Secrets of the Piri Reis Map
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 30 พ.ย. 2021
- Does the Piri Reis Map show evidence of the knowledge of Antarctica before it was discovered? Is Charles Hapgood, author of Maps of the Ancient Sea Kings correct that this medieval map indicates the existence of a lost civilization before the last ice age? This video looks into these questions.
After viewing, come back to the notes here for further information.
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► REFERENCES
More on Piri Reis:
www.fikriyat.com/galeri/tarih...
www.pirireis.edu.tr/genius-sa...
More on the Piri Reis Map:
web.archive.org/web/201107160...
www.diegocuoghi.com/Piri_Reis...
Translation of the notes on the Piri Reis Map:
turkeyinmaps.com/piri.html#I.
On Portolan charts:
gallery.lib.umn.edu/exhibits/...
On the past climate of Antarctica:
news.yale.edu/2014/04/21/toda...
www.imperial.ac.uk/news/19651...
Professor Miano's handy guide for learning, "How to Know Stuff," is available here:
www.amazon.com/How-Know-Stuff...
Follow Professor Miano on social media:
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Everyone is missing the point at the end. The tales of "large snakes" that scared the Portugese infidels are obviously about Anacondas and Boa Constrictors.
They can obviously be found in Brazil as well as Argentina (at least anacondas are native there). Plus, the Portugese calling it a very hot waste and in ruins leads me to believe they were describing the jungle. You can easily make out some geographical features of Argentina as well. BTW, this is the first time I've seen someone actually translate the words on the map. THANK YOU.
I don't think you can find anacondas in southern Brazil or The coast of Argentina. And at this time, the explorers had not gone more than 100km inland anywhere in South America. The largest snake I ever saw here in southern Brazil was 1 and a half meter in lenght at most
There are several comparisons of the Map with the south American coast.
Some compared it going as south as Ushuaia and claiming some islands in that tip are the Falklands.
Others put it much to the north.
Some say Rio de Janeiro and Cabo Frio are on the map as kav Fryio and Sano Saneyro. As I can't read old Turkish, I have no idea
@@rogeriopenna9014 maybe the portuguese explorers were talking about jiboias and not sucuris (anacondas).The former were natural to Mata Atlântica and were big by european standards .
@@rogeriopenna9014
The Antarticonda: Let me introduce myself!
@@rogeriopenna9014 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_anaconda
Huge snakes and hot climate are only found in northern areas. I found it hard to believe that they've mistaken the Amazon with Antartica. Also, the portuguese didn't have enough information about the coast line of Brazil prior 1530. I consider this map being still a mistery, which is different from saying it was made based on acient civilizations maps. This vid is good but it fails in recognising that there's a gap on modern knowledge about it and further research are needed
Also of note: any ships sailing through the bosphous had to surrender any charts for inspection before passing through, meaning the ottomans always had up to date information from often competing European states that may not have shared information with each other.
Same way how the library of Alexandria got so many scrolls, when arriving in the port each ship had to give away all their knowledge for them to copy and then they gave back the copies they made
Not so many people wanted to sail to the black sea though
@@arturhashmi6281 The Ottomans had a thriving slave trade in the Black Sea area from 1450 to 1700 BCE.
Also note of: it’s called Bosphorus….. I mean I could be wrong since English is not my mother tongue but somehow I feel that you meant Bosphorus as you wrote “bosphous”
Don’t get my wrong even I’m a bit sarcastic but to make fun about someone who is just trying to see history from a different point of view is not really a behavior taken as a good example…. Even the person you make fun of is completely wrong…. just saying….
@@arturhashmi6281 Not so many... wait what? Says who? The Black Sea has a lot of trade, including the Danube, the Don and the Dnepr rivers. And ship transport was still safer, faster and allowed more cargo, than any other means of transport until the railway came up.
Maybe _explorers_ wouldn't sail there, but traders certainly would.
Super cool you picked my question on your voicemail and thank you for making such a great video about it!! 🙏
The Graham Hancock types always talk about this map and say it's based on much older maps but they never get specific. So glad this topic got covered and you dug into his sources. Keep it up.
there is a wellknown clasifcation for Hancock's and Co: Fraudes, Conmen, Snakeoil Salesmen. ( oh that is three in one go) He has quite a few theories floating around for which he never gives evidence that stands uo to scientific scruteny.
Yes and then he makes the claim that academia doesn't take his theories seriously and just criticizes them. Criticism is how academia works Graham.
@@michaelburbidge5835 even criticizing his idea's as already too much taking him seriously
Getting attention from serious science only strengtens his claim he is at the same level as serious science.
How many scientist take the magical science of Harry Potter serieus? Not much and those books are better written.
graham hancock = unsubstantiated nonsense
Lol you should try to read his book where he does give evidence to support the age of the map.
Piri Reis has written on the map, what is the source of each part of the map! Nowhere he talks about the library of Alexandria or aliens!
He said he used “charts drawn in the time of Alexander.”
@@jpeffer27 Ptolémaic maps were the reference. Hancock and all the loonies say there was alien precise Maps taken by satellites of Antarctica without the ice sheet in the library of Alexandria....
Zero evidence for that bullshit. I used to drink his Kool aid. Glad I woke up.
@@ardechirpakfar6823Hancock has never once in his life mentioned aliens. What Hancock says about Bimini and antartica on the map is the same opinion as cartographers you know those people who are experts in engineering reading designing and making maps. Funny that
@@Bingobanana4789 Hancock was never ever right once in his whole life nor has he opened a book or read a paper.
That single digit IQ bigot is only believable to people even less educated than him!
