessly fascinating :)
Why do youtubers who don't know how to pronounce something always default to French ?? lol !! De'war lol !
Because its a french word maybe and not eveeything comes out of america. You know you bastardise the english language and every prounociation then have the audacity to think you right when in fact you are the only ones who say it like that. 😂 bit then again you wont listen yo this because hey americans re write their own narrative to suit them an look at the rest of the world like their idiots and strange yet the rest...yes tge rest of the world look at you in amazmement not becasue of being world leaders but in dumbfoundment that you have made it this far without imploding...for thaf i applaud you. Sorry went off on a rant there been a long day hahah
This was a fantastic video and one of your most fascinating ever.
Back in the '80s "micro machines" had a spokesman who talked really fast about their little cars, busta rhymes too! I love your enunciation also very clear crisp and defined Thank you sir!
Helium isn't necessarily dwindling. It's created all the time due to alpha decay.
The weird part about Helium is that it operates as both a boson and fermion. It's the only particle to do so.
*Another* weird thing...
What _isn't_ weird about it?
hi :) can u tell me what means "alpha decay" ?
@@TallisKeetonit’s when a radioactive substance undergoes decay (splitting into smaller pieces) and one of those pieces happens to be helium 👍
@@llahneb10 ah, thanks :)
I read The Worst Substance Known to Science and AG1 would fit perfectly.
Always been fascinated by superfluid helium, super glad to see Simon doing a segment on it! Wish I knew what both of the experimental video references was though
This video turned my brain into a super fluid!
Great video! As other noted it’s concise, accessible, and accurate - hard to do with such a technical topic. A video on all the applications of regular helium would be fun! Including the fact that too much Helium in natural gas prevents it from burning.
Well, if you think helium is weird, then you should cover neutron star material. There are many "weird" things out there. Boise-Einstein condensate is interesting too.
Yay nuclear pasta!
The movie Spectral is all about that substance.
The way your post gets cut off at Boise, I was thinking Idaho, and was thinking “that person has definitely been to Boise to find it strange”😂😂😂
Definitely, but L. He you can watch in a lab. I don't think anything else competes with it without being either deep inside distant dead stars or being so small as only being observable via indirect measurements.
Is Helium2 not the same?
This video was a great explanation of a complex concept that did not dumb it down too much nor talk in such complex technobabble that it made my mind mush - very well done! Thank you!
This is the coolest video Ive watched in month's! ever since i watched Allan Adams introduction to quantum super position Ive been simply obsessed with every aspect of quantum mechanics and this is the first video in a long time that has my brain obsessed!
Thank you Simon and your team for helping me develop a Big Brain
Helluva presentation Simon. Damn nearly like a physicist spitting rap lyrics. Lot of information in short time.
Way over my understanding! Great job on reading quickly! Do you understand any of it?
He probably recorded this months ago and, in Simon’s own words, he forgets the sentences as he is reading them. So, he probably doesn’t understand much of it.
😅 Not the easiest…
1:27 to skip the Soylent Green pitch.
I legit thought AG1 was going to be the “weird” substance. Every time I see a TH-camr chug AG1, I swear I see them suppress a gag reflex.
Yeah don't look great.
That heat info was amazing! Heat travels at the speed of sound... Amazing video, thank you
Super interesting video!
Why the heck is the music the same volume as Simon’s voice?
extensively mentioned in classic science fiction! my first exposure to the idea was reading about seeing a "creature"? climb up the wall of a planet crater... and the debate among scientists whether that was proof of life, or just super cooled helium
And in this video Simon decided only to read the words and not actually listen to what he was saying 😂
This is the most awesome and nerdy video yet on TH-cam. I love it.
Love how you got the neon light that is busted being exceptionally lightened 😮 makes me smile 😊
Homer Simpson: "In this house we obey the laws of thermodynamics!"
I had to tap out of yet another one of your video due to obnoxious unnecessary background noises.
Yes, please for love of Gods of Nature and ones ears, drop the background noise by 12 dB at least! Best yet, get rid of it for good!
Cry baby. Get over yourself
Skill issue
Ordinary helium balloons appear to break the law of gravity, but if you look closely, actually they dont at all. Amazing.
Ah, Athletic Greens, the weirdest substance known to science.
My thoughts exactly.
Thanks!
I love this channel. i almost understood this video. would love another version of this video explaining this video. 😜
2:40 that's not the Van-der-Waals force. That's a dipole. Methane illustrates this force, not the water molecule.
Next mistake: 12:20, it's called "spin one-half", not "spin one-two".
It is Van der Waal. Specifically ‘London Dispersion Forces’ since He atoms aren’t polar.
