How could you forget the Portuguese World Maps, a secret well kept within the Casa da Índia (House of India) and guarded as to protect the crown interests, showing, perhaps, the most accurate depiction of land masses by the time. The Cantino Map, was a very large map in display at Casa da Índia for guidance on voyages and copies needed for navigation had to be permitted and issued by Casa Da Índia's itself. And we are talking of the 1500's.
Fr, these map makers are highly dedicated geniuses of their times, throughout all the obvious flaws in their designs it’s still amazing that they got anything even near the actual shape of the portrayed regions and continents just by stitching scraps of knowledge of these areas together
Damn, respect to Hecateus. He got the whole known world pretty much exactly. He got the shape of the Mediterranean (especially Italy) better than anyone for like 2000+ years after him. It's not his fault that they didn't know about far-off places, and putting an ocean in a circle around the known world instead of speculating about land shape is pretty forgivable given that Greeks were convinced the universe was geometrically perfect.
@@aggebojkalos6518 i mean it was one of the major civilization of that time. And that's saying a lot given the timeframe, as you can count on your hands the civilizations at that time
What I wonder is how these people governed countries without maps. Think about Rome, "We are the biggest state in the world! What does it look like? Idfk but it's pretty big!" EU4 feels like such a cheat now
Defined borders weren't really defined back in those days. Take the Roman Empire as an example. Wherever they managed to capture and seize a bit of land expanse, they would build temporary guard towers and forts and have guards man them until their battalion can advance to capture more land ahead then repeat. They had a "rolling" border that advanced (or sometimes retreated) depending on the battles that they would win on the front lines.
As a result, the regions nearer those "rolling" borders were very loosely governed compared to a well established region within the Roman Empire like the city of Rome. People in the "borderland" regions were perhaps just asked to make tax donations so guard fortifications and towers nearby could be maintained but they were less likely to be able to participate in politics such as voting unlike people in the city of Rome.
@@bee5120 Rome was among the states with the more defined borders too. Later in medieval times it was a complete mess with many villages even paying taxes to multiple people.
And yes, the Columbus - Indians story is true. Columbus thought the world was much smaller than other Europeans thought. Most of Europe knew the World was spherical and it's correct size had been estimated with quite good precision by ancient greeks in 350 BC. Columbus thought he could reach Asia by navigating west across the great ocean, which he thought was much smaller. He faced opposition because nobody would finance a trip across the CORRECTLY calculated size of the Atlantic+Pacific, which they thought was a single ocean. The crew would all die 1/3 of the way to Asia. COlumbus got LUCKY there was a continent 1/3 of the way to Asia.
Every map has a really (relatively) accurate center, and the details fall off exponentially the closer to the edge you get. It’s like “yeah, I know this place like the back of my hand, what’s that, I have to add this mythical land which may or may not exist, alright. This blob goes here, that there.
@@mickeythemaltipoo3756 It's always worth questioning what you hear. There's usually a more detailed explanation that goes something along of the lines of "well yes, but actually no". With just about every question you might have about the known world.
Owl Fam you must of misread Amies comment “Where be New Zealand, oh wait it’s still missed off most maps today” as in new zealand is cut off or not even included on most maps today has nothing to do with borders
I get it. Mind you @ 9:38 He has indeed circle the only part of NZ mapped buy Tasman. (The world map illustrated was nearly 100 years before Cook mapped the entire coastline)
Mostly portolans depicting colonies on the African coastline, that were gradually more accurate as the Portuguese went further in what we today know Angola and South Africa
@@charlesmcgill9652 Yes, you are correct, and at this time these maps were divided into small portions, for coping by young children, thus making for few persons who "knew the big picture. This was done to "preserve State security". Sound familiar?
The Maps all show the Australian Mainland attached to the Island State of Tasmania. It was George Bass that first sailed around the island state and thus the water between Tasmania and Victoria is called Bass Strait.
It was speculated by numerous sources that certain Greeks based their maps on much older maps that showed the entire world, including Antarctica in great detail. One resources is Charles Hapgood’s book, Maps of the ancient sea kings. It’s an interesting read if you like maps.
For Pomponius' map, the seas/lakes in Africa are most likely the salt lake Chott el Djerid, which was named after Triton in antiquity and Lake Chad. And the "strange inland sea in Arabia" is the Persian Gulf (Persicum mare), situated between Arabia (Arabia Eudaemon) and Persia (Persiae /Ariane - this seems to be Balochistan). The island could be Bahrain. The Indus and Ganges rivers are shown, but most of the subcontinent inbetween them is missing. Indochina and China are not known either, the map basically stops at Sogdiana in Central Asia. And there are fantastical islands in the Indian Ocean. It's obvious that only sparse information was available about that region. There are even maneaters (Antropophagi) marked in Siberia/Kazakhstan.
I love looking at what people thought the world looked like in the past! As a geography freak this is a topic i have allways NEEDED more info on! Thanks a million!
I learned back in middle school that centuries before Antarctica's discovery by James Cook, Europeans had developed a rumor about a mysterious southern land aptly named "Terra Australius Incognito" that would have had to exist on the bottom of the globe in order for the world to be balanced. Interestingly enough, they were right.
