In Germany we usually do not have splitters in street cabinets and we splice all fibers 1:1 onto the main cables going to the POP. A bit more detailed: You will find there at least two 96F cables coming from the POP (which looks like a prefabricated garage containing all splitters, OLTs and upstream routers) and all micro cables going into the homes. Each microcable contains something between 2 or 24 fibers and is blown into a 7mm microduct. Further we have some 10mm spare pipes between the street cabinets for bypassing / reconnecting in case of broken cables. Usually we do not have cables in these ducts.
Same in Switzerland, all end users are connected to POP directly, no splitters in between. It is a bit more expensive (about 20-30% more), especially in more rural areas, but more future proof, and allows different ISPs to use fiber infrastructure easily. (There were some installations with splitters, but they are being converted, because technically they are illegal).
What he is referring to as "splitters" are most likely 32 channel CWDM breakouts. (hence the reference to "prisms"). Reduces the bulk of cable needed back to the central office.
@@pileofstuff This is GPON which does not have any CWDM components in the signal path. It operates bidirectional on a single fiber where the upstream is between 1290 and 1330 nm and the downstream is between 1480 and 1500 nm.
@@movax20h not sure where OP is posting from but here in the USA most are all private fiber networks.. though where I live the fiber infrastructure is provided by our power utility district and local ISPs can become providers on that network.
@@thecasualflyI am certain he is in Canada. British Columbia to be exact. That FDH cabinet is used by Telus all across British Columbia. I noticed that the electrical meters in one of his indoor demarc box install videos is the same as what our electric utility company (BC Hydro) uses all across BC.
What you are calling an FDH we are calling a PFP (Primary Flexibility Point). On G-PON we are also using 32 port splitters, but on XGS-PON we are using 64 port splitters.
Always appreciative of these videos... I've never been to school for fiber just always learned from shadowing in the field. I've worked with a few cabinets but everything I've touched was so chaotic it was hard to understand what was going on. Keep up the good work on the videos brotha!!
Can you do a video on what to look out for with primes or other contractors? Like what are some red flags of bad business. You’re good and have been doing it along time so your word is trustworthy
Bottom is likely the “Parking Lot" for detached fiber lines. The bypass or pass-through allows you not to use the splitter to make a connection for a point-to-point.
Hello budy, how are you? I'm Fernando, I follow your videos and write from here in Brazil. Would you like to know the salary of a fiber optic technician? Thanks!!
@@jordanchance4939 20 km total with no splits. 17 km total by design for reliability. The more you split the less the distance. Attenuation is the issue. If it were to work really far then you would have timing issues on the transmits if there were any devices closer to the OLT. You have a link loss budget comprised of splitters, couplers, WDM splitters/combiners, connectors, fusion splices, and the loss of the fibre itself. Most of the distance limitation is also on the receive sensitivity of the SFP.
The lower right is a holder for the unused fibers from the splitter. As new customers sign up, they'll take a fiber from the holder and plug it into distribution (subscriber) port.
One fibre "glued" to a prism with all the other fibres on the other end. DWM would be a MUX. So these are as dumb as you can get. You can run DWDM on them and break out the wavelength on the other end.
@@Todd.TYeah I've researched this since that comment. It surprised me that you had potentially hundreds of devices sharing the same fiber and same wavelength. It makes sense in that none of this equipment requires power though.