@@GemAppleTomthe molecule displayed is water. H2O. The static dipole moment is several orders of magnitude greater than any van-der-Waals field it may create. The vdWf is only relevant between atoms or molecules with a symmetric charge density, like hydrocarbons. Not H2O
@@craesh Ah, you were pointing out the illustration was of water which isn’t a great description of van der waal’s forces. (I didn’t notice that until you mentioned it).
I thought your objection was that He doesn’t bond with van der waal’s forces. Oh well. No harm done.
It was one of the coolest videos I enjoyed and didn’t fully understand! Thanks! 😊
Great job, Simon and team! I would love to see a video in the future about an alloy material that’s still in its experimental stage called Gamma Titanium Aluminide, I don’t know much about it other than it being tested in the aerospace industry as a possible replacement to nickle-based alloys.. any Engineers or Materials Specialists that might have some insight on this material?
They made GTA metal lmao
Here we go again....the meissier effect is the expulsion of magnetic flux (field) from a superconducor. A perfect conductor (a theoretical construct) would levetate over a magnet. But a superconductor above it's transition temperature will sit on the magnet, but push itself off the magnet as it cools down. I've done many of the experiments mentioned in this video, and demonstrated the meissier effect with a high temp. superconductor by pouring liquid nitrogen over the magnet/s/c assembly to show it pushing off and levitating. I did this as many of my colleagues didn't get this specific point. I also have correct New Scientist magazine on this point.
Great video! Quite accurate a explanation for how simplified it had to be ad very well articulated. Superfluids are like scientific playgrounds for testing out theories, so I'd call that a practical application. Also, I can't help but wonder how much Simon understood of what he just read. lmao No offense or anything, he just definitely had that "in the eyes, out the mouth" vibe to him here. lol
Great content and presentation. 🇦🇺 😊
Please keep doing more science based content. This does a great job of explaining very complex chemical physics concepts and phenomena
Amazing script and presentation. I get the feeling that there will be a follow-up on room temperature super conductors 😉
We should probably wait for a bit more data on that one. But even if that doesn't pan out, high temperature superconductors that can operate at liquid helium temperatures do exist, and are still pretty interesting.
Ima have to watch this again later lol trying to work and watch this is breaking my brain I can’t pay attention, time to put on an AVGN playlist and come back to this on my break! Love the vids man!
Fun Fact: The coldest place in the whole universe?
In labs here on Earth.
@@GChr15 Humans have achieved 38 picoKelvin, that's 11 zeros... give or take one cause I'm bad at exponents :-P but its 3.8e-11
@@GChr15 And for reference the internet says that "0.00000006" = 60,000 picoKelvin
That we know of. There might be an alien civilisation that has achieved 30 picoKelvin.
@@Solinvicti ... You have me on that one.
Video starts at 1:27
Another Fun Fact:
Some trees can actually survive being frozen in liquid Helium!
Makes you wonder what animals they've dunked in it. Tom Scott frozen hamster is a great video to check out, I think it's actually called I promise this video is interesting" though.
@@blindbrad4719 I've watched that one. I got this fun fact from some issue of Scientific American. Not all trees, or even most, can do this either. iirc it was a few species of tree in... Asia? But for them, once they get past a certain temperature - nothing else changes past that point so theoretically they could be taken to 0 Kelvin, and then "returned to life." And it is all thanks to special proteins in their cells which prevent ice crystal formation but also lock all the cellular machinery in a suspended state without being damaged by the cold. Really interesting stuff, would be cool (ha) if we could put those proteins into people too.
This channel moves at a speed that was made for adhd and I love it
One of my favorite things is when Simon gets too on a roll and reads things like 1/2 as “one two” instead of “one half”
Ha ha ha ....Me too . Simon, TIMING is everything !
I wish you had shown an example of the helium climbing up the sides of a beaker. I've seen it once in another video, but it is so weird I'd love to see it again.
I want to use this to cool my next PC build.
Super element. 🤯
This beats any school science class. ♥️
Makes you wonder we could do with stuff like this. 🤔
GREAT VIDEO! OK, there is smoke coming out my ears, really. Blows my mind.
The Bose-Einstein condensate!!! Simon, you rock!!
Saw a flask experiment and superfluid state in our intro to modern physics class at university. Pretty memorable stuff.
This was very well articulated! Great work!
9:56 Pretty sure the valence electrons are spring gearing together. (Now I investigate fluid gears)
I worked in engine oil and fuel development.
Some oil additives are non newtonian fluids.
They get thicker and expand with heat and when cooled go back to a loose liquid, they continue pouring after the vessel is stood up. You have to cut the liquid to stop it.
There's some weird stuff in oil.
We had one incident where the cooler tripped. The barrel warmed and the fluid expanded.
It burst the top off the barrel and it self poured the entire contents of the barrel into the bund. Making it contaminated and unusable.