"Reis" means roughly "Capitain" or "Commodor," and is an Ottoman title. "Reis" wasn't his name but his title. Another feature of the map is that the coast lines become "fiddly" in areas of limited or non-existent information about the coast line.
Wtf does fiddly mean? And why quote it like it's it's real word
Is the Sudan basin visible on map
@@ieatleftytears1953 It means "inaccurate". And it is a real word.
@@rcrawford42
🤣😂🤣😂🤣😮💨😴
Any relation to the Portuguese word "reis" meaning kings?
It's also a fairly commun Portuguese name - Reis
The first time I saw this map I thought he just ran out of paper going south and just bended south America to the east. It always amaze me how few people notice this.
This episode was amazing. Having access to old Turkish (which is something i had fun learning) opens so many doors its so wonderful. so many antique books to read and gravures to look at. ive got a couple exact copies of books of cartography made by katip çelebi in the book müntehabı bahriye. good stuff. your pronounciation of Turkish words were also not that bad either! all in all great video, cheers!
Awesome. It is tempting to "go down the rabbit hole" from time to time. And it's wonderful that you have both the knowledge, and take the time to do the research that lazy (such as myself) or busy people can/will not do. Thankyou so much for allowing me to enjoy the delightful entertainment of the fringe, by providing a safe route back to sanity.
The claimed map of Columbus that Piri Reis mentions as a source is not Juan de la Cosa's (since it is superior in depicting Hispaniola and Cuba, so it can't be a source) but an improved version of Toscanelli's, the one Columbus presented to King Ferdinand II (this was done allegedly to make Ferdinand trust Columbus, as the Toscanelli map and his predictions did support Columbus' stated goals) since the Piri Reis map includes Antillia and Cippangu on exact same places as the improved Toscanelli map.
The Brazil coastline is much more interesting. The source is a map Afonso de Albuquerque found in Java and gave to Francisco Rodrigues to give to the Portuguese crown; Albuquerque describes the map as being in Javanese and consisting of 26 parts (jstor, stable/27864629). The main map was lost in a shipwreck but an incomplete copy Francisco Rodrigues made, reached Portugal and this is the source of mis-attribution to Francisco Rodrigues in some sources. This copy contains the same exact coastline of Brazil which appears in Piri Reis map (this copy incidentally is the first place to use the name Brazil in"terra do brazill"). How does this Javanese map contain such an exact mapping of the Brazil coast-line is a mystery however.
Bravo
if the story is true the javanese most likely got its map from arab traders.
Another fascinating video, thanks! Really interesting to hear the notes made on the map by the author, and their attempt at establishing provenance of their work!
Hey there everybody. I wish you all a good time with this video!
Just because no maps of Columbus have survived to this day, doesn’t necessarily mean some hadn’t survived until the time this map was drawn up. Also its rumoured in the UK that Columbus had Irish monk’s maps of the New World, preserved along with loads of other stuff such as the beautiful Celtic bibles in Ireland during the ‘dark ages’ - that narrative suggests Columbus did know where he was going and wasn’t looking for an alternative spice root etc... great video as always 👍👍👍
It's no rumour. The monk was St Brendan and his descriptions were well known throughout Europe at the time and were used as a guide by Colombus.
@@jenster29 thanks 👍 I’d forgotten his name!
Rumoured that he had doesn't equate to fact
Yet he traveled to Caribbean islands and not the huge continents
@@arod1766 There you go. There is so much incorrect information even surrounding someone as recent as Adolph Hitler because people want to fit history into their theories. Napoleon too. Yet everyone tries to assume they know about people's motivations centuries ago.
For all we know, th-cam.com/video/R4Nkk8-1v2g/w-d-xo.html is as accurate a depiction of the events as any.
I sit watching this with a very large, hardback book, titled _Mapping the World._ A beautifully illustrated history of world maps. It is indescribably fascinating. One of the best books I own. Comes with my recommendation! Great video, thanks for sharing your knowledge and expertise! 👍😎
Giant snakes seen by the Portuguese was enough evidence for me. Nicely explained Sir!
The "Columbus" maps Reis was referring to would have come from Toledo. In its heyday, it had gathered a lot of maps and other information from many cultures. That's where Columbus got his. And Columbus never had maps of South America, that we know of. That part of South America was probably not from Cabral himself but subsequent Portuguese expeditions.
The Portuguese knew about longitude long before even the Sextant+Chronometer was invented using the Epheremis tables. The Cantino map clearly shows the Portuguese in Canada with Nova Scotia,Iceland, Greenland, USA coast, The Caribbean Islands, Brazil, Yucatan Peninsula, all the way down half of Brazil, Australia, Africa. The list goes on an on, Columbus learned all the maps and sailing techniques in Portugal. Portugal was in Brazil decades before Columbus even sailed in 1492. We now know that Portugal kept Brazil secret for many years due to the Spanish expansion and the inevitable Treaty of Tordesillas. Without Portugal and their discovery of the Ocean Gyres no one would be able to cross the Atlantic for at least another century. The discovery of the Ocean Gyres lead to the discovery of the Madeira Islands, and the most important discovery was the Azores, as you can not make a full return back from the West without stopping in the Azores. This is how all trips to the West took place, from Madeira Back around to the Azores. The wife of Christopher Columbus was the daughter of the Viceroy/ Governor of the Madeira Islands.
Makes a lot of sense to me.
I'll look for more content about this.
Any suggestions?
Excellent info. Thank you.
Sources?
Source? The only thing I can find is that it MIGHT have been discovered by Diarte Perreira in 1498.
