☼ they dont have anything to fill it w/. it will just be 1h of claims. and machine learning trained on things we already accidentally know, then more claims.
@@after_midnight9592 I made a very quick video on the introductions of how proteins fold. Don't know if this is what you are looking for but please check it out :) th-cam.com/video/WjHmczq3kqw/w-d-xo.html
This along with CRISPR, the future looks very promising. So long as the pharmaceutical and insurance conglomerates don't hoard all the perks of it to themselves.
They stopped before they made every pro stop their career haha. Remember, if the bot did not have "human" limits it would own human beings so much easier in games. Human beings never had a chance without handicap.
@@socrates_the_great6209 If the darn thing had to manipulate two robotic arms controlling keyboard and mouse--OK, sure. I could have accepted super-human micro in that case. Still, what I, and I think most others, care about is the level of the strategic thinking.
@@weestro7 Yeah, I hate they had a fixed build order and couldn't apply any reactive tech decisions based on the game's rock-paper-scissors design. One of the cool things in the original starcraft is that a single zergling will kill a single marine, but a swarm of marines will overwhelm an equal swarm of zerglings, easily due to getting a couple first strikes at range and several kills before the 'lings can engage. Understanding stuff like that is core to understanding Starcraft.
DeepMind, and OpenAI are two of my favourite companies! ❤️ I like Boston Dynamics too. But I'm a bit sceptical about them for their military-grade robots. 🤔
What is the input to the problem exactly? The sequence in which the amino acids appear? How do you know when you have computed a previously unknown shape correctly?
The early days of Sony’s PlayStation 3 had what was called Folding@Home. Users could participate in the program and also see a world map to know who else was “folding”. Pretty cool stuff.
I need science thing to be explained as simply as possible. Am not from a science background so short videos that convey with analogies are good for people with a brain like mine.
Trained on ~100 000 proteins. Seems an impressively small sample to provide such a breakthrough. Would be interested to know about any up-sampling, validation etc.
AlphaFold sounds amazing! Loved this animation and video, overall. Hope to learn more about discoveries and progress it has made in the future. I am going to really hope that it can help us tackle things as important as our world's pollution and climate change problems. Without some major progress in those areas, I'm afraid for the future of humanity.
Brilliant, love the science and the quest for answers. The applications where this knowledge could revolutionise fields from medicine, agriculture, culinary or construction. This seems to be a key step in understanding and manipulating the biggest factor governing biological organisms. The fear in the back of my mind is what a greedy short sighted business could do with this power in the worst case scenario. Off the top of my head, engineer a super human followed closely by engineer a super virus. I'm not sure which would be worse nor what we could do to prevent it from happening, I'm just a guy sitting at home with concerns. If anyone feels like helping a random guy out by telling him these fears won't be realised in his or his children's lifetime I'll be very grateful.
If my understanding of AlphaFold ll project is correct DNA encodes with an quattuoral language that is three dimensional in nature and the folds are the places where the data sets meet, much like looping and nesting in C++. Programmers think in bi-dimensional space (think code line numbers) and it seems that DNA encoding operates in tri-dimensional space where not only the line of code but also where in space that line of code interacts with another line of code creates specific protein coding. Edit: I have read further and also think that gene coding actually operates in a 4 dimensional space with one of the dimensions being the quantum realm where entangled quantum pairs in a non locality pass information between genetic structures.
I agree, but wouln't it mean people could weaponize protein synthesis more efectively? I mean, the more control we have over chemical/biological processess the greater capacity we have to use them in all their aspects, including malicious ones.
@@EnderGZ86 We've had the ability to make devastating biological weapons since the discovery of CRISPR, and yet nothing has happened. You're going to be fine.
Letting an AI system generate random probabilities of shapes with the possibility of spitting out the shape folded correctly isn't solving anything.. We don't know why they fold that way, when, or how. This is just allowing us to see what the protein shape would be once folded - but the way it gets there is far from understood. Also, the team themselves have mentioned its only successful on a small subset of proteins. A solution that works for some but not all with no rules isn't a solution either. This is decent for building a company around feeding data into a python application to train, but not exciting at all. We aren't learning anything at all by tweaking weighted values until the AI process manages to spit out a decent answer.
@Leroy JonesThere are protesters in front of the white house disagreeing with the government. They are not put in prison. Unless you do something criminal, like shoot the president then you go to prison. You have confused the United States with Russia, China, and North Korea.
And just to complicate things even more, our consciousness decides which signal enter for each of our cells and which signal stay out. When signals enter our cells, than they bind to our proteins to give them their different forms. Really glad Google is mapping all the possible shapes. Powerfull stuff. Hope this power will be used according to their "don't be evil"
Yes, in the article by Deep Mind, researchers unable to crack a novel archaea protein by crystallography were able to make light of their findings once DM provided a structure. They tested it against their data, and found a strong match, whereas the old routes were unable to explain it.
