Would love to one day see a freight train running a continuous, unbroken route on standard gauge (1435mm) from China 🇨🇳 to Europe 🇪🇺 either through four rail dual gauge (1435+1520) between Western China and Iran 🇮🇷 or three rail dual gauge through Pakistan 🇵🇰 (1435+1676).
There's already a proposal to restart Islamabad, Tehran, Istanbul (or Pakistan, Iran, Turkey) railway.... Only problem is US sanctions on Iran which won't let us do business with Iran.
@@jdamsel8212 Finally, someone sane in this whole video's comment section. If I could rate your IQ I would say your IQ is at least 160 and everyone else's IQ is at least an 80 because deep down inside this whole scheme all is inserting dominance over everyone else and take over the world like the Communist scumbags they are.
Exactly. The same goes for any railway service compared to road, air or maritime traffic. We call it "external costs" and already there are some groups pushing for its inclusion in all transport costs. When that happens, railways are back on the track 😊
No way. A ship can carry 20,000 containers, while a train can only carry tens of containers. The train uses coal or electricity derived mostly from coal. Cargo train is a good supplement, but not an substitute.
@@hamydunn9183 I've checked and apparently ships are around 5x more energy-efficient, so maybe if the grid is like 50% renewable and the rest is mostly natural gas and some coal the trains could be more environmentally friendly even from co2 perspective, without considering bad quality fuel used by container ships.
@@hamydunn9183 again you should also consider the time it needed per travel, longer travel affect the economic mobility, surely there is additional carbon footprint for each additional days (this is just me blurting out, someone smarter than me would be able to calculate it better). But yes I agree multi-transport mode is complementary.
Another great video. Amazing idea. You presented a new perspective of Belt and Road Initiative by explaining role of railways within this initiative. Just keep going!
The Americans will do every thing in their power to make sure this don't happen. Eurasia railways will spur economic booms from Asia to Europe, America will have no part in this economic boom. China and Eu are two America's biggest rivals, this railway will strengthen two of its biggest rivals.
It is logical for them to do so. US's strength is ocean going trade, because it has easy access two oceans. Preventing major world trade from turn into land-based would be in its best interest.
@@beyfanz5307 at best it is a disputed lands. Before the brits came, the border between China and India never demarcated officially. In fact, before the british came, there was no such thing as India. There were kingdoms and empires in South Asia, which the brits unified under its rule. The british unilaterally demarcated the border with China, which China never accepted. When the brits left India, India thought they could inherit the british legacy, but India isn't british empire. India missed the chance to solve this peacefully when Zhou Enlai offered Nehru a deal which India would have gotten the bigger portion of the land. Nehru, felt confident after kicking out Portuguese from Goa, rejected the offer and instead chose the military option, the forward policy which ended in India's defeat. China could have taken all lands at that time, but instead China chose to retreat to the previous territory it held. Now I'm not sure if Zhou's offer is still on the table. I see no reason why China should offer bigger portion to India.
@@beyfanz5307 if China really wanted to capture Arunachal Pradesh to cut off North East from India, China wouldn't retreat back after defeating India in the war. There was practically nothing to stop China at that time.
@@beyfanz5307 TH-cam is hardly a reliable source for this. When is India going to release its own Henderson Brooks-Bhagat Report to the public? Why hide it?
We already have Luxury trains that cross between Namibia to South Africa and Tanzania to South Africa. Plenty of cargo trains as well in like 15 African countries
@@millevenon5853 which luxury trains are you talking about? South African railways are in dire collapse and the only luxury train still in operation is the blue train.
"The eyes of history are on this appointment." - Buttigeig 1964 Japan's first bullet trains were put in service and the the first Beatles album was released. 1998 China started the construction of 36,000km of high speed railways and high speed trains. 2020 US still has NO high speed railway and NO high speed trains.
I think this maybe done on purpose, get the populace buying their own cars thus propping up that industry and the petrol, but then others started making cars better.... way better and this is where it goes a bit shit faced. They still need a fuel though. I could be well off but it does seem odd to spend masses on arms ( MIC controls the government? ) and not to build much infrastructure to help your populace that ultimately helps the nation.
@@Helghast73 The main reason why the U.S. railway system does not upgrade is due to the obstacles caused by the traditional automobile manufacturing industry. At the same time, long-distance travel in the United States mainly depends on aviation. On the other hand, the cost of building a railway is very high and the construction time is relatively long. In addition, the existing railway system is still sufficient. Therefore, the United States is a road + air transportation network.
@@zhu_zi4533 As China has proved, the cost isn’t massive and it doesn’t take that long. But i suppose it will take money away from some industries ( they no doubt being car and petrol have massive shouts in the senate ) yet pump money into others 🤷🏻♂️
@@Helghast73 Yes, so it's not cost-effective to build a railway. It's going to hit the U.S. auto industry. And for China... Anyway, there was no traditional automobile industry in China, and it's not reliable to use road network transportation in the southern mountainous areas (unless you want to practice turning skills on mountain roads, which are so many turns that you can get dizzy) (And if there is a landslide or a car accident, the whole road will be blocked, and it will take at least 3 hours to reopen)
The US built interstate roads though. The problem is, it was decided back then that US would focus on building roads to accomodate their massive oil industries and auto industries in addition, instead of interstates railroad, which is pretty weird I say, considering that when we think of all the wild west movies they always potray US as a country with lots of trains.
Very informative. Thank you. PS: China developed a variable gouge train that can cross countries with different railway standards without the need to switch trains.
Great video! Looking forward for more international project stuff. Really interesting to see railway transport develop; maybe as time goes on we'll get a high speed line between Europe, Moscow and China, lol. I'd be the first one to hop on a 5 night train to Beijing
Haha in one of the maps ~4:00 my country (Tajikistan) is shown to be part of China. We are not that significant but not yet part of China. I think it's a popular map since I have seen it a couple of times, but just wanted to point it out.
Gosh, I noticed that several times and even Taiwanese media (they're literally claiming they're the real "China") used that wrong map... whoever designed that map at the beginning should be seriously blamed....
Great, detailed and we'll done video! Would be interesting to see a similar video on the container rail network in the USA. It's a complex and greatly used rail network which deserves your attention. Look forward in seeing it in future.
Linking China and Europe via Iran is so important for the stabilization of Middle Eastern Countries which have been play-things of European colonial powers since 1918: Best wishes to China with these projects
I was learning railway (HSR, more specifically) in bachelor, I found it boring and change the major in Master. However, your video is really impressive and inspire some of my curiosity. Thank you for you good work and keep it up.
