Photosynthesis Intro and Light-Dependent Reactions
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 5 ต.ค. 2024
- Learn about photosynthesis and the light-dependent reactions in this first animation of my photosynthesis animations series! Then try the Photosynthesis Interactive to practice the process yourself! (biomanbio.com/...)
Transcript: In photosynthesis, light is used to make organic compounds, especially sugars, in plants. This is extremely important for virtually all life on earth because these organic compounds are what we, and our food are all made of!
So, how does this process work?
In short, when light strikes a leaf, this light is absorbed and the light energy is used to drive a series of chemical reactions that ultimately make sugars and other organic molecules. Overall carbon dioxide and water are taken in by the plant and used to make glucose and oxygen gas.
Photosynthesis can be divided into two sets of reactions:
1. The light-dependent reactions and
2. The Calvin Cycle
The light-dependent reactions, as you might have guessed, depend on light. To understand how these work, let’s zoom in on a leaf so we can see them happen. Leaves are made of plant cells, and inside of these cells are special organelles called chloroplasts that do photosynthesis. Each chloroplast has many disks called thylakoids with pigments (like chlorophyll) that absorb light. Think of thylakoids as solar panels in the chloroplast. They absorb the light energy from the sun.
Now let’s zoom in on the thylakoid and focus on the thylakoid membrane. This is where pigments such as chlorophyll are found and is where light gets absorbed. The pigments are arranged in clusters called photosystems. Let’s start with photosystem II.
When Photosystem II absorbs light, electrons in chlorophyll gain energy (or get excited) from the light. These excited electrons leave chlorophyll and move to something called an electron transport chain. But, since chlorophyll lost electrons, those electrons need to be replaced. To replace them, water is split and its electrons go to chlorophyll. When water is split, electrons, hydrogen ions, and oxygen are produced. You probably know that plants make oxygen when they do photosynthesis. This is where that oxygen comes from!
Now, back to the electron transport chain. The electron transport chain transports electrons. As it does, the energy in the electrons is used to pump hydrogen ions (or protons) across the thylakoid membrane, into the thylakoid. This creates a high concentration of hydrogen ions inside the thylakoid. These ions would be trapped inside the thylakoid, but a special enzyme called ATP synthase allows them to passively diffuse from high to low concentration. This flow of hydrogen ions through ATP synthase causes ATP synthase to spin and produce ATP, similar to how water flowing through a turbine produces power at a hydroelectric dam. This ATP is a key product of the light-dependent reactions.
When the electrons reach the end of this first electron transport chain, they go to photosystem I where light excites them once again. They travel down a second, shorter electron transport chain where they are accepted by a molecule called NADP+. When it accepts the electrons, it also accepts hydrogen and becomes NADPH. NADPH is an electron carrier and is another key product of the light-dependent reactions. It carries electrons and hydrogens to the next set of reactions in photosynthesis, the Calvin Cycle.
Both ATP and NADPH are critical products of the light-dependent reactions that are needed to make sugar in the Calvin cycle, which we will examine in our next video.
If you’d like to try the light dependent reactions yourself, check out the link for the Photosynthesis Interactive at BioMan Biology and don’t forget to subscribe if you’d like to be notified when I release new videos!
Photosynthesis Interactive Game: biomanbio.com/...
Photos: freephotos.cc/...
Music by Bensound.com/royalty-free-music
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You don't know how much you helped with me... For an hour I was confused about this topic but now you made it crystal clear ...really amazing explanation... please continue this type of animated videos ... Your explanation is just unbelievable, unmatchable....
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my teacher should've shown us this video. u made it so easy to understand
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❤😂
OH MY GOD, GOD BLESS YOU, I HAVE TRYING TO FIGURE THIS OUT FOR THE PAST 4 HOURS, AND YOU SOLVED ALL OF MY QUESTIONS AND DOUBTS IN JUST A FEW MINUTES, I AM FOREVER GRATEFUL!! THANK YOU SO MUCH, YOU DESERVE SO MANY MORE LIKES AND VIEWS, THANK YOU SO MUCH!