The "plastic refuse" that causes marine pollution cannot be easily removed. This is because they are separated into fine particles as microplastics. To solve this problem, "Enzyme" that can decompose plastics naturally must be artificially synthesized and then sprayed into the sea.
By seeing how certain treatment methods interact with proteins, the proteins may fold into a shape that is known to be beneficial, thus reducing the negative effect of some diseases.
@0:27 "we know millions of protein but structure of fraction of them are known" Not quite understanding what this means. Knowing protein does not mean knowing its structure as well? Forgot to say, amazing video as always :)
Внутри каждой клетки вашего тела трудятся миллиарды миниатюрных механизмов. Они переносят кислород в крови, позволяют глазам видеть свет и помогают двигаться вашим мышцам. Эти механизмы называются «белки», и они принимают участие в каждом биологическом процессе во всех живых организмах. Каждый белок имеет определенную трехмерную структуру, которая определяет, что он делает и как он работает. На сегодняшний день нам известно более 200 миллионов белков, и их количество постоянно растет. Однако мы знаем точную трехмерную структуру лишь малой части этого многообразия белков. Если белок распрямить, он станет похож на нить, на которую нанизаны бусинки-аминокислоты, всего 20 видов. Взаимодействия между этими аминокислотами заставляют белок сворачиваться и принимать конкретную форму из бесконечного многообразия возможностей. В течение десятилетий, сообщество ученых работает над определением формы белка по последовательности его аминокислот. Это важная задача современной биологии. Мы создали систему искусственного интеллекта AlphaFold, чтобы помочь решить эту задачу. Мы обучили систему на 100 тысячах белков с известной трехмерной структурой. Теперь система может точно предсказать форму белка по последовательности аминокислот. Предсказания AlphaFold поспособствуют прогрессу в самых разных областях. В будущем мы сможем более быстро понимать механизмы новых заболеваний и разрабатывать лекарства для борьбы с ними. Мы сможем использовать энзимы для переработки пластиковых отходов, и даже фиксировать углекислый газ из атмосферы. Все это с помощью белков. Предстоит еще много работы, но распознание формы белков по последовательности аминокислот поможет ученым лучше понимать природу и живую материю.
There is always a double side to this. Yes you can find dieseases and cures and all that, but the opposite is also true. You can create super diseases as well. And there is always people looking to weaponize things.
Guys, I'm a layperson even though pretty curious, how much is it easy for scientists to read a sequence of amino acids of any protein? I mean the step number 1 before you can get started with the structure prediction? Is this task relatively easy nowadays?
Sanger introduced a method for sequencing amino acids out of proteins, in this way you have a chain of amino acids in a sequence linked by peptide bonds ( short peptide) two or more peptides usually interact via bonds disguise bonds to form a secondary structure .This secondary structure can be helix (alpha and beta )or a sheet(beta) they interact to form super secondary structure which in turn makes a tertiary structure (in some cases quaternary structure ) or functional protein .We didn't knew how the structures really interacted at the super secondary or secondary structure to form fold or loops I think they used deepmind to figure that out since it requires a lot of factors to be taken into consideration for proper alignment to build a functional protein
If you know the name of the protein you're interested in, you can simply search it in the many online databases and get the sequence that way. You'd have to be working with a very unique protein (such as from an uncommon bacteria or virus) for the protein sequence to be unknown. The entire genomes of many organisms have already been mapped out - and since protein sequences correspond to gene sequences, protein sequences are known.
Because we have the primary sequences of basically all the human proteins - but we don't the how most of them fold, that's exactly why this is such a big deal.
@@natalyawoop4263 "The entire genomes of many organisms have already been mapped out - and since protein sequences correspond to gene sequences" - exactly answers my question! Thank you so much!
This still doesn't explain how proteins begin folding AS they are being constructed. Meaning, they somehow know the configuration they will become before they have all the amino acids that would determine the structure.
Beyond my intellect, however i think we can all agree we are balancing in a sharper razor than we were a year ago. This is so dangerous 😳. Please dont think ahhh people been saying that since the invention of the wheel.
"IF" my Theory Of Everything idea is correct, (and the gravity test needs to be done to prove or disprove that portion of the TOE idea, and the gravity test will speak for itself, it will either be true, partly true, or not true), then we could potentially have the literal TOE of this entire universe.