As what latham cole said in the lone ranger movie, who controls the railway has the power, but china does not control all the railway networks. The challenge for china is the collaboration and cooperation between countries for the extensive and efficient use of the networks. As china grows into consumer market economy, the more products will be pumped into china and the more railway will be connected to this network.
The map on 2:24 is inaccurate because Taiwan belonged to Qing China and was only cut into Japan as a result of the first Sino-Japanese War in 1895. I don't care about Taiwan's sovereignty but I felt appalled when they claimed this project to be a failure. I mean obviously, cuz they're not the one to benefit from it.
Is there any chance of them turning these into High Speed Freight lines... I see in Italy they have almost doubled the normal speed of freight (from 80 to 165kmh) and China has started looking at making smaller in land routes High Speed. I'd love too see what else you can find.
The US had been using the heavy combined locomotives to haul heavy loads including up to thousand of containers across North America at speed up to 160 km per hour; though there is a restriction on speed when the trains approach town limits. Hence, higher speed beyond the current average speed of 40 kmph will definitely make the trans-Eurasian railway links a reality. With HSR, Beijing-Moscow at 350 kmph would mean daily trip is possible!! Though for freight train at 160 kmph would mean 2 day-trip. At such delivery time, air freight across this region would be meaningless because of the cost disadvantage!
Map is not very accurate but this video is still pretty good containing lots of information. It is too bad the track systems are different which seems creating big pain and extra cost. I'd like to see more explanations on this and some discussions about possible solutions. BRI for sure needs all countries buy-ins and it seems a great project that can produce long-term prosperity for all.
Once there is enough traffic on the track, it will become profitable to replace old tracks with standard gauge and other standards. Until then, using 'variable gauge train' might be only alternative.
Wish the Western Europe will corporate and work with China and get the rails connectivity complete, and the introduction of HSR and reduce the fossil fuel flight. This will make land travel more interesting and green.
Excellent vidéo well explained and documented. To me it seems almost impossible to have a competitive freight price against Ocean transportation from China to Europe without subside. So, development of Silk Road initiative is intended to increase trading according to China, with countries along all the new routes. It also strategically a way of China to be closer to Europe in case of conflicts !
US and others keep spoiling and making BRI sounds scary. Because they are missing out on the trade. Just like another businessman, not located in the biznes zone making noises to prevent others from doing biznes
Basically any maritime country that cannot reasonably connect to the BRI rail network will complain. The SEA countries, Australia, and all the Americas will miss out if trade goes inland. The US should start its own Belt and Road Initiative with South America. It could start with something as fundamental as linking the Darien Gap in Panama.
@@enduser8410 BRI projects didn't leave ASEAN out. Ideally a Kunming - Singapore HSR will be built via one of the three routes through either Malaysia, Thailand or Vietnam. But the geopolitics is tricky to work out. Indonesia has got its share of Chinese HSR, it's feasible for the Pinoys to get some too. The Laos - China (Boten - Vientiane) railway has been under construction for several years and will be good to go by the end of this year. The work on Kunming - Yangon HSR resumed in 2019, but current unrest in Myanmar makes the situation murky. Australia...it has at least be open for more Chinese influence, which is hardly possible at its current state.
Railway Explained can you make a video of rail transport which is done from Turkey through Georgia and Azerbaijan through Caspian sea by feri and than Kazakhstan and finally China İs it cost efficient transport and all that kind of stuff?
it is very complicated route, that is around 2 times more costly than a route through Kazahstan and Russia. It can be useful in some situations and must be present as an alternative for china, just to prevent russian monopoly on the railways (which arises naturaly due to geography and infrastructure). So this way is more political than economical.
We are mainly engaged in railway transportation from Chengdu, Wuhan, Xi'an, China to Europe, Central Asia, Belarus, and Moscow. Of course, we are also looking for long-term partners who can help us transport wood from Minsk or Moscow to China.
We are mainly engaged in railway transportation from Chengdu, Wuhan, Xi'an, China to Europe, Central Asia, Belarus, and Moscow. Of course, we are also looking for long-term partners who can help us transport wood from Minsk or Moscow to China.
so if the trains leaving china to only have 1 empty to get subsidies then how are all the empties gonna get back to where they are needed to get refilled? l guess they must be putting the empties on ships for the return trip cos it would be alot cheaper than running trains full of empties
The belt and road initiative will, indeed, create more influence in other countries but will that be influence over or influence with? I think there's a profound difference between the two, one is domination and the other is co-operation.
Africa must look inwards if it's to develop a railway system. We must be a steel producer or become steel independent. Africa should be able to present a robust way to internally raise funding for railway projects. Sourcing materials internally outside of the dollar would make the project very cheap compared to other options and then Africa should look to partners who are willing to invest in developing the railway system, technology and talent. Africa needs a robust railway system.
Given that Asian countries are rising in economic growth and influence and will likely overtake Europe in the next few decades it is important to establish these links not only for freight but also need to increase in passenger travel aswell despite the many borders that it goes through. It can also lead to much needed development from Eastern Europe to central Asia
Africa must understand that the us and the eu are fellow competitors who will not allow Africa to assume a economic powerhouse position which the railway system can boost.
No we aren't loosing. In RCEP it contains elements like free trade. India already has free trade agreement with ASEAN . If india will open free traid for china and japan they will mass dump their product and will have less price hence it will choke the neck of indian growing companies. Like for example today we see L&T in all major projects but before chinese comanies were given tender will ultimately lead to giving up US dollars to china. And India and Russia are eager to sign free trade agreement aming india and USSR countries. India is itself building networks like in Iran and in Srilanka with Japan. U should follow World Affairs channel by prashant dhawan. And also BRI passes through POK even after knowing its situation china did it intensionally. Today bcz if these projects pak, srilanka, and african countries are in huge debt like hamantota port given ti china for 99 years and gwadar ports in pak which is eradicating local fishing and other activities. India didn't need to sign it bcz here we see china will emerge as the major exporter whereas india itself is pursuing that goal.
Good video, but what I missed a bit was an actual price comparison (prices before subsidies) between the different modes of transportation. If unsubsidized railway cargo is substantially more expensive than seaborne cargo, I think the economic viability would be much lower already (at least for the entire route).
It is more expensive. But it is expensive because of the costs of organisation of railway traffic. If you manage to remove some obstacles that cause high costs, the final price will go down. In addition, there is the factor of travel time, which can move some freight from air and sea traffic. Simply put, by investing in infrastructure and using unified approach towards the management of the corridor (in terms of faster border control, unified rules and procedures, modern IT tools for traffic organisation and paperwork etc etc), the final price will go down and the travel time will become much more attractive!
@@RailwaysExplained I think we should also take into account that in some countries, also the infrastructure use is heavily subsidized. However, as is also mentioned in the video, I do think railway cargo would be a good option to export goods from Western China.