Thanks for the kind feedback! I'm glad you enjoyed it!
Ditto😂❤
I have been watching videos upon videos for hours, knowing that my exam will come in a few days. They have made me feel more worried about the exam. Just when I was going to give up, this video appeared. Not only did your video help me a lot and give me information, but it also gave me hope that I would ace this test. Thank you for that!
I'm glad it helped! Thanks for your comment and best wishes on your exam!
Thank you so much. In my AP Bio class, we have a series of black and white images trying to describe this with words you can't read because of the backgrounds they are on top of. If I had been told to watch this video sooner, the entire chapter would have been a lot easier and less stressful for me.
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just watched almost every video on ytb about photosynthesis which got me even more lost and now after watching your videos everything is clear? thank you, really
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THANK YOU SO MUCH. I wasted so much tears before i found your video. I procrastinated for 2 weeks because photosynthesis is so hard that's why i avoided it. But thank you for this video, i now understood it. I'm gonna cry but this time it's tears of joy.
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This is ridiculously good, RIDICULOUSLY, i was watching this video on my laptop but i didnt have an account on my laptop so i couldnt comment on this video so i switched my device just to comment what an amazing video this is! Hope you reach 100k fast, God bless you!
Thanks! I'm glad you enjoyed it! Thanks for your kind comment and all the best to you!
Finally someone who explains what ATP and NADP are, thank you man
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I was sitting in my biology 111 lecture this afternoon really confused and I was so lost. I tried taking notes but was so lost that I had no clue where to start. Thank you for this explanation, it is really helpful and I really understand this so much better now!
@@LizzieRoss-z8h Thanks for your comment! I'm happy to hear that this was helpful to you!
You are a life saver. Thank you so much. Without you, i would have failed my final exam tomorrow.
Thanks, I hope your final exam went well!
Did you fail it anyway?
@@crackedgoats2237 nah...btw it has been a year
Just your two videos about photosynthesis made this process "all clear" for me. You solved the confusions about this topic that I am suffering since 6 years!
Thanks ❤
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3 MONTHS OF LEARNING THIS AND JUST KNOW UNDERSTOOD IT PROPERLY THANK YOUUU!!
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@@BioManBiology No problem!! Anytime
thank u so much oh my god. you explained what my teacher couldnt for the past 2 weeks in under 3 minutes I love you
Glad I could help! Thanks!
You don't know how much you helped with me... For an hour I was confused about this topic but now you made it crystal clear ...really amazing explanation.thank you so much sir
Thanks for letting me know that it helped you! I'm happy to hear that!
One would think everyone in the comment section is only just exaggerating but no, they aren't because I can totally relate. For week after I was taught this topic in college year 1, I have been so confused and didn't get the concept at all, well not until I came across your video today. Well explained, straight to the point type of teaching. Thank you very much sir, you really can't understand how ecstatic I am that I get to finally learn and understand this concept.
Thanks, I'm glad you found it so helpful! I appreciate your comment!
By far the best video ever to have explained this concept!! I've now realised how easy this topic actually is from your wonderful explanation!! At first it seemed quite hectic to even look at 😅, but I now enjoy it!! 🙂
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MAY GOD BLESS YOU I WAS SO CONFUSED ABOUT THIS MATERIAL BUT YOU MADE IT WAY TOO EASIER!!! YOU SHOULD BE LABELLED AS THE BEST TEACHER EVER
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I was doubtful from how informative a 4-min video can give, but I was wrong. This is genuinely so enlightening and helped me connect things together. Thank you! This is great :)
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Without the interactive photosynthesis game , I would have never learnt this❤❤
I'm glad you enjoyed Photosynthesis Interactive and that it was helpful! Thanks!
didn't get it until I watched this video. Great explanation!