@@stefanalexanderlungu1503 Gaspar claimed Nova Scotia and Newfoundland however from this map it is clear the Portuguese were lying en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantino_planisphere from this map stolen from Portugal and made in 1502 it proves beyond any doubt that the Portuguese mapped out the entire North American coast line, half of South America, the entire Caribbean ( from Spanish maps) and all the way to Oceania ( Australia and New Zealand.) including Africa all the way to Asia. This map is from 1502 which proves the Portuguese knew more than they told, and were mapping these coastlines for many years some details even go as far as saying Portugal was in Canadian waters as early as 1350. The Ocean Gyres were the key to all this and you simply can not map them out unless you actually travel on them so who mapped out the gyres is the question that is always avoided.
Thank you for making these videos. It’s so easy for people like myself who are not formally educated in these things to be lured in by the alternative history crowd. You’re fighting the good fight 👏👏👏
This was so interesting! Would love to have someone like you for medieval and early modern times.
You sir, have got yourself a new subscriber. That was fantastic and your love of learning shines through your personality. Thank you :)
Thanks, and welcome to the channel!
Great work coming from sound conclusions that most ancient maps were very distorted but considering the the era and access we should consider their value in their historic time period of our past endeavors into exploration.
Another great TH-cam channel. I love history, especially things forgotten. Your analysis is intelligent. Old maps are full of clues. I subscribed, thanks.
David, thank you for this great video. Your enthusiasm is contagious and it excites me to watch more videos about Archeology and ancient history.
Again great work good sir. Loving the back catalogue.
I read that Einstein considered Hapgood's theory plausible, but it may well be he did suggest some modification. Hapgood's book was open on Einstein's desk when Einstein died. But this is a good analysis of the Piri Reis map. Some of those notes i hadn't seen before, nor the rotating of South America to produce the "Antarctic" coast.
About 25 years ago I found a table with a metal inlay in a vacant house, the inlay had a huge world map on it with animals and other figures on it, I had absolutely no idea what any of it and then but I thought the table was super cool so I took it. Recently I had been watching a episode of ancient aliens and the Piri Reis map. I know I had seen this map in these figures before so I went and looked at my table that I had in storage and it was an exact duplicate but the map I have the entire map of the world I would really love to send you pictures so you could tell me what exactly I have it’s so super interesting
That’s fascinating!! Where are you located? That seems like quite the find - would love to see a photo! Do you have it uploaded anywhere? Cheers
Dawn you need to post it. Have you? Dont say something like that and not post it.
@@johnnyrings1813 after actually looking at it he realized it was a placemat from dennys.
Sell it, big money.
Hi. Do you have pictures?
Thank you. I’ve been intrigued by the Piri Reis map for a long time. Your video is excellent.
Thank God you exist, Professor Miano. Thank you. (still waiting for your segment on the Antikythera Mechanism!).
As someone who is from the Great southern Land iI find it amazing that no one mentions Australia
The Portuguese explord here,we have large snakes and its hot in the north
Just in the wrong place in the south
Keep up the great work
Maybe these maps were made before Australia was discovered. The Portuguese would have known the Top part of Australia at least.
That was going to be my question too! LOL
good point ... sounds like current day australia ... wonder what the australian aboriginies have to say ???
portugese wreck in New Zealand believed to be from 1550s,, personally i think that just because things might not have been recorded doesnt mean people didnt arrive here in NZ from all over the world by chance for perhaps as long as there has been some form of sea travel,, Maori certainly found their way here why wouldnt others,, I would think that much of the world was found long before it was mapped,,
Brilliant explanation, thank you.
great to get some more context on this, great work!
I was always curious about that, thanks Dr Miano.
Im a guy very into history of sailling, and its so annoying the amount of dumb theories surroinding old maps. Since im portuguese i get the advantage of access to some books and documents that our national archive still has from the 1400-1600's, like sea charts. Its very interesting to see them evolve and grow, specially portulans.
One of the most annoying theoires was that portulans, which are made with the help of a compass and show you the direction of each port in relation to one another, are actually a roman invention, even tho Ptolomey wrote down longitudes and latitudes and we have no evidence of romans writting geography books based on compass directions. But people will insist that just because medieval europe loved to use roman and greek sources, that they must've not been original inventors of portulans.
The paradox of the dark age of science is so enfuriating: anything europe did that was backwater was because of their dumb beliefs, anything they did that was advanced was because of rome and greek writtings. Funny enough, both muslim and christian scientists of the time innovated plenty, and their more wacky ideas came precisely from ancient rome and ancient greece.
Name any weird old belief in medicine or geography medieval people's had in europe or the middle east and you can trace it all the way to rome and greece: humor theories, astrology, the idea that there is the exact same land mass in the northen hemisphere, the idea that strange lands have cyclops, giants, one legged people, etc, geocentrism, the idea that its too hot in the equator to sail into, the idea that the sea becomes too shallow beyong "the pillars of hercules", sea monsters, etc.
Medieval people's were innovative, all across history, they didnt need to steal knowledge from so called ancient civilizations that both leave no trace and yet left their mark everywhere.
The Portuguese were here early, off the coast of New England; they found the rich codfish [bacalhau] resource and kept it a secret, the Spanish found gold in central and south America and boasted about it so English and other pirates would know where to attack them. This is speculation because remains of fish drying racks that have been found on the coast. The Portuguese have returned and there are many fishermen of Portuguese/Azorean origin and descendents here today, between Providence, RI and Fall River, MA, and also a significant community around Gloucester, MA. This area has the highest percentage of people with Portuguese ancestry in the US, more recently enhanced by Portuguese speakers from Angola, Brasil, Cabo Verde, etc. There are secrets to be learned, but professors like Dr. Miano know the difference between speculation and fairy tales.
Viva! Só para pôr a dica sobre a teoria de que o Colombo foi um agente duplo ao serviço de D. João II.