@@devonharris5936 thx for the answer. It seems to me like a "theory of convenience" they had made up. Since many of the older maps were detailed in their depiction of Antartica - and that's A under the ice! Did the video mention this? If so, then sorry it slipped my attention. Piri Reis map is one such map
@@devonharris5936 I second this answer. Initial drawings usually have it substantially larger than reality, so when European explorers started sailing around the south without finding anything the idea fell out of favour and it vanished from a lot of maps. This is also why Australia stole it's original name, since it was believed that there could be no landmass further south.
Before Antarctica was discovered, it was theorized to have a land mass there. In parts of the world known to be landless, the opposite side of the globe has land. The Arctic does not have land directly upon it, so there was expected to be a land mass at the opposite pole.
This was my first thought. It's more than 150 years older than Van Schagen's, which has no Antarctica at all and it shows not only a good representation of the Antarctic coastline but a surprisingly accurate mapping of it's sub-coast. I've thought to myself that the map had to have been a fake because of some of it's amazing accuracy but the consensus seems to be that it's real.
The story goes, that the King of France was bitterly disappointed at the resulting size of his kingdom, when he saw the results of the first survey of France, done by triangulation.
My uncle mentioned to me a map supposedly made by the Phonecians that appeared to include the Americas, but with China and the American Pacific coasts as being straight lines. Essentially, the Americas looked like a very long and oversized Kamchatka. It was surprisingly accurate, according to him, although I don't actually know if the map exists, he did draw a sketch of it, which I will share if anyone's interested.
You were right about the scale looking different in different areas of early maps. That's because they were made by putting together lots of small maps from different sources, and the navigators those days had no way of measuring distance other than saying "it's 3 days sail in this direction".
I visited the primary school I went to and I was really sad to see all the books, posters, games thrown away. For me it was like smelly interesting stuff, especially those books and toys😪
@@charlesmcgill9652 When I visited my primary school a few years back, having not been there for several decades, I was shocked to see they still had some of the things from my time there. Most notably, pencil sharpeners still fastened to the counters on the side, the same counters I used and a blackboard on the wall that still had a chunk of corner missing. It was like time travel in some ways.
8:40 some amplifying information. We use Mercator Projection charts for naval navigation because it takes into account the Earth's curvature and thus is more useful for dead reckoning (aka driving a straight line to your port of call).
The map you said "maybe has New Zealand" certainly does, as it has Abel Tasman's discoveries on it. He came close to circumnavigating Australia, but missed the east coast and found New Zealand instead. You can see the southern coast of Tasmania, the eastern coast of New Zealand's North Island and the western coast of Queensland's Cape York Peninsula. The east coast of Australia was not mapped until 1770 with James Cook, who also mapped the rest of New Zealand and several Polynesian island chains.
7:06 Actually that’s pretty true. Here in Latin America, Native Americans are popularly called as “Indios” (Indians in Spanish) And the reason for that was because Spaniards believed that they had arrived to India, so they called to their habitants as “Indios”. They had no idea they were treating with Native Americans. And the therms remains until nowadays
9:19 the name America was first used referring to South America, and later applied to North and South America combined So when you call your country with a borrowed name, remember America are all lands in the western hemisphere and be grateful with South America
In Spanish/Portuguese, sure, America refers to both North and South America. In English, however, we call them "The Americas" (plural), with a singular America/American being exclusively for the United States. Seeing as you're speaking English, you should be using the correct English forms.
You’re missing the cat and the lioness in that Greek map on minute 3. That is clearly a caricature of a map, it is not to be taken seriously. The human head and the ear is inside the lioness mouth, which a very fine art if you ask me, to come up with distorting proportions on a map in order to create art. More than 2000 years ago and they were more clever than some, whom are unable to get it!
You should check out this wikipedia page: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_world_maps It shows the maps shown in the video, and a lot of other really weird maps. One of my favorites is the Tabula Peutingeriana, which shows the road network of the Roman Empire.
6:53 Small correction. Columbus was under the impression he had landed in the eastmost part of the Indies (today known as the East Indies). Although it was found they had discovered an entirely different island chain, the region became known as the West Indies. More likely that is where the blanket term "Indian" came from.
you missed one of the most important milestone in maps history. Turkish cartographer Piri Reis map, the first world map that shows America with amazingly accuracy to real. it's from 1492
i like how back in the day greece thought that the entire european land had only mountains cuz we had a lot rivers and they thought rivers come from only mountains xd
Tbh, the maps drawn are really well done. If you gave me 5 years without satellites, to draw a map and dropping me off in a random place. I wouldn’t be able to do it like they did at all!
Geography was my favorite class in school. Still enjoy the old maps. I keep AAA busy as a member by ordering free maps when I may travel. USA baby boomer still with 'wonderlust' in my veins. ha..
Here is another distorted way of trying to change history. At the stage of the Portuguese discoveries that began with Infante D. Henrique, the navigator, the greatest cartographers and discoverers of the African coast and beyond were the Portuguese. His extraordinary maps were treasures that could not be shown to other peoples, so as not to get to know the Portuguese trade routes and the discovered lands. Many of these maps were stolen by other Europeans to get to know what the Portuguese had discovered. The author of this video has to learn History. A lot!!