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This was so much easier to understand than the lessons I get in my language
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im having my biology exam in less than a week and this helped me so so much, thank you!! ♥
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thank you so much for this video! Tomorrow I have a biology exam and I didn’t know anything about this lesson but thanks to you you made me understand the lesson . Thank you
You're welcome! I'm glad it was helpful! Best wishes on your exam!
i’ve always struggled to understand this but this video helped SO MUCH. i owe you whatever grade i get in my a level bio exam
I'm glad it helped and hope you get the highest grade! Best of luck!
OH MY GOD THANK YOU SO MUCH! YOU EXPLAINED WHAT 2 WEEKS IN CLASS COULDN'T!!! Its past 1 o clock at midnight and I have a big test tomorrow. THANKS!
Thanks for you comment! I'm glad it was helpful and I hope your test went well!
@@BioManBiology It did! Thanks to you I got a 100!
@@PassBySpace Awesome! That is great to hear!
This is the best video I've seen on this topic. It is so clear and gets straight to the point. Thank you so much.
Thanks, I'm glad you enjoyed it!
I've been stuck in this topic at school but now I can image how it's working so it's easy to understand everything with animation. I m really greatfull
Big thank you! I've been stuck on this topic for 5 hours straight and this literally cures all of the issues I have with this chapter. Thank you so much!!!
Great to hear that it was so helpful to you! Thanks for letting me know!
Best video explainer for LDR for photosynthesis
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I learnt more from this video than my 1.5h lecture yesterday
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Some idiot decided to zone out during class and completely miss the entirety of this lecture. Luckily, said idiot found this video and now all his problems have been converted into information, just like NADP+ was converted into NADPH. Thanks so much man, you really saved me.
😄 Thanks, I'm glad it helped! I enjoyed your analogy too! 👍
thank you so much 😭 im so grateful, you explained this better than my college prof did for 2 classes in just 4 mins :'')
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I wish biology books made it this simple to understand. Well done!
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omgosh this made me smile so bad,i cant understand what my teacher says,thank you for this bro
I'm glad you found it helpful! Thanks!
This video saved my life!!! Thank you so much!!!
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Genuinely best explanation out there
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You can’t imagine how helpful is was,
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Thank you so much for the video and the interactive, I finally understood photosynthesis thanks to them :) it is overwhelming to figure out where to start with all the intimidatingly long chemical names and convoluted processes, but you made it much simpler.
Great to hear! I'm glad it helped! Thanks!
Thank you so much! i have an exam tomorrow and it is sooooo helpful!
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Thanks man for helping us BIO 224 students❤❤❤
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This was so straightforward and to the point. I cant thank you enough!!!!
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My bio h test is coming on Feb 13. This video has helped me a lot.
I'm glad to hear that it was helpful! Best of luck on your test!
This is very useful and is simple to understand! Its helping me prepare for the IB exams! Can't wait for the next video!
Thanks, I'm glad it was helpful! I teach IB Bio too so it's good to hear from you as an IB student!
omg this is the best and simplest explanation ever! tysm!
Thanks! I appreciate the kind comment!
im a visual learner and this has helped so so much!!
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Thank you so much for this video! I have a quiz tomorrow over this topic and kept on mixing things up, but this video made it so much easier to understand!
Thanks for your comment! I'm glad it helped and best of luck on your quiz!
That was really helpful! Im not too big a fan of the bioman games since they're so glitchy now but these videos are still great
Thanks, I'm glad you are enjoying the videos. For the games, you might want to try the ad-free version of the website (I think that might help with the glitches on low memory devices). You can try it for free. Here are the instructions: biomanbio.com/subscribe-adfree.html
See option 2 for the free option. I hope that helps!
Thank U for making my day and making that lesson more simpler ❤
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OMG Short, well narrated, and made simple. TYSMM!!!
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This is
Literally best video so far😭
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Thank you for this video! It really helped.
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best tutorial i've aver seen for the light reactions
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GOAT 🐐🐐🐐🐐🐐🐐🐐🐐🐐
😊 Thanks!
