France and Spain Join the Revolutionary War DOCUMENTARY
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 5 มิ.ย. 2024
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Kings and Generals animated historical documentary series on the early modern history continues with a series on the American Revolution - the War of American Independence. In the first video we discussed the main reasons why the Thirteen Colonies rebelled against the British crown ( • American Revolution - ... ), while the second will focus on the beginning of war, as the two sides clashed first at Lexington and Concord, and then near Boston at Bunker Hill ( • Battle of Bunker Hill ... ). In 1775 and 1776 the war continued with the siege of Boston, American Declaration of Independence, Fall of New York, Battle of Long Island, Ten Crucial Days, the battle of Trenton and the battle of Princeton ( • Battle of Trenton 1776... ), while in 1777 the tide turned with the battles of Brandywine, Germantown and Saratoga ( • How Did the Americans ... ). France and Spain joined the war around this time, putting even more pressure on the British, who now had to defend their European and Caribbean holdings, too. Despite the fact that the battles of Monmouth Courthouse and Rhode Island were tactically inconclusive, the situation for the Britain continued to deteriorate.
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00:00 Intro
01:59 Diplomatic Situation - French & Spanish Involvement
06:11 British Strategic Concerns & Carlisle Peace Commission
08:59 Valley Forge
11:13 Howe resigns
12:33 Battle of Monmouth Courthouse
19:50 Battle of Rhode island
21:49 Frontier War - Sullivan Expansion & Illinois Campaign
#Documentary #AmericanRevolution #Monmouth
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Parem de dobrar os vídeos periódicamente no mínimo nuvem toda a série sou de Portugal pelo amor de Deus gente você é ridículo dublado periodicamente eu não sou vidente para saber quando é que não vai ter
I understand your need for a sponsor, but Wargaming, who makes World of Warships, is not a good company. They regularly abuse and ignore their community. They only care about new players who are willing to spend money, and once they've bought what they can, they're disregarded.
You really ought to at least mention the tribes' actual names, even if you're primarily using the settler terms for them. It's the Hodnashone, not the Iroquois, the Onodowaga, not the Seneca.
The Battle of Monmouth Courthouse was one of the few times the reserved, mild mannered Washington tore Charles Lee a new one. Lee had abandoned his position and upon seeing this Washington lost it. Onlookers said his cursing was shaking the trees. Lee was court martialed after the incident.
I guess the saying stands true, "Watch Out for the Quiet Ones."
@@Hillbilly001 I disagree
He did. How about you?
I've read Lee still had British leaning sympathies.. After his being held in captivity by the British Regulars after being taken prisoner by Banestre Tarleton at a New Jersey tavern where he had been drinking and carousing with 304s.
@@covertops19Zwhere did you read that?
Fun Fact: Charles Lee was captured in 1776 by the British just before the Battle of Trenton. And while he was with them he was treated with friendliness n curtesy. Lee often ate with British Officers and would give them advice on how best to defeat the Patriot Forces. Something Washington wasn't aware of as he worked very hard to get Lee back.
isn't Robert E Lee a descendant of his too?
Different Lee - You're thinking of Henry Lee III
@@gamebawesome thanks for answering
This fact doesn't seem very fun.
Oddly, these intelligence eventually gets outdated by the end of the wintering in Valley Forge
"Everyone attack!"
"RETREAT!"
"ATTACK!"
"RETREAT!"
"What are you doing, Lee, get back on your feet!"
”But there’s so many of them!”
“I’m sorry is this not your speed?”
Hamiton!
...
Have Lafayette take the lead!
Did he miss his shot?
Certainly not the one who shot him mwhahahahahah!
@@odd-ysseusdoesstuff6347 Easy there, young Lafayette would have charged the entire British army head-on ! :p
Fun Fact: At the Battle of Monmouth while Washington was dressing down Charles Lee a Sergeant who was a Connoisseur of Foul Language was near enough to hear it and what Washington said to Lee was the most beautiful thing he ever heard. Which gives you some idea of what was said that day.
Given Washington's customary aloof nature, that must have been at least a year's worth of repressed frustration and anger being unleashed in a veritable dam burst of expletives and implications as to Lee's parentage.
@eldorados_lost_searcher in short Washington made it a point to make lee understand how small and incompetent he was and lee understood where Washington wanted him "lee" to "go"
If memory serves, correspondence between Charles Lee and the British has been uncovered, which kind of shows that Lee was a British agent. Staggering.
That's not true, it's a myth.
@@0giwanwhere did you come across this? I am interested in reading about this.
Another note on Spain in the Revolutionary War, Spanish forces assisted the Americans in Upper Louisiana under governor Fernando de Leyba, who provided assistance to the Clark Expedition in Illinois and fought indigenous forces allied with the British at the battle of St. Louis, helping to keep the Mississippi supply route active and deny Britain’s First Nation allies the chance to strike at the American frontier in Kentucky (more than they already had).
canadian detected
@rhs5683 I don't know why but you made me laugh
@derekv Spain did much much more than that! Spain through the Gardoqui family sent the very first foreign weapons for the American Revolution in February 1775 to Marblehead Massachusetts!
300 Spanish rifles or muskets and 600 Spanish pistols to start things off! The British that came at Concord and Lexington came to disarm the Patriot militia, most likely knew of the Spanish weapons and came to retrieve them!
Kings And Generals exploring new visuals..nice work
yeah i can see that, it is a great step up from all these years. Good Work Team KnG!