Pasenger trains not logistics train freight at that speed does not make a whole lot of sense because of the air resistance and the higher energy consumption and a lot of dead weight
Un progetto magnifico quello dei Cinesi che bisogna caldeggiare e stimolare. La sua realizzazione sarebbe un colpo da maestro per stimolare l'economia di molti paesi che la ferrovia attraversa.
The current rail freight capacity across the Eurasian landmass hasn't hit the most optimum capacity in comparison with the Class A trains in North America. Those Class A operators could hit a maximum speed up to 100 mile per hour or 160 km ph. Hence even achieving an average speed of 80 kmph, the trip to EU could be reduced to 7/10 days. This will practically kill the air cargo sector since the average time needed is about 5 days by air. The other problem is the general length of train terminal in most EU ports is less than 800 m in comparison with 5 km long train in North America. Another it is noted that the Polish port of Gdansk can handle train up to 3.5 km long. Let's wait for this to happen and see the impact on the modes of transportation in this sector.
Türkye (Istanbul) belong to NATO, it could be more in the Path to the Central-Western Europe without going back to the East and wasting time for the Russia (Moscow) Direction...Video 0:21 with a MAP: What a Appendix.
Pakistan railways and China railway should extend CPEC rail link to Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan. So that Pakistan railways could connect to Europe and Russia.
well even though I don’t think the Indian gov is right on most things but I agree RCEP is not great for India. Comparing to other countries in Asia, India doesn’t have many advantages in exports. Your gov tried to have others agree on India exporting custom service but didn’t succeed. Without that, I don’t see many benefits from RCEP. It's hard to keep foreign investment and build up made in India at the same time because others just want to sell products. China went through that route and it was very rough. I think if Modi chose that way he would be voted out very soon.
@@stuckathome068 i feel that India is not incapable of competing, but unwilling to compete. There are no shortage of manufacturing in India, they have protected market at home, and have no incentive to innovate nor seek market abroad. How can a democracy be so catered to a small minority of businessmen instead of the vast majority of consumers? They, the consumers surely will benefit from the competitions from abroad. The industries at home? A kick on the rear is long overdue.
@@madsam0320 that's the shortcoming of democracy: unable to execute long-term plans when it's hard at first. If domestic companies went bankrupt on large scale in competitions, the workers lose their jobs and would definitely vote out whoever introduced foreign products. When China first opened its economy, the local brands were mostly destroyed simply because foreign products were cheaper and better. If they were able to vote I'm sure its economy would have closed again and the ruling party would have changed. If u check their online posts back for even just ten years u would see the Chinese were really criticizing CCP for a long time. Of course, it worked after a few decades when they got time to learn new techs and went from straight copying to innovations, but, it was definitely rough at first. That's why I think it's not that easy for India to do the same. Democracy has its pros and cons, I'm afraid it's one of the cons.
@@stuckathome068 India needs to sacrifice inefficient industries and protect future-growth industries. * Sacrifice inefficient industries - China killed a lot of state-owned enterprise in the 1990s (esp. in non-sensitive industries) * Protect future-growth industries - China subsidized solar panel manufacturing and semiconductor in the 2010s I am not familiar with India's manufacturing, but I can tell you China actually let most of its old state-owned manufacturing industry die. The old state-owned manufacturing used to be concentrated in the Northeast (Manchuria), but most of those provinces are considered "rust belt" now because the govt let private competition outcompete them in the 1990s and 00s.
8:11 Technically Xinjiang is not a province but an "Uyghur autonomous region". I'm not here to express any political ideology but as a Mainland Chinese I feel compelled to make it clear. EDIT: wait did you just call it right on 9:09 😂
Railway is the foundation for the belt and road initiative. Along with the physical belt and road do a video on the financial electronic belt and road. The foundation of this is the DCEP. The digital currency electronic payment system. This circumvents the US SWIFT society of world interbank financial telecommunications system that allows the US to see every transaction over $10,000. I know it’s not railway but a very interesting topic.
Please consider reverting your pronunciation of 'route' to what used to be (?) correct - thus as in blue, not as in tout (which seems to be a fashion thing). Do you know the song Route 66 by Nat King Cole? Hear his pronunciation on YT dCYApJtsyd0
One is British pronunciation and the other American. Maybe we should just use the British pronunciation since this project has nothing to do with America.
Thank you for this video. The more I learn about the BRI the more I see it as a Chinese investment in the future. And in future China will become a lot of problems, because the Western countries will not stay calm and just look at the reduction of their market share. I was stuck by the information about the subsidized empty containers. People are greedy for money. When they start to be greedy for good environment, for saving water, for healthy foods, for a happy neighbor, etc, it will be the real progress. 18:13 the picture is showing Hu Jintao, Jiang Zemin -obviously it can´t be 2018.
At least one-third of China's ambitious Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) projects have run into major implementation problems due to factors such as corruption scandals, labour violations, environmental hazards, and public protests, Radio Free Asia reported citing a study by AidData.
@@RailwaysExplained The topic is not my cup of tea, I like your videos about construction of rail and bridges much more. Thank you for your quality content. Looking forward to your next one!
One major reason of Chinese economic growth is that the Chinese citizens are not only working for wages and profits, they are striving for the dignity of the Chinese civilization. That's drastically different from western countries.
Well, as one article says, India isn't officially and diplomatically supporting BRI (which is understandable because of territorial disputes with China and Pakistan), however, on the other side, India is definitelly included in certain activities regarding the BRI. The main being the fact that India is 2nd largest stakeholder in Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) which is among main funders of BRI. Also, last few years we saw growth of Chinese investments in India, which is also a part of BRI politics of China.
@Finn Hansen I don't think it was a mistake as it resulted in heavy funding by Japanese at better intrest($ 15 billion for bullet train at 0.1 % 50 year repayment) rates than the funding given by china( around 2-3 % intrest in CPEC.) to the countries in BRI.
@Finn Hansen But I don't think china will share their technology on the level Japan is doing to a country with which they have border disputes with.Also As seen in CPEC majority of construction contract went to chinese companies but in indian bullet train project majority of construction contract (72%) went to indian companies. Also the loan was approved in 2019 and ground work started in October 2020 which is good speed considering Indian burocraccy.
Well, you know, the reason India and China remained separate all this time is because of that huuuuuge mountain range in between. Building a railway from China to India would be hugely expensive. Like, are they going to punch a hole through Mount Everest? It makes sense for that part of the trade to be by sea. Also, can you imagine how people in India will start to chew off the heads of everyone in charge if China were to attempt to build so many railways inside of India, using Chinese companies? Those companies would get kicked out at the next election.
