How to analyze 5-point LIKERT SCALE in SPSS and INTERPRET the results in word-For Research Scholars

Analyzing and interpreting Likert scale data can be done using various methods. Here are three common approaches:
Descriptive Statistics:
Mean and Standard Deviation: Though controversial, the mean can sometimes be used if you assume the intervals between points are approximately equal. The standard deviation can provide insight into the variability of responses.
Median and Mode: More appropriate for Likert scale data as they do not assume equal intervals. The median gives the central tendency, and the mode shows the most common response.
Frequency Distribution: Displaying the frequency of each response option provides a clear picture of how respondents are distributed across the scale.
Non-parametric Tests
Chi-Square Test: Useful for testing the association between two categorical variables, like responses on a Likert scale and another variable.
Mann-Whitney U Test: Used to compare differences between two independent groups.
Kruskal-Wallis H Test: Extends the Mann-Whitney U Test to more than two groups.
Factor Analysis
Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA): Identifies the underlying relationships between measured variables, useful if you suspect that multiple Likert items measure the same construct.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA): Tests whether the data fit a hypothesized measurement model, often used to validate scales.
Interpretation:
1. Descriptive Statistics:
Mean/Median/Mode: Interpret the central tendency to understand the overall trend.
Frequency Distribution: Assess the spread and concentration of responses.
2. Non-parametric Tests:
Chi-Square Test: Determine if there's a significant association between variables.
Mann-Whitney U/Kruskal-Wallis H: Compare groups to see if there's a significant difference in their responses.
3. Factor Analysis:
EFA: Identify clusters of items that measure similar constructs.
CFA: Confirm that your items align with the theoretical construct.
For more detailed guidelines, you can refer to this [source](statistics.lae....

[@abrortoshaliev3813]

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[@theoutlier7395]

Glad you found it useful, All the best

[@graphicsbyfarkhanda]

amazing video. helped a lot to do analysis for my research. god bless you

[@theoutlier7395]

Thnaks all the best