+TheNotsoDarkCaper From what I'm guessing, the creator of the video wanted to mimic the environment of a neuron as the environment of a rainforest, hence why the cell body was illustrated like a pond.
Thank you soooo much for this video; I'm taking Biopsych and it's so nice to actually "see" this process (instead of reading a wall of text in a textbook) :D
This video is mandatory viewing for my fellow benzodiazepine withdrawal sufferers, as few of us (including the vast majority of physician's who prescribe Xanax, Klonopin, Ativan, Valium, etc.) understand the electro-chemical process (E & IPSP) which is responsible for an insane degree of excitatory synaptic issues and a long list of quite horriffic symptoms upon removig the benzodiazepine. Very happy to find these neuro posts! Thank you!
this video is the only method that worked with me! I've tried many other sources in order to understand EPSP and IPSP and they all failed. thanks so much
There are the Excitatory Synaptic Transmission which releases excitatory neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) which causes the opening of calcium gates which leads to depolarization of the post synaptic neuron in the end...
@Seas00Gurl The Synapse is the whole combination, the Synaptic cleft, the Presynaptic membrane of the Axon and the Postsynaptic membrane of the Dendrite. The synapse cleft is only the 'gap' between the two membranes. Good luck!
@dragonfry Its true, post synaptic potentials can't travel very far, their transmission is dependent on the use of leak channels since there are no voltage gated channels on the cell body of a neurone - therefore the signal diminishes as it crosses along the neurone. The PSP signal is strong enough to reach the cell body but not the axon (which is what I think you're getting confused about). Collectively the PSPs from other synapses will summate at the cell body causing an action potential
Acetylcholine is released into the synaptic cleft, and interacts with postganglionic receptor sites to elicit a functional response. Postganglionic fibers from these synapses innervate the pancreatic acini, the islets, and the ducts.
@gwensluv A potential is a voltage. A difference in the concentration of charges (carried in this case by ions) from one side of a membrane to the other. A resting potential is the voltage maintained by the membranes of certain cells (neurons, muscles..) in their excitable state, when they are selectively permeable only to potassium (K+) ions. There is more positive charge within a cell at a resting potential, so the voltage, outside-inside varies -50mV to -80mV dependant on cell type.
Action potential baby! That's how I study, through conscious reinforcement and repetition to hard-wire my neural connection. I'm looking at my self literally(Coded language).
When a cell has gotten enough of one hormon/substance the passages closes and no potentials need to be started. So it's the concentration of hormones which decides about what's next going to start.
Zaros asked "when does a synaptic potential become excitatory or inhibitory?" Different neurotransmitters are involved; acetecholine typical in excitatory circuit and GABA in inhibitory circuit (just examples. Their are many neurotransmitters.
whereas inhibitory releases inhibitory neurotransmitters like GABA causes the post synaptic neuron’s membrane’s transmitter gated chloride ion (Cl-) channels to open instead of transmitter gated sodium ion (Na+) channels. The flood of chloride ions into the post synaptic neuron severely inhibits depolarization. Instead it results in a state of hyperpolarization.
Most students at my high school learned this in their first year, only kids who were a year behind in all their subjects learned this in their sophomore year.
@gwensluv So I guess biologists use english incosistently here: 'resting potential' refers to a resting (but excitable) state; or rather, the voltage of that state. Whereas 'action potential' is really used to refer to the event, not the voltage that the AP's peak reaches. An AP has an 'upstroke' depolarisation, reaching a peak where the voltage is totally reversed, and a 'downstroke' repolarisation back towards resting potential; and a refractory period. AP = event which perturbs the RP
what channels specifically open during an epsp? specific Na+ channels will open or A single type of channel will open, permitting simultaneous flow of Na+ and K+
Idk if Im the only one, maybe my brains slower after working 2 jobs today but I had a hard time understanding the information in this video I had to keep rewinding and replaying to get it. All I cld hear the 1st few times was Postsynaptic with a Presynaptic Synapse expository Ions dendrite charge inhibitory excititory dendrite Charged channel Ibs
haha lmfaoOoOo the text book I read makes it so complicated to understand that I'd might as well throw it away. It's so simple! Electrical energy travels down dendrites, into the axon , to the synaptic terminal (the end of the axon) In the synaptic cleft ( space between two neurons)neurotransmitter is released. This neurotransmitter binds to receptors , which then cause channels to open. These channels allow sodium ions and potassium ions to polarize ( create negative charge in) the new neuron.