Hey, nice video! :D But your interpretation of the Kangnido map is wrong. This map is incredibly more detailled than what you said. There is Japan: it's the big island in the south of Korea. India and indochina are merged with China. The big shape with the lake in the middle is meant to be Africa. Between Indo-China and Africa, it's the arabian peninsula. If you pay close attention to the left-corner, you can even see distorted shapes for current Spain, France and Italia. The Mediterranean sea is also represented but in a light yellow unlike the oceans.
@@sillonar He was aiming for Cipangu (Japan) the farthest east thing mentioned by Marco Polo. So when he set sail he was SAILING TOWARD Japan initially. Not toward India if that was his secondary goal. Sailing to Japan was his goal for the voyage. This is what his map looked like. Japan (Cipangu) is the giant island in the middle of the map: upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/MartinBehaim1492.jpg www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/07/27/national/history/what-if-columbus-had-reached-his-goal-japan/
@@than217 Japan wasn't his main goal or his point of trajectory. I'll give you this, Japan was a part of his route, but so was the rest of Asia. Which includes China and India. The purpose of this was to find a Western sea route to said countries as traveling Eastward was dangerous due to Muslim controlled routes to Asia. www.infoplease.com/history-and-government/us-history/voyages www.biography.com/explorer/christopher-columbus www.history.com/this-day-in-history/columbus-sets-sail Don't just send a link to an image from a Wiki article. Nowhere does it say that the map was used by Columbus. It's not even credible anywhere.
@@sillonar Very interesting that you ignored the second article I sent on that reply which was a news source... Hmmmm Here it is AGAIN since you ignored it the first time: www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/07/27/national/history/what-if-columbus-had-reached-his-goal-japan/
@@sillonar You should really read a book about Columbus sometime. You'll learn a lot. So here's the text from the book 'Admiral of the Ocean Sea' by Samuel Eliot Morison, page 268: "Nothing to do but keep the vessels clean, observe ship routine, watch for birds and flying fishes, and spend the gold you are going to pick up in Cipangu. The Admiral says here,” Page 308: "After inspecting the harbor the boats returned to the vessels at their anchorage in Long Bay, a row of some twenty miles going and coming; and in the early afternoon the fleet made sail for Cipangu." Page 315: "Somewhere in that direction must be Cipangu. So Columbus concluded his Journal for October 13, “I intend to go and see if I can find the Island of Japan.” All the rest of his First Voyage was, in fact, a search for gold and Cipangu" Page 383: "Columbus concluded that at last he was on the road to the fabulous Cipangu of the gold-roofed palaces." Full book text here archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.185258/2015.185258.Admiral-Of-The-Ocean-Sea-Voll-I_djvu.txt
This video would have been a more accurate reflection of cartography evolution if it would have included the Portuguese cartography of the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries. In fact the Portuguese were pioneers in the age of the discoveries and were the first to link the several continents. The Portuguese were master cartographers and spies from all over Europe tried to obtain Portuguese maps at that time.
I'm going to be that "actually guy," But actually, Christopher Columbus did not think he was in India. He Knew he was in a new continent. It was in his writing journal entrees to the crown.
@@bonusduckmann9997 of course but that's not the point people like to portray him as a ignorant fool who thought he was in India when in fact he knew he was in a new place.
Note, ptomoleys geographia has a listing of cities/places and their longitudes, and renaissance map makers picked said numbers and maid the map at 3:53. There arent any actual surviving maps from the greeks, romans or any people of the time except some very rare cases like the babylonian map
Isn’t it fascinating that we really didn’t know what our landmasses looked like until about 200 years ago. I wish there was still some mystery left in the world.
Probably the older maps recorded things the way they were back then. ( heads up, the world hasn't stayed the same, there are tsunami 's, floods, earthquakes, etc ).
I don't know why but these maps really scare me because just how different they are compare to what I used to see, feeling like I am on some kind of alternate universe.....
I love old maps. I have a giant Massachusetts map from the local one room schoolhouse that predates the quabin reservoir, showing the towns that were drowned to make it.
Good video. I liked the Gulf of California map at the end and the explanation. Would love to have seen a few more of these blooper maps at the end otherwise great! :)
"This map is not accurate" Would u even draw a potato in hundreads? We should understand that people worked hard and they had that mind to do a map of continents.
Notice the "moon" at the bottom center at 9:50? The land on earth corresponds with what we see on the moon. It's a map and GPS basically. Earth is essentially flat and round. Mercator has a map
During the Spanish Armada's escape from the English in 1588, Spanish maps depicted the north and west coasts of Ireland to be relatively straight-edged, resulting in many of their ships running aground
Just to clarify, the map you show by Claudias Ptolemy from 150AD was printed in Ulm in 1482. These maps are considered "Ptolomeic" from the speculations of the ancient Ptolomy's from Alexandria Egypt. This is where more formal knowledge of world geography begins.
Love this channel everything u post are things that I’m interested to know and always wanted to know thank you so much and thank you for showing hard work on your videos
7:13. In Columbus first account book about the discovery he is convinced the first little islands he met in America were "Cipangu" Cipangu is literally the name Marco Polo gave to Japan (he heard from the Chinese, he never visited Japan) martelus (The Cosmographist who drew the maps that Columbus used (Best maps money can buy at its time) draw Japan north south just by coincidence because nobody was actually there. BTW: Columbus researched old Greek books and he got a measurement of earth circumference, about 30% smaller than it really it's. Putting all together this belief that he was approaching some western Japanese islands was totally understandable.