@@lptf5441 In the cable world you had once firbre for forward and another for a return for a node. Since cable is a broadcast forward and TDMA return, that is where the contention was. Enter the BDR module using CWDM to multiplex up to four returns and giving four times the capacity. Then someone got the idea to put the forward and return on a CWDM mux. This meant you doubled your fibre capacity, or now have a backup link. Put in an optical switch that can switch the MUXd signal on either of the fibres and have a coupler at or near the node. In the node is the CWDM MUX splitting and combining the forward and return. Flip the optical switch and the combined light goes down another fibre to the other input on the same coupler. Swap the node from analog to digital. Now you can use DWDM and load MANY nodes at different wavelengths on the same fibre. The RX/TX is done with channelized SFPs. This allows much greater network capacity and even more redundant routes. GPON OLTs use the same SFPs and can coexist with digital cable nodes on the same fibre. Cable operators use full out NOKIA ISAM cabinets out in the field, but they can also use node like "clamshells" that can be strand or pole mounted. The advantage to the clamshells is that they run on the electricity on the existing coax. This electricity has a backup and is monitored and most importantly is existing already. You can also breakout and go fibre to micro cell sites to get everyone crazy 5G speeds. New digital cable nodes can be converted to full GPON nodes or can even run RF out of one side and GPON out of the other. Currently the GPON clamshells max out at 25 gig. I think the NOKIA ISAM can do 40gig. The difference is that I can stick multiple clamshells all over to get greater capacity and now the splits will be in a FOSC or enclosure near the house minimizing the length of the runs to the addresses. I already did analog PON in 1999 with homerun to POP sites. It costs too much money and I always wanted to move the splits out into the field to cut costs. $2800 per home in 1999...
@@pileofstuff Sadly I must second this. Let competing contractors in there who don't read with no light meter and watch what they do to that thing. I've seen eight 1X32 splitters for 67 customers because people kept taking the ones out of "parking" and sticking them in any available port trying to activate an address. Meanwhile they had no light because they broke the fibre by closing the enclosure at the side of the house on it. A VFL at night lights up so beautiful on crushed fibre.
In Germany we usually do not have splitters in street cabinets and we splice all fibers 1:1 onto the main cables going to the POP. A bit more detailed: You will find there at least two 96F cables coming from the POP (which looks like a prefabricated garage containing all splitters, OLTs and upstream routers) and all micro cables going into the homes. Each microcable contains something between 2 or 24 fibers and is blown into a 7mm microduct. Further we have some 10mm spare pipes between the street cabinets for bypassing / reconnecting in case of broken cables. Usually we do not have cables in these ducts.
Same in Switzerland, all end users are connected to POP directly, no splitters in between. It is a bit more expensive (about 20-30% more), especially in more rural areas, but more future proof, and allows different ISPs to use fiber infrastructure easily. (There were some installations with splitters, but they are being converted, because technically they are illegal).
What he is referring to as "splitters" are most likely 32 channel CWDM breakouts. (hence the reference to "prisms"). Reduces the bulk of cable needed back to the central office.
@@pileofstuff This is GPON which does not have any CWDM components in the signal path. It operates bidirectional on a single fiber where the upstream is between 1290 and 1330 nm and the downstream is between 1480 and 1500 nm.
@@movax20h not sure where OP is posting from but here in the USA most are all private fiber networks.. though where I live the fiber infrastructure is provided by our power utility district and local ISPs can become providers on that network.
@@thecasualflyI am certain he is in Canada. British Columbia to be exact. That FDH cabinet is used by Telus all across British Columbia. I noticed that the electrical meters in one of his indoor demarc box install videos is the same as what our electric utility company (BC Hydro) uses all across BC.
What you are calling an FDH we are calling a PFP (Primary Flexibility Point). On G-PON we are also using 32 port splitters, but on XGS-PON we are using 64 port splitters.
Cool. They just installed this by my house. Had no idea it could split 1 into 32. That’s awesome
Always appreciative of these videos... I've never been to school for fiber just always learned from shadowing in the field. I've worked with a few cabinets but everything I've touched was so chaotic it was hard to understand what was going on. Keep up the good work on the videos brotha!!
Thanks for showing us the FDH! Are the yellow fibers on the lower right side in their "storage" locations for future use?
Can you do a video on what to look out for with primes or other contractors? Like what are some red flags of bad business. You’re good and have been doing it along time so your word is trustworthy
Thanks for sharing the video! Could you please tell us more about the suitable scenarios for Fiber Optic Distribution Hubs? Thank you!
Can you please tell us more about the 36 bypass ports on top left/top right and the patch board blocks bottom left and bottom right?
Bottom is likely the “Parking Lot" for detached fiber lines. The bypass or pass-through allows you not to use the splitter to make a connection for a point-to-point.
