Teutonic castle in Świecie, Poland

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🔗 foto.poczet.co...
📜 object history:
The first stronghold at the fork of the Vistula and Wda was built by prince Świętopełk of Gdańsk in the mid-13th century. In the fall of 1244, an unsuccessful attempt to capture this newly erected facility was made by the Teutonic Knights allied with the duke of Kuyavia, Casimir I Konradowic. From around 1250 to 1270, the castle was the main seat of prince Mściwoj II and at the same time the administrative center of an independent secular principality. The castle remained in the possession of the Pomeranian princes until 1294, when prince Mściwoj II died. In the following years, the castle was ruled by Przemysł II of Greater Poland (1294-1296), Leszek of Inowrocław (1296), Władysław the Elbow-high (1296-1300), and Wenceslaus II of Bohemia (1300-1305). In 1306, Władysław the Elbow-high again took control of Gdańsk Pomerania (including Świecie) and left his nephew, Przemysł, prince of Inowrocław, in the castle - as his governor. This prince, however, failed to defend the fortress in 1309 against the invasion of the Teutonic Knights, commanded by the Prussian national master, Henry von Plotzke. From that year, until the mid-15th century, the castle in Świecie remained in the hands of the Teutonic Knights. A large construction investment carried out in the years 1335-50 turned the stronghold into a modern and strong fortress. The brick building was built on a square plan. There were towers in the corners, one of them (north-west) was much higher than the others and was the final point of defense. The northern wing of the castle was three-story and contained representative chambers, the chapel of St. Catherine and chapter house. The eastern wing (also three-story) housed the castle brewery, kitchens and dormitory (bedrooms for monks). It is not certain whether the southern and western wings had any utility buildings. The secular stronghold had significant defensive values ​​- it even had firearms at its disposal. The troops of the Polish-Lithuanian coalition during the so-called the Great War (1410-11) failed to capture the castle. The citizens of Świecie succeeded in this in 1454, who - without a fight - took over the castle and garrisoned it. In 1460, the Teutonic mercenaries recaptured the facility. The following year, however, they were defeated by troops sent by Toruń. Świecie was formally included within the borders of the Kingdom of Poland under the provisions of the Peace of Toruń of 1466, and Toruń troops resided in the castle until 1520. The stronghold became the seat of royal mayors. It suffered greatly during the siege by the Swedish army in 1655. In the following years, the castle fell into ruin, to such an extent that at the beginning of the 19th century, on the orders of the Prussian authorities, the building was partially demolished. Ultimately, only the northern wing with the tower survived.

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