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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 16 ต.ค. 2013
- View full lesson: ed.ted.com/lessons/what-is-the...
A molecule is nearly all empty space, apart from the extremely dense nuclei of its atoms and the clouds of electrons that bond them together. When that molecule forms, it arranges itself to maximize attraction of opposite charges and minimize repulsion of unlike. George Zaidan and Charles Morton shape our image of molecules.
Lesson by George Zaidan and Charles Morton, animation by Bevan Lynch.
I feel like education in schools these days just focus so much on getting good test scores that we only focus on HOW things happen rather than WHY they happen, giving us the illusion that we are learning when in fact we only have a very shallow understanding. Thank you for these videos.
Joel Bierman agreed!
Totally agreed
100% agree, that’s one of the big reasons why my parents decided to homeschool siblings and why I’ll probably do the same
Agreed
@@toast2139 Unfortunately we don't have homeschooling here ☹☹
Congratulations to the speaker, who pronounced "Alessandro Volta" in a surprisingly good way :D
Sei italiano bro?
@@simopelle Certo😏
I love the cis/trans retinal isomerization example. It's essentially the reason why pirates wear black eye patches. When switching from fighting on the lighted deck towards going inside the dark deck of the ship, they simply switch over their black patch to the other eye to expose their dark-adjusted eye to see in the dark and thus immediately able to fight b/c they saved the time lag needed for that cis/trans isomerization of the retinal molecule in their eye.
Wow that's actually amazing
In H2O, in addition to the two H's that the O is bonded to, the O also has two lone pairs of non-bonding electrons. Those two pairs will repel the O-H bonds. The lone pairs aren't shown in molecule drawings, so it gives H2O its bent shape. If you drew all the orbitals, it would be like CH4 with a tetrahedral shape.
In CO2, there are two double bonds between the C and each O. Double bonds are significantly more rigid than single bonds and are shown as straight lines. Also, C has no lone pairs.
Wow I had this question, thanks for the clarification. Hope 8 yrs is not too late :)
These are the best guys at making chemistry videos for TED.
I'm going to start loving chemistry if TED's is making all these cool chemistry videos....
I'd love a video on that bit at the end: molecules who's shape has interesting repercussions on its usefulness.
As a teacher's aid, this video is amazing for introducing chemistry students to chemical bonding and molecular shapes, especially since it doesn't delve into hybrid orbitals.
These videos are always better than what teachers have to say in schools. Mainly it's because people who make them spend many hours for making a video that's 4 minutes long. Most teachers in school just talk about it, so they can get over with it, like any other job. Their job should be to make us curious about it, so we would listen and learn something, instead of what they are doing...
I really like how casual these videos are and how much I learn :D
I really wish I had a science education based on this kind of information instead of boring, plain data sheets to memorize. All those lessons made me hate most of science, but 15 years later I've learned to love it more than ever thanks to Internet and my curiosity. World needs a change in the way students are taught.
Awesome video!
The two guys doing this (and the last two videos) are amazing.
great animation.. teded has the future of teaching
More chemistry! Make a series!
Si sì tutto molto interessante, ma vogliamo parlare dell’enorme impatto culturale che i sassi hanno avuto nella storia? Veramente, si tratta di un qualcosa di talmente grande che a fatica si riescono a trovare le parole per descrivere tale magnificenza... e nessuno non darà mai abbastanza merito a questi nostri stupendi sassi.... LUNGA VITA AL SASSO SUPREMO!
Oh sasso supremo spassa via i nostri peccati
Se non pregate abbastanza i sassi non andrete mai in sassadiso
Se poi ci pensi la sabbia è la parte "morta" dei sassi,ovvero l'origine di tutto. SASSI OVUNQUE
È l’inferno dei sassi morti
I resti di sassi maligni
@@michelebattistini3094 o il paradiso? È questa la domanda dei sassologi. Secondo te?
I really really want to thank you for doing this
i learn more knowledge in chemistry in this video compare to my class in chemistry in college. I sure hope in the future, education system all over the world would include video like this as an introduction and mandatory requirement for teaching aid
I wish I had this video back when I was in Chemistry class. This video explained it so much better than my old chem teacher. (-_-)
3:36 I thought it would be addison Anderson .....the narration ,
But,so perfect narration ....😮
I consider this my oversimplified snapshot into the organic chemistry module I start in a few weeks. Before this we only had a brief look at atomic structure and names such as trigonal and tetrahedral and it did my head in trying to understand it
Great job! Thanks
Nice explanation.
that is awesome! so fascinating
I am starting to see now how all the videos TED did on education actually work. Using technology and other forms of teaching rather than just a teacher and an old textbook. This way you get someone explaining it and can repeat their explanation. Also if you do not understand something you can just look it up in a few clicks and taps.
Yay! More chemistry videos!!
With all these awesome chemistry-videos you could almost open your own chem-ed-channel...and go into further detail
Incredible video
The shape of the molecule is also effected by electron pairs. Take ammonia :NH3 for example. Now you notice I included the electron pair from nitrogen which has 5 electrons in its outer shell. Each Hydrogen has 1 electron giving a total of 8 electrons completing the outer shell for both N and H. There is a repulsion effect of the electron pair and the hydrogen atoms making it look like a pyramid. On H2O, the O has 6 electrons + 2H leaving two electron pairs on the O which forces a bend.
you are great guys
I get it now. Thanks!!
It's because of the lone pair electrons in the molecule which essentially behave like bonds and cause repulsion too.
The plane of the double bonds on CO2 2:29 should be at 90 deg to eachother, because one uses the Cpz orbital, the other uses Cpy.
More, I need more.
i love these videos
Great video, in bio chem these different stable arrangements can be the difference between life and death.