Which of these maps do you like the most?
Erdapfel Globe interesting seeing the 'whole' world without the Americas.
How could you forget the Portuguese World Maps, a secret well kept within the Casa da Índia (House of India) and guarded as to protect the crown interests, showing, perhaps, the most accurate depiction of land masses by the time. The Cantino Map, was a very large map in display at Casa da Índia for guidance on voyages and copies needed for navigation had to be permitted and issued by Casa Da Índia's itself. And we are talking of the 1500's.
The French one at the end, depicting California as an island. I wonder what mountain chain that is, running through the middle of the US...?
I want the oldest map
Although it wasn't shown here, I find Fra Mauro map to be one of the greatest and most accurate medieval map ever created
It's so amazing that people back then could draw such accurate maps.
Ikr it's easy for us to say it's inaccurate with our satellite images but these had non of that and it's just incredible
In 1502 Leonardo da Vinci made a map.that was a satellite view of a city that was incredibly accurate.
You should see the mosaics.
Fr, these map makers are highly dedicated geniuses of their times, throughout all the obvious flaws in their designs it’s still amazing that they got anything even near the actual shape of the portrayed regions and continents just by stitching scraps of knowledge of these areas together
I know, they were just basing it off of the land they saw
Ancient map: * exists *
Literally every peninsula: I don't feel so good
Petar Mitkov Mr Continent, I don’t feel so good
@Splatoon is the worst game of all time. I don't care. This just means I am a normal human being who doesn't live in the basement
Petar Mitkov yea tell em
Splatoon is the worst game of all time. Art thou no you
@Splatoon is the worst game of all time. based
Without maps.. we wouldn’t have Dora
That would be S A D
You're right, how would she explore?!
Dora gae
oof
Yeah cause sniper
1. Got rid of her
2. Got rid of her map
Damn, respect to Hecateus. He got the whole known world pretty much exactly. He got the shape of the Mediterranean (especially Italy) better than anyone for like 2000+ years after him. It's not his fault that they didn't know about far-off places, and putting an ocean in a circle around the known world instead of speculating about land shape is pretty forgivable given that Greeks were convinced the universe was geometrically perfect.
>whole world pretty exactly
India: .....
@@Vajrapani108 The rest of the world is also missing, but specifically India is what you care about...
@@aggebojkalos6518 i mean it was one of the major civilization of that time. And that's saying a lot given the timeframe, as you can count on your hands the civilizations at that time
@@Vajrapani108 nobody really cares about it
@@Vajrapani108Bro, India isn't supposed to be there, what he drew was the known world at his time, not the entire one
The calafornian Isle may be due to baja california?
Yes
The Spanish couldnt sail all the way up to the bay of calafornia due to sea currents, so they assumed it was an island
Well, obviously.
Yeah
But the map carefully shows a complete island
What I wonder is how these people governed countries without maps. Think about Rome, "We are the biggest state in the world! What does it look like? Idfk but it's pretty big!"
EU4 feels like such a cheat now
Defined borders weren't really defined back in those days. Take the Roman Empire as an example. Wherever they managed to capture and seize a bit of land expanse, they would build temporary guard towers and forts and have guards man them until their battalion can advance to capture more land ahead then repeat. They had a "rolling" border that advanced (or sometimes retreated) depending on the battles that they would win on the front lines.
As a result, the regions nearer those "rolling" borders were very loosely governed compared to a well established region within the Roman Empire like the city of Rome. People in the "borderland" regions were perhaps just asked to make tax donations so guard fortifications and towers nearby could be maintained but they were less likely to be able to participate in politics such as voting unlike people in the city of Rome.
Most of Rome’s government was collecting taxes and telling the army where to go. The local cities governed themselves.
They do have maps. But they don't show it to the public. Only the rulers keep them.
@@bee5120 Rome was among the states with the more defined borders too. Later in medieval times it was a complete mess with many villages even paying taxes to multiple people.
And yes, the Columbus - Indians story is true. Columbus thought the world was much smaller than other Europeans thought. Most of Europe knew the World was spherical and it's correct size had been estimated with quite good precision by ancient greeks in 350 BC.
Columbus thought he could reach Asia by navigating west across the great ocean, which he thought was much smaller.
He faced opposition because nobody would finance a trip across the CORRECTLY calculated size of the Atlantic+Pacific, which they thought was a single ocean. The crew would all die 1/3 of the way to Asia.
COlumbus got LUCKY there was a continent 1/3 of the way to Asia.
Not every European thought the earth was that small Columbus was one of the few people who believed that it was as small as he calculated
@@morgantrottier5387 I believe he said exactly this in the second sentence be typed.
I be a DOCTOR oh shit I miss read that my bad
He used a latin mile rather than the arabic pne thats why he got confused
Columbus also thought the Earth was in the shape of a pear with a nipple on top. He was an idiot.