The Spanish Gulf Coast campaign against Florida was mentioned at 4:34 - will this be covered in more detail in the series? Galvez ran a very interesting and well-planned campaign against the British in the area.
The writer here: It's outside the scope of this series.
@@TheReaperEagle Will it appear in the long form video?
@@bfdiepictennisballbfdi2359 Probably not. Adding the Canadian campaign is the priority and will eat up most of the extra space. The Gulf campaign is a bit much for the remaining space, though if there's enough interest maybe it will happen down the line.
@@TheReaperEagle Understandable, will look forward to the release of the remaining videos :)
@@TheReaperEaglevery typical in US History after 1823.
Galvez, the Spanish governor of Louisiana, negotiated with Thomas Jefferson his support to the 13 colonies and expelled the British from the Southern flank of the colonies, the Gulf of Mexico. In recognition, the Congress gave honorary US citizenship to Galvez and several places in the USA were given his name, as Galveston.
But the memory of the strong is weak.
I expected to see mention of Bernando Galvez' expeditions in the South. I didn't learn till recently that Tejanos also fought in the campaigns, and it's believed that's why American Revolutionaries helped in the first Texas Revolution.
I cannot say thank you enough for your great work
I appreciate the entire team from top to bottom
You guys rule my heart
Yes, both countries aided the rebel colonies. But usually the help of Spain its not often remembered, mentioned or even known. Everyone seems to remember Lafayette, but curiously enough forgets about Bernardo Galvez and how he and the Spanish army at his orders won the English army commanded by John Campbell in the Battle of Pensacola. The help of Spain does not limit to the intervention in one or two clashes. Spain borrow lots of money and deliver war material to the rebels, allowed the rebel ships to dock their ships in their ports.
A century later, USA thanked the help received by declaring war on Spain and snatching Cuba, Puerto Rico, The Philippines, and Guam.
In 2014, Galvez was declared by the US Congress as “hero of the revolutionary war who risked his life of the United States people, and provided supplies, intelligence, and strong military support to the war effort”.
The reason is that Lafayette was with them while the Spanish fought on their own.
Also, Spain entered the war on the request of France and to get back at Britain, not out of solidarity.
It was not a formal ally of the US and distrusted republicanism.
And after this, it’s not like there was full friendship. John Jay, the first U.S. ambassador to Spain, was not formally received at court and Spain also used the natives to block U.S. expansion.
At some point Spain even blocked the Mississippi to the U.S and it had pursued claims on Georgia and West Florida.
It wasn’t all negative of course, but it wasn’t rosy either. Spain had antagonized the US long before the Spanish-American War, so there was no “betrayal”.
US and Spain relations were that of love and hate up until Spain joined NATO more or less.
@@LuisBrito-ly1koFrance also joined to get back at Britain.
i noticed a certain Anti-Hispanism in your words however if the Americans and Spaniards got among so badly because they bought Florida with money with Russia and Alaska .
They could declared War as happened with the Mexicans and more of facts that dismantles your thesis Bernardo de Gálvez hinself was appointed and the War received by Washington and they saw each other many times during the War and named Gálvez Honorific Citizen of U.S founded localities in honor to Gálvez in Texas.and in U.S is known with the "Pensacola Battle Hero" this title Honorary Citizen no given to many foreigners .
The President Biden in visit in Spain Talk to Bernardo de Gálvez and the help of Spain to U.S in War of Independence ; in fact Gálvez portrait is in the gallery of Founder Fathers if U.S in the Capitol .
Do you think that the French did not also have the same or more anymosity towars the English than the Spanish .
Spain not fight alone there were númerous joint interventions .
what with the remains of Viceroyalties ( Spain had territories abroad to 1.976) the War of Independence to American-Spanish War passed a century and its a " long time " many many facts in history passed in many less time .
Its also not true Spain will get among badly with acounting and both be in the same organization; with Franco the thaw of the U.S began and these are time likes in all sides
@@LuisBrito-ly1koIts a absolutly nonsense say for this Word the French fighting with help for Americans lol the French fighting with minimum equal hate agaisnt English than Spaniard not know this is no learn nothing in básic history ; Spaniard fighting with U.S Army in" permanent conexión" in fact in Pensacola Battle is one of decisión of U.S ask Spain for help
@@Benito-lr8mz
I think misunderstood what I said. I didn’t imply that the French did.
I said the French did fight alongside Americans on the field, while nothing of the sort happened with Spain.
Not that France fought to help the US in particular.
I love this series. Keep up the good work.
Yes! Been waiting for this series to continue!
K&G: "The French had a humiliating defeat"
also K&G: "An unfortunate set a circumstances left the British with no choice but to fall back"
We already now since he talk about the "great chevauché" and the "Vicious french plunder" that KG is not really objective but that's fine nobody is
Lord Sandwich!! 🥪
the first man to come up with the idea of putting meat between two pieces of bread .... no seriously.
Funny, i just watched a video of his descendants talking about the mansion of his they inherited. I guess it took 25 years to get it back into the family. Britain apparently likes to take inherited mansions from families only to neglect them lol
I very much enjoyed your video and I gave it a Thumbs Up
Thanks Kings and Generals, for everything you’ve given us these past years, you helped me through hard times relearning to walk with rehab and such! I’m on my feet now, can’t thank you enough for all your content that helped keep my spirits up! Happy late Easter to y’all!
My guess is the next episode will shift focus to the southern theater with the fall of Savannah Georgia and Charleston South Carolina.
