5G NR Beamforming Mechanisms & Algorithms

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5G NR Beamforming Mechanisms & Algorithms
In 5G, there are multiple types of beams that are used to transmit different types of information. For instance, we have broadcast beams and traffic beams.
The Broadcast beams are mainly the common channel beams that are used to transmit SSB. The same beams are also used for other broadcast channels like CSI resources.
Then we have traffic beams which are mostly based on PMI or SRS. If the PMI based beams are used then those beams depend on CSI resources and configuration as the UE decodes the CSI resources to generate CSI feedback which carries the PMIs. If the SRS based beams are used then those depend on the UE's uplink coverage and the gNB uses the SRS to estimate the optimal beam candidate for the UE. In a nutshell,
- SSB Beams are Broadcast Type beams and cover larger areas.
- PMI based Beams are more focused and narrower. They are Traffic Type Beams.
- SRS Based Beams can be even more focused and they are also Traffic Type Beams.
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[@OurTechPlanet]

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[@amritpalaulakh4135]

Thanks for all of ur informative videos & explaining in such a simpler manner, just to add nowadays srs half band is getting used instead of full band which helps in overcoming the ue tx power limitations and improve the uplink accessibility of ue for srs. Would be good if you can post something on srs allocation procedure as its quite a complex concept.

[@OurTechPlanet]

Yes, correct. Nowadays, SRS half band is getting used as it increases the foot print for SRS based beamforming. Will add this topic to the list soon!

[@ShivamPandey-km6rv]

nice explanation

[@OurTechPlanet]

Thanks!

[@coolmunzir]

So SRS Based Beams will most likely be used in TDD scenario and PMI Based Beams in FDD scenario?

[@OurTechPlanet]

Yes, that would be the logical outcome

[@ebeb9156]

"gNB has mor comoutational power than UE side"
Lets remember that gNB side need to support at least 64 UE. Even than it became crazy task to calculate all inverse matrixec or do SVD for each UE.
Usually state of mind is quite oposite:
"UE need to do his work. Otherwise, ue is no good - Buy better one" (in terms of Downlink)
In terms of Uplink, you do minimum of what you can just to keep system in logical price range.

[@OurTechPlanet]

Good point!

[@vishaldhiman1625]

Sir can explain how UE to detect SSB in 5G? That would be great

[@OurTechPlanet]

Can you elaborate the question a bit more? You want to know how UE finds the SSB?

[@vishaldhiman1625]

​@@OurTechPlanetyes sir in the frequency domain how UE search the SSB?

[@OurTechPlanet]

@@vishaldhiman1625 In case of NSA, the LTE anchor tells the UE where the SSB is in frequency domain.
In case of SA, SSB is placed on GSCN raster so UE only scans the GSCN raster.