The thing with the native americans is true. In Germany we call them : Indianer, what simply means something like Indians.
concept of schelz same here in sweden
But our word for Indians is "Inder". So we do differenciate between these groups.
concept of schelz same in Denmark “Indianer” in singular, again indian, even though indian in Denmark is Inder
DarthBricksEmpire same, but when referring to indians, we say indier. Edit: in sweden.
Grüße aus Braunschweig!
Flat earthers be like: WHERE IS THE ICE WALL SURROUNDING US
Hexagonal Cloud The White Walkers destroyed it with an undead dragon
Your pfp makes this comment all the better
@@Outis89 and they're heading for winterfell
But where is it
@@Outis89 WINTER HAS COME
Every map has a really (relatively) accurate center, and the details fall off exponentially the closer to the edge you get. It’s like “yeah, I know this place like the back of my hand, what’s that, I have to add this mythical land which may or may not exist, alright. This blob goes here, that there.
I don’t care what anyone says. It’s absolutely shocking and impressive how they were able to draw these maps.
Bro it’s fake ur dumb and stupid as hell like ur mom that u didn’t have
Yeah, that's why they are called Indians, it's kinda weird for a channel called General Knowledge to question this
Pablo it literally made me question everything he had to say from that moment forward
@@mickeythemaltipoo3756 It's always worth questioning what you hear.
There's usually a more detailed explanation that goes something along of the lines of
"well yes, but actually no".
With just about every question you might have about the known world.
RJ GV
Is he better than most?
@ which is why native american is used now
@@pablo8286
Amerindian
Where be New Zealand, oh wait it's still missed off most maps today....
Owl Fam
you must of misread Amies comment
“Where be New Zealand, oh wait it’s still missed off most maps today”
as in new zealand is cut off or not even included on most maps today
has nothing to do with borders
Owl Fam
also may i add that every single square map is wrong as their is no way to emulate a sphere on a square sheet of paper
Amie Gordon one of the maps at my school shows two new zealands
CoolCreeper39 yeah. See those thin red lines? Those are overlaps from the other side to better emulate a sphere
I get it.
Mind you @ 9:38 He has indeed circle the only part of NZ mapped buy Tasman. (The world map illustrated was nearly 100 years before Cook mapped the entire coastline)
The only thing I think is missing, are the amazing maps created by the portuguese cartographers, from the 15th to 16th centuries
Mostly portolans depicting colonies on the African coastline, that were gradually more accurate as the Portuguese went further in what we today know Angola and South Africa
@@charlesmcgill9652 Yes, you are correct, and at this time these maps were divided into small portions, for coping by young children, thus making for few persons who "knew the big picture.
This was done to "preserve State security". Sound familiar?
" A pretty good level of *accuratness* "
Ha!
Yeah, you commented with great accuracy.
Meanwhile i can't draw a map of Eufrasia without making a THICC Africa
You don't need to draw maps anymore
It's fun too
Jane Goodnut we dont NEED to but we WANT to
@@satan1189 yea lol
General History Realatble
The Maps all show the Australian Mainland attached to the Island State of Tasmania. It was George Bass that first sailed around the island state and thus the water between Tasmania and Victoria is called Bass Strait.
It was speculated by numerous sources that certain Greeks based their maps on much older maps that showed the entire world, including Antarctica in great detail. One resources is Charles Hapgood’s book, Maps of the ancient sea kings. It’s an interesting read if you like maps.
Thank you! This is precisely why I often skip the videos and go directly to comments.
The new DLC of RDR2 looks amazing
For Pomponius' map, the seas/lakes in Africa are most likely the salt lake Chott el Djerid, which was named after Triton in antiquity and Lake Chad.
And the "strange inland sea in Arabia" is the Persian Gulf (Persicum mare), situated between Arabia (Arabia Eudaemon) and Persia (Persiae /Ariane - this seems to be Balochistan). The island could be Bahrain.
The Indus and Ganges rivers are shown, but most of the subcontinent inbetween them is missing. Indochina and China are not known either, the map basically stops at Sogdiana in Central Asia. And there are fantastical islands in the Indian Ocean. It's obvious that only sparse information was available about that region. There are even maneaters (Antropophagi) marked in Siberia/Kazakhstan.
I love looking at what people thought the world looked like in the past!
As a geography freak this is a topic i have allways NEEDED more info on! Thanks a million!
Antartica discovered in 1773....but many of the maps from 1500 have it drawn on them.
I learned back in middle school that centuries before Antarctica's discovery by James Cook, Europeans had developed a rumor about a mysterious southern land aptly named "Terra Australius Incognito" that would have had to exist on the bottom of the globe in order for the world to be balanced. Interestingly enough, they were right.
@@devonharris5936 thx for the answer. It seems to me like a "theory of convenience" they had made up. Since many of the older maps were detailed in their depiction of Antartica - and that's A under the ice! Did the video mention this? If so, then sorry it slipped my attention.
Piri Reis map is one such map
@@devonharris5936 I second this answer. Initial drawings usually have it substantially larger than reality, so when European explorers started sailing around the south without finding anything the idea fell out of favour and it vanished from a lot of maps. This is also why Australia stole it's original name, since it was believed that there could be no landmass further south.
The Piri Reis Map, Strange how the upoader of this video ignored that map!