The writer here: Correct.
@@TheReaperEagleoh okay and just saying but I loved how you mentioned Molly pitcher and just letting you when it was showing the battle of Rhode island Monmouth was in the top right corner I just thought you should know.
@TheReaperEagle I enjoyed that part about "Molly Pitcher," I'm a history geek (to the point that i watch these videos & channels like people binge watch Netflix shows lol) and didn't really know about that/her, so that little inclusion is one of those fun facts that I really enjoy. Keep up the good work! I find you and other TH-cam historical documentarians are far superior to most "professionally" (not to say you guys aren't professionals, im just referring to the documentaries that you would see on cable TV or something) written/produced/advertised/shown/etcetera.
Plus Ultra 🇪🇸
Thank you as always for the videos
Great video as always
Awesome video in an awesome series! Respect from a Missouri fan. I've actually visited Forts Kaskaskia and De Chartres. So cool to see Kaskaskia on K&G. Happy Easter.
Great video keep it up you're doing amazing things 😁💯
We love you Kings and Generals ❤
You literally took the words out of my mouth.
Fantastic video, thanks!
Thank you for putting the American Revolution Videos together. Great content!
ty for the content as always.
Very good . I learned a lot for sure .
Very, very nice video, i love it! Keep up the good work!
I'm enjoying this series about the American Revolution. Well done and keep going!
One of the best series on TH-cam!
Great video!
Great video! Waiting for more of the series mostly for Bernardo de Galvez part so underrated contributor to the US independence
@ATH420 Bernie was the best and most successful tactical and strategic commander in the American Revolution! No one compares to Bernardo de Gálvez! Bernie never lost a battle and or skirmish against the British! An absolute win for America!
Amazing video as always. My only gripe is that in the Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1768) the only native nation that was a party was the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, and the land they ceded was largely not controlled by them at the end of the Beaver Wars. That is why the Shawnee rejected the treaty. It would be like Japan in WWII selling Burma to another power just because it was briefly conquered. I think this is important because in the video it seemed that the Shawnee were simply not honoring the treaty, instead of the actual truth which is that the Haudenosaunee were never authorized to cede the land
The writer here: Stanwix is a fascinatingly controversial treaty. The bottom line was that it cleared the way for legal European settlers in modern West Virginia and western Kentucky, but the circumstances around the negotiation are murky, convoluted, and controversial.
The British thought they were buying all the Haudenosaunee claims, only to find out during the negotiations that they weren't. The Six Nations intended to keep using all the territory they'd conquered down to the Tennessee River as a hunting reserve as they had for decades. They just wouldn't settle there or contest Virginian settlers moving in. It also isn't clear if the British knew that the Shawnee, Lenape, and many other small tribes had never given up their claims on the area (and in some cases still lived in the region). You can argue that they should have known, but the Six Nations were representing that they'd conquered and controlled the region to the exclusion of other tribes, so they didn't need to listen to the other tribes. This would have been prohibitively difficult for the British to investigate, so it was one tribes' word vs the others. It highlights the really difficult problem of figuring out which actually held what land and had the rights to it as America expanded.
@@TheReaperEagle thanks for taking the time to explain! Treaty interpretation is certainly a controversial topic anywhere, but especially in American Indian Law!
Fair point on the British! They’d definitely lose on the “should have known” argument today, but we can’t delude ourselves by holding 18th century imperial powers to that level of scrutiny 🤣
We are very proud of our rich revolutionary war history here in New Jersey
Nothing like a route for a christmas gift
Although the American revolution is portrayed as a war of the meek against the mighty, One must never forget that besides British taxation, the other primary motivating factor behind the American rebellion was slavery, that is the British Empire's gradual move towards abolition even though they were still one of the biggest slave colonizers of that time. This gradual move towards abolition by the british crown "Pre-declaration of independence" Is believed to be the main precipitor towards the American Declaration of Independence, not just taxation, and was motivated by two key British decisions:
1. The 1772 Mansfield decision rendered by Lord Mansfield Which held that a person cannot be held as a slave in England, even though he may have been previously enslaved elsewhere in the British Empire, and
2 Lord Dunmore's proclamation of 1775, The Royal governor Virginia, who in no uncertain terms,stated that any black person in the American colonies who rose up against their masters and went over to the side of the British would be granted their freedom.
It was these two decisions that caused as much uproar in the american colony as taxation and prompted them to declare their independence in 1776, even referring to Lord Dunmore's 1775 proclamation In the "Declaration of Independence" as having caused an insurrection amongst them.
Needless to say that thousands of African Americans headed Lord Dunmore's proclamation and fought alongside the british for their own freedom. It is also interesting to note that over 300 blacks fought on the side of the Americans at Minmouth, but none of this is mentioned.. Perhaps the most interesting of these unmentioned facts is that a runaway slave from Shrewsbury., a man who would later became known by the name of Colonel Tye, would fight alongside the British at the battle of Monmouth, and so formidable.was his fighting force that his men (Known as the ethiopian regiment or "black brigade") would eventually strike more fear into the heart of the American colonists than the British army itself.
Colonel Tye went on to participate in several battles and skirmishes in New jersey Including Monmouth and Hunterdon where he captured several high-ranking members of the American militia. He and his men went on to conduct several successful raids and skirmishes in jersey, looting plantations and freeing slaves along with their livestock. He eventually succumbed to gangrene after suffering a gunshot in the leg during a raid on a Patriot's home in Tom's River.
