General Method of Preparation of Antitoxins-Biotechnology-Unit 3- B. Pharmacy 6 Sem--L.14

For Notes Download App: mbpra.courses....
Toxins are the poisonous substances produced by pathogenic microorganisms and lead to infection or disease in men or animals. Toxins are of two type exotoxin and endotoxin.
Exotoxin- these are the toxins which can diffuse freely through the bacterial cell wall into the blood or the medium in which the microorganisms are growing.
Endotoxins- are the toxins which cannot diffuse through the bacterial cell wall and are retained within the bacteria. They are released only when the cells die and start disintegrating.
Preparation of Diphtheria antitoxin
Introduction-Diphtheria is an acute infectious disease caused by exotoxin of corynebacterium diphtheriae, clinically characterized by an inflammation at the site of infection, fever headache, sore throat and myocardial damage. Severe infection can be treated with diphtheria antitoxin.
Culturing of strain- Pure diphtheria is isolated and the pure culture is grown in culture media at 37 °C for 4-7 days. 0. 5% phenol is added and the crude toxin is received through bacteria proof filtration.
Selection of animal - Generally horses are preferred because they are large so that more volume of blood can be taken.
Immunization- Horses are immunized actively with diphtheria toxoid intramuscularly. First 5 ml of diphtheria toxoid is injected into the horse to get primary immune response. After 2 days the dose is increased by 10 ml and gradually increased up to 600 ml to get a satisfactory antitoxin level.
Collection of blood- After 10 days blood is tested for adequate antitoxin. Then generally 8 litre of blood is collected 3 times in 8 days aseptically from the jugular vein. The bottle in which blood is collected should contain anticoagulant.
Resting period- After collection the blood, the horse is given 10 days rest. In meantime the diphtheria toxoid is injected to stimulate for the further antibody production.
Collection of blood- After resting period the bleeding is done again. The bleeding is continued until the animal stops to produce satisfactory antitoxin level.
Storage- Collected blood is stored in refrigerator.

[@adityaagrawal9844]

Thank You so much Ma'am 🙏🏻.
Your videos is very helpful....😊

[@debabanighosh4950]

Can you kindly say me about characterisation of toxin - antitoxin system.
I am searching the above procedure for Listeria monocytogenes.

[@bhanuPrakash-rl1xf]

Nice explaination

[@ushagowda7202]

thank you so much mam

[@durgeshsingh6447]

Thanks mam

[@muhsinmanj6048]

❤️❤️

[@Shivamkumar-ly7to]

Mam app cell the unit of life par vedio baniyai cell difficult hai

[@MSScienceAcademy]

Which topic you want, clear