Revised TOE: 3/25/2017a. My Current TOE: THE SETUP: 1. Modern science currently recognizes four forces of nature: The strong nuclear force, the weak nuclear force, gravity, and electromagnetism. 2. In school we are taught that with magnetism, opposite polarities attract and like polarities repel. But inside the arc of a large horseshoe magnet it's the other way around, like polarities attract and opposite polarities repel. (I have proved this to myself with magnets and anybody with a large horseshoe magnet and two smaller bar magnets can easily prove this to yourself too. It occurs at the outer end of the inner arc of the horseshoe magnet.). 3. Charged particles have an associated magnetic field with them. 4. Protons and electrons are charged particles and have their associated magnetic fields with them. 5. Photons also have both an electric and a magnetic component to them. FOUR FORCES OF NATURE DOWN INTO TWO: 6. When an electron is in close proximity to the nucleus, it would basically generate a 360 degree spherical magnetic field. 7. Like charged protons would stick together inside of this magnetic field, while simultaneously repelling opposite charged electrons inside this magnetic field, while simultaneously attracting the opposite charged electrons across the inner portion of the electron's moving magnetic field. 8. There are probably no such thing as "gluons" in actual reality. 9. The strong nuclear force and the weak nuclear force are probably derivatives of the electro-magnetic field interactions between electrons and protons. 10. The nucleus is probably an electro-magnetic field boundary. 11. Quarks also supposedly have a charge to them and then would also most likely have electro-magnetic fields associated with them, possibly a different arrangement for each of the six different type of quarks. 12. The interactions between the quarks EM forces are how and why protons and neutrons formulate as well as how and why protons and neutrons stay inside of the nucleus and do not just pass through as neutrinos do. THE GEM FORCE INTERACTIONS AND QUANTA: 13. Personally, I currently believe that the directional force in photons is "gravity". It's the force that makes the sine wave of EM energy go from a wide (maximum extension) to a point (minimum extension) of a moving photon and acts 90 degrees to the EM forces which act 90 degrees to each other. When the EM gets to maximum extension, "gravity" flips and EM goes to minimum, then "gravity" flips and goes back to maximum, etc, etc. A stationary photon would pulse from it's maximum extension to a point possibly even too small to detect, then back to maximum, etc, etc. 14. I also believe that a pulsating, swirling singularity (which is basically a pulsating, swirling 'gem' photon) is the energy unit in this universe. 15. When these pulsating, swirling energy units interact with other energy units, they tangle together and can interlock at times. Various shapes (strings, spheres, whatever) might be formed, which then create sub-atomic material, atoms, molecules, and everything in existence in this universe. 16. When the energy units unite and interlock together they would tend to stabilize and vibrate. 17. I believe there is probably a Photonic Theory Of The Atomic Structure. 18. Everything is basically "light" (photons) in a universe entirely filled with "light" (photons). THE MAGNETIC FORCE SPECIFICALLY: 19. When the electron with it's associated magnetic field goes around the proton with it's associated magnetic field, internal and external energy oscillations are set up. 20. When more than one atom is involved, and these energy frequencies align, they add together, specifically the magnetic field frequency. 21. I currently believe that this is where a line of flux originates from, aligned magnetic field frequencies. NOTES: 22. The Earth can be looked at as being a massive singular interacting photon with it's magnetic field, electrical surface field, and gravity, all three photonic forces all being 90 degrees from each other. 23. The flat spiral galaxy can be looked at as being a massive singular interacting photon with it's magnetic fields on each side of the plane of matter, the electrical field along the plane of matter, and gravity being directed towards the galactic center's black hole where the gravitational forces would meet, all three photonic forces all being 90 degrees from each other. 24. As below in the singularity, as above in the galaxy and probably universe as well. 25. I believe there are only two forces of nature, Gravity and EM, (GEM). Due to the stability of the GEM with the energy unit, this is also why the forces of nature haven't evolved by now. Of which with the current theory of understanding, how come the forces of nature haven't evolved by now since the original conditions acting upon the singularity aren't acting upon them like they originally were, billions of years have supposedly elapsed, in a universe that continues to expand and cool, with energy that could not be created nor destroyed would be getting less and less dense? My theory would seem to make more sense if in fact it is really true. I really wonder if it is in fact really true. 26. And the universe would be expanding due to these pulsating and interacting energy units and would also allow galaxies to collide, of which, how could galaxies ever collide if they are all speeding away from each other like is currently taught? DISCLAIMER: 27. As I as well as all of humanity truly do not know what we do not know, the above certainly could be wrong. It would have to be proved or disproved to know for more certainty.
Here is the test for the 'gravity' portion of my TOE idea. I do not have the necessary resources to do the test but maybe you or someone else reading this does, will do the test, then tell the world what is found out either way. a. Imagine a 12 hour clock. b. Put a magnetic field across from the 3 to 9 o'clock positions. c. Put an electric field across from the 6 to 12 o'clock positions. (The magnetic field and electric field would be 90 degrees to each other and should be polarized so as to complement each other.) d. Shoot a high powered laser through the center of the clock at 90 degrees to the em fields. e. Do this with the em fields on and off. (The em fields could be varied in size, strength, density and depth. The intent would be to energy frequency match the laser and em fields for optimal results.) f. Look for any gravitational / anti-gravitational effects. (Including the utilization of ferro cells so as to be able to actually see the energy field movements.) (And note: if done right, it's possible a mini gravitational black hole might form. Be ready for it. In addition, it's possible a neutrino might be formed before the black hole stage, the neutrino being a substance with a very high gravitational modality with very low 'em' modalities.) (An alternative to the above would be to shoot 3 high powered lasers, or a single high powered laser split into 3 beams, each adjustable to achieve the above set up, all focused upon a single point in space.) 'If' effects are noted, 'then' further research could be done. 'If' effects are not noted, 'then' my latest TOE idea is wrong. But still, we would know what 'gravity' was not, which is still something in the scientific world. Science still wins either way and moves forward.