Estes artistas sempre a mandar abaixo a capacidade de inovação dos marinheiros Portugueses! Fomos pioneiros nas descobertas na navegação nas caravelas, e mesmo assim os outros é que são bons, e os outros é que estão certos. Para eles fomos uma espécie de piratas que tivemos sorte em ser bons marinheiros, lá descobrimos outros países fomos colonizadores e acima de tudo também seremos sempre cúmplices na escravatura. Epa mas a verdade é que somos a soma de muita coisa, somos Portugueses e temos orgulho no nosso passado! Pode não ser perfeito mas era a génese das pessoas daquela época!
Great video!! Thank you sir
Well done. Bravo.
Very nice analysis, Dr. Miano!
I've been watching your videos for about two weeks now. During that time many sacred cows have been slaughtered (yes, I've been vaguely believing the ideas put forward by the likes of G. Hancock for many years). But I've noticed a very remarkable change in my thinking: it feels like the barn is being cleared of gunk. It smells much better now and much more fit for purpose. Thanks and gratitude...
Awesome vid!! Not mentioned, but highly relevant, is the fact that ALL explorers that drew those maps came from the northern hemisphere. As such, the north star is the best reference for true north and ALL cartographers would have used it. Unfortunately, the north star is NOT visible in the southern hemisphere, so the north/south perspective gets skewed below the equator... This vid was really interesting and I'll sub and binge watch all the ones I've been missing!!
Thanks, and welcome to the channel!
Great comment, thanks for pointing this reason ;)
My first time here. This video is outstanding and a service to mankind.
Aw, thanks, and welcome!
Wow, loved this video. Thanks for making it
Glad you enjoyed it!
Ah the Piri Reis map. I remember back in the early to mid 2000’s when I was a conspiracy minded pre-teen, the various UFO magazines I was subscribed to constantly talked about this map. Usually it was either to prove Atlantis is real, or how the Americas or Antarctica was discovered earlier than commonly accepted.
And as I understand it, the Romans believed in a “Terra Australis” (southern land) because they literally thought that the Earth would roll over like a ball if there wasn’t something in the south balancing out Europe, Asia and Africa.
2021: Turns out that ufo magazine you were subscribed to may have been more right than you thought
@@vtecman108 But not for the reasons they thought they were.
Even a stopped clock is right twice a day.
For myself I do believe bronze age voyages to the Americas may have happened from western Europe - possibly south west Iberia.
Beyond that it's just population movements between the Americas and the Bering Strait - likely while much lower sea levels made the crossing easier.
Somewhat like the early settlement of Britain across Doggerland from Europe before it was first eroded by glacial melt and then destroyed/submerged in the Storegga slide flood event.
And UFOs (unidentified aerial craft) were fiction until they weren't.
The map doesn't depict Antarctica but UFOs are real. They're just not unidentified anymore.😂😂they're called rockets.
@@plopdoo339 UFO's are real ? World Of Wonder !
Graham Hancock in Archeology & History is the same with Frank Dux or Steven Seagal in Martial Arts 😂
Respect for the solid burn.
Bit like a historian trying to tell people that’s not antartica when every cartographer going says it is
Piri Reis map doesn't depict Antarctica and no cartographer claim it does.@@Bingobanana4789
I am always captured spellbound by your presentations, this is another fascinating bit of history you have all the inside info on.... thanks for sharing your wisdom and humor.
Another interesting video David I didn't really know a great about this map thank you for explaining it
You still don’t know anything about the map after he explained it because he isn’t a map reset or designer. If you want to know about maps ask a cartographer, funny thing is they all say it’s Antarctica
Professor Miano: When Piri Reis states that some of the maps he used to develop this one dated from the time of Alexander, he does not attribute them to the Ptolemaic maps of which he would certainly have been aware. As I am sure you are aware, Alexander encountered many ancient cultures (and deliberately scooped up all he could of their ancient knowledge) during his campaigns, including those of the Egyptians and East Indians. Is it inconceivable to you that during his time in Egypt he obtained maps that were extremely ancient? Could those maps have been stored in the library he established at Alexandria and copies eventually made their way to Byzantium (later Constantinople, now Istanbul) where they were later found by Piri Reis? As you try to make sense of the information on the Reis map, consider that it was literally pieced together from these ancient maps, so sections of it are likely to be incorrectly oriented (as you suggested might be the case in this presentation), and that many of the land masses have changed appearance over the millenia due to sea level rise and land subsidence. This map does, in fact, contain information from before the last ice age.
About any piece of information, we could imagine that it goes back hundreds or thousands of years, couldn't we? For example, I could imagine that Henry Ford got the idea of the internal combustion engine from earlier sources that go back 10,000 years. The question is: what basis do we have to believe that? It is reasonable to believe that Alexander had people with him that mapped out the areas that they traveled. But to imagine that the Egyptians had maps that they provided him, even though we have no evidence the Egyptians had such maps, is highly speculative. And we also would have to imagine that the Egyptians had knowledge of the Americas and Antarctica, which is even more imaginative. Moreover, since Piri Reis's map seems to depict places in line with the knowledge of the time, it is wholly unnecessary to think there is more than that.
13:17 This was the nail in the coffin for me. The notes on the Piri Reis Map itself say that the info about this region comes from "Portuguese infidels".
@@nickpeterson8659 That's not actually what the notes say. Reis would certainly have had copies of Portuguese maps when constructing this one. He would have read all of the comments on their maps, and believing their maps to correspond to this section of the world with other, older maps in his possession, he may have simply included the Portuguese comments. There are many important aspects of this map that are never mentioned or investigated by researchers. For example, what is the purpose/meaning of the tropical bird positioned on a number of the islands in the Caribbean?