40 empties and 1 loaded!!!!! that is CURRUPTION!!! the biggest problems with China is that the logistics to move things to the coast is good but to teh west is horrible. Almost all of their rail lines go from north to south and they have horrific internal multimodel logistics!!!! and when i say horrible i mean horrible. So they need to build more multimodel transport facilties and more east to west rail lines!!! the other problem is the countries along the way also have horible model and rail logistic centers that deal with goods besides oil/gas!!! If this was improved it would be less to ship goods!!!
@TricycleRaider u should think before u type - u sound rediculous, but inm going to do u the favor of not responding to no more of ur unedjucated posts!!
China's large East-West railway will certainly cross the desert or plateau. It is very difficult and expensive to build. In addition, the population in Western China is very small, so there is little demand in Western China. Although the southeast of China is a mountainous area, the population is very large, the cities are very dense, and there are many trade ports, so the railway network is still dense. Most of the East-West railways are under construction, because in fact, most of the North-South railways were built in the last 30 years, and they are more important than the East-West railways. For this reason, the East-West railways are less than the North-South railways.
the BRI is tainted by its politics and debt servitude( countries get loans that they can't pay and then have to give china something). usually all loans come with strings attached such as no criticism of china human rights abuses. the BRI is a good idea ( and not a new one though), but its attached to chinas politics which is going to cause conflict ( especially in the light of covid). You could do a follow up of the TAR which covers this area( via rail)
China has basically no real competition on loan handouts. IMF and World Bank's historical loan terms are worse. * austerity (kill all social programs) - e.g. Greece * liberalization of domestic industries (let foreign corps kill local industry) - e.g. Latin America US/EU should step their game.
@@voidvector China has basically no real competition on loan handouts. IMF and World Bank's historical loan terms are worse. When was the last time you heard the IMF or UN take over a countries assets? or hold them to such unreasonable terms that they couldn't be challenged such as no critiscim allowed?? China doesn't do loan handouts - it does debt handouts, as many countries are now finding out . when was the last time you heard the UN attempt to take over land belonging to other countries?? NEVER. when was the last time you heard the UN/IMF supress scientific data to help fight the COVID ?? never, but chinas stooge in the WHO( who wasn't even medicallly qualified deliberately put china politics over the well being of the world) the WORLD has no real competition on the low levels china will stoop to for money.
Would love to one day see a freight train running a continuous, unbroken route on standard gauge (1435mm) from China 🇨🇳 to Europe 🇪🇺 either through four rail dual gauge (1435+1520) between Western China and Iran 🇮🇷 or three rail dual gauge through Pakistan 🇵🇰 (1435+1676).
There's already a proposal to restart Islamabad, Tehran, Istanbul (or Pakistan, Iran, Turkey) railway.... Only problem is US sanctions on Iran which won't let us do business with Iran.
Variable gauge train, let's go!
China has already realized the running gauge change for hsr, I think make it available to heavy duty trains are not that far.
@@arminius6506 "us" is Pakistan in this case?
China Europe Trains for cargo have been running for years n are main conduit during the pandemic when flights stopped.
Silk Road 2.0! Great productions from railway engineering point of view. Keep it up!
Thank you 😎
@Thatcher Amari This is a scam guys
@@jdamsel8212 Finally, someone sane in this whole video's comment section.
If I could rate your IQ I would say your IQ is at least 160 and everyone else's IQ is at least an 80 because deep down inside this whole scheme all is inserting dominance over everyone else and take over the world like the Communist scumbags they are.
If CO2, SOx and NOx emissions were priced fairly, the marine route would have no chance in competing with electrified Eurasian Land Bridge route.
Exactly. The same goes for any railway service compared to road, air or maritime traffic. We call it "external costs" and already there are some groups pushing for its inclusion in all transport costs. When that happens, railways are back on the track 😊
No way. A ship can carry 20,000 containers, while a train can only carry tens of containers. The train uses coal or electricity derived mostly from coal. Cargo train is a good supplement, but not an substitute.
@@hamydunn9183 Even in Russia, the grid is only 17 % coal. Rest is natural gas, nuclear and hydro.
@@hamydunn9183 I've checked and apparently ships are around 5x more energy-efficient, so maybe if the grid is like 50% renewable and the rest is mostly natural gas and some coal the trains could be more environmentally friendly even from co2 perspective, without considering bad quality fuel used by container ships.
@@hamydunn9183 again you should also consider the time it needed per travel, longer travel affect the economic mobility, surely there is additional carbon footprint for each additional days (this is just me blurting out, someone smarter than me would be able to calculate it better). But yes I agree multi-transport mode is complementary.
Another great video. Amazing idea. You presented a new perspective of Belt and Road Initiative by explaining role of railways within this initiative. Just keep going!
Thank you sir 😎
The Americans will do every thing in their power to make sure this don't happen. Eurasia railways will spur economic booms from Asia to Europe, America will have no part in this economic boom. China and Eu are two America's biggest rivals, this railway will strengthen two of its biggest rivals.
It is logical for them to do so. US's strength is ocean going trade, because it has easy access two oceans. Preventing major world trade from turn into land-based would be in its best interest.
The 21st century belongs to Eurasia and there's nothing they can do to prevent it.
@@beyfanz5307
at best it is a disputed lands. Before the brits came, the border between China and India never demarcated officially. In fact, before the british came, there was no such thing as India. There were kingdoms and empires in South Asia, which the brits unified under its rule.
The british unilaterally demarcated the border with China, which China never accepted. When the brits left India, India thought they could inherit the british legacy, but India isn't british empire.
India missed the chance to solve this peacefully when Zhou Enlai offered Nehru a deal which India would have gotten the bigger portion of the land. Nehru, felt confident after kicking out Portuguese from Goa, rejected the offer and instead chose the military option, the forward policy which ended in India's defeat. China could have taken all lands at that time, but instead China chose to retreat to the previous territory it held.
Now I'm not sure if Zhou's offer is still on the table. I see no reason why China should offer bigger portion to India.
@@beyfanz5307
if China really wanted to capture Arunachal Pradesh to cut off North East from India, China wouldn't retreat back after defeating India in the war. There was practically nothing to stop China at that time.
@@beyfanz5307
TH-cam is hardly a reliable source for this. When is India going to release its own Henderson Brooks-Bhagat Report to the public? Why hide it?
The most comprehensive description of the Silk roads trains. I love it!
I hope Africa will have something similar in the future.
Thank you :)
We already do
The British did build a railway from north to south of Africa but unfortunately there is not much inter continental trade in Africa.
We already have Luxury trains that cross between Namibia to South Africa and Tanzania to South Africa.