'IF' my latest TOE idea is really true, (and I fully acknowledge the 'if' at this time), that the pulsating, swirling 'gem' photon is the energy unit of this universe that makes up everything in existence in this universe, and what is called 'gravity' is a part of what is currently recognized as the 'em' photon, then the oscillation of these 3 interacting modalities of the energy unit would be as follows: Gravity: Maximum in one direction, Neutral, Maximum in the other direction; Electrical: Maximum in one direction, Neutral, Maximum in the other direction; Magnetic: Maximum in one direction, Neutral, Maximum in the other direction. Then: 1 singular energy unit, with 3 different modalities, with 6 maximum most reactive positions, with 9 total basic reactive positions (neutrals included). Hence 1, 3, 6, 9 being very prominent numbers in this universe and why mathematics even works in this universe. (And possibly '0', zero, as possibly neutrals are against other neutrals, even if only briefly, for no flow of energy, hence the number system that we currently have). And also how possibly mathematical constants exist in this universe as well.
Indeed AI will significantly helps solving at least %90 of the protein folding problem but with capital letter B , in no way solving this problem will be as greatest achievement ever ! Because human mind, brain and diseases inevitably represents a daunting challenge in such a a way there will always be more unfathomed issues in human life and diseases to put it lightly.
Interesting , but WAY too short, I need a 1h+ lecture/podcast that go into more details please.
I am sure this will come eventually. Right after the Nobel prizes 😁
th-cam.com/video/B9PL__gVxLI/w-d-xo.html check out this hour long explanation
☼ they dont have anything to fill it w/. it will just be 1h of claims. and machine learning trained on things we already accidentally know, then more claims.
Lex Fridman has a very good explanation
th-cam.com/video/W7wJDJ56c88/w-d-xo.html
@@after_midnight9592 I made a very quick video on the introductions of how proteins fold. Don't know if this is what you are looking for but please check it out :)
th-cam.com/video/WjHmczq3kqw/w-d-xo.html
Very exciting. Looking forward to the day Deep Mind earns their first Nobel prize.
Sadly large groups can't win nobel prizes. There's an upper limit of it being shared by 4 people.
@@newtonstan2113 But can't the scientific director or someone have the prize?
@Aayush Sinha AIML Well, this time is computing applied to another field of science, so they should be able to win the Nobel prize of that field.
@@MrPascualex22 Turing prize is the Nobel prize of the computing world
Looking forward to the day they create their own prize lol
This along with CRISPR, the future looks very promising. So long as the pharmaceutical and insurance conglomerates don't hoard all the perks of it to themselves.
Does this help towards development of genetically modified catgirls?
99% of the computing power is working on it son :D
@@carlos84708 We need the full 100%!
@@carlos84708: wait, why 99%? Where does the rest 1% go?
Solar Sands viewer? A man of culture.
@@jerrygreenest 1% trap
THESE GUYS ARE CRAZY.
deepmind is just insanely ahead than others.
@Daniel G maybe,I mean nobody really knows who is doing what in this field.but they are ahead at least in terms of work process,etc. right??
@Daniel G yes, really. Re: alphafold2
213
2
3
Yeah, but DeepMind didn't quite master Starcraft II. They need to get their priorities in order!
They stopped before they made every pro stop their career haha. Remember, if the bot did not have "human" limits it would own human beings so much easier in games. Human beings never had a chance without handicap.
@@socrates_the_great6209 If the darn thing had to manipulate two robotic arms controlling keyboard and mouse--OK, sure. I could have accepted super-human micro in that case. Still, what I, and I think most others, care about is the level of the strategic thinking.
@@weestro7 Yeah, I hate they had a fixed build order and couldn't apply any reactive tech decisions based on the game's rock-paper-scissors design.
One of the cool things in the original starcraft is that a single zergling will kill a single marine, but a swarm of marines will overwhelm an equal swarm of zerglings, easily due to getting a couple first strikes at range and several kills before the 'lings can engage. Understanding stuff like that is core to understanding Starcraft.
What are you guys talking about, AlphaStar beat the best of the best convincingly.
So you are saying protein powders in the future will actually make me grow muscle?
A great achievement!! Look forward to seeing AlphaFold in action
Thanks for your hard work Team DeepMind.
We're in the future, boys.
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@@cryptorevolution9547 go
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DeepMind, and OpenAI are two of my favourite companies! ❤️ I like Boston Dynamics too. But I'm a bit sceptical about them for their military-grade robots. 🤔
What is the input to the problem exactly? The sequence in which the amino acids appear? How do you know when you have computed a previously unknown shape correctly?
just clickbait.
The early days of Sony’s PlayStation 3 had what was called Folding@Home. Users could participate in the program and also see a world map to know who else was “folding”. Pretty cool stuff.