@@WorldofAntiquity We have plenty of evidence, how ancient cultures with highly refined techniques of memorisation transferred astoundingly precise information about ancient cultures. Look at the classical documentation by Michael Wood: In Search of the Trojan War. But also what we know about Inuit culture and many others. To your example of the combustion engine: the idea that "explosions" could be transformed into controlled performance is indeed much older than Henry Ford (in fact, Ford didn´t invent the car or the motor, by the way, there were others before him). In fact, the idea of using for instance gun powder for similar purposes was pondered already in the late medieval and renaissance period. The ancient Greeks knew that steam could be used for "work" (and the Byzantines had actually used it to move heavy doors and other play items). Your problem seems to me to be the problem of many archeologists: the confusion, or better: over-identification of objects with the appearance of ideas and concepts and social practices. Like: we didn´t find clothing, so Neanderthals must have walked naked! For every reasonable person it must had been evidently clear, that Neanderthals, having survived SEVERAL ice-ages must have had quite complex and adapted clothing, comparable to that of Inuit or Siberian nomads. What it did look like is another question. But for that you need not to be an archeologist, but a clear thinking person, able to draw conclusions from climate conditions, human body requirements and survival necessities. We had hoped that the snubbing dismissal of ancient reports and tales as "myths" disappeared after the time of Schliemann. It didn´t, the arrogance remained.
@@riccardodececco4404 well put! This guys air of self assured smugness is intolerable.
The Piri Reis is a wonderful composite of world at time…. And he describes that very south amaerica “Antarctica” very hot. Tierra del Fuego. He must have been told by Portuguese
Great, logical, walk-through, of this much debated map!
Wow this vid is AWESOME! Thank you.
I read 1421 by Gavin Menzies several years ago, and I found it very convincing for a while.... until I took the time to look into the criticisms of it, and those ideas in general.
Even for skeptical people, it can be too easy to get swept up in grand ideas that don't seem as half baked on the surface as they actually are.
Thanks for keeping reliable information on the internet, and educating people in what we actually know about old maps, ancient civilizations, and all the other interesting stuff you cover on your channel.
If you wanted a real education about the map you’d have asked a cartographer and so would miano but let’s be real he would never do that because it would highlight how he hasn’t a clue what is he talking about.
@@Bingobanana4789 yeah that's pretty much what I did.
I picked up the book at a thrift store, it sounded interesting, and it was the first time I heard those arguments. I considered the arguments based on his evidence, and found it moderately convincing, and then I looked into criticisms of it and realized that his evidence was full of holes.
@@louisjov the only person who can provide any form of critique to the accuracy of the map including the topography latitude and longitude is a cartographer and every single one of them that’s studied the map have all been astounded at the accuracy of it. Unfortunately miano here doesn’t use any information from a single cartographer because he knows his critique is based on his opinion rather than the opinion of the experts because the experts all say that coast line is a near perfect replication of the Antarctic coastline. Miano claims to know about history since when did historians become qualified to tell a cartographer that they are wrong about the accuracy of maps??
@@Bingobanana4789 interesting, well I definitely could be wrong! Which cartographers are you referring to, and which map was it again? It's been a while since I've seen this video
Wonderful and easy to understand. I've tried to research this map a few years back.
You've answered questions, thanks.
Thank you, well done!
Fear is a more important emotion to the masses than truth. Well done on the video.
You understood this perfectly.
As always, this video is interesting and factual. Debunking incorrect ideas about the world and human civilization has to be done, because ideas based in falsehood percolate through the society's consciousness and create problems for people in the present. They often feed cults, superstitions and notions that undermine modern science and medicine. Science fiction and fantasy are not inherently harmful, but people who live in a fantasy world of belief rather than the real world are responsible for a number of problems nowadays. Videos like this one are necessary counters to bad history and world views base on fantasy. The problem is that the videos providing real information, like this one, are outnumbered by clickbait and sensationalist lies. Keep up the good and necessary work Doctor Miano!
So I guess you’re not aware that it actually was once free of ice and we know that for a scientific fact but I don’t think there’s any idea that we could know exactly when it was… I bet you’re one of those guys that still think the Egyptian built the pyramids with bronze chisels and copper saws..
With the help of sand, yes, that is the logical conclusion. Someone on video has demonstrated how it can be done. And the pyramids were on Egypt, where the... Egyptians lived. And they DID build a step pyramid and 3 failed attempts before the 3 Rd successful attempt, BEFORE the great pyramid. So ya know.
If he really wanted to debunk the map he’d have asked a cartographer’s opinion but let’s be honest here he’d never do that because they all say that the coast line is Antarctica
Great video. Nice balance of real historical information and correction of conspiracist misinformation.
I didn't know of this fictional southern continent but that makes sense: when Hernan Cortes mapped out Sonora, he became away of the Baja California peninsula. However. Because he didn't go north and didn't cross the gulf, he thought it was an island. He sent Francisco de Ulloa to investigate, but discovered that it was a peninsula. The Idea was revived by Juan de Fuca, who misunderstood the nature and distance of Vancouver Island and argued that the passage connected to the gulf and that Vancouver island was actually part of California. Jesuit explorers starting with Padre Eusebio Kino finally confirmed that Baja was just a peninsula and that Vancouver island was disconnected with the rest of the mainland.
When you see two points of land from the water, islands and continents become entirely indistinguishable. It seems a Portuguese sailor simply missed one part of the South American coast.
Thanks for helping me to open my eyes
As someone who found this the most convincing thing as a child who even wondered how as a skeptic it could be refuted. Thank you. Thank you from the bottom of my heart. ❤
Hey! Caught you early. I would love you to dig into Nan Madol.