This is all needless to say that slavery had a more promirole in the American revolution than mere taxes. Look at the fact that General Washington, one of the most prominent figures of the revolution, was one of the biggest slaveholders in the 13 colonies along with Thomas Jefferson. Needless to say that if america's war of independence was really about freedom, Then once Lord Dunmore, Royal governor Virginia, issued his proclamation in 1775 declaring all blacks free who fought along the British, the Americans could have easily countered in 1776 by stating the same in the Declaration of Independence.Although the American revolution is portrayed as a war of the meek against the mighty, One must never forget that besides British taxation, the other primary motivating factor behind the American rebellion was slavery, that is the British Empire's gradual move towards abolition even though they were still one of the biggest slave colonizers of that time. This gradual move towards abolition by the british crown "Pre-declaration of independence" Is believed to be the main precipitor towards the American Declaration of Independence, not just taxation, and was motivated by two key British decisions:
1. The 1772 Mansfield decision rendered by Lord Mansfield Which held that a person cannot be held as a slave in England, even though he may have been previously enslaved elsewhere in the British Empire, and
2 Lord Dunmore's proclamation of 1775, The Royal governor Virginia, who in no uncertain terms,stated that any black person in the American colonies who rose up against their masters and went over to the side of the British would be granted their freedom.
It was these two decisions that caused as much uproar in the american colony as taxation and prompted them to declare their independence in 1776, even referring to Lord Dunmore's 1775 proclamation In the "Declaration of Independence" as having caused an insurrection amongst them.
Needless to say that thousands of African Americans headed Lord Dunmore's proclamation and fought alongside the british for their own freedom. It is also interesting to note that over 300 blacks fought on the side of the Americans at Minmouth, but none of this is mentioned.. Perhaps the most interesting of these unmentioned facts is that a runaway slave from Shrewsbury., a man who would later became known by the name of Colonel Tye, would fight alongside the British at the battle of Monmouth, and so formidable.was his fighting force that his men (Known as the ethiopian regiment or "black brigade") would eventually strike more fear into the heart of the American colonists than the British army itself.
Colonel Tye went on to participate in several battles and skirmishes in New jersey Including Monmouth and Hunterdon where he captured several high-ranking members of the American militia. He and his men went on to conduct several successful raids and skirmishes in jersey, looting plantations and freeing slaves along with their livestock. He eventually succumbed to gangrene after suffering a gunshot in the leg during a raid on a Patriot's home in Tom's River.
This is all needless to say that slavery had a more promirole in the American revolution than mere taxes. Look at the fact that General Washington, one of the most prominent figures of the revolution, was one of the biggest slaveholders in the 13 colonies along with Thomas Jefferson. Needless to say that if america's war of independence was really about freedom, Then once Lord Dunmore, Royal governor Virginia, issued his proclamation in 1775 declaring all blacks free who fought along the British, the Americans could have easily countered in 1776 by stating the same in the Declaration of Independence.
Happy Easter Kings and Generals
A Fantastic Video.
Great video, any chance for a seven years war series? Really good backstory
Von Steuben mentioned!! 🦅🦅
"England, or later Britain, had never faced France without european allies since the 100 Years war"...
C'est si beau à l'oreille.
France had a much larger population though and it makes sense an island nation couldn’t one v one the main continental power on the continent.
2:32
@@fredbarker9201 doesn't change anything since uk was able to form as much soldiers as france duding most of the middle ages (not when Napoleon arrived )
@@lecrabesavant4435 That was only possible because England owned half of France. The Population of England was tiny compared to France but it was in-fact French dis-unity that allowed England to even contend against France. France had far too many powerful dukes that didn't care much for the King. Usually when England Invaded Via Normandy/Flanders etc it would be hard to spot a French Soldier from Southern France because they were so independent. Gascony Troops made up a large portion of the English army because without them the English would have been severely outnumbered.
Even Henry the V's army was considered large for its time because its not even the issue of finding manpower, its the issue of supplying such a large force in hostile territory. When Scotland invaded while a English army was in France, Thomas Howard raised like 25,000 Men from all over the country. 25k in England and 9k in France.. Meanwhile France raised 30k men like it was nothing from only the Northern territories and also had Tens of Thousands of men along its massive borders with Spanish nations, Italian States and German lords.
excellent
Very interesting!
"The Spanish King Charles III was also concerned about Spain’s colonies in South America getting
ideas from the United States and rebelling against him".
Kinda funny how it was the lack of a king that instead spurred them into rebellion.
Awesome stuff i love it
Just FYI, Maine didn't enter the U.S. as a state until 1820. It was territory of Mass. state until then.
As a Polish American and distant relative of Tadeusz Kosciuszko (thru blood and marriage)
I would like to make special request to @KingsandGeneals team. How about entire episode
dedicated to military genius and contribution of T.Kosciuszko to American Revolution War.
I'm talking here about battle of Cowpens, Saratoga, building fortification of West Point and
Fort Clinton.
P.S. I'm Pole by birth, American by choice.
Ooh, that would be cool but I think it unnecessary to make it solely focused on one person.
Neat ancestry.
I appreciated the coverage of the western front, I had never heard of these operations before 👍
Woohoo. The battle of Ft Sackville got a mention! I'm 6 miles from Vincennes.
This is the best under 30 minute brief of this time period ever!! Especially time stamp 8:19. This is the first time I ever heard of the Earl of Carlisle's peace commission and it's proposals... BRAVO ZULU!!! Well Done!