@@OofDaI’d assume a use case would be dark fiber rental?
Thank you for making this video.
OH LOOK AT YOU HERE !
YAY Spagetti !! So thats how they get from 1 cable to 32 connectors ! NICE !
Hello budy, how are you?
I'm Fernando, I follow your videos and write from here in Brazil.
Would you like to know the salary of a fiber optic technician?
Thanks!!
0:21 I was like wait is that a muffin
What is the max distance for the main feed from the office to the FDH and then what’s the max for a line from FDH to the client?
I’ve seen 3.4 km before but I’m not sure what max is
@@jordanchance4939 20 km total with no splits. 17 km total by design for reliability. The more you split the less the distance. Attenuation is the issue. If it were to work really far then you would have timing issues on the transmits if there were any devices closer to the OLT. You have a link loss budget comprised of splitters, couplers, WDM splitters/combiners, connectors, fusion splices, and the loss of the fibre itself. Most of the distance limitation is also on the receive sensitivity of the SFP.
Is this in British Columbia?
Bypass is for active non pon connections?
what does the bypass do and what's the area on the lower right corner with all the pigtails do? thanks
I am not sure, but I think bypass is where you want to do splitting further down the line, not in this hub cabinet.
The lower right is a holder for the unused fibers from the splitter. As new customers sign up, they'll take a fiber from the holder and plug it into distribution (subscriber) port.
How do the splitters work? Is it DWM?
GPON or XGS-PON
One fibre "glued" to a prism with all the other fibres on the other end. DWM would be a MUX. So these are as dumb as you can get. You can run DWDM on them and break out the wavelength on the other end.
@@Todd.TYeah I've researched this since that comment. It surprised me that you had potentially hundreds of devices sharing the same fiber and same wavelength. It makes sense in that none of this equipment requires power though.
@@lptf5441 In the cable world you had once firbre for forward and another for a return for a node. Since cable is a broadcast forward and TDMA return, that is where the contention was. Enter the BDR module using CWDM to multiplex up to four returns and giving four times the capacity. Then someone got the idea to put the forward and return on a CWDM mux. This meant you doubled your fibre capacity, or now have a backup link. Put in an optical switch that can switch the MUXd signal on either of the fibres and have a coupler at or near the node. In the node is the CWDM MUX splitting and combining the forward and return. Flip the optical switch and the combined light goes down another fibre to the other input on the same coupler.
Swap the node from analog to digital. Now you can use DWDM and load MANY nodes at different wavelengths on the same fibre. The RX/TX is done with channelized SFPs. This allows much greater network capacity and even more redundant routes.
GPON OLTs use the same SFPs and can coexist with digital cable nodes on the same fibre. Cable operators use full out NOKIA ISAM cabinets out in the field, but they can also use node like "clamshells" that can be strand or pole mounted. The advantage to the clamshells is that they run on the electricity on the existing coax. This electricity has a backup and is monitored and most importantly is existing already. You can also breakout and go fibre to micro cell sites to get everyone crazy 5G speeds.
New digital cable nodes can be converted to full GPON nodes or can even run RF out of one side and GPON out of the other. Currently the GPON clamshells max out at 25 gig. I think the NOKIA ISAM can do 40gig. The difference is that I can stick multiple clamshells all over to get greater capacity and now the splits will be in a FOSC or enclosure near the house minimizing the length of the runs to the addresses. I already did analog PON in 1999 with homerun to POP sites. It costs too much money and I always wanted to move the splits out into the field to cut costs.
$2800 per home in 1999...
I accidentally clicked on this without seeing it, and now im going to watch the whole thing because I like learning
man and i thought my cable managment was bad......
This is a lot better than most.
@@pileofstuff Sadly I must second this. Let competing contractors in there who don't read with no light meter and watch what they do to that thing. I've seen eight 1X32 splitters for 67 customers because people kept taking the ones out of "parking" and sticking them in any available port trying to activate an address. Meanwhile they had no light because they broke the fibre by closing the enclosure at the side of the house on it. A VFL at night lights up so beautiful on crushed fibre.
I am loving watching the world move to PON.