Aren't the ruins from medieval times?
@@WorldofAntiquity technically yeah, but I ask this as the site is frequently used to spread the idea that it was built by aliens/more advanced civilizations (something I think you do a good job at debunking). Unfortunately I haven't been able to find a lot of info and research on it.
@@guymanuel4260 Even a child looking at photos of Nan Madol will tell you how it is made: you take long pieces of hexagonal volcanic rock (It often does this when it cools very slowly), and you place them in opposing directions, piling them up. Come on - this is 100% obvious.
Asserting anything else is deeply dishonest.
@@Chris.Davies as obvious it may be, I still like hearing what an academic might have to say about it. Doesn't hurt having someone professionally debunk this stuff.
Great video! Thanks!
Thank you for clearing that up for me. I've long heard the Antarctica hypothesis and it never did wash with me.
You’d be best asking a cartographer’s opinion you know those guys are are professionals is designing and reading maps because every one of them will tell you it’s Antarctica
@@Bingobanana4789 - bullshit. Any cartographer who says that (and I'll bet you can't name one) would be looking for a new career very quickly. As drawn on that map, the coastline is thousands of kilometres from the actual coast and bears no relationship to it at all.
Oh, and if you want to invoke Hapgood's drivel about Earth crust displacement as an excuse for the coastline having moved, any first year geology student can not only tell you why Earth crust displacement can't happen, they can even point you to the evidence that it hasn't happened.
@@MultiRationalThinker Enter the map into Google pro, that along with the many the cartographers who have spoken about the accuracy of the map are better qualified to speak of its accuracy rather than dr Dave here.
Harold Ohlmeyer gave a detailed review of the map when Hapgood delivered his paper on the map. Captain Mallory gave the same review which Mallory’s opinion has been endorsed by the directors of the astronomical observatories at Boston College and Georgetown University. You should probably check their credentials before disagreeing with what they say on the accuracy of the map.
I don’t need hapgoods drivel on earth crust displacement to confirm just how accurate the map is the experts have already done that. You seem to be confusing earth crust displacement which does and has happened with hapgoods theory on earth crust displacement. You should probably have asked those first year geology students that before you shit the bed on that one.
Details are fascinating, makes sense he used older source maps, maybe from a library that no longer exist. I’m not an alien believer, but believe In older civilizations that have been erased. Bimini road showing above water would suggest a source map much much older, no way to know for sure
the bimino road is not pictured on that map at all, research the topography of the islands of the caribbean. The so called bimini road you mention on this map is actually the island of puerto rico, the so called road is in reality called cordillera central which its a mountain range thats located on the middle of puerto rico. Puerto rico was discovered on 1493 and this map was made on 1513.
and the bimini road has been proven to be in fact a natural ocurrence
@@maau5trap273 stop talking like did the map
@@thesteelworks8088 it’s called doing proper research and not watching pseudo nonsense. Also that highly contradicts your own argument which is claiming that the island is Bimini and that it shows the Bimini road but you didn’t make the map either 😂😂
@@maau5trap273 who said your research was proper? Based on who’s ego that can’t say “we don’t know”. I have degrees too from establishments too. I’m simply not just stopping and use those as facts because the establishment said so. They been wrong many time and still can’t admit it, the evidence you presented might be correct but not conclusive. Stop acting from authority,have you ever been there? Because I have
Just a little comment on this great video: On 9:35, when you say "The greeks and Romans had envisionned a much smaller globe" I am not sure what you refer to. Eratosthenes (greek from alexandria) basically calculated the correct circonference during the 3rd century BCE (250 000 stadium, ~40 000km). This value was still used by detractors of Columbus 17 centuries later to argue he could never reach asia through the west. (they were right, they just ignored there was a continent inbetween).
Eratosthenes was one of several Greeks who calculated the circumference of the earth, and although we now know in hindsight that he was the closest to being correct, his measurement was not the one widely believed in those days.
Amazing content!
Great video. I'd love to see your take on the infamous "nubs" to which is often referred. It's frequently pointed out that giant stone constructions the world over all contain similar protrusions. It's a hot ticket topic in the "alternative circle"
I still haven't found a decent popular video about nubs that I can respond to.
@@WorldofAntiquity I see. Thanks for the response and the education, it's under valued these days. Appreciate your work.
From this channel a couple of months ago: SACSAYHUAMAN - How They Did It | Polygonal Masonry, th-cam.com/video/_5AplOCegMA/w-d-xo.html
The whole vid is fascinating and Vincent Lee has a wealth of knowledge on the subject of Incan stonework, but if you want the EZ version, just look at the diagrams at 37:21 and 38:22, to me those seem like a perfect use for the nubs.
@@TSZatoichi thanks so much for this, that does make perfect sense
There is 1 I’ve seen, very good. If I can find it I’ll paste it here…
I think you guys will like it…
Brilliantly explained - as per usual. I totally understand the "romantic idea" of a lost civilisation. (Graham Hancock and many TH-cam channels have built their careers on such an idea) However, as an open-minded lay person - I find your explainations so well researched that it's difficult to take their ideas too seriously anymore. However, this doesn't take away the awe and majesty of Egypt and other fantastic ancient sites. If anything, it just enhances them. Do you organise your own trips to Egypt - (like Uncharted X, Robert Schoch, Brian Foerster). If you did - I'd very interested to attend.
Someday soon!
I would recommend people to read Hapgood's book and form their own opinion. I don't feel that longitude and its implications have been adequately covered here. Also the reasons for some of the inconsistencies in Piri Reis. Still decent content, thanks 👍🏻
What? No love for you Ed? Hapgood looked at it for years with his students and had plenty of support of his views by authorities. Good book. Cheers.