I believe the barrel of additive cost about £3,000,000
The behavior of He² is a result of linearity and turbulence, also quantum mechanics is an axiom! I appreciate the knowledge and it keeps others thinking for themselves!
Fascinating video! Many thanks, Simon.
One thought: How about using kilojoules instead of Calories? 😊
Unfortunately, calories are still widely used in some specific fields (of chemistry and physics). Sometimes it's easier to keep the old units for comparison, because all people reading the papers are assumed to know how to convert it. I hope it stops. It was always weird reading kcal/mol in chemistry calculations.
The sponsor being the first thing we see in this video, it made me think that Athletic Greens was "The Weirdest Substance Known to Scientists".
Fascinating! Never learned about that in High School chemistry
Brilliant writing I find things like quantum physics fascinating but it's very difficult to wrap your head around. This is an amazing explanation of the elemental building blocks that make up everything. How many wonders the universe still has to offer us.?
Heehee! You can take a deep breath now! Thanks for the interesting information! 👍😊🌷
I really love your videos and commentary… I am German and a speak a pretty good English. It‘s sad that most of my friend are not able to follow or understand anything in your videos, because you speak so fast!
What a start. "Weirdest substance known to science" "Today I'm here to talk to you about AG1!"
Good job, editor, very funny.
De WHAT!!??. Dewar, James Dewar, the inventor of the vacuum flask was from Perthshire Scotland and did not pronounce his name as DeWar. However, you will find him on Wikipedia and he deserves a whole programme on his achievements, he lectured at the Royal Society
Bravo Sir ! I just called him out on that too...he says it in French damn him !
Absolutely incredible!
Good call with the Tim & Eric ❤
Awesome show, great job!
When he's doing that AG1 advertising, I am always waiting for him to goof up and call it at least once "Soylent Green"... LOL
There is a real, similar product called Soylent, and I think I once saw a green variety. :) Officially, it's named after the product in the book, not the film. In the book, most types of soylent are made from soy and lentils, hence the name. Still, the inventor must have known exactly what people would think when he named it! XD
I must try this video again when I'm fully awake. If I cab understand it. I'll try the Higgs.
I did not expect to be reminded of electron spin and the Pauli Exclusion principle today.
At least you never said the cursed formula.
I guess I'm a nerd when I state I have seen the source video Simon talks about years ago 😂
Simon, you know your tech guys could make you sound like you just breathed some helium electronically.
2:45 quickly need to point this out: what you are showing here is not He but Water H2O snd the bonds you show forming are very strong classic chemical bonds - not weak VdW exchange interactions. This graphic slightly defies the purpose...
This explains why I got a lower grade in chemistry than I got in physics, while also explaining why I got a lower grade in physics than I got in chemistry.
One of my fears about getting an MRI is a quench scenario. All of the liquid helium flashes to a gas and fills the room. The pressure difference is enough to bind the exit door closed; the procedure for releasing the pressure is to have the radiologist break the observation window.
Well.....I didn't know that was a risk....that is also now a fear of mine ....
@@noggintube It can still bind the latch and prevent the mechanism from working. The extra friction against the doorjamb keeps the bolt from sliding.
Thankfully, quenching is a rare enough occurrence to not require dedicated safety doors.
There is a lot of helium gas underground in the Texas panhandle, around Amarillo.
I wish I could understand things like quantum mechanics and string theory, but my mathematical education stopped at calculus. I can handle practical math easily but I get lost with higher physics.
Great video as always.
So I have always thought and heard from other videos that liquid helium is able to simply pass through most glass containers. Is that wrong, and likely that it’s just the pseudo-capillary effect of it going up and out of the sides? Someone pls lmk.
Yeah, I thought that was it's party piece too. Dripping through a 'sintered' material isn't impressive at all and wicking through fine powders does nothing for me either !
It may change the course of civilization...... IF we don't completely deplete the planet of all of it before then...
Great video. I didn't understand a word of it.
I can't get past the way he says "vitamins" lol. The way he talks is more entertaining than the contents of the video itself.
Glad to see that Simon still hosts this channel
Weirdest substance, apart from Cameramanatum, the mysterious element that protects camerapeople and enables then to survive even catastrophic situations, such as a star going nova, etc.
Never watching this channel again
The ag1 commercial, he barely takes a drink, looks like he's trying to not show it tastes terrible, then says "tastes amazing" while starting to look like he might throw up
This super dupee fluid thingy is the same as bose-einstein condensate?
I'd still be curious if superfluids have any interesting effect on the boundary layers of laminar flow, perhaps combined with electrostatic charges to keep it on certain surfaces. Because it might be one way to reduce or eliminate shockwave formation under the right conditions.
Helium-2 is an extremely unstable isotope. Helium-3, and helium-4 are stable. Helium-4 is the isotope that can be a super fluid.