"Collapse" is the wrong word. Same with your Viking video. It implies that they were unified, and that there was some kind of organisation that fell apart. In both cases, it would be better to say "Decline".
@@Oneshotkill775 And ur'd be wrong. There was no 'collapse' the Celts were essentially 'assimiltated' by both the Roman and subsequent cultures, with the remnants hanging-on in the remote regions of Breton (Brittany) Wales, Kernow (Cornwall), Eire and Scotland. . In fact, ur the one that is 'splitting hairs' and in obvious ignorance.
Yes, the Celts were expanding until the rise of Rome. They moved into Cisalpine Gaul, Thrace and Asia Minor. They had raiding parties going into Greece at one time. But they were no match in the end for the more developed states and their ever improving technologies and tactics. That culminated in the invasion of Britain. The Romans went from hill fort to hill fort, built a tower, put siege equipment on it, destroyed the buildings in the fort and waited for surrender. Being brave and fierce didn’t bring victory anymore.
My favorite thing about the celts was that their houses were circles. This may not seems that special, but due to circle packing it caused their cities to form hexagonal blocks instead of square ones. And as every person of culture knows, hexagons are the bestagons.
Sounds right. I just got to dance on a parquet floor made of polished, hexagonal, fibreboard plaques, with the bolts well set in onto a plank grid below. Smooth and just right bouncy.
3:39 - "conquered the whole of Gaul" Well, not entirely. One small village of indomitable Gauls still held out against the invaders. Life was not easy for the roman legionaires who garrisoned the fortified camps of Totorum, Aquarium, Laudanum and Compendium.
@@tommytuomaala9087 Alexander wasn't afraid of anything, he was fearless to a fault leading to him almost dying multiple times during battles. he wanted to expand his empire as far as possible, had he not died when he did he would have started to expand west.
In ancient times Celtic and Italic languages were the most closely related language families in Europe. Some linguists even describe the Indo-European branch as "Italo-Celtic". It was probably one of the factors that contributed to Romance languages almost exclusively thriving in the Celtic regions of the Roman Empire.
@@TooDeepForSleep It's hard to pinpoint because we are talking about pre-history here. The European branch of Proto-Indo-European (ancestor of almost all European language) was spoken about 2500 BC. Proto-Italic and Proto-Celtic were each spoken about 1000 BC. So at some point between those two points Italo-Celtic would have been spoken. The most common culture associated with Italo-Celtic is the Tumulus Culture which existed between 1600-1200 BC in Bavaria. So they probably split around that time and then gradually evolved over time, one in Italy and the other in Central Europe. It was never a "drastic split" but more of a continuous and very gradual "drifting apart". It's kind of similar to how Italian, Spanish, French etc. all come from Latin. So it would be much easier for a Spanish person to learn Italian than let's say Russian.
Galicians like to be identified as Celts. Sorry, but that doesn't make them more Celtic than the French, the central Turks or northern Italians. I believe it is today more a romantic sentiment, which was born during the Galician national awakening mid XIX century. (Rosalia De Castro). Traditions and culture as well as the language are strongly Roman and apart from some archeological findings, today there is not much more. Celtic festivals and bagpipe music doesn't make Galicia more Celtic, because it is more a modern sociological phenomenon in Galicia. Also I would argue, that some linguistic and cultural traits are even more influenced by the later moorish culture than by the very old and few tribes that once inhabited the Galician region. Celts left very little heritage visible in today's Galicia. Similar to other parts of western and Central Europe. Galicia was once Germanic (Suebi) and even moorish, but they don't like to be associated with that, do they? ... even though it is more recent in history than the Celts.
@@KrlKngMrtssn Galician placenames, archtitecture, cuisine, music, festivals, mithology, etc are as Celtic as they are in Ireland. I don't know you got to that conclusion.