These guys just set an example how collaborative human minds can reach to a groundbreaking extent...
I need science thing to be explained as simply as possible. Am not from a science background so short videos that convey with analogies are good for people with a brain like mine.
Who did this video? It looks great
Trained on ~100 000 proteins. Seems an impressively small sample to provide such a breakthrough. Would be interested to know about any up-sampling, validation etc.
The animation studio who put this together did a great job!
Yeah u us zu
Va ska vi köra ett
@@hxrr1scootz115 jag ska vi köra på det här är det
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It'd be amazing if the guys of Kurtzgezat - In a nutshell could do a joint video with you guys
Yes, please!
Demis Hassabis needs a Nobel prize
What an achievement DeepMind’s AlphaFold Team ! Kudos 🙌🏻
I've been waiting for DeepMind to accomplish something outside the constraints of a gaming environment. Well done.
AlphaFold sounds amazing! Loved this animation and video, overall. Hope to learn more about discoveries and progress it has made in the future. I am going to really hope that it can help us tackle things as important as our world's pollution and climate change problems. Without some major progress in those areas, I'm afraid for the future of humanity.
Brilliant, love the science and the quest for answers. The applications where this knowledge could revolutionise fields from medicine, agriculture, culinary or construction. This seems to be a key step in understanding and manipulating the biggest factor governing biological organisms. The fear in the back of my mind is what a greedy short sighted business could do with this power in the worst case scenario. Off the top of my head, engineer a super human followed closely by engineer a super virus. I'm not sure which would be worse nor what we could do to prevent it from happening, I'm just a guy sitting at home with concerns. If anyone feels like helping a random guy out by telling him these fears won't be realised in his or his children's lifetime I'll be very grateful.
If my understanding of AlphaFold ll project is correct DNA encodes with an quattuoral language that is three dimensional in nature and the folds are the places where the data sets meet, much like looping and nesting in C++.
Programmers think in bi-dimensional space (think code line numbers) and it seems that DNA encoding operates in tri-dimensional space where not only the line of code but also where in space that line of code interacts with another line of code creates specific protein coding.
Edit: I have read further and also think that gene coding actually operates in a 4 dimensional space with one of the dimensions being the quantum realm where entangled quantum pairs in a non locality pass information between genetic structures.
Congratulations to humanity and thanks to DeepMind! ❤️
This means in the future vaccines for Rona-type diseases can be identified quickly !!
I agree, but wouln't it mean people could weaponize protein synthesis more efectively? I mean, the more control we have over chemical/biological processess the greater capacity we have to use them in all their aspects, including malicious ones.
@@EnderGZ86 Everything has its good and bad, be it the internet, technology. To tackle that, we would have to progress on the social front.
@@EnderGZ86 We've had the ability to make devastating biological weapons since the discovery of CRISPR, and yet nothing has happened. You're going to be fine.
They already use computers for that. Thats why moderna started testing their vaccine in February, before the shutdowns
@@TheLegendaryHacker as long as everyone is stupid, you are going to be fine
How does this compare with Rosetta at home and Folding at home Distributed Computing projects?
Letting an AI system generate random probabilities of shapes with the possibility of spitting out the shape folded correctly isn't solving anything.. We don't know why they fold that way, when, or how. This is just allowing us to see what the protein shape would be once folded - but the way it gets there is far from understood. Also, the team themselves have mentioned its only successful on a small subset of proteins. A solution that works for some but not all with no rules isn't a solution either. This is decent for building a company around feeding data into a python application to train, but not exciting at all. We aren't learning anything at all by tweaking weighted values until the AI process manages to spit out a decent answer.
Wow. I'm curious as to how they got here. Really cool to see how A.I. is playing a huge role in social good.
And social bad as well (surveillance systems etc).
@@dislike__button, surveillance systems are used by the police to catch criminals. That's good. Unless of course, you're the criminal.
@Leroy JonesThere are protesters in front of the white house disagreeing with the government. They are not put in prison. Unless you do something criminal, like shoot the president then you go to prison. You have confused the United States with Russia, China, and North Korea.
greatest, beautiful video this year
Stunning accomplishment. Congratulations.!
This is amazing! Thanks Google. Life comes from movment, the movment of our proteins after an interaction with different signals
what?
And just to complicate things even more, our consciousness decides which signal enter for each of our cells and which signal stay out. When signals enter our cells, than they bind to our proteins to give them their different forms. Really glad Google is mapping all the possible shapes. Powerfull stuff. Hope this power will be used according to their "don't be evil"
This isn’t google
Taught DeepMind was owned by Alphabet but could be wrong. To whom is it?
@@Phyloraptor Yeah Google fund them but they're very independent. They're a British Company called Deepmind located in London
Once the shape is predicted by the AI, is it possible to verify it using less work than it would take to compute it traditionally?
Yes, in the article by Deep Mind, researchers unable to crack a novel archaea protein by crystallography were able to make light of their findings once DM provided a structure.
