The history of the Byzantine Empire

The history of the Byzantine Empire developed from the eastern part of the Roman Empire and emerged when the Roman Empire was divided into two in 395. The Byzantine Empire was centered in Constantinople (today's Istanbul) and existed for a long time.
Some of the important periods in the history of the Byzantine Empire are:
1. **I. Period of Justinian (527-565)**: The reign of Justinian was a period when the Byzantine Empire reached its largest borders and large structures such as Hagia Sophia were built. At the same time, Justinian compiled Roman law and created the Corpus Juris Civilis.
2. **Iconoclasm Period (726-843)**: In this period, discussions on the use of icons for worship purposes had an important place. Iconoclasm means the destruction of icons.
3. **Period of the Macedonian Dynasty (867-1056)**: This period was a time when the Byzantine Empire began to strengthen again. Important emperors such as Basil I and II reigned during this period.
4. **Crusades (1095-1204)**: Western Crusader armies entered Byzantine territory during their campaigns to take back Jerusalem and other Holy Lands, and as a result, in 1204, IV. They occupied Constantinople during the Crusade and established the Latin Empire.
5. **II. Period of Justinian (1261-1453)**: This period begins with the fall of the Latin Empire and the recapture of Constantinople by the Byzantine Empire. However, the Byzantine Empire came to an end when the Ottoman Turks conquered Constantinople in 1453.
Byzantine history has a rich and complex history in political, cultural and religious terms. The empire played an important role in the history of medieval Europe and the Middle East and influenced the cultural and political history of many modern European countries.
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