You completely skipped the Cantabrian wars where the celtic tribes gave the Romans a lot of trouble. It took longer for the Romans to conquer this small mountain region in northern Spain than it did for Caeser to conquer all of Gaul. Agrippa was so frustrated with how the campaign went that he refused to get a Triumph for it. This area is called Asturias and went unconquered by the Visigoths and Moors. It took in Christian refugees and was the birth place of the Reconquesta. They still use some celtic words in their unique language branch.
We actually studied that in history!(in spain). We were teached that there was an invasion to a castle that lasted decades from the romans and the habitants of the castle fighted so hard to survive that they even decided to die than to give up the castle. From this comes the spanish (latin)expression of "giving Numantine resistnace"@@autotransportbroker
7:42 "The Celts largely disappeared from continental Europe" The Celts were not exterminated by the Romans or by any other civilization. They mixed with the Romans and other people. What largely disappeared were the Celtic languages, not the Celtic peoples.
Good point, aspects of culture and civilisation still persist as peoples intermingle. It's not like you start speaking a different language and suddenly you forget all your traditions and way of life. Over time even religions get written over by the conquering civilisation's own but the local flavour survives. Like pagan influences on Christianity today for example, each region with its own local flavour.
@@marcrolle4601 You can change your language and your culture and still live. The question is does the modern population of continental Europe have a large percentage of Celt DNA.
@@greywolf7577 In the grand scheme of things, dna matters not one bit. We didn't even know it existed until a few decades ago. Culture and language is what makes a people. Genetically most Turks, for example, are still very closely related to the Greeks, much more so than they are to the Turkic peoples of Central Asia; still, because of the people's changes in culture and language, they have long since ceased to be Greeks.
1:53 "the first significant clash between the Celts and Romans came during the Gaulic wars".. this is inacurate.. the Romans and Gauls have been at each others troats for centuries: for instance the sack of Rome by the Gauls in 387BC, or Marius wars.
@@vrbe3694 He did, but the Cimbri who seem to have been the leaders of the "crusade" were Celts, and their route notably took them to every corner of Celtic Europe before they were destroyed. German tribes were frequently confederates of the Celts before they were confederates of the Romans and Huns. P.S. Interestingly, there was supposed to be a remnant of the Cimbri/Teutone survivors who settled northeast of Lake Garda, who still spoke a Celtic language right up until the 20th century.
Fun fact: the classic celtic leaf shaped bronze sword was thought to have started in modern day Germany but recent historians have found (through carbon and radiometric dating) that the oldest known celtic leaf sword was found in Wales and re-examination of germanic celtic blades has found Welsh copper used in the forging process. Thus concluding that although the celtic people did not unite they were aware of other tribes and that the British Celts and germanic Celts had a well established form of trade as there have been many diamonds found that appear to have been mined in central Europe. Ok maybe not fun but still interesting
@@contra_plano that’s nice to know. That Portugal edu system includes Celtic culture & heritage. In USA everything descends from England & had better pray to Jesus or you’re nowhere.
Galicians (and Portuguese) like to be identified as Celts. Sorry, but that doesn't make them more Celtic than the French, the central Turks or northern Italians. I believe it is today more a romantic sentiment, which was born during the Galician national awakening mid XIX century. (Rosalia De Castro). Traditions and culture as well as the language are strongly Roman and apart from some archeological findings, today there is not much more. Celtic festivals and bagpipe music doesn't make Galicia more Celtic, because it is more a modern sociological phenomenon in Galicia. Also I would argue, that some linguistic and cultural traits are even more influenced by the later moorish culture than by the very old and few tribes that once inhabited the Galician region. Celts left very little heritage visible in today's Galicia. Similar to other parts of western and Central Europe. Galicia was once Germanic (Suebi) and even moorish, but they don't like to be associated with that, do they? ... even though it is more recent in history than the Celts.