They tested it against their data, and found a strong match, whereas the old routes were unable to explain it.
Great video but choosing to render this in 15fps really takes away from the value :P
Too short, need an alphafold documentary like alphago
I am excited. Looks like a nice progress
Meanwhile everyone else has no use for AI except for driving up sales and user engagements on their website.
Kudos! Outstanding work!
The "plastic refuse" that causes marine pollution cannot be easily removed.
This is because they are separated into fine particles as microplastics.
To solve this problem, "Enzyme" that can decompose plastics naturally must be artificially synthesized and then sprayed into the sea.
Yea, but where is Carmen Sandiego?
If you tell it the tertiary or quaternary structure you want could it tell you the primary structure?
What is the margin of error and how is it managed?
yes
@@ishaan863 No
Exciting stuff! :D
I know it is a long shot, but how exactly does the prediction of "2D shapes to 3D model" help in discovering a cure for various diseases?
By seeing how certain treatment methods interact with proteins, the proteins may fold into a shape that is known to be beneficial, thus reducing the negative effect of some diseases.
Fine, but if the body needs a certain protein shape for a certain function, how does it figure out the sequence to do it?
yes
Can Alphafold explain how proteins are folded? What’s the mechanism?
yes
The cells in the body are beyond amazing
So the shape defines it's function. Mapping out the shapes would be the code to program life.
What are others long-standing problems, in any field, that Deepmind could be applied to?
seems limitless to me. the idea
@0:27 "we know millions of protein but structure of fraction of them are known" Not quite understanding what this means. Knowing protein does not mean knowing its structure as well? Forgot to say, amazing video as always :)
Beautiful animation 😯
Yes guys, keep going!!!
Does this help the fight to cure cancer then?
Внутри каждой клетки вашего тела трудятся миллиарды миниатюрных механизмов. Они переносят кислород в крови, позволяют глазам видеть свет и помогают двигаться вашим мышцам. Эти механизмы называются «белки», и они принимают участие в каждом биологическом процессе во всех живых организмах. Каждый белок имеет определенную трехмерную структуру, которая определяет, что он делает и как он работает. На сегодняшний день нам известно более 200 миллионов белков, и их количество постоянно растет. Однако мы знаем точную трехмерную структуру лишь малой части этого многообразия белков.
Если белок распрямить, он станет похож на нить, на которую нанизаны бусинки-аминокислоты, всего 20 видов. Взаимодействия между этими аминокислотами заставляют белок сворачиваться и принимать конкретную форму из бесконечного многообразия возможностей. В течение десятилетий, сообщество ученых работает над определением формы белка по последовательности его аминокислот. Это важная задача современной биологии. Мы создали систему искусственного интеллекта AlphaFold, чтобы помочь решить эту задачу. Мы обучили систему на 100 тысячах белков с известной трехмерной структурой. Теперь система может точно предсказать форму белка по последовательности аминокислот.
Предсказания AlphaFold поспособствуют прогрессу в самых разных областях. В будущем мы сможем более быстро понимать механизмы новых заболеваний и разрабатывать лекарства для борьбы с ними. Мы сможем использовать энзимы для переработки пластиковых отходов, и даже фиксировать углекислый газ из атмосферы. Все это с помощью белков. Предстоит еще много работы, но распознание формы белков по последовательности аминокислот поможет ученым лучше понимать природу и живую материю.
What companies and sector will benefit from this?
impressive !
Do we know what the protein does once it has folded?
There is always a double side to this. Yes you can find dieseases and cures and all that, but the opposite is also true. You can create super diseases as well. And there is always people looking to weaponize things.
Now we need a paper folding ai
this should have 1 mill likes.
This is a big task maybe one of the biggest.
This has more possible variations then the forecasted number of molecules in the universe.
I wonder what kind of potential this holds for CRISPR? Can we translate these models to solve for it?
Guys, I'm a layperson even though pretty curious, how much is it easy for scientists to read a sequence of amino acids of any protein? I mean the step number 1 before you can get started with the structure prediction? Is this task relatively easy nowadays?
Sanger introduced a method for sequencing amino acids out of proteins, in this way you have a chain of amino acids in a sequence linked by peptide bonds ( short peptide) two or more peptides usually interact via bonds disguise bonds to form a secondary structure .This secondary structure can be helix (alpha and beta )or a sheet(beta) they interact to form super secondary structure which in turn makes a tertiary structure (in some cases quaternary structure ) or functional protein .We didn't knew how the structures really interacted at the super secondary or secondary structure to form fold or loops I think they used deepmind to figure that out since it requires a lot of factors to be taken into consideration for proper alignment to build a functional protein
If you know the name of the protein you're interested in, you can simply search it in the many online databases and get the sequence that way. You'd have to be working with a very unique protein (such as from an uncommon bacteria or virus) for the protein sequence to be unknown. The entire genomes of many organisms have already been mapped out - and since protein sequences correspond to gene sequences, protein sequences are known.