Omg Thank u so much!!! U explained it in Language I cld actually understand, I felt so dumb bc everyone in the comments gets it but hes using too much Scientific vocab too quickly & its scrambling my brain like Eggs
@gwensluv An action potential (AP) is an event that occurs if the resting potential is reduced all the way to a threshold potential, which also may vary, but let's say -50mV for some cell. A number of stimuli can be linked to ion channels that cause these small depolarisations, hence various sensory organs. If stimuli sum to reach threshold, 'voltage-gated' sodium (Na+) channels open, Na+ moves into the cell towards equilibrium. The AP is a change in selective membrane permeability,peaks>=+50mV
What is the actual physical and/or chemical mechanism that causes protein channels to open in response to neurotransmitters? I can't find the answer on Google or in my book, and I'm just curious.
Maybe I am missing something - but at the end doesn't this say (2:23) "post-synaptic potentials cannot travel far..." and then (2:33) "however, post-synaptic potentials travel far enough to reach the cell body" - surely that is a mistake...
can someone please answer me I dont get it, when does the impulse ever reach another cell that is not a neuron and gives the final command? help please?
Can someone tell me if its true that when a synapse is passing along messages that a liquid like substance that I guess has chemicals like dopamine in it fills up between the synapses to help pass along signals and such?
sun lee This was a little misleading. The postsynaptic neuron typically receives many excititory and inhibitory synaptic potentials; the neuron "sums" all the input and if the synaptic potential reaches a threshold then the action potential in the postsynaptic neuron fires its spike.
its not very helpful that he just kept mentioning ions, i was confused for a while because im researching alzheimers disease, and why a Sodium NA MRI is used in the early detection of the disease, im just saying if you had mentioned that they were sodium ions that entered the dendrite rather than ions, it would have saved some time. thanks for the video
Please tell me why it sounds like a rain forest in the background?
That's exactly what I was thinking
+TheNotsoDarkCaper From what I'm guessing, the creator of the video wanted to mimic the environment of a neuron as the environment of a rainforest, hence why the cell body was illustrated like a pond.
Alec Walsh well it’s a fluid mosaic model....fluid. Guess the creator thought it was cute lol
Lmao😂
cuz my head is a jungle
Thank you soooo much for this video; I'm taking Biopsych and it's so nice to actually "see" this process (instead of reading a wall of text in a textbook) :D
This video is mandatory viewing for my fellow benzodiazepine withdrawal sufferers, as few of us (including the vast majority of physician's who prescribe Xanax, Klonopin, Ativan, Valium, etc.) understand the electro-chemical process (E & IPSP) which is responsible for an insane degree of excitatory synaptic issues and a long list of quite horriffic symptoms upon removig the benzodiazepine. Very happy to find these neuro posts! Thank you!
Thank you so much for posting this! I'm taking a biopsych course, and it's been over 20 years since my last bio or chem course! This is very helpful
11Y ago?
wow that was too heavy to digest. back to my book. see you soon. thank you
this video is the only method that worked with me! I've tried many other sources in order to understand EPSP and IPSP and they all failed. thanks so much
The bg music is really throwing me off here. Thanks for the video, will explore more!
Absolutely fantastic job of this! I've asked my prof to show these to our class.
the high pitch sound in the background makes it really hard to focus. Otherwise the video was great! thx
Right
There are the Excitatory Synaptic Transmission which releases excitatory neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) which causes the opening of calcium gates which leads to depolarization of the post synaptic neuron in the end...
@Seas00Gurl The Synapse is the whole combination, the Synaptic cleft, the Presynaptic membrane of the Axon and the Postsynaptic membrane of the Dendrite. The synapse cleft is only the 'gap' between the two membranes. Good luck!
@dragonfry Its true, post synaptic potentials can't travel very far, their transmission is dependent on the use of leak channels since there are no voltage gated channels on the cell body of a neurone - therefore the signal diminishes as it crosses along the neurone. The PSP signal is strong enough to reach the cell body but not the axon (which is what I think you're getting confused about). Collectively the PSPs from other synapses will summate at the cell body causing an action potential
Tropical rainforest - definitely an appropriate backing track. Although it is very helpful.
when i read a book saying the same thing i couldnt understand ...but when i watched this video i totally understood it. (the explanations clear)
OMG!!! Very helpfull!! Great visual to help understand the whole sequence of events. THANK YOU!!!!!!