I find it the most annoying because I am a galo-portuguese descendant that bears a Celtic surname. and then it gets totally ignored under the Anglosphere lol
The "somehow" that the Romans beat Boudicca's rebellion is the same "somehow" they beat most of their other enemies, superior military tactics and unparalleled cohesion. It was always their greatest strength, until it wasn't.
As someone from Wales I'm particularly offended that you said Ireland and Scotland particularly kept their Celtic identitites, inferring that we did not. Of all the Celtic langauges Wales is the most widely spoken, our mythology and our culture endured in much the same way as the other two, it's just that Scotland and Ireland have a larger presence on the world stage, but Celtic culture is the backbone of Wale's identity.
Welsh culture survived the most. Notably for inducing Brythonic Culture (along with the Bretons) spreading a Breto-Welsh folklore and mythology. England and France burrowed from Welsh literature a lot. To testify Welsh culture. It's influence can be found in its literature in England, France, and even Germany.
That's quite true culturally, but Wales disappeared entirely as a political entity when Henry VIII extended the English (actually Anglosaxon) system of local government there so that "Wales" was just a number of counties like England also. This is why Wales never made it onto the national flag of the UK.
Same with Northwestern Iberia(Asturias-Cantabria-Galicia) we are all strongly Celtic & celebrate it today. Sadly in the near future we may be all that's left that preserves it as the whole UK appears to be getting replaced & indigenous culture with it. Yes it really is & at an unheard of intentional pace.
The story of the Celts is truly a tragic one. But you can't solely blame their decline on foreign enemies (like the Romans, Greeks, and Carthaginians). Their decline is just as much their own fault, as they refused, in most cases, to unite against these foreign threats. This enabled their conquerors, mostly the Romans, to take them apart, piece by piece. Only the war for Gaul, and the rebellion by Boudicca, represent actual cases where Celtic peoples unified against conquest. But in both cases, it was pretty much too late to make a difference. What happened to the Celts is a lot like what happened to Native Americans, in the 18th/19th Centuries. They did not unify well, against a common, powerful enemy, except in certain extreme cases. And by then, it was generally too late.
@@Zeerich-yx9po The fact that they finally did unite, in Gaul, is a sign that they could have united against Rome a lot sooner. But they chose not to. Because they refused to take Rome seriously, and never imagined Rome so powerful as to dominate all of Western Europe. If they had united into a proper imperial power around the time that Rome was tied up with their war against Carthage, they would have probably done a lot of damage that would have hampered Rome's growth. They did not. They could have, but they chose to ignore the Roman problem until Julius Caesar attacked Gaul. By then it was too late. If the Celts could unite in Gaul, they could have united a lot sooner. But they chose not to, because they underestimated the power of Rome. That's all that I'm saying.
@@Zeerich-yx9po Granted, that's a good point. But the Celtics would not have been pushed to the brink, like they were, if they had only worked together sooner. Sure, the Romans would have kept coming after them, but it would not have been a complete walkover, like it turned out to be. Just like the United States would look a lot different today, if Native Americans had banded together a lot sooner, Europe would be different as well, from the standpoint of bloodlines, if the Celts didn't all just try to go their own way. FRANCE would be a primarily Celtic state, the same as Ireland! Think about how weird that seems, but at one point, it could have been a reality! Think about how history would have been altered, if things turned out that way!! Also, there's a good chance the Roman influence on Europe would have been kept to a smaller size, if the Celts had presented a bigger obstacle to the Romans. Remember that the Germanic tribes of Central Europe are the ones who wound up holding up quite well against the Roman war machine. And the Germanic tribes were really not all that much more advanced than the Celts were, at their peak. And ultimately, it was a Germanic Hun, named Attila, who sacked Rome, and brought the entire western half of the empire crashing to its' knees. If the Huns could do it, there's no reason to think the Celts couldn't. They just allowed themselves to be picked apart early on, and that wound up killing them.
Yes the Romans benefited from the non-unification of the Celts but did not always have it Rome's way. For example Hadrian's Wall was a massive military response forced upon them.