Because we have the primary sequences of basically all the human proteins - but we don't the how most of them fold, that's exactly why this is such a big deal.
@@natalyawoop4263 "The entire genomes of many organisms have already been mapped out - and since protein sequences correspond to gene sequences" - exactly answers my question! Thank you so much!
That last part gave me goosebumps
You're doing exceptional work!
Great explainer!
Now please try to reduce the neural net to some mathematic formulation (Compression ?)
hmm, how many amino acid are there? some says 20, 21, 22....
so does this mean the human protenome is soon complete?
Nobel worthy.
Amazing!
What university field/majors teach this? Is this bioinformatics?
Yeah. Could also be a part of computational biology.
Mr and my GYMBROS bout to be on a new type of creatine!!!!!
Did it help find a vaccine for COVID-19 or is it bc still in progress?
deepmind guys are from future, just having fun in past ;)
This still doesn't explain how proteins begin folding AS they are being constructed. Meaning, they somehow know the configuration they will become before they have all the amino acids that would determine the structure.
great work guys!! and girls
Hey Deepmind, please do something to eliminate corruption from the face of earth
1:33 "there's lot more work to be done"
HA HA HA 🤣
game changer in a single generation
As always as Deep mind be the game changer
Will it perfect the Whey Protein to rip my muscles?
There can be endless possibilities of SciFi disaster films originate from this little clip!
once you know the protein shape. what good does it give us though?
protein shapes are the basis of our immune defense
So as soon as someone makes a better algorithm it’s now Worldwide quarantine
Beyond my intellect, however i think we can all agree we are balancing in a sharper razor than we were a year ago. This is so dangerous 😳. Please dont think ahhh people been saying that since the invention of the wheel.
nice work
Interesting content
Awesome
It's just a start
How much % of world power is from folding@home
“Could lead to exciting breakthroughs”, but WILL lead to evil the levels of which mankind has never experienced!
"IF" my Theory Of Everything idea is correct, (and the gravity test needs to be done to prove or disprove that portion of the TOE idea, and the gravity test will speak for itself, it will either be true, partly true, or not true), then we could potentially have the literal TOE of this entire universe.
Revised TOE: 3/25/2017a.
My Current TOE:
THE SETUP:
1. Modern science currently recognizes four forces of nature: The strong nuclear force, the weak nuclear force, gravity, and electromagnetism.
2. In school we are taught that with magnetism, opposite polarities attract and like polarities repel. But inside the arc of a large horseshoe magnet it's the other way around, like polarities attract and opposite polarities repel. (I have proved this to myself with magnets and anybody with a large horseshoe magnet and two smaller bar magnets can easily prove this to yourself too. It occurs at the outer end of the inner arc of the horseshoe magnet.).
3. Charged particles have an associated magnetic field with them.
4. Protons and electrons are charged particles and have their associated magnetic fields with them.
5. Photons also have both an electric and a magnetic component to them.
FOUR FORCES OF NATURE DOWN INTO TWO:
6. When an electron is in close proximity to the nucleus, it would basically generate a 360 degree spherical magnetic field.
7. Like charged protons would stick together inside of this magnetic field, while simultaneously repelling opposite charged electrons inside this magnetic field, while simultaneously attracting the opposite charged electrons across the inner portion of the electron's moving magnetic field.
8. There are probably no such thing as "gluons" in actual reality.
9. The strong nuclear force and the weak nuclear force are probably derivatives of the electro-magnetic field interactions between electrons and protons.
10. The nucleus is probably an electro-magnetic field boundary.
11. Quarks also supposedly have a charge to them and then would also most likely have electro-magnetic fields associated with them, possibly a different arrangement for each of the six different type of quarks.
12. The interactions between the quarks EM forces are how and why protons and neutrons formulate as well as how and why protons and neutrons stay inside of the nucleus and do not just pass through as neutrinos do.
THE GEM FORCE INTERACTIONS AND QUANTA:
13. Personally, I currently believe that the directional force in photons is "gravity". It's the force that makes the sine wave of EM energy go from a wide (maximum extension) to a point (minimum extension) of a moving photon and acts 90 degrees to the EM forces which act 90 degrees to each other. When the EM gets to maximum extension, "gravity" flips and EM goes to minimum, then "gravity" flips and goes back to maximum, etc, etc. A stationary photon would pulse from it's maximum extension to a point possibly even too small to detect, then back to maximum, etc, etc.
14. I also believe that a pulsating, swirling singularity (which is basically a pulsating, swirling 'gem' photon) is the energy unit in this universe.
15. When these pulsating, swirling energy units interact with other energy units, they tangle together and can interlock at times. Various shapes (strings, spheres, whatever) might be formed, which then create sub-atomic material, atoms, molecules, and everything in existence in this universe.