Thank you.l have lot of doubt in this topic.but after watch this l can clear my all douts really this is so simple understand able 🙏😊
You're welcome, I'm glad it was helpful!
Thanks alot for such a wonderful lecture which has solve me my all quarries really its a beneficial for me
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Thankyou soooooo much for giving such an amazing concepts
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you make science simple and easy this video really helped✌✌
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thank you so much,you are successful to tech in the best way ,thanks brother
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Thank you soooo much for making it soo easy to understand.
You're welcome! I'm glad it was helpful! Thanks for your comment!
Loyal subscriber through and through. How’s your summer Mr. Baughman? Lmk if there’s any more games on biomanbio
Thanks! Summer has been great! I'm glad you are still enjoying the videos and games David! I did make one new game at the end of last semester.. and I'm not sure if you saw it. Here's the link if you want to check it out: biomanbio.com/HTML5GamesandLabs/EvoClassGames/biochemicalevidencepage.html
I hope you're having a great summer too! Great job on the IB exam and all the best next year in college!
@@BioManBiology can’t wait to try it out!
this is the best explanation ever!!!! and the interactive game was a huge help ttoo!
Thanks, I'm happy that they both were helpful to you!
Thank you for making this topic crystal clear also if you can then please add subtitles in english it would be more convienient for us to understand
You're welcome, I'm glad it was helpful! You can see subtitles by clicking the CC (closed captioning) button. On mobile devices it is near the top right of the screen. I think it may be near the bottom on computer screens. I hope that helps!
Thank you! The interactive game helps a lot too! ^ ^
Glad to hear that! Thanks!
This video was very helpful. Thank you so much
I'm glad it was helpful to you! Thanks for your comment!
OMG.... thanks a lot for this video 😍😍😍 sharing it with my students.
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You're amazing. Keep up with the good work!
Thanks, I'm glad you are enjoying the videos!
you saved my life with this
I'm glad it helped! Thanks!
zhe shi hen hao. xie xie laoshi. ni bangle wo henduo mang! 😊
Thank you, I'm glad it helped!
My science teacher showed this video to the class and even paused some parts to discuss that part, could say it was rly easy to understand
Cool, glad to hear that! Thanks!
Thanks sir this video helped me in my exams thanks again it is amazing video
I'm happy to hear that! Thanks for your kind feedback!
thanks man you simplified it alot
You're welcome, I'm glad it was helpful!
Thank you so much for making this video
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You explained it so well thank youuuu
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great explanation thank you :)
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I love this song so much!
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You did an amazing job!! This makes so much sense!!!!
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I FUCKING LOVE U OH MY GODDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD i was struggling HARDDDDD i wish u nothing but good things in life mr youtube guy
I'm glad this video was helpful to you!
Excellent animation along explanation
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the photosynthesis game in the link is dope SHEESH
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You explained very well. I was for this. Keep up the good work
Thanks!
bro this was so helpful. Thanks!
Great to hear! Thanks for your comment!
Bro this is actually easier to understand. Man it's hard to imagine shit cause your head spins thinking about how it works without any damn clue
I'm glad it helped!
Thank you so much bioman mahmoud tells you thank you
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I hope i had this kind of facilities at my time
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Superb explanation 👏
Thanks!
Awesome videos and games man!
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Thank you again!
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Well done, sir.
Thanks! I'm glad you enjoyed it!
Thanks for explanation its really help me a lott ❤
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Amazing tutorials❤
Thanks! Do you also have a biology channel?
Thank u this was super helpful!
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You are the goat THANK YOU
Thank you sooo much!!!!!
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My teach is so bad this lesson took us 45 minutes to tackle and still no apprehension made. But you did it in 3:45 minute
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THANK YOU SO MUCH
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Thanks very much these information aren't found in my book but
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THANK YOU!!
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Thank alot!!!!!
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Thank you ❤
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