Before Antarctica was discovered, it was theorized to have a land mass there. In parts of the world known to be landless, the opposite side of the globe has land. The Arctic does not have land directly upon it, so there was expected to be a land mass at the opposite pole.
These are really impresive and creative world maps created back in the past
İ think you forgot to add Piri Reis’es map its amazing
This was my first thought. It's more than 150 years older than Van Schagen's, which has no Antarctica at all and it shows not only a good representation of the Antarctic coastline but a surprisingly accurate mapping of it's sub-coast. I've thought to myself that the map had to have been a fake because of some of it's amazing accuracy but the consensus seems to be that it's real.
Graham Hancock mentions it often.
It's interesting to know that until about 150 years ago or so, people really had no accurate idea of what their respective countries looked like.
hardly, by the late1700s maps were almost 90percent good
The story goes, that the King of France was bitterly disappointed at the resulting size of his kingdom, when he saw the results of the first survey of France, done by triangulation.
Oh we know now? According too who? Oh they told us the truth as they do today 🤔
My uncle mentioned to me a map supposedly made by the Phonecians that appeared to include the Americas, but with China and the American Pacific coasts as being straight lines. Essentially, the Americas looked like a very long and oversized Kamchatka. It was surprisingly accurate, according to him, although I don't actually know if the map exists, he did draw a sketch of it, which I will share if anyone's interested.
You were right about the scale looking different in different areas of early maps. That's because they were made by putting together lots of small maps from different sources, and the navigators those days had no way of measuring distance other than saying "it's 3 days sail in this direction".
I own a globe from the early Cold War era. My school was going to throw it out.
I never thought a school could be trashyer then mine
I visited the primary school I went to and I was really sad to see all the books, posters, games thrown away. For me it was like smelly interesting stuff, especially those books and toys😪
@@charlesmcgill9652 When I visited my primary school a few years back, having not been there for several decades, I was shocked to see they still had some of the things from my time there. Most notably, pencil sharpeners still fastened to the counters on the side, the same counters I used and a blackboard on the wall that still had a chunk of corner missing. It was like time travel in some ways.
I got one from a thrift store and it's one of my fav globes that I have. It was from the 70s and was well-made with a brass setting.
They should of because THE EARTH IS FLAT....!!!! ROTFL
8:40 some amplifying information. We use Mercator Projection charts for naval navigation because it takes into account the Earth's curvature and thus is more useful for dead reckoning (aka driving a straight line to your port of call).
“Except a small part of Canada”
Yeah screw those guys in British Columbia.
Not to mention the small part of America, which is Alaska
and Alaska and yukon territory and northern territory and most of Nunavut territory
Half of Canada is missing. Apparently, the small half.
In 5:13 I thought cypress looked like a face
The map you said "maybe has New Zealand" certainly does, as it has Abel Tasman's discoveries on it. He came close to circumnavigating Australia, but missed the east coast and found New Zealand instead. You can see the southern coast of Tasmania, the eastern coast of New Zealand's North Island and the western coast of Queensland's Cape York Peninsula.
The east coast of Australia was not mapped until 1770 with James Cook, who also mapped the rest of New Zealand and several Polynesian island chains.
7:06 Actually that’s pretty true. Here in Latin America, Native Americans are popularly called as “Indios” (Indians in Spanish) And the reason for that was because Spaniards believed that they had arrived to India, so they called to their habitants as “Indios”. They had no idea they were treating with Native Americans. And the therms remains until nowadays
hola :v
9:19 the name America was first used referring to South America, and later applied to North and South America combined
So when you call your country with a borrowed name, remember America are all lands in the western hemisphere and be grateful with South America
The thing is people adopt different meanings. Meaning america in most eyes is the usa
In Spanish/Portuguese, sure, America refers to both North and South America. In English, however, we call them "The Americas" (plural), with a singular America/American being exclusively for the United States. Seeing as you're speaking English, you should be using the correct English forms.
6:24 - it is from left to right, Africa, Arabia, China, and Korea.
5:55 Well, Japan is there south of Korea!
The west is very weird though
More than a billion would drown if it was the real map
That is more likely the Philipines or Taiwan.
You’re missing the cat and the lioness in that Greek map on minute 3. That is clearly a caricature of a map, it is not to be taken seriously. The human head and the ear is inside the lioness mouth, which a very fine art if you ask me, to come up with distorting proportions on a map in order to create art.
More than 2000 years ago and they were more clever than some, whom are unable to get it!
You’re definitely one of my favorite TH-cam channels. You’re very informative 💪🏾💪🏾💪🏾
You should check out this wikipedia page: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_world_maps
It shows the maps shown in the video, and a lot of other really weird maps.
One of my favorites is the Tabula Peutingeriana, which shows the road network of the Roman Empire.
Make a video about Piri Reis! His maps had a big impact!
6:53 Small correction. Columbus was under the impression he had landed in the eastmost part of the Indies (today known as the East Indies). Although it was found they had discovered an entirely different island chain, the region became known as the West Indies. More likely that is where the blanket term "Indian" came from.