16. When the energy units unite and interlock together they would tend to stabilize and vibrate.
17. I believe there is probably a Photonic Theory Of The Atomic Structure.
18. Everything is basically "light" (photons) in a universe entirely filled with "light" (photons).
THE MAGNETIC FORCE SPECIFICALLY:
19. When the electron with it's associated magnetic field goes around the proton with it's associated magnetic field, internal and external energy oscillations are set up.
20. When more than one atom is involved, and these energy frequencies align, they add together, specifically the magnetic field frequency.
21. I currently believe that this is where a line of flux originates from, aligned magnetic field frequencies.
NOTES:
22. The Earth can be looked at as being a massive singular interacting photon with it's magnetic field, electrical surface field, and gravity, all three photonic forces all being 90 degrees from each other.
23. The flat spiral galaxy can be looked at as being a massive singular interacting photon with it's magnetic fields on each side of the plane of matter, the electrical field along the plane of matter, and gravity being directed towards the galactic center's black hole where the gravitational forces would meet, all three photonic forces all being 90 degrees from each other.
24. As below in the singularity, as above in the galaxy and probably universe as well.
25. I believe there are only two forces of nature, Gravity and EM, (GEM). Due to the stability of the GEM with the energy unit, this is also why the forces of nature haven't evolved by now. Of which with the current theory of understanding, how come the forces of nature haven't evolved by now since the original conditions acting upon the singularity aren't acting upon them like they originally were, billions of years have supposedly elapsed, in a universe that continues to expand and cool, with energy that could not be created nor destroyed would be getting less and less dense? My theory would seem to make more sense if in fact it is really true. I really wonder if it is in fact really true.
26. And the universe would be expanding due to these pulsating and interacting energy units and would also allow galaxies to collide, of which, how could galaxies ever collide if they are all speeding away from each other like is currently taught?
DISCLAIMER:
27. As I as well as all of humanity truly do not know what we do not know, the above certainly could be wrong. It would have to be proved or disproved to know for more certainty.
Here is the test for the 'gravity' portion of my TOE idea. I do not have the necessary resources to do the test but maybe you or someone else reading this does, will do the test, then tell the world what is found out either way.
a. Imagine a 12 hour clock.
b. Put a magnetic field across from the 3 to 9 o'clock positions.
c. Put an electric field across from the 6 to 12 o'clock positions.
(The magnetic field and electric field would be 90 degrees to each other and should be polarized so as to complement each other.)
d. Shoot a high powered laser through the center of the clock at 90 degrees to the em fields.
e. Do this with the em fields on and off.
(The em fields could be varied in size, strength, density and depth. The intent would be to energy frequency match the laser and em fields for optimal results.)
f. Look for any gravitational / anti-gravitational effects.
(Including the utilization of ferro cells so as to be able to actually see the energy field movements.)
(And note: if done right, it's possible a mini gravitational black hole might form. Be ready for it. In addition, it's possible a neutrino might be formed before the black hole stage, the neutrino being a substance with a very high gravitational modality with very low 'em' modalities.)
(An alternative to the above would be to shoot 3 high powered lasers, or a single high powered laser split into 3 beams, each adjustable to achieve the above set up, all focused upon a single point in space.)
'If' effects are noted, 'then' further research could be done.
'If' effects are not noted, 'then' my latest TOE idea is wrong. But still, we would know what 'gravity' was not, which is still something in the scientific world. Science still wins either way and moves forward.
'IF' my latest TOE idea is really true, (and I fully acknowledge the 'if' at this time), that the pulsating, swirling 'gem' photon is the energy unit of this universe that makes up everything in existence in this universe, and what is called 'gravity' is a part of what is currently recognized as the 'em' photon, then the oscillation of these 3 interacting modalities of the energy unit would be as follows:
Gravity: Maximum in one direction, Neutral, Maximum in the other direction;
Electrical: Maximum in one direction, Neutral, Maximum in the other direction;
Magnetic: Maximum in one direction, Neutral, Maximum in the other direction.
Then:
1 singular energy unit, with 3 different modalities, with 6 maximum most reactive positions, with 9 total basic reactive positions (neutrals included). Hence 1, 3, 6, 9 being very prominent numbers in this universe and why mathematics even works in this universe.
(And possibly '0', zero, as possibly neutrals are against other neutrals, even if only briefly, for no flow of energy, hence the number system that we currently have).
And also how possibly mathematical constants exist in this universe as well.
My genetics teacher always used to say: DNA-RNA-Protein… thats all you need to remember….
Indeed AI will significantly helps solving at least %90 of the protein folding problem but with capital letter B , in no way solving this problem will be as greatest achievement ever ! Because human mind, brain and diseases inevitably represents a daunting challenge in such a a way there will always be more unfathomed issues in human life and diseases to put it lightly.
Thank you for good work, now onward! first to sleep!
why doesn't adblock work on this one?
cause it is Googles vid and youtube is owned by them, thus making an exceptional ad that passes the usual blocker?
No ads for me.
@@gridcoregilry666 the joke is that the vid is an ad itself
@@goerges388 thought so
wicked innit?
Amazing
Finally, a kick to the tick