@@ronniemcdonald2220 Extending their empire to the British Isles was a massive mistake. There was no need for them to settle on the Isle of Briton. They could have left that entire place to the Celts, and would have been just fine, because they would have at least controlled the Channel. Hadrian's Wall is just a classic example of expenses that could have gone elsewhere, if they didn't have the British headache foisted upon them. What eventually becomes England was just a massive military/economic drain on Rome, that did nothing to help them against the Goths, or the Huns, in the East. There was never any need to settle there. But England was literally an "ego trip" by one of the Roman Emperors, who wanted to be remembered for conquering SOMETHING, after he was gone. What he accomplished actually did nothing for Rome, and may have actually hastened Rome's collapse in the end.
I believe that the Asturius region of Spain also has some remaining Celtic heritage and language. They're sometimes included and at other times not, for some reason. It would have been nice to hear what happened to Celts in other areas such as Turkey. Everyone knows about the Gauls and Boudicca, but the history of the Celts in Spain, Turkey and central Europe is almost never discussed.
@@Northern85Star well... you're wrong based on the fact that I had a Lecturer in College who was an immigrant from India and she Embraced and integrated into Welsh Culture, she even learned to speak the language fluently...
Sure. They fought even before with the etruscans in Northern Italy, in pianura padana, where the Italian celtic tribes established previously there was etruscan colonies sometime. The italic powers and the celts fought for centuries.
Brennus is an absolute legend, after a crushing victory over romans he smashed macedonians and greeks too, but in the end died cause of wounds in a battle with greeks, without him, celts were repulsed by greeks. But fuck, no matter that they loosed later, they still won agaist legioners and phalanx (!) having an army of peaseants without armor, without tactics, without normal weapons and this is something really phenomenal.
I love the Celts. One of the most fascinating people to ever exist. They didn't really collapse or decline but just intermarried and blended into other European cultural groups such as England which has a strong Celtic hybrid culture mixed with Saxon, Viking and Norman influences. ( The same case in France and the rest of Europe.) The Celtic Countries ( Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Cornwall etc ) have thrived strongly to this day. I am sure most Europeans today have some Celtic DNA in their family tree. As a Zimbabwean, I have been honoured to find many Celtic ( from Scotland and Ireland ) ancestors in my family tree from the UK.
As an Englishman, I did a dna test recently, and I am entirely Northern European, Scottish, Welsh, English, Norwegian etc. and yes quite a decent chunk of my dna is Scottish which is fascinating because I do not have any direct Scottish family members
How can you do a video about the "Celtic decline" and not mention the large influxes of Germanic tribes that caused even more displacement was almost the nail in the coffin.
@@rns7426 Realistically although some intermarriages would of went on, there was also large misplacement, the evidence for this is the creation of states such as Brittany in France and Britonia in Spain, saying they just "carried on" makes no sense.
Sure it does. The old viewpoint of genocide and displacement has never had any evidence to back it up. It was an assumption based on no evidence. The people were more similar than different. Even modern dna pretty much show populations were absorbed. They didn’t disappear.
@@rns7426 Your not reading my answers properly, there is evidence for conflict within these events from historical texts and the replacement of language, do you think nobles would give up their position in society easily, not to mention the creation of kingdoms such as Britany which you ignored from my previous answer. My issue was when you said "they just carried on", intermarriages most likely were not without giving up of language, culture, history and traditions and I doubt the "brides" and their families would of had a great degree of choice from the new invaders, so it wasn't as if nothing would of happened. As for genocide during invasions such as the Anglo Saxon migration to Britain we have lots of evidence to back up conflict between the Romano-Britons and the Germanic invaders, but what your definition of a genocide actually is, you'll have to be more specific, but to say there was no conflict is a very vague and black and white belief.