Acetylcholine is released into the synaptic cleft, and interacts with postganglionic receptor sites to elicit a functional response. Postganglionic fibers from these synapses innervate the pancreatic acini, the islets, and the ducts.
this clip made more sense than my A&P lecture class.
helped me for my exam science thank you very much
@gwensluv
A potential is a voltage. A difference in the concentration of charges (carried in this case by ions) from one side of a membrane to the other.
A resting potential is the voltage maintained by the membranes of certain cells (neurons, muscles..) in their excitable state, when they are selectively permeable only to potassium (K+) ions. There is more positive charge within a cell at a resting potential, so the voltage, outside-inside varies -50mV to -80mV dependant on cell type.
@gwensluv resting potential is polarized whereas action potential is not. resting potential is somewhere between -60 & -75 mV
Action potential baby! That's how I study, through conscious reinforcement and repetition to hard-wire my neural connection.
I'm looking at my self literally(Coded language).
you look good on tv!
Thanks, explanation made understanding the concept much easier.
Good video
When a cell has gotten enough of one hormon/substance the passages closes and no potentials need to be started. So it's the concentration of hormones which decides about what's next going to start.
that was awsome this helped me more than just reading the book barrons ez 101 psychology
Zaros asked "when does a synaptic potential become excitatory or inhibitory?" Different neurotransmitters are involved; acetecholine typical in excitatory circuit and GABA in inhibitory circuit (just examples. Their are many neurotransmitters.
Hello Mr Synaptic Neuron!
whereas inhibitory releases inhibitory neurotransmitters like GABA causes the post synaptic neuron’s membrane’s transmitter gated chloride ion (Cl-) channels to open instead of transmitter gated sodium ion (Na+) channels.
The flood of chloride ions into the post synaptic neuron severely inhibits depolarization. Instead it results in a state of hyperpolarization.
Most students at my high school learned this in their first year, only kids who were a year behind in all their subjects learned this in their sophomore year.
even for me, I´m german, it is easy to understand :) thank you a lot!!!
I found this helpful. Thank you for posting.
the music is so disturbing :\
@gwensluv
So I guess biologists use english incosistently here: 'resting potential' refers to a resting (but excitable) state; or rather, the voltage of that state.
Whereas 'action potential' is really used to refer to the event, not the voltage that the AP's peak reaches. An AP has an 'upstroke' depolarisation, reaching a peak where the voltage is totally reversed, and a 'downstroke' repolarisation back towards resting potential; and a refractory period.
AP = event which perturbs the RP
This was really helpful. Thanks so much.
thanks.
thankyou so much for the video u a life saver !
Good for grabbing the general concept. :)
what channels specifically open during an epsp?
specific Na+ channels will open or A single type of channel will open, permitting simultaneous flow of Na+ and K+
V-ATPase structure analysis and its mecanism sould be animated. Go to Osaka Univ. (JAPAN)
Idk if Im the only one, maybe my brains slower after working 2 jobs today but I had a hard time understanding the information in this video I had to keep rewinding and replaying to get it. All I cld hear the 1st few times was Postsynaptic with a Presynaptic Synapse expository Ions dendrite charge inhibitory excititory dendrite Charged channel Ibs
haha lmfaoOoOo the text book I read makes it so complicated to understand that I'd might as well throw it away. It's so simple! Electrical energy travels down dendrites, into the axon , to the synaptic terminal (the end of the axon) In the synaptic cleft ( space between two neurons)neurotransmitter is released. This neurotransmitter binds to receptors , which then cause channels to open. These channels allow sodium ions and potassium ions to polarize ( create negative charge in) the new neuron.
Omg Thank u so much!!! U explained it in Language I cld actually understand, I felt so dumb bc everyone in the comments gets it but hes using too much Scientific vocab too quickly & its scrambling my brain like Eggs
AQA textbook checking in ^_^
Maybe it was recorded at "El Yunque" (PR)
Very helpful
Easy and helpful! Thanks:)
Thanks!
thanks
awesome, thankssssss
Top-notch!