5:29 I guess he knew the brits loved tea, so he made the British isles a "Tea pot"
you missed one of the most important milestone in maps history. Turkish cartographer Piri Reis map, the first world map that shows America with amazingly accuracy to real. it's from 1492
i like how back in the day greece thought that the entire european land had only mountains cuz we had a lot rivers and they thought rivers come from only mountains xd
Tbh, the maps drawn are really well done. If you gave me 5 years without satellites, to draw a map and dropping me off in a random place. I wouldn’t be able to do it like they did at all!
10:14
Just the fact that ancient geographers and cartographers were able to get ANYTHING right 😌🙇
If youre curious about the song playing in the background its National Emblem by Edwin Eugene Bagley.
I love maps, I used to adore geography at school :) Thanks for uploading!
Geography was my favorite class in school. Still enjoy the old maps. I keep AAA busy as a member by ordering free maps when I may travel. USA baby boomer still with 'wonderlust' in my veins. ha..
Here is another distorted way of trying to change history. At the stage of the Portuguese discoveries that began with Infante D. Henrique, the navigator,
the greatest cartographers and discoverers of the African coast and beyond were the Portuguese. His extraordinary maps were treasures that could not be shown to other peoples, so as not to get to know the Portuguese trade routes and the discovered lands. Many of these maps were stolen by other Europeans to get to know what the Portuguese had discovered. The author of this video has to learn History. A lot!!
Hey, nice video! :D
But your interpretation of the Kangnido map is wrong. This map is incredibly more detailled than what you said.
There is Japan: it's the big island in the south of Korea.
India and indochina are merged with China.
The big shape with the lake in the middle is meant to be Africa.
Between Indo-China and Africa, it's the arabian peninsula.
If you pay close attention to the left-corner, you can even see distorted shapes for current Spain, France and Italia.
The Mediterranean sea is also represented but in a light yellow unlike the oceans.
Finding old maps from centuries ago is like finding old concept art for a game
yo why lowkey ur avatar looks like Ferb from Phineas and Ferb ?
Yo that's what I thought too
Yo I've been thinking that for like 3 weeks
holy shit grammar
@@fakelaw8123 nobody cares its the internet you fucking dumbass bts fan cringy ass
Fake Law ok
If it wasn't for maps, my ancestors would of not been massacred.
You said Columbus was looking for India. He was actually looking for "Japan" and thought he had accidentally reached India. Common misconception.
He was looking for a shorter route to India to trade spices. He accidentally came across the Caribbean.
@@sillonar He was aiming for Cipangu (Japan) the farthest east thing mentioned by Marco Polo. So when he set sail he was SAILING TOWARD Japan initially. Not toward India if that was his secondary goal. Sailing to Japan was his goal for the voyage.
This is what his map looked like. Japan (Cipangu) is the giant island in the middle of the map: upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/MartinBehaim1492.jpg
www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/07/27/national/history/what-if-columbus-had-reached-his-goal-japan/
@@than217 Japan wasn't his main goal or his point of trajectory. I'll give you this, Japan was a part of his route, but so was the rest of Asia. Which includes China and India. The purpose of this was to find a Western sea route to said countries as traveling Eastward was dangerous due to Muslim controlled routes to Asia.
www.infoplease.com/history-and-government/us-history/voyages
www.biography.com/explorer/christopher-columbus
www.history.com/this-day-in-history/columbus-sets-sail
Don't just send a link to an image from a Wiki article. Nowhere does it say that the map was used by Columbus. It's not even credible anywhere.
@@sillonar Very interesting that you ignored the second article I sent on that reply which was a news source... Hmmmm
Here it is AGAIN since you ignored it the first time:
www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/07/27/national/history/what-if-columbus-had-reached-his-goal-japan/
@@sillonar You should really read a book about Columbus sometime. You'll learn a lot. So here's the text from the book 'Admiral of the Ocean Sea' by Samuel Eliot Morison,
page 268:
"Nothing to do but keep the vessels clean, observe ship routine,
watch for birds and flying fishes, and spend the gold you are
going to pick up in Cipangu.
The Admiral says here,”
Page 308:
"After inspecting the harbor the boats returned to
the vessels at their anchorage in Long Bay, a row of some twenty
miles going and coming; and in the early afternoon the fleet made
sail for Cipangu."
Page 315:
"Somewhere in that direction must
be Cipangu. So Columbus concluded his Journal for October 13, “I intend to go and see if I can find the Island of Japan.” All the
rest of his First Voyage was, in fact, a search for gold and Cipangu"
Page 383:
"Columbus concluded that at last he was on the road to the fabulous Cipangu of the gold-roofed palaces."
Full book text here archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.185258/2015.185258.Admiral-Of-The-Ocean-Sea-Voll-I_djvu.txt
This video would have been a more accurate reflection of cartography evolution if it would have included the Portuguese cartography of the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries. In fact the Portuguese were pioneers in the age of the discoveries and were the first to link the several continents. The Portuguese were master cartographers and spies from all over Europe tried to obtain Portuguese maps at that time.
The older maps were very accurate... before the flood!
Paul Collins there was no flood
Collins like Michael
I'm going to be that "actually guy,"
But actually, Christopher Columbus did not think he was in India. He Knew he was in a new continent. It was in his writing journal entrees to the crown.