@@finngregory3599 I never stated no conflict. I am suggesting there was more absorption over time than there was genocide or huge displacement in the British isles. Once again there has always been more similarities than differences. Not really an argument here. Just disagreeing with older theories that many adhered to for decades that haven’t really produced hard evidence for the over arching theme of invasion and genocide. Certainly there was conflict. You have to consider Celtic and Germanic tribes have never acted as one but as individual entities. It’s not hard to imagine some where in conflict while others were in league.
@@BobPantsSpongeSquare97 The Celts sacked Rome several hundred years before the Goths even appeared in history. Study the subject a bit before commenting; you avoid looking silly,
@@BobPantsSpongeSquare97 Back when Rome was still a relatively small republic around the 300s BC, it was sacked by a celtic tribe. This gave the celts a bad stigma to a degree, amongst the romans for centuries to come and was partially used as an excuse for Caesar's invasion of Gaul.
The Celts were an ancient force of nature! From their warrior culture to their mystical beliefs, they shaped much of Europe’s history. It’s fascinating how their influence spread across the continent, leaving a legacy that still echoes in modern culture today. This documentary beautifully captures the spirit of the Celts, revealing a world full of intrigue, fierce independence, and enduring traditions. Truly a must-watch for anyone captivated by ancient history!
"For some reason, the Romans won" (against Boudica). I'm sure you know many reasons why they won even though they were outnumbered. Better organisation, militarily and economically, better tactics and strategies, and the most important, ruthless in their actions.
@@mappingshaman5280100% right my friend. Even referring to her as a "general" is also not productive. Warlord or Tribal Leader is closer to her status. She had the bare bones idea for plans on how to attack, just "blah, roll over them with our numbers. Blah, revenge. Blah, wipe out every Roman." I understand the reason for her rebellion (its horrible and many can empathise with) and I can concede she did give the Romans a run for their money (for a time), but it's so wrong to elate her to goddess status simply because muh feminism is the "soup de jour" of modern morality/modern social ethics.
Also , boudica is probably a roman invention. Cassius dio simply could not have seen her and since it happened all the time with Roman writers you kinda have to admit that nobody else on the British isles mention her nor any other roman officials and that Cassius description fits the female representation of provinces. Since it was a popular uprising emerging from illiterate tribes it's very likely that Cassius simply invented boudica and based her character on the said province female representation already known to Roman urban dwellers who would read the story. ( roman provinces were depicted as women on different texts and sculptures, a very impressive collection of elaborate scenes inspired by the provinces mythology survived the ages in Greece )
@@Sharktankgaming Contrast that to the success of the Lusitanian leader Viriathus with a much smaller force than Boudica had.He initiated his campaign after the Roman massacre of the Lusitanians and had multiple victories against larger Roman forces but was ultimately murdered by 3 traitors within his ranks.
Why don´t you mention Northwestern Spain (Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria) and Northern Portugal (Minho, Trás-Montes) they also have bag-pipes. Also, similar landscape too
387BC the Celts defeated and sacked Rome. They even pulled the Senators beards and demanded gold payments to depart. Celts biggest problem appears to be lack of unity. Hadfields and McCoys in the American Appalachian mountains is the modern version of how they've been for thousands of years. I have their blood and know those divisions😬
By "happy Welsh noises" do you mean: llllllllll tttthhhhh dddddd?😂 No shade. As a native English speaker and someone who speaks Xhosa fluently, I can pronounce the latter two via my English and the first with my Xhosa. In Xhosa we write ll as hl. Words like: hlukuhla (shake), isihlahla (wrist), hleka (laugh) and hlala (sit) all have the ll (hl) sound. It's very common.
It would have been interesting if you also showed a map of its archaeological legacy outside the British Isles and the recovered languages, as well as Celtiberian and Galician-Lusitanian
This "isles" term you use should not be used to refer to Ireland, not even geographically, as Ireland is Irish, even the North is at most northern Irish.
Absolutely, you have many cultural traits in Galicia in North-west Spain. Many there also have the straight black hair, very pale faces that seem to be quite Celtic features.