Gran sassi in sto video, mai visto sassi di questo genere, questo ristorante è di altissimo livello, grazie alla sua cucina gourmet. Consiglio vivamente.
IO INVECE LO DENIGRO PUBBLICAMENTE.
TI CONSIGLIO UN ALTRO LOCALE
@@brennoofficial3165 A quanto pare non sei all'altezza di ristoranti stellati come questo. Comunque, come va la tua gravidanza??
So in cases like glucose fructose and galactose they all have the same elements and ratios but differ in shape because of protein folding and that can change the configuration completly? Thats crazy
Can we get a sequel as well?
Changing those atoms that build our will, will be the last paradigm, the last clarification that will open to humanity A skylight to a higher world.
Why TED videos are so short??? 😢
Whenever the video is going to be interesting it ends… 😭
Indeed it is.
it will be great with caption below
I'm impressed! ^_^
CH4, it´s in the game.
It was retinol at the end right
Why is water bent? And not straight like carbon dioxide? The oxygen is closer therefore more repelling
Skarmx2 because oxygen have 6 electron, 2 of them bond with hydrogen and there are 4 extra electron that dont have a bond and repel the hydrogen to form a v-shape
Thanks for the explanation, but I've managed to learn why after posting this comment. Thanks anyway
this video maker said, "maxized distance between bonds", therefore water must be a striaght line, then he keeps on making exceptions after exceptions for trillion different rules and cases of molecules, this is why chem sucks.
why bent? the wavefunction (that is the eigenfunction) that belongs to the eigenvalue is bent from the shroedinger eq. and its excited level of water is takes a whole different shape.
current chmistry is they make "rules" to make a quick judgement for so called "common cases" so that you can memorize trillion molecules easier.
probably better if you just rememember 3+ 2=5 , 5+ 2=7 ... etc just remember all cases, instead of understanding the addition.
You need to consider the lone pairs of the oxygen atom which pushes on the two hydrogens
CONFIRMED ANSWER:--- Water is bent because of a theory model known as *Hybrid Orbital Model* (HOM) which states that if the central atom is sp^3 hybridized and has two lone pairs then it makes angle of 104.5° (Angular/Bent) which is why Water (H2O) is bent in nature...
Why does the shape of some molecules like NH3 or H2O does not seem to maximize the distance between bonds?
"The more you know!" *DING*
i learned today
The image at 1:07 is wrong.
Why is water angled and not a straight line?
more chem please
Because water has two pairs of "free electrons" and the H atoms are bending away from those.
Cis and trans molecules in eyes is what they are referring in the end.
Vsper theory would get this, Valance shell Electron pair repulsion theory.
the storm representation of the sub-atomic particulars itself is irrational to explain the mass of the particular.
this reminds me of hexane from ORGO
Further reading?
What a coincidence! just today I learned about cis-retinal and trans-retinal in physiology class! (I think thats the molecule he's talking at the end)
Did this is chemistry today!
i read that in the sound of Ralph Wiggum
I need a whole lecture, 4 minutes is too brief!
wtch the fundamental forces of theuniverse in scishow they'll explain the strong nuclear force very good?
Wow
❤️❤️❤️
Why cyclamic acid?
I think I just understood something
Fun fact: all of us are capable of doing logarithms, but we dont know of them. Except me.
They wont stop it forever.
Hmm.. I thought he would talk about the balls and teardrops shapes as predicted by quantum mechanics. There are no sticks.
A statue doesn't have shape. Shape is two-dimensional. Statues have form.
pedant
I always thought Ben Franklin invented batteries.
How do you calculate an irrrational log???
You dont. Exact form is best in such a scenario
Please man its too hard.
You said that DNA is a molecule but what atoms make up them, how do they bond together with other Deoxy-ribo Nucleic Acid 's, and where would the sausages (bonds) be?
They made from Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Carbon.
There 2 two bonds that made the DNA: covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds.
1/Covalent bond: The 2 DNA strands are called polynucleotides because they are made up of simpler units called nucleotides. Nucleotides are joined by the "covalent bonds" between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next nucleotide. Together they form each separate DNA strand.
2/Hydrogen bonds: These 2 strands of DNA are held together by the
"hydrogen bonds" between the nitrogenous bases of each separate DNA strands (polynucleotides) to make double-stranded DNA (a.k.a. double-helix structure). The nitrogenous bases paired up with each other through hydrogen bonds based on the base pairing rule: Adenine (A) with Thymine (T), Guanine (G) with Cytosine (C or X).
I hope that helps ^_^
0:31 a statue made of molecules.
He make me fell smrt
This was the same thing we were taught in our first chemistry classes, except it was very boring
The comment below mine is absolutely true and also my case. :)
Why is CO2 straight while H2O is bent?
H2O has a lone pair which repels the H atoms
i shouldnt be watching this when im high.
Turkish subtitle pls.
2:36 chlorine what.
Indonesian sub please..
Didn't I tell you yesterday that atoms don't exist?
*intelligent comment
Hello My teacher sent me here :D
We are a chemical machine that everyday we do is a chemical reaction in our body.
Did You Just Say Spoiler Alert
Always disliked Chemistry, a shame, really.
Walter White approves!
Quantum mechanics....it's weird.
Non mi è piaciuto questo tipo di sasso,si è sentito troppo il fossile. Voto 5,spero che il prossimo sasso sia migliote
Bre- X concordo compare sassologo
@@michelebattistini3094 io direi di iniziare a pregare verso il sasso divino.
Sasso nostro che sei nei sassi
Perfetto. Suggerisco di spostarci momentaneamente sotto il mio commento per una preghiera sassolista più effettiva e unità nel nome del sasso?
Che schifo i sassi
stop it it's anooyinng