Plenty of cargo trains as well in like 15 African countries
@@millevenon5853 which luxury trains are you talking about? South African railways are in dire collapse and the only luxury train still in operation is the blue train.
"The eyes of history are on this appointment." - Buttigeig
1964 Japan's first bullet trains were put in service and the the first Beatles album was released.
1998 China started the construction of 36,000km of high speed railways and high speed trains.
2020 US still has NO high speed railway and NO high speed trains.
I think this maybe done on purpose, get the populace buying their own cars thus propping up that industry and the petrol, but then others started making cars better.... way better and this is where it goes a bit shit faced. They still need a fuel though. I could be well off but it does seem odd to spend masses on arms ( MIC controls the government? ) and not to build much infrastructure to help your populace that ultimately helps the nation.
@@Helghast73 The main reason why the U.S. railway system does not upgrade is due to the obstacles caused by the traditional automobile manufacturing industry. At the same time, long-distance travel in the United States mainly depends on aviation. On the other hand, the cost of building a railway is very high and the construction time is relatively long. In addition, the existing railway system is still sufficient. Therefore, the United States is a road + air transportation network.
@@zhu_zi4533 As China has proved, the cost isn’t massive and it doesn’t take that long. But i suppose it will take money away from some industries ( they no doubt being car and petrol have massive shouts in the senate ) yet pump money into others 🤷🏻♂️
@@Helghast73 Yes, so it's not cost-effective to build a railway. It's going to hit the U.S. auto industry.
And for China... Anyway, there was no traditional automobile industry in China, and it's not reliable to use road network transportation in the southern mountainous areas (unless you want to practice turning skills on mountain roads, which are so many turns that you can get dizzy) (And if there is a landslide or a car accident, the whole road will be blocked, and it will take at least 3 hours to reopen)
The US built interstate roads though. The problem is, it was decided back then that US would focus on building roads to accomodate their massive oil industries and auto industries in addition, instead of interstates railroad, which is pretty weird I say, considering that when we think of all the wild west movies they always potray US as a country with lots of trains.
Very informative. Thank you. PS: China developed a variable gouge train that can cross countries with different railway standards without the need to switch trains.
They stole that idea from Spain.
Soviet Union and later Russia also had multi gauge rolling stock developments
@@bushranger51 Yeah, but now they have BRI to support the whole vision that could benefit all countries that involve in this plan.
@@bushranger51
But who did Spain steal it from?
@@bushranger51 Actually, they also shot the family they stole from, so technically a robbery..
Great video! Looking forward for more international project stuff. Really interesting to see railway transport develop; maybe as time goes on we'll get a high speed line between Europe, Moscow and China, lol. I'd be the first one to hop on a 5 night train to Beijing
Yeah. I agree with you. Maybe.they can try to make a video about Trans-siberian railway line or about Ten-T networks In Europe.
Sounds interesting indeed 😊 who knows what future (and globalization) brings!
@@johnjones8979 be sure those two will be covered on our channel 😎
That would be great. High speed lines tourism among the countries involved.
@@limitlesssky3050 a true orient express.
Haha in one of the maps ~4:00 my country (Tajikistan) is shown to be part of China. We are not that significant but not yet part of China. I think it's a popular map since I have seen it a couple of times, but just wanted to point it out.
Haha, we just noticed that! No intention to do anything bad, sorry! 😊
@@RailwaysExplained its cool, I dont mind. Map makers got lazy a bit haha.
Gosh, I noticed that several times and even Taiwanese media (they're literally claiming they're the real "China") used that wrong map... whoever designed that map at the beginning should be seriously blamed....
Kyrgyzstan is gone as well
Again at @11:25! LoL. Ridiculous as it sounds, doesn't the CCP claim Tajikistan as a whole?
Great, detailed and we'll done video!
Would be interesting to see a similar video on the container rail network in the USA.
It's a complex and greatly used rail network which deserves your attention.
Look forward in seeing it in future.
Thank you Frank!
Linking China and Europe via Iran is so important for the stabilization of Middle Eastern Countries which have been play-things of European colonial powers since 1918: Best wishes to China with these projects
[15:10] 8225 trains@2019 and 12400 trains @2020 1135000 TEU 2020年中欧班列累计开行1.24万列,运送113.5万标箱，
I was learning railway (HSR, more specifically) in bachelor, I found it boring and change the major in Master. However, your video is really impressive and inspire some of my curiosity. Thank you for you good work and keep it up.
Thank you, we're glad you like it. 🙂
As what latham cole said in the lone ranger movie, who controls the railway has the power, but china does not control all the railway networks. The challenge for china is the collaboration and cooperation between countries for the extensive and efficient use of the networks. As china grows into consumer market economy, the more products will be pumped into china and the more railway will be connected to this network.
Great video! I would like to point out the locations of Chongqing and Chengdu at 16:50 are wrong.
Great Insight And Thank You!🙏👍🙂
The map on 2:24 is inaccurate because Taiwan belonged to Qing China and was only cut into Japan as a result of the first Sino-Japanese War in 1895.
I don't care about Taiwan's sovereignty but I felt appalled when they claimed this project to be a failure. I mean obviously, cuz they're not the one to benefit from it.
Is Marmaray project a part of BRI?
China: Belt and Road Initiative
USA: Bomb and Repression Initiative
Better then debt enslavement. At least it's a quick death
@@bedhestda Debt is owned by mostly the west plus is never forgiven.
Is this still ongoing or has it stopped in 2022?
Is there any chance of them turning these into High Speed Freight lines... I see in Italy they have almost doubled the normal speed of freight (from 80 to 165kmh) and China has started looking at making smaller in land routes High Speed. I'd love too see what else you can find.
19:03 hey a greek OSE electric locomotive, didn't expect to see that in this video.
It would be nice if they included passenger high speed rails along with the freight railways.
People will prefer flying for such long distances. Passenger trains would be good idea if there was high population density throughout the route.
Wow! I enjoy every video of you guys. Keep it going 👍
Thank you!! 🤠
Nice one. Enjoyed it 🔥
The US had been using the heavy combined locomotives to haul heavy loads including up to thousand of containers across North America at speed up to 160 km per hour; though there is a restriction on speed when the trains approach town limits. Hence, higher speed beyond the current average speed of 40 kmph will definitely make the trans-Eurasian railway links a reality. With HSR, Beijing-Moscow at 350 kmph would mean daily trip is possible!! Though for freight train at 160 kmph would mean 2 day-trip. At such delivery time, air freight across this region would be meaningless because of the cost disadvantage!
What about the Wiyu- London railway line
to the UK?