An update.. Actually I had read about the Carlise commision.. I went back and looked it up in the index of David Ferling's WHIRLWIND. I had highlighted it, but that book is so full of important data I'd forgotten it. I highly recommend his book to anyone drilling down into the period of 1763 to 1783.
20:37 error: it still says "Monmouth" even though this battle is in Rhode Island...
The actual Battlefield is located in Freehold New Jersey. I visited the site many times and participated in numerous reenactments at the battle site.
Great video! Tip my hat 2 u
Washington, usually modest and mild-mannered, shocked Charles Lee at the Battle of Monmouth Courthouse. Washington lost his footing when he saw that Lee had left his position. Peers saw that he was yelling so loudly that it shook the trees. After the incident, Lee was subjected to a court martial.
No matter the motivation for helping, thank you France and Spain.
To this day, hispanics still hardly get any credit for helping USA get their independence. Your welcome. I am a hispanic and very proud to be an american born in USA.
I enjoy the channel but the maps certainly use some artistic license (eg Philadelphia being on wrong side of Delaware River, Germantown wondering off to NE, Easton sorta ???)
That suppose to be Camden NJ lmao
I hope y’all are planning to cover the Southern Campaign of the Revolution (the real turning point of the revolution). There’s a ton of fascinating battles and characters to cover!!
I think @20:20 a more Eastern woodland environment/native setting could have been used to bring to point "Drums Along the Mohawk" 👍
I send materials from work down to Englishtown Rd all the time. Monmouth has always been cool to me since I hiked the battlefield as a kid.
My fav series
Can you guys make a video on Toussaint Louverture?
@KingsandGenerals when will the videos on the Albigensian crusade be made public for free?
Crazy to think 170 people could take an entire territory. I'd love to have a vid that summarizes combat like this and the evolution towards the line combat we see in the modern day. The Great War I'm sure is part of that, with air power being the initiative. But it's just interesting how for so long in history warfare was more about armies roaming around than the strict force on force we see now.
Which software you used for map design and animation?
This video make me really want to replay AC 3
Interesting.
I wonder if Bill Slims Burma campaign in the Pacific series is coming out.
Good video.
I hope you guys cover General Greene in more detail. In my opinion he is the most underrated General of the American revolution. Even the British called him a strategic genius and he managed to organize a serious and well coordinated guerilla network in the South.
7:50-8:20 what the music called?
"Spain was our friend from the beginning! Even before Independence was declared!"
- BISHOP FULTON SHEEN
Long time viewer here, I love this new content so much! Y’all should cover the American loss at battle of the brandywine since it’s a direct cause for why the continental army stayed in valley forge
They already did cover that
Brandywine was in the last video.
Seeing the map here really makes it clear just how compressed Ubisoft's frontier map, which stretched from Boston to Valley Forge, was.
Excellent video, as always, but I have a nit to pick. Monmouth cannot have "silenced Washinton's critics" because 2 years later the Congress would appoint Horatio Gates as commander in the South without Washington's approval (or knowledge?) In fact, I think Lee only became a "Washington critic" *after* Monmouth when he tried to blame his failures on Washington. What really "silenced Washington's critics" was the battle of Camden (which I bet you'll cover next!!!!) when Gates --"The Hero of Saratoga" -- fled the field and abandoned his army to destruction. Washington didn't look so bad after that. He may have lost a lot of battles but he never actually ran away and always kept his army intact.
But, it's a nit. I really enjoyed the video.
Can you guys make a video on the Haitian revolution?
Okay, everyone in concert: "Seventeen-seventy-seven, seventeen-seventy-seven, seventeen-sev..." *bytes on tongue* xD
Great episode, as always. I must point out, however, that your map of New Jersey shown during most of the episode leaves much to be desired. For one thing, you place Philadelphia on the wrong side of the Delaware River, in New Jersey, not Pennsylvania on the west bank of the river. You also shorten the river, which runs the entire length of New Jersey and forms it’s western border, dividing it from Pennsylvania, a major obstacle to the movement of British troops. I do not understand why the British would have to march south and embark from Southern New Jersey to reach New York, when Philadelphia was the largest port in the colonies at the time and no major port existed in Southern New Jersey, except a fishing village at Salem, where you picture the British ships. Minor quibbles, I know, but you might want to double-check that.
Will you make a video how to US navy was established and the US-Ottoman barbary wars?
i had no idea how unorganised both sides were in this conflict
Now do Lafayette!
That's why Leon Edwards has the most aesthetic physique
Lee got a "what for" kick in the ass!
Love ❤️
My friend can you do a video about Srilankan civil war which happened 30 years one of bloodiest civil in the world in my opinion.
A lot of people are quick to say something along these lines:
“A ragtag army made up of farmers was able to beat the greatest military in the world.”
Something like this has been said so many times. That the Americans were able to use superior leadership, George Washington, guerrilla tactics and strategy to beat the better supplied British troops who just walked into the open without strategy and got mowed down by rifle fire from the trees in the distance.
There is so much wrong with this. The Americans did not win the war. At least not the way many people think. They did not constantly outfight the British using better strategy and guerrilla warfare. All of the major American victories were fought in the conventional style of battle at that time. Yorktown, Cowpens, Trenton, and more. King’s Mountain and parts of Saratoga are some of the few arguably won by guerrilla manners. Next is that the British were not the greatest military in the world. They had the greatest navy.