Didn’t Hapgood have the US Air Force map makers look at the map for the longitude implications and accuracy? I don’t think the person here looked at anything Hancock or Hapgood said about this (and other) maps at all, tbh.
If you are going to disprove assertions by someone, I think it’s important to cover all the assertions-I was really hoping he was going to cover some of the more astounding things found in maps drawn from ancient materials. Too bad.
@@drewlovs I agree, the Piri Reis map was just the starting point for Hapgood's studies, and he found plenty of others that were even more interesting in their implications. I would advise anyone seriously interested in this subject to get a copy of Hapgood's book and get a wider perspective on the issue.
@@drewlovs Agreed, unfortunately I can't link the correspondence from the US airforce officer here but as others have said, matey hasn't read the book has he?
I don't mind that personally, always good to be across both sides of the debate, but it does make you wonder how much of the source material he debunks that he has actually read. I appreciate he has to churn out content, but this is really interesting stuff for me.
Had a friend who felt that Native Americans are from Mars. He tried to convince me with a recent science article that said: the nicest place on Mars would be harsher than the summit of Mt. Everest. I never argued with him, ever.
I was thinking about requesting a video about this map just the other day.
Good evening D.David, I hope there is cooperation between you and Prof. Richard Mortel Professor of Islamic History. To talk about the archaeological sites in the Arabian Peninsula, which are no less important than the Egyptian civilization, but perhaps the most important in the world.
The Alternative History mob can be very persuasive through what they omit, rather than the evidence they include. You do a great job, your students are lucky indeed!
you would be surprised about the mass of evidence being omitted by the "official" academic "mob".
Its amazing how many details are omitted in those theories.
Another stellar video. 🎇
Thank you for a methodical review of the Piri Reis map.
A proper review of the map would include a cartographer’s take on it but miano won’t do that because all the cartographers say that coast line is Antarctica
Excellent video! I learned a lot. I do have one question though. You say that "the Greeks and Romans" had envisioned a much smaller globe and that people in Columbus's time believed that the Caribbean bordered on Asia. But didn't they know the size of the earth already because of the calculations of Eratosthenes? I know Columbus disagreed with Eratosthenes's estimates but from what I remember most of his contemporaries at the time actually (correctly) preferred Eratosthenes's estimates.
Of course there are no surviving mentions of Eratosthenes until the 1700's, where greek history was manufactured. The story of Eratosthenes not only is a lie, but it doesn't prove the shape or the size of the Earth unless you assume you know the distance to the sun, which Eratosthenes thought was 1 million miles or less. The real kicker is Ptolemy named the north star, stella polaris, or literally "pole star" and it hasn't moved on a single chart in all of history. This is impossible in a heliocentric system where the Earth precesses on it's pole as it spins. Fact is the Earth isn't spinning the sky is, as Airies failure, and the Sagnac experiments proved.
I had the same question as you. It appears after Eratosthenes there was a later measurement by Posidonius that was then revised by Claudius Ptolemaeus who basically botched it and gave us a much smaller estimate.
@@christophermyers8157 WTF are you talking about? "Greek history was manufactured"?????? What? And the earth isn't spinning???? What????
@@samuelwheeler9678 Right but did most academics in Columbus's day accept that number or did they prefer Eratosthenes's calculation?
Thank you David. It is amazing that with additional investigation and objectivity that truth can be uncovered relatively easily. Historians like you given enough time can enlighten us with truth.
Great work. Subscribed
In Gavin Menzies' book 1421, he suggested that part of the Piri Reis map was influenced by the cartographers traveling with Chinese admiral Zheng He in his numerous diplomatic trips during the Ming dynasty. Of course, a lot of coincidences have to happen that the maps, which were often state secrets, got through the Silk Road and end up in Europe. Menzies also claimed that Zheng have reached part of Antarctica by South America. The reason given was unpredictable weather and a previously larger ice sheet from Antarctica.
Interesting (and most likely true) Interpretation of the Piri Reis map; for someone who claims not to have much background on these old maps, you have done a good job. Too bad you didn't spend any time doing the same sort of thing for the Oronce Fine map of Antarctica (1531) that I sent you.
Very good analysis.
It seems to me that there are many very interesting, real, historical things that can be learned from the Piri Reis map, but when the entire discussion surrounding it revolves around whether or not it it is based on mysterious, lost civilizations and other pseudo-history, those things get pushed into the background and ignored.
I love it when things are obvious after doing obvious things, like reading the map!
Reminds me of all the egyptian carvings that are given wacky alt-history explanations while the hieroglyphs describing them are right next to the carving.
Yeah like the Dendara 'light' - just laughable when they so clearly go to the trouble of ignoring the ancient languages, probably most alt history 'researchers' can't speak a single ancient language that hasn't survived in some form today like Latin.
Yeah it is fairly obvious that’s it’s Antarctica, that’s not my opinion that the opinion of every professional cartographer you know those people who are experts in engineering designing and drawing maps. Sure a historian says it’s not but the people who make maps for living say it is. I know who I am going to listen to
Well done, sir.
I enjoyed this video so much. Thank you for your time and effort to bring forth this information in such an entertaining way.
Piri Reis did not in fact quote mappae mundi from Europe that you describe as probable sources but rather those of Idrīsī or the Ma’mūn geographers on which the better of the mappae mundi drew. Fuat Sezgin wrote a great deal about this before in his old age he went effectively mad and supported dubious projects of the Erdogan nationalists. But in his heyday (I worked with him in the late 90s) he uncovered quite a number of ME maps and tables with astoundingly accurate coordinates.
Your argument is from the perspective of the craft of mapmaking. In debunking Hapgood it would also be beneficial to specifically address both of the issues below, relative to the underlying land mass of Antartica, and to Albert Einstein's relationship with Hapgood.