Map is not very accurate but this video is still pretty good containing lots of information. It is too bad the track systems are different which seems creating big pain and extra cost. I'd like to see more explanations on this and some discussions about possible solutions. BRI for sure needs all countries buy-ins and it seems a great project that can produce long-term prosperity for all.
Once there is enough traffic on the track, it will become profitable to replace old tracks with standard gauge and other standards. Until then, using 'variable gauge train' might be only alternative.
Yup, ©hina occupied T!bet, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Uigharistan, Inner Mongolia, Aksai Hind, Taiwan etc.
Freedom to all of these countries from Hyena.
Great video, a lot of interesting data...
Thank you.
Wish the Western Europe will corporate and work with China and get the rails connectivity complete, and the introduction of HSR and reduce the fossil fuel flight. This will make land travel more interesting and green.
Excellent vidéo well explained and documented. To me it seems almost impossible to have a competitive freight price against Ocean transportation from China to Europe without subside. So, development of Silk Road initiative is intended to increase trading according to China, with countries along all the new routes. It also strategically a way of China to be closer to Europe in case of conflicts !
US and others keep spoiling and making BRI sounds scary. Because they are missing out on the trade. Just like another businessman, not located in the biznes zone making noises to prevent others from doing biznes
Basically any maritime country that cannot reasonably connect to the BRI rail network will complain. The SEA countries, Australia, and all the Americas will miss out if trade goes inland.
The US should start its own Belt and Road Initiative with South America. It could start with something as fundamental as linking the Darien Gap in Panama.
@@enduser8410 BRI projects didn't leave ASEAN out. Ideally a Kunming - Singapore HSR will be built via one of the three routes through either Malaysia, Thailand or Vietnam. But the geopolitics is tricky to work out. Indonesia has got its share of Chinese HSR, it's feasible for the Pinoys to get some too. The Laos - China (Boten - Vientiane) railway has been under construction for several years and will be good to go by the end of this year. The work on Kunming - Yangon HSR resumed in 2019, but current unrest in Myanmar makes the situation murky. Australia...it has at least be open for more Chinese influence, which is hardly possible at its current state.
Railway Explained can you make a video of rail transport which is done from Turkey through Georgia and Azerbaijan through Caspian sea by feri and than Kazakhstan and finally China
İs it cost efficient transport and all that kind of stuff?
it is very complicated route, that is around 2 times more costly than a route through Kazahstan and Russia. It can be useful in some situations and must be present as an alternative for china, just to prevent russian monopoly on the railways (which arises naturaly due to geography and infrastructure). So this way is more political than economical.
If you let them they'll build a high speed rail line to Paris.
Your reading of the "fasten your seatbelts" bit at the start is just comedy gold. Great work and love the videos.
We are mainly engaged in railway transportation from Chengdu, Wuhan, Xi'an, China to Europe, Central Asia, Belarus, and Moscow. Of course, we are also looking for long-term partners who can help us transport wood from Minsk or Moscow to China.
How is security of the train and goods ensured?
We are mainly engaged in railway transportation from Chengdu, Wuhan, Xi'an, China to Europe, Central Asia, Belarus, and Moscow. Of course, we are also looking for long-term partners who can help us transport wood from Minsk or Moscow to China.
so if the trains leaving china to only have 1 empty to get subsidies then how are all the empties gonna get back to where they are needed to get refilled?
l guess they must be putting the empties on ships for the return trip cos it would be alot cheaper than running trains full of empties
Excellent video!
Thank you . You have done your homework. Good job.
6:10 when your battery is dying XD
But seriously, Great video, thank you for sharing
Haha, sharp eye! 😁
The belt and road initiative will, indeed, create more influence in other countries but will that be influence over or influence with? I think there's a profound difference between the two, one is domination and the other is co-operation.
You really need to adjust your gain (or buy a filter). Good Video.
How come the BRI have corridors in every countries in the euroasia landmasses apart from India?
India-China relations are not good, hopefully in the future relations will improve, coz the Indian market is losing out on a huge opportunity
Africa must look inwards if it's to develop a railway system. We must be a steel producer or become steel independent. Africa should be able to present a robust way to internally raise funding for railway projects. Sourcing materials internally outside of the dollar would make the project very cheap compared to other options and then Africa should look to partners who are willing to invest in developing the railway system, technology and talent. Africa needs a robust railway system.
Great plan contributes a great country.
Its amazing how rail system boosts the economy of a nation that is why africa doesn't have a comprehensive railway system.
Given that Asian countries are rising in economic growth and influence and will likely overtake Europe in the next few decades it is important to establish these links not only for freight but also need to increase in passenger travel aswell despite the many borders that it goes through. It can also lead to much needed development from Eastern Europe to central Asia
Africa must understand that the us and the eu are fellow competitors who will not allow Africa to assume a economic powerhouse position which the railway system can boost.
air transport from AP region to the EU does not take 5-9 days.
Someday in the future, I want to see a railway system connecting my hometown in Java Island to Mainland Eurasia through Sumatra Island and Singapore
That's not going to be happened
WE SHOULD INCLUDE BHARAT IN ONE ROAD ONE BELT PROJECT
India and Indian is too arrogant
Baklol hai kya
No we aren't loosing. In RCEP it contains elements like free trade. India already has free trade agreement with ASEAN . If india will open free traid for china and japan they will mass dump their product and will have less price hence it will choke the neck of indian growing companies. Like for example today we see L&T in all major projects but before chinese comanies were given tender will ultimately lead to giving up US dollars to china. And India and Russia are eager to sign free trade agreement aming india and USSR countries. India is itself building networks like in Iran and in Srilanka with Japan. U should follow World Affairs channel by prashant dhawan. And also BRI passes through POK even after knowing its situation china did it intensionally. Today bcz if these projects pak, srilanka, and african countries are in huge debt like hamantota port given ti china for 99 years and gwadar ports in pak which is eradicating local fishing and other activities. India didn't need to sign it bcz here we see china will emerge as the major exporter whereas india itself is pursuing that goal.
Good video, but what I missed a bit was an actual price comparison (prices before subsidies) between the different modes of transportation. If unsubsidized railway cargo is substantially more expensive than seaborne cargo, I think the economic viability would be much lower already (at least for the entire route).
It is more expensive. But it is expensive because of the costs of organisation of railway traffic. If you manage to remove some obstacles that cause high costs, the final price will go down.
In addition, there is the factor of travel time, which can move some freight from air and sea traffic. Simply put, by investing in infrastructure and using unified approach towards the management of the corridor (in terms of faster border control, unified rules and procedures, modern IT tools for traffic organisation and paperwork etc etc), the final price will go down and the travel time will become much more attractive!
@@RailwaysExplained I think we should also take into account that in some countries, also the infrastructure use is heavily subsidized. However, as is also mentioned in the video, I do think railway cargo would be a good option to export goods from Western China.