Really helpful=)
Real friendly teaching
@gwensluv
An action potential (AP) is an event that occurs if the resting potential is reduced all the way to a threshold potential, which also may vary, but let's say -50mV for some cell. A number of stimuli can be linked to ion channels that cause these small depolarisations, hence various sensory organs.
If stimuli sum to reach threshold, 'voltage-gated' sodium (Na+) channels open, Na+ moves into the cell towards equilibrium. The AP is a change in selective membrane permeability,peaks>=+50mV
Why no mention of the presynaptic Ca+ channels?
Basic of connection between neurons.
@FalloutMessiah the acetyle coline comes into the play for that purpose..
nice
This was really helpfull thank u!
why doesn't this video tell me anything about reuptake?
Anyone else here from Psychology AQA textbook page 230?
Eve M HAHAHAHAHAH, ya me, preparing for my final exams, how was yours btw?
Ismael Errahmouni I’m just starting learning about this, how did your exams go btw 😂
What is the actual physical and/or chemical mechanism that causes protein channels to open in response to neurotransmitters? I can't find the answer on Google or in my book, and I'm just curious.
nice!
Can you please tell me which is the chemical used for the transfer of electrical impulses in the synapse
it helps...thanks..
you are saving me from failng ap bio
Thank u this s v much useful in my iQ level improve
...(Shwann cells) in the Peripheral Nervous System or Oligodendrites in the Central Nervous System...
Maybe I am missing something - but at the end doesn't this say (2:23) "post-synaptic potentials cannot travel far..." and then (2:33) "however, post-synaptic potentials travel far enough to reach the cell body" - surely that is a mistake...
Oh God! Every time I hear crickets now I am going to think of Synapses! Hello everyone from AP Bio
5/5 stars!
can someone please tell me what is the difference between the synapse and the synaptic cleft, our teacher have failed to simplify it to us ...
Gods creation is amazing
i have biopsychology final exam in this friday, and i have no idea of it
Amazinggg
normtheclone. ...I think you can find this info in guyton page 546 to 556
Yeah I have the same problem. I have a psyc class being taught by a Neuroscience prof, why exactly?
The info wad good I just wish he would talk a little slower so I can take it all in lol.
@gunjan0808
ok it I know it was a month but
what is that?
well an electrical impulse is generated in neurons. so why doesn't it causes the heating effect in neurons?
What does he say at 1:37/1:38?
"this.... ions" it´s a bit unclear
can someone please answer me
I dont get it, when does the impulse ever reach another cell that is not a neuron and gives the final command?
help please?
Hi, Can you explain what triggers the entry of calcium into neurons?
.
An action potential stimulates voltage gated calcium channels in the pre synaptic membrane to open and so calcium ions diffuse in
Can someone tell me if its true that when a synapse is passing along messages that a liquid like substance that I guess has chemicals like dopamine in it fills up between the synapses to help pass along signals and such?
perfect
um.. how is an action potential produced?
Is this the narrator of the Mass effect codex? :P haha
My thoughts exactly! Awesome :D
I think the narrator of this video is the Golf commentator on Happy Gilmore...
Would have been nicer if that shrill background noise wasn't overpowering the narrator. Great info tho
Any Discount ?
Hello
thank u! :))
does this say excitatory postsynaptic cannot travel far at first 2:23 and he changes what he said at 2:37 ??
sun lee This was a little misleading. The postsynaptic neuron typically receives many excititory and inhibitory synaptic potentials; the neuron "sums" all the input and if the synaptic potential reaches a threshold then the action potential in the postsynaptic neuron fires its spike.
lol.. i can't find some of the word in my reference book... maybe this video is for the college? Perhaps? xD
i can't hear at 1:50
help me please
he says this pull on ions
Apparently, this is the synapse of a cricket.
"Called a senaapse" sort your pronunciation out dude.
I came here from Monke's neuron activation
I like to eat crayons. Anyone catch who is narrating? It sounds like Forrest Sawyer.
its not very helpful that he just kept mentioning ions, i was confused for a while because im researching alzheimers disease, and why a Sodium NA MRI is used in the early detection of the disease, im just saying if you had mentioned that they were sodium ions that entered the dendrite rather than ions, it would have saved some time. thanks for the video
San Miguel archangel esfera de proteccion