(1) The purported "empirical" argument for the Peri Reis Map showing is that details of the antarctic coastline (the physical land mass under the ice, not the ice shelf) match the detail in the Peri Reis Map - therefore the Peri Reis Map source is from a time before the ice shelfs, or from a technology able to image the land mass.
(2) The "credibility" argument for the Peri Reis Map showing Antartica is via Einstein's correspondence with Hapgood and Einstein's endorsement of Hapgood's physics methodology and "scientific genius".
BTW, didn't someone claim this map shows Antarctica's "Blood Falls", or have I got that wrong? Now THAT would be an Historical-Anomaly worth the name!
Excellent analysis
From what I heard and viewed of this episode
you (David Miano) need to read more books!
This was a really interesting video! I'd never heard of it before! Glad you could dispel the whole "ancient high tech" nonsense yet again. It's tiresome to trip over such pseudoscience in random places, so any time I can point them to your channel, I do!
Thank you, Dr. Miano, for what you do!
How is this smug fellows opinion any more valid than someone else's opinion? Which let's be honest is all this waffle is. "Could this island (drawn in the Atlantic) be Japan?" ..... must be true
It’s probably best asking a cartographer what their opinion is rather than a historian. How is a historian qualified to tell anyone anything about the accuracy or detail on a map. It’s funny that the professionals all agree it’s Antarctic but a historian doesn’t
I've got a question, forgive my ignorance on the subject of the Piri Reis maps.
There is a reference at 3:02 to the maps being relative to TRUE NORTH but then references the maps were drawn with the use of the magnetic compass. True north and MAGNETIC NORTH are in two different locations in the arctic. A compass can only point to magnetic north, not true north.
One can accurately find a location by use of the angle of declination, the difference between true north and magnetic north. This angle varies by a few degrees depending where in the world you are located. In my area of Pennsylvania, US the angle of declamation is +3 degrees.
Has the angle of declination been factored in when assessing the accuracy of these maps? Does it even matter?
Watched this while having lunch-thanks for the delicious entree and tasty dessert. The Map notes were the highlight and good for a few laughs. Hope that Graham catches this vid.
That would imply Hancock is searching for truth.
Rather than his L Ron Hubbard type payday.
Gaslight and profit, that's all he's good for.
The Map not only shows Antarctica but the strange thing is that it shows the mountain range between Argentina and Antarctica, those mountains are only be seen by satellites because they are under hemisphere, meaning underwater, it is intriguing how he managed to draw mountains under sea, my manager have written a book about this map and he completed this piece of map to a whole , we are in train of translating the book at the moment, thanks for this nice video.
Coincidence?
I love it when the words of an object's actual creator are on the object itself, and you use them to debunk the illogical garbage LAHTers push as part of their Holy Gospel of Suppressed Knowledge.
Thank you, David.
In this video it simply doesn't matter that you only rendered at 30fps - but please start using 60fps for camera and renderer settings, to avoid the horrendous brain-hurting slideshow which can lead to a seizure. At 30fps I see every frame 5 times before a new one arrives. :(
60 Frames Per Second makes filmed videos smooth as silk in comparison. And the visual data rate at 60fps is doubled, providing much higher quality viewing.
Did you ever see The Hobbit?
Good job! But what about Oronce Finé and his map of 1531? It would be great to know more about it
Nice review!
HIC SVNT GRAHAMHANCOCKES.
Thank you. I've always found old maps fascinating. One can marvel at them for their accuracy as well as for their fantasy.
I have read once a fascinating book about the first encounters between Europeans and Japanese, with a long introduction illustrated with many ancient maps, the first ones inspired by Marco Polo's (heavily fantastic) description of Cipango, then integrating the discoveries of the new world around Colombus' times (the book including also Colombus' notes on Marco Polo's description, as well as excerpts from his journal, and the guy seemed obsessed with the idea of proving he had indeed reached Cipango). Anyway, many of these maps showed Cipango, and often as a rectangular island the very shape of the one you pointed at. Maybe the Piri Reis map was in this book, actually, I can't remember...
Anyway, fascinating topic, and thanks for the video.
It would’ve been helpful if you had discussed the accuracy of the maps depiction of the Antarctic coastline below the Ice. The ONE and ONLY piece of evidence that suggests,
at some point there was knowledge of Antarctica before the ice formed.
Why would you intentionally leave that out, as I stated THAT is THE evidence for the ancient knowledge of Antarctica before the ice.
EXACTLY! leaving that kinda off breaktrought out, its bordering misinformation
Yeah, this guy spends a lot of time talking about nothing and then when he gets to the part about Antarctica he blows by it so fast that I didn't feel he even covered the subject.
The last time Antarctica was free of ice was millions of years ago. There was nobody around toen!!!
@@hansh9109 then how in the world the piri reis map matches the recently mapped topography? Its a mistery to me...
@@fennarios Because it seriously doesn't. I've looked at the comparison, it's laughable. You have to do so many contortions and edits that you might as well not look at the Piri Reis map at all
Excellently explained 👏👏👏
You have great style David
I can tell just by the way this man delivers his self assured ‘knowledge’ that he’s come to believe fully in the flawed education he’s received over his years in school. Don’t let this smug attitude convince you that this guy knows anything more about our ancient past than you or anyone alive today. Our ancient past remains a vast mystery to us all
This map isn’t ancient-it’s from the 1500s
Let me guess, you’re a fan of people like Graham Hancock, aren’t you? That’s not history. That’s fantasy.
Why read book when Facebook meme do?
Overly sensitive people who don't like their pet theories debunked are the only ones calling him smug.