@@anonomia5535 exactly.
strategically, China is at an absolute disadvantage in the sea. In case of conflict, this complex and fragile sea passage is easy to be blocked.
@@zhu_zi4533 Sure, but a railway passage is also easily blocked. Although I guess having more routes is always safer.
Hi, could you make a video about Rail Baltica? hvala :)
China have developed professional 360 kilometres/hour high speed logistics trains
Pasenger trains not logistics train freight at that speed does not make a whole lot of sense because of the air resistance and the higher energy consumption and a lot of dead weight
There are some of us who are working out something to pull Africa out of the rail stoneage. It must be done.
good video!
Thank you
Great video
Un progetto magnifico quello dei Cinesi che bisogna caldeggiare e stimolare. La sua realizzazione sarebbe un colpo da maestro per stimolare l'economia di molti paesi che la ferrovia attraversa.
Il nostro paese in particolare può e deve sfruttare appieno le vie marittime
Roads, Rail Bridges Hospitals Schools are Needed. For Peace and Prosperity for All.
The current rail freight capacity across the Eurasian landmass hasn't hit the most optimum capacity in comparison with the Class A trains in North America. Those Class A operators could hit a maximum speed up to 100 mile per hour or 160 km ph. Hence even achieving an average speed of 80 kmph, the trip to EU could be reduced to 7/10 days. This will practically kill the air cargo sector since the average time needed is about 5 days by air. The other problem is the general length of train terminal in most EU ports is less than 800 m in comparison with 5 km long train in North America. Another it is noted that the Polish port of Gdansk can handle train up to 3.5 km long. Let's wait for this to happen and see the impact on the modes of transportation in this sector.
Türkye (Istanbul) belong to NATO, it could be more in the Path to the Central-Western Europe without going back to the East and wasting time for the Russia (Moscow) Direction...Video 0:21 with a MAP: What a Appendix.
18:35 A fairly rigorous map of China🙂
Great video ,btw the map of india I. Your video shows full kasmir in india except cok
Very interesting!
Well for your info Bangladesh Myanmar india and China economic corridor and the port devlopment in kolkata port is scraped by indian gov way back 😇.
india very poor ..no trade
Pakistan railways and China railway should extend CPEC rail link to Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan.
So that Pakistan railways could connect to Europe and Russia.
As an Indian I feel we are losing out so much by being out of BRI as well as RCEP.
well even though I don’t think the Indian gov is right on most things but I agree RCEP is not great for India. Comparing to other countries in Asia, India doesn’t have many advantages in exports. Your gov tried to have others agree on India exporting custom service but didn’t succeed. Without that, I don’t see many benefits from RCEP. It's hard to keep foreign investment and build up made in India at the same time because others just want to sell products. China went through that route and it was very rough. I think if Modi chose that way he would be voted out very soon.
@@stuckathome068 i feel that India is not incapable of competing, but unwilling to compete.
There are no shortage of manufacturing in India, they have protected market at home, and have no incentive to innovate nor seek market abroad. How can a democracy be so catered to a small minority of businessmen instead of the vast majority of consumers?
They, the consumers surely will benefit from the competitions from abroad. The industries at home? A kick on the rear is long overdue.
@@madsam0320 that's the shortcoming of democracy: unable to execute long-term plans when it's hard at first.
If domestic companies went bankrupt on large scale in competitions, the workers lose their jobs and would definitely vote out whoever introduced foreign products. When China first opened its economy, the local brands were mostly destroyed simply because foreign products were cheaper and better. If they were able to vote I'm sure its economy would have closed again and the ruling party would have changed. If u check their online posts back for even just ten years u would see the Chinese were really criticizing CCP for a long time.
Of course, it worked after a few decades when they got time to learn new techs and went from straight copying to innovations, but, it was definitely rough at first. That's why I think it's not that easy for India to do the same. Democracy has its pros and cons, I'm afraid it's one of the cons.
As a Chinese, we always say that door is always open:)
@@stuckathome068 India needs to sacrifice inefficient industries and protect future-growth industries.
* Sacrifice inefficient industries - China killed a lot of state-owned enterprise in the 1990s (esp. in non-sensitive industries)
* Protect future-growth industries - China subsidized solar panel manufacturing and semiconductor in the 2010s
I am not familiar with India's manufacturing, but I can tell you China actually let most of its old state-owned manufacturing industry die. The old state-owned manufacturing used to be concentrated in the Northeast (Manchuria), but most of those provinces are considered "rust belt" now because the govt let private competition outcompete them in the 1990s and 00s.
There is a big mistake. The silk and road was mainly flourished in Tang dynasty. Yuan dynasty ruled by Mongolian was mainly war not trade.
There were significant ocean going trade during the Yuan dynasty. Both Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta used the sea route during that time.
China: Open for business for all
Smart Countries: Count us in!
Jealous US:. It's a threat to the world!
US Lapdogs: No it's a threat to the world!
No iron ore for steel bat road,what a ridiculous nation
More videos please. Any railway topic would be good, but especially those relating to future builds. Incl underground railways.
8:11
Technically Xinjiang is not a province but an "Uyghur autonomous region".
I'm not here to express any political ideology but as a Mainland Chinese I feel compelled to make it clear.
EDIT: wait did you just call it right on 9:09 😂
haha, well, yes. thank you for clarification anyway :)
Railway is the foundation for the belt and road initiative. Along with the physical belt and road do a video on the financial electronic belt and road. The foundation of this is the DCEP. The digital currency electronic payment system. This circumvents the US SWIFT society of world interbank financial telecommunications system that allows the US to see every transaction over $10,000. I know it’s not railway but a very interesting topic.
Please consider reverting your pronunciation of 'route' to what used to be (?) correct - thus as in blue, not as in tout (which seems to be a fashion thing). Do you know the song Route 66 by Nat King Cole? Hear his pronunciation on YT dCYApJtsyd0
One is British pronunciation and the other American.
Maybe we should just use the British pronunciation since this project has nothing to do with America.
Thank you for this video. The more I learn about the BRI the more I see it as a Chinese investment in the future. And in future China will become a lot of problems, because the Western countries will not stay calm and just look at the reduction of their market share.
I was stuck by the information about the subsidized empty containers. People are greedy for money. When they start to be greedy for good environment, for saving water, for healthy foods, for a happy neighbor, etc, it will be the real progress. 18:13 the picture is showing Hu Jintao, Jiang Zemin -obviously it can´t be 2018.
Thank you for sharing your thoughts and opinion! 😊 Yes, regarding the picture, we don't know those details, but anyway, the picture is simbolic 😊
It will be a problem only if western countries focus on their western dominance. When they learn to let go, then China will stop being a problem.