Their navy had won many victories in wars throughout the century. The British Army was formidable. But it wasn’t the best. It was in the top 10-5 best armies, but the best actual army was likely the French
or the Prussians.
The British army was on the winning side of many wars. The Seven Years War comes to mind. However, it was won with a lot of strategy on William Pitt’s part, naval superiority as well as expansion into other countries, such as in India. So the Americans were not fighting the best. A lot of American successes were inflated. Trenton was a small victory. They captured a town along with many Hessians, but overall, not the most decisive. It was the morale booster that made it seem great. Saratoga was a decisive victory, but keep in mind that the British had walked into a largely pointless campaign. Burgoyne had intended to push through American forces from the north and rendezvous with Howe’s army and another eastward bound force. General Howe abandoned this and attacked Philadelphia instead and the Western army was slowed by a series of battles. The British were now on a near pointless campaign and were already exhausted from previous battles. Of course, America never could have won without international aid, which they received from France, Spain and the Netherlands. Each side supplied the Americans, the French and Spanish sending soldiers and ships to fight the British. Britain and their Hessian allies ended up fighting against the Americans, Spanish and French. Fighting on so many fronts proved a challenge, which meant that since the British were defended so much against multiple enemies, they could never entirely devote to fighting in the colonies, yet another advantage handed to the Americans that is often overlooked. The British could not focus as much on them as they wanted to. Yet still, the Americans and their allies struggled against the British. A notable battle is Gibraltar, the largest of the war, depending on how you count. The siege of Gibraltar was a three year siege laid to the British-controlled city by the French and Spanish, yet still the British won. Even against so many foes, the British won decisive victories.
Siege of Savannah (the British capture and defend the city against the Americans and French.)
Battle of Camden (an outnumbered British force destroys an American force under Horatio Gates.)
Battle of the Saintes (even though not important overall being after Yorktown, still worth noting seeing how heavily the French Navy was beaten, Admiral De Grasse being captured.)
The war has been taught the wrong way. The American victories were won in conventional-style warfare. Guerrilla warfare is never enough to win a war alone. It was a behind the scenes success that largely was only effective on the frontier. In fact, the British were more experienced and arguably more skilled in guerrilla style warfare, as were many of their Native American allies.
The British readily used Light Infantry. These were the fastest and smartest men that usually fought on the left flanks. They would fight in groups of two usually, with lots of space in between those groups. They were trained to take advantage of cover, hiding places etc. to battle their opponents, and helped in many major British victories. If I remember correctly, the rest of the British army in America attempted to adopt more Light Infantry tactics, pretty much dispelling the idea that the Brits were rigid fighters that sucked at guerrilla.
But the Americans were not overly better than the British. British leadership was inconsistent. The generals were able to win many battles but failed to completely destroy the Americans. But they were able to constantly outmaneuver them. In fact, George Washington lost more battles than he won. It was his ability to keep the Americans alive that helped them win. It was also thanks to Nathaniel Greene outlasting the British in the south. The British generals were successful in the short term ideals. Such as William Howe, who defeated the Americans in New York and in Philadelphia, but failed to completely destroy the rebels, even when he had the chance to at Long Island. The Americans constantly lost in the short run, but their ability to live to fight another day kept them holding out until the French and Spanish became involved. After this, people like Baron Von Steuben trained and drilled American troops into a more professional fighting force. Then you have the fact that British troops were being sent to fight a war 3,000 miles away, meaning that British morale was likely pretty low.
I would also like to mention the deciding battles before Yorktown, namely the Southern campaign. With the fight reaching a stalemate in 1778, the British struck south, capturing Savannah, shifting the theater. They held Savannah and beat the Americans at Camden and Charlestown, which were terrible losses for the revolution.
The thing is, despite all this success, this caused the Americans to shift tactics. Nathaniel Green became general of American forces in the south. He focused on outstretching the British, forcing them into a wild goose chase and weakening their supply lines. This split up the British, and led to General Morgan beating Tarleton Banastre at the Battle of Cowpens. Guilford Courthouse, however, despite being a British victory, cost their already small force high casualties. This put Cornwallis in a bad position. So he retreated to Yorktown to await aid from Henry Clinton. This help did not come, and led to the Americans and the French trapping them in the siege of Yorktown. Francis Marion was a large help in the south as well, harrassing British supply lines and more with his guerrilla tactics (I did say guerrilla tactics are overstated, but while they can’t win a war, they can help support and effort in a certain theater). Lastly is Pensacola. Galvez and his Spanish forces captured Pensacola, threatening British Jamaica and sugar colonies, and forcing their navy to take up defensive positions, keeping a British fleet that could have likely stopped the French navy at the Chesapeake Bay from attacking. So, overall the deciding factors were:
The British won short term victories, but the Americans lived to fight another day.
French and Spanish aid gave the Americans the firepower they needed to fight.
The British were not entirely committed to any single front entirely due to the peripheral war with France and Spain, meaning that America’s allies were largely successful in this theater.
Francis Marion’s and Nathaniel Greene’s effect on the southern theater of the war led to British forces retreating to Yorktown.
The British weren’t entirely devoted to the war in the colonies due to the fighting with France and Spain on the peripheral theater.
The war was won by help from France and Spain. It really was just outlasting the British. Because the British could have kept fighting after Yorktown. They showed this with the Battle of the Saintes. They had the capability to try and capture or recapture major cities and hold off America’s allies, but they realized that it wasn’t worth it, abandoning the effort similar to what happened in the Vietnam war. So can we truly consider it an American victory? Not really. It was just the French and Spanish gaining the upper hand for the Americans.