You're right
Origami Tesseract once he got there ofc he knew he wasnt in India. What is true is that his INTENT was to try reaching India through circumnavigation
@@bonusduckmann9997 of course but that's not the point people like to portray him as a ignorant fool who thought he was in India when in fact he knew he was in a new place.
It is strange ro think about how conquest happened in those old days, how do you draw your claims on those old maps?
because they used more localized and accurate maps or used points of reference instead.
Rivers and mountains i guess
Note, ptomoleys geographia has a listing of cities/places and their longitudes, and renaissance map makers picked said numbers and maid the map at 3:53. There arent any actual surviving maps from the greeks, romans or any people of the time except some very rare cases like the babylonian map
One does not simply draw all the greek islands without checking Google Maps
If you wanna see amazing old map, Google "Tadataka Ino" who was a Japanese surveyor. He made an EXACT
Japanese map in early 1800s.
Este es, sin duda, el canal que más disfruto. Saludos desde Argentina.
¿quieres?
This is, without a doubt, the most entertaining channel.
Greetings from Argentina.
English translation
Dylan M. thanks
Very interesting video! Good work!
I enjoyed your video immensely, but I wish you included the Piri Reis map, which accurately shows Antarctica without the ice.
Isn’t it fascinating that we really didn’t know what our landmasses looked like until about 200 years ago.
I wish there was still some mystery left in the world.
Not in the world but theres still the Final Frontier
8:18 I think that island is supposed to be Madagascar
5:53 Japan is so obvious to me...just in the wrong place and missing Hokkaido. It is also spun 90 degrees clockwise.
7.29: I think that Martin Waldseemüller is a german name and spelled in a different way
Emil Traudt
Martin Ualtzimulr
Or Mortin Ualtziemulr
More crazy maps please :)
You should make a Video about Piri Reis map...would be interesting
I think California may be a island the have over 2000 dams holding a lot of water if they let it go what would it look like?
1:12 no ones gonna talk about how he put Crete but none of the other islands? They must’ve just been too small to put on the map.
Probably the older maps recorded things the way they were back then. ( heads up, the world hasn't stayed the same, there are tsunami 's, floods, earthquakes, etc ).
Nobody:
Literally Greece, Italy and everything surrounding the Mediterranean Sea:
*OOF*
For sure the best history and geography channel in TH-cam!!
I don't know why but these maps really scare me because just how different they are compare to what I used to see, feeling like I am on some kind of alternate universe.....
What the fuck dude?
all these maps are way more accurate than anything I could ever draw T-T
I love history
Like from.....AMERICA BABY YEAH!
Freeeeeeeeeeeeeeedommmmmm!
Oooooooiiiiiiiiiiiilllllllll!
YEEEE
Ew, no
9:13 America was the name of South America, and later applied to all territories in the western hemisphere
I love old maps. I have a giant Massachusetts map from the local one room schoolhouse that predates the quabin reservoir, showing the towns that were drowned to make it.
Cho-sung dynasty is Korea. And that is damn good for 1402.
1:00 for a map drawn more than 2000 years ago that is surprisingly accurate if you don’t count off for not including the rest of the world
I forgot this maps name but it was made by a Turkish cartographer around 500 years ago, somehow accurately depicting Antarctica.
The Piri Reis map
Good video. I liked the Gulf of California map at the end and the explanation. Would love to have seen a few more of these blooper maps at the end otherwise great! :)
"This map is not accurate"
Would u even draw a potato in hundreads? We should understand that people worked hard and they had that mind to do a map of continents.
Ikr 😅
Notice the "moon" at the bottom center at 9:50? The land on earth corresponds with what we see on the moon. It's a map and GPS basically. Earth is essentially flat and round. Mercator has a map
These maps on hoi4 would be pretty fun
Nice video! Loved it! Keep sharing!
Comment so you get into recommended.Keep up the good work
Have you done the Piri Reis map from 1531?
I really like how the old maps tried to overcome the problem of putting a globe on a plain
To me it looks pretty
What program do you use to make your videos?
So the oldest still existing colonial globe is the Potato Globe. Nice
During the Spanish Armada's escape from the English in 1588, Spanish maps depicted the north and west coasts of Ireland to be relatively straight-edged, resulting in many of their ships running aground
This dude sounds exactly like Farengar from Skyrim
Just to clarify, the map you show by Claudias Ptolemy from 150AD was printed in Ulm in 1482. These maps are considered "Ptolomeic" from the speculations of the ancient Ptolomy's from Alexandria Egypt. This is where more formal knowledge of world geography begins.
7:18 finally i was bursting for you to notice
Love this channel everything u post are things that I’m interested to know and always wanted to know thank you so much and thank you for showing hard work on your videos
"also there's no New Zealand" well looks like somethings never change
7:13. In Columbus first account book about the discovery he is convinced the first little islands he met in America were "Cipangu" Cipangu is literally the name Marco Polo gave to Japan (he heard from the Chinese, he never visited Japan) martelus (The Cosmographist who drew the maps that Columbus used (Best maps money can buy at its time) draw Japan north south just by coincidence because nobody was actually there. BTW: Columbus researched old Greek books and he got a measurement of earth circumference, about 30% smaller than it really it's.
Putting all together this belief that he was approaching some western Japanese islands was totally understandable.