@@limitlesssky3050 This is it.
@@RailwaysExplained the picture, with Hu in the middle and Xi at the side but not too far, should be taken during 2nd term of Hu, which is 2007 -2012
the belt and railo will be build from europe to chinas and the middle east eu china
present India's map properly. 4:02.
WE SHOULD INVEST HEAVILY ON TRANS ASIAN RAILWAY
Make a video about the missleaded railway infrastructure in Germany.
Nice and cool 👍👍
Political upheaval Indeed. The war btw Russia and Ukraine must have undoubtedly affects those routes passing through Russia.
12:30 Kyrgyzstan and Tadjikistan erased!
😂😂
Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan Already Annexed by China and Used As a Province in China
Lol, the biggest advantage of these trains are that they are immune from US navy.
There is no project with india in belt and road project
India does not want to be part?
@@fleyua7176 just because india know the consequences or what gonna happen it become a part of this project ( like a debt trap
WE SHOULD INVEST HEAVILY ON TRANS ASIAN RAILWAY IF WE WANT TO BE SUPER POWER UPTO 2047
Watching this in 2022 wondering what affect the Russian invasion of Ukraine has had🤔
At least one-third of China's ambitious Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) projects have run into major implementation problems due to factors such as corruption scandals, labour violations, environmental hazards, and public protests, Radio Free Asia reported citing a study by AidData.
Not one of my favorite videos of yours but still good.
The topic is not your cup of tea or the video is too long? 😁 We like to see your comment anyway! 😊 Stay tuned, next one coming soon.
@@RailwaysExplained The topic is not my cup of tea, I like your videos about construction of rail and bridges much more.
Thank you for your quality content.
Looking forward to your next one!
sorry but empty containers are normal since during the suez canal blockage most factory was run out of empty containers.
WE SHOULD INVEST HEAVILY ON TRANS ASIAN RAILWAY IF WE WANT TO BE SUPER POWER UP TO 2047.....
One major reason of Chinese economic growth is that the Chinese citizens are not only working for wages and profits, they are striving for the dignity of the Chinese civilization. That's drastically different from western countries.
Plz sir show the correct map of India
🚂🚃💨🎶 🤔
Shut up , India in not involve in this project
You need revise your resources. India is not a partner BRI
Well, as one article says, India isn't officially and diplomatically supporting BRI (which is understandable because of territorial disputes with China and Pakistan), however, on the other side, India is definitelly included in certain activities regarding the BRI. The main being the fact that India is 2nd largest stakeholder in Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) which is among main funders of BRI. Also, last few years we saw growth of Chinese investments in India, which is also a part of BRI politics of China.
@@RailwaysExplained India is totally out of BRI and RCEP . Recently they invited india again in RCEP but India denied. Good for India.
Is India included ??
@Finn Hansen I don't think it was a mistake as it resulted in heavy funding by Japanese at better intrest($ 15 billion for bullet train at 0.1 % 50 year repayment) rates than the funding given by china( around 2-3 % intrest in CPEC.) to the countries in BRI.
@Finn Hansen But I don't think china will share their technology on the level Japan is doing to a country with which they have border disputes with.Also As seen in CPEC majority of construction contract went to chinese companies but in indian bullet train project majority of construction contract (72%) went to indian companies. Also the loan was approved in 2019 and ground work started in October 2020 which is good speed considering Indian burocraccy.
@Finn Hansen original deadline was dec 2023 but will be delayed atleast around 6 months due to covid-19. It's a 500 km stretch.
@Finn Hansen Thanks Mate.
Well, you know, the reason India and China remained separate all this time is because of that huuuuuge mountain range in between. Building a railway from China to India would be hugely expensive. Like, are they going to punch a hole through Mount Everest? It makes sense for that part of the trade to be by sea. Also, can you imagine how people in India will start to chew off the heads of everyone in charge if China were to attempt to build so many railways inside of India, using Chinese companies? Those companies would get kicked out at the next election.
40 empties and 1 loaded!!!!! that is CURRUPTION!!! the biggest problems with China is that the logistics to move things to the coast is good but to teh west is horrible. Almost all of their rail lines go from north to south and they have horrific internal multimodel logistics!!!! and when i say horrible i mean horrible. So they need to build more multimodel transport facilties and more east to west rail lines!!! the other problem is the countries along the way also have horible model and rail logistic centers that deal with goods besides oil/gas!!! If this was improved it would be less to ship goods!!!
Nah, when you say horrible you mean racism.
Apparently that has been solved and vastly improved
Go post ur shit somewhere else, this is an information sharing channel
@TricycleRaider u should think before u type - u sound rediculous, but inm going to do u the favor of not responding to no more of ur unedjucated posts!!
China's large East-West railway will certainly cross the desert or plateau. It is very difficult and expensive to build. In addition, the population in Western China is very small, so there is little demand in Western China.
Although the southeast of China is a mountainous area, the population is very large, the cities are very dense, and there are many trade ports, so the railway network is still dense. Most of the East-West railways are under construction, because in fact, most of the North-South railways were built in the last 30 years, and they are more important than the East-West railways. For this reason, the East-West railways are less than the North-South railways.
the BRI is tainted by its politics and debt servitude( countries get loans that they can't pay and then have to give china something). usually all loans come with strings attached such as no criticism of china human rights abuses.
the BRI is a good idea ( and not a new one though), but its attached to chinas politics which is going to cause conflict ( especially in the light of covid).
You could do a follow up of the TAR which covers this area( via rail)
China has basically no real competition on loan handouts. IMF and World Bank's historical loan terms are worse.
* austerity (kill all social programs) - e.g. Greece
* liberalization of domestic industries (let foreign corps kill local industry) - e.g. Latin America
US/EU should step their game.
@@voidvector China has basically no real competition on loan handouts. IMF and World Bank's historical loan terms are worse.
When was the last time you heard the IMF or UN take over a countries assets? or hold them to such unreasonable terms that they couldn't be challenged such as no critiscim allowed??
China doesn't do loan handouts - it does debt handouts, as many countries are now finding out .
when was the last time you heard the UN attempt to take over land belonging to other countries?? NEVER.
when was the last time you heard the UN/IMF supress scientific data to help fight the COVID ?? never, but chinas stooge in the WHO( who wasn't even medicallly qualified deliberately put china politics over the well being of the world)
the WORLD has no real competition on the low levels china will stoop to for money.
@@TheRahsoft IMF doesn't take over the assets, they let US/European corporations do that.
@@TheRahsoft rest of your comment has nothing to do with international trade (original topic), so I am going to politely ignore
@@voidvector right