The American Revolution was complicated, but is often oversimplified by biased textbooks, authors and teachers. The winners write the history books, so don’t trust everything your friendly neighborhood textbook says.
Peace!
Sooo many words.. ‘merica still won😅
It just really seems like you having an anti American axe to grind..had we simply given up those first couple of years the Revolution would have ended..it’s the spirt to keep fighting that won us the war..peace!
@@apollyontw7863 The British had sent a massive force to Yorktown, Virginia to finish off the rebels once and for all. 7,000 British regulars and about 2,000 Hessian mercenaries, the best troops on the planet. They had good intelligence that George Washington was in the area with his entire army. Once Washington’s army was destroyed and Washington himself was captured, this revolution nonsense would be over once and for all.
What Lord Cornwallis didn’t know was that: IT'S A TRAP
As soon as Cornwallis landed his troops on the narrow Virginia peninsula, a massive French fleet of 29 Warships came out of no-where trapping him and his men on the peninsula. Washington and his army were there alright, with nearly 8,000 men and supply lines stretching back to the rest of the colony. He settled on a siege to bottle up the British on the tip of the peninsula to watch them starve to death as no supplies could be sent to the beleaguered British troops. After three weeks in this hopeless situation, losing about 10 troops a day and another 30 wounded, and inflicting only minimal losses on the Americans, The entire British and Hessian forces surrendered. America still had an army of 8,000 fighting men that had been running from the British for six years at this point which only turned and fought when it was in their advantage to do so.
The war had been incredibly expensive for the British. Hessian mercenaries didn’t come cheap and shipping troops and supplies across an ocean wasn’t a walk in the park either. With the surrender in October the British couldn’t possibly put a force together until the following spring, and no-one was willing to put up the money to gather another 10,000 troops, supplies and ships only to either spend a year chasing Washington up and down the east coast, or losing the entire army within a month.
After Yorktown, the Americans knew, the British knew, and pretty much everyone on the planet knew that after six years of fighting that the Americans had spent either dodging the British or beating them handily that it would cost the British a king’s ransom even to keep the war going.
As such, it was time to negotiate to keep what they could. Quebec and the Maritime provinces were still loyal, the territory of the Hudson’s Bay Company was secure, and they really didn’t give a darn about the Native Americans. The last thing the British wanted was for the war to spread northwards (which it did in 1812, but that’s another story). The American colonies were more trouble than they were worth and they were still making good money in Canada (furs, trees and fish).
Negotiations started in Paris the following April with the Americans sending their most famous man, Benjamin Franklin, to lead the delegation (which also included John Jay and John Adams). They spent the next six months discussing terms before getting a draft together in November. However, Britain also had disputes with Spain, France and the Netherlands that had to be settled as well, so the treaty wasn’t signed until the following September, at which point it was sent to both governments to ratify it
On April 9, 1784, two years after negotiations started, the matter reached Parliament. Despite widespread opposition to the treaty, it passed by division (by a single vote, but only because they stopped counting the “ayes” once they won) and became effective the following month.
@@apollyontw7863 The idea that the American's drove the British out is a little bit of American folk lore. Every serious student of the American War of Independence will recognise three key things:
> Washington was not a particularly good general. Brave yes, skilled .. no. He lost far more battles than he won.
> Had it not been for the French who were at constant war with the British around the world for dominance, the War of Independence would certainly have been lost to the British.
> In the end it was really the British Parliament who just got bored with the whole war in the colonies. And so after the defeat at Yorktown at the hands of the combined French / American forces, Cornwallis and his army literally just packed up and left.
Sorry ... not a lot of "driving the British" out. The Brits had better things to do elsewhere, like India. And that is another story.
@@soumyadiptamajumder8795 I don't believe I ever used the term "drive the British out" although I'm not sure what you would call losing two Armies and eventually giving up most(not all) of your colonies in North America after an eight year long war..but I digress. I respectfully disagree with you on a few points.
" Washington was not a particularly good general. Brave yes, skilled .. no. He lost far more battles than he won."
The short answer is you're right.. he was not a very good general...but he was a good leader of men..I will give you an example
The New York campaign was a disaster for the Continental Army. Washington's army was nearly destroyed in the opening battle and he lost every single engagement of the campaign and was forced to give up New York and New Jersey..at this point his army's enlistments were about to run out and desertion and death had whittled away at his numbers from around 23,000 at the beginning of the campaign to just around 2,000..But...with those few thousand remaining men that he was able to talk into staying and fighting on he was able to score victories at both Trenton and Princeton and outmaneuvering Cornwallis in New Jersey .(neither battle being especially huge for the time period) but the psychological effect it had on his men kept the revolution going..that's what a good leader is capable of...had the Continental Army disbanded after New York the rebellion would have ended in 1776 the same year it began
"> Had it not been for the French who were at constant war with the British around the world for dominance, the War of Independence would certainly have been lost to the British."
This is one I hear a lot..So a couple of things here..The French had been at peace with the British since 1763 at the close of the Seven Years War and having lost most of their North American empire(and while they always looked forward for a way to humiliate them when they could) were not in a hurry to get back into a military conflict with them, and as I stated in the previous example their were several times the American Revolution could have(and probably should have) been a failure for the colonies and a triumph for the British government between the years 1776-1778..(before the French allied themselves to the American cause)...but British military blunders and timely American victories are what bought us that alliance...it was earned not freely given
"> In the end it was really the British Parliament who just got bored with the whole war in the colonies. And so after the defeat at Yorktown at the hands of the combined French / American forces, Cornwallis and his army literally just packed up and left."
I have to admit I chuckled a little bit reading that..if by "bored "you mean that the government who was already in debt up to its ears before the war was now in financial panic after eight years of conflict with no end in sight and also losing two armies one under Burgoyne at Saratoga and one under Cornwallis at Yorktown(which at that point in history was almost unheard of for the early British empire)as well as being in a war with two colonial rivals (France and Spain)..then yes they were very "bored"....And that's probably why Lord Norths government was forced out of office under a vote of no confidence (only the second time that had ever happened at that point) because of the conduct of the American war ..because they were "bored"
I have actually really enjoyed this..thank you so much
“GIVE ME LEE!”
I’m sorry I had to 😂
Is it just me or at 10:38 does it looks like Philadelphia is on the NJ side of the Delaware River?
6:46 did I hear lord sandwich?
The fact that their was a plan to attack Detroit is crazy to me because that could have brought the war to my hometown which would be sieged in 1812
Following the completion of the American Revolution will Kings and Generals cover the Battle of Jamaica and the defense of Britain's sugar islands, on which the economy rested?
The writer here: The Battle of the Saintes will be the last one we cover in this series.
The battle of Monmouth. The battlefield is still preserved today. I live a few minutes from there. Every year A reenactment is conducted. A museum was constructed and original cannon balls, musket balls, muskets are on displayed. Open to public.
Von Steuben mention! 🌈🦅
Spain helped the revolutionaries, and then America destroyed their empire😂
What Empíre troll ? a infinite part of this and Spain had territories to1.976 with haundreds of thousands sq miles of size North of Morocco; Spanish Sáhara and Equatorial Guinea 😂😂🤣
I mean, the Spanish Empire crumbled long before the Spanish-American War.
typical american cowardice, the french and spanish bailed them out , and what did they do after that? attack spain when they were at their weakest point ever and make surrender jokes about the french.
@@smal750
“Typical”?
My dude, you talk as if they helped the Americans because of their good hearts and not interests.
After 1783, both Spain and France antagonized the US in one way or another. Also, the France surrender jokes are done even by Europeans.
@@LuisBrito-ly1ko
No ?
And you havent answered about spain
And its the americans who started the surrender jokes after they got salty the french refused to invade an innocent country irak
I never thought that French losses during the French and Indian war would make them extra amenable to alliance with the fledgling continental congress.
Same for Spain after the armada.
I remember arguing with a chatter that the previous historic events were instrumental in the american revolution. But he would not budge that taxes caused the revoultion and nothing else.
Theyre French they never win anything decisively.
@@TGBurgerGaming lol, are you american or british ? if you're american, your country exists thanks to France. If you're british, your country is just a former french colony that turned weird.
yeah, taxes were instrumental, but far from being the only stake. Another decisive factor, was the decision of the british crown to forbid the expansion of anglo-saxon settlers beyond the Appalaches, to keep good relations with both natives and french-canadians. Also the fact that after one or two generations of settling, in North Amercia ango-saxons settlers had lost their national attachment to Britain, and didn't feel anymore as part of this nation. Only the threat of the french kept the settlers and the british crown tied together. Once the french threat was removed, the settlers didn't need the british crown protection anymore.
@@bretonneux3389Not a French colony. Colonies provide resources and share the same head of state as the coloniser. England had Norman and French kings but they were separate from the king of France. Even though they may have been vassals in theory, through Normandy not England, in reality they waged a lot of wars against their apparent overlord.
@@fredbarker9201 well, kings of England were paying homage for the domains they owned in France. Meanwhile, the english royal court spoke in french, the whole english nobility had french as its native language, and a significant share of english lands was owned by french lords. "colony" here is indeed not much appropriated, but the virulence with which sometimes englishmen spit on France, let it guess there is an inferiority complex. I noticed that in the british politic life, the british seem to be far more obsessed with the french than the french ever think of the british.
"The Battle of Rhode Island would be the last major engagement of the Northern theatre"
*Springfield, New Jersey wants to know your location*
they will never find me.
But good point
The Writer Here: Would you have preferred: "The Battle of Rhode Island was the last major _independent_ engagement of the Northern theater. Washinton and Knyphausen would continue to poke at each other across New York Harbor for two years without really accomplishing anything. Indeed, many of the 1780 battles can be seen as distractions to keep Washington from coming south to confront Cornwallis?"
@@TheReaperEagle Sorry for being pushy. I live right around the corner from where the battle happened and have visited the site many times.
@@TheReaperEagle If you visit Springfield, the town sign says "Site of Forgotten Victory." It is seen as preventing the British from seizing the Hobart Gap and marching on Morristown, where Washington was still headquartered.
Where is episode 3?
Description
6:45 "lord sandwich" Wait what??? I so want to be lord of sandwiches. How to i get that title?
Is Charles Lee related to Robert E Lee? If so found my relatives ❤.
9:19
Maine uber alles! (although Maine wouldn't be recognized formerly for another 42 years)
Alguém pode me explicar porque eles adotaram a postura de dublar periodicamente os vídeos
Please do the Battle of Kings Mountain in American Revolution. My relative was a Colonel in that pivotal battle.
The Writer Here: That's in the next episode
As they say his enemies destroyed his rep America forgot him you forgot about Hamilton