It in all of Western Europe but only in those males who have haplogroup R1b who descend from the ancient Yamnayas because some Scottish clans had the Semitic haplogroup J, the Neolithic I, North African E or the Slavic R1a
I remember the writings of one Roman (I forget who) who basically said that the Celts lacked any real strategy when they attacked and would rely on their numbers and ferocity to win battles. The Roman strategy was to stand firm and let the Celts burn themselves out, then counterattack.
The ancient Celts were not just fierce warriors but also master craftsmen! They created intricate artwork, especially in metal, using techniques that were ahead of their time. The iconic Celtic knots and designs found in jewelry, weapons, and stone carvings are still admired today. Even though they never built large empires, their influence spread across Europe, and their culture can still be seen in parts of Ireland, Scotland, and Wales.
Because they were the only ones who join the romans in the beginning (tipical basque strategy) and when you are the only one alive, it is time to say everybody that you are super strong, and that is why you survived. But the reality is that they were smarter. That is why their language survived, but there is nearly no battles known in basque territory or even involving basque people. The famous basque warriors are always in the lines of the strongest civilization at the time.
So basically, Celts fought amongst themselves and collapsed instead of banding together. Imagine that. Stronger nations always take advantage of others quarreling. Vercingetorix realized that way too late. He may have been the the only one with some sense.
Same thing with illyrians, they never brcame allies to eachother every city was carrying for themselves, if the illyrians were unified, the roman empire history whould be totally different.
_". . . the first significant clash between the cultures of Rome and the Celtics came in the form of the Gallic Wars. These conflicts began in the year 58 BC and ended in 50 BC."_ Not true. The Celts actually sacked Rome in 387 BC after utterly defeating the Roman army at the Battle of Allia! The Celts only agreed to leave Rome when they were paid a ransom of gold weighing over 1000 pounds.
Horum omnium fortissimi sunt Belgae, propterea quod a cultu atque humanitate provinciae longissime absunt, minimeque ad eos mercatores saepe commeant atque ea quae ad effeminandos animos pertinent important, proximique sunt Germanis, qui trans Rhenum incolunt, quibuscum continenter bellum gerunt.
@@chiisuigintou I'm not sure what your point is C.S. I was commenting on the video's erroneous claim that the first encounter between the Celts (Gauls) and Rome took place in 58 BC when the actual first encounter took place in 387 BC. You are using a snippet from Julius Caesar's _Gallic War_ (written after 58 BC but referencing when he, Caesar fought them.) For those wondering what the Latin quote says: _"Of all these the Belgians are the bravest, because they live far away from culture and civilization, because they seldom see merchants who import things that weaken the soul, and because they are close to the Germans, who live over the Rhine and with whom they are constantly at war."_
Don't forget how the Gaulish leader Brennus pulled one of the nastiest flexes in history. They were negotiating over how much ransom the Romans would have to pay to get rid of the Gauls. Romans complained about unfair weights on the scale. Brennus put his sword onto the scale and said, *vae victis*. (Meaning "woe to the vanquished", or in more modern terms, "yer fucked")
Agrees, they were many tribes, like the Eburonion tribe, who fought these Romans and gave Julius Caesar a great defeat.,. Julius caesar later told.,. (Btw, Galia Belgica, or the region named Belgae, nowadays Belgium was home to several tribes) Horum omnium fortissimi sunt Belgae, propterea quod a cultu atque humanitate provinciae longissime absunt, minimeque ad eos mercatores saepe commeant atque ea quae ad effeminandos animos pertinent important, proximique sunt Germanis, qui trans Rhenum incolunt, quibuscum continenter bellum gerunt.
its really nice to see my peoples culture talked about there was a fair bit of mistakes in this video but thank you for making it and please do make more videos on my people
Saying 276,000 people speak Gaelic as a first language isn’t really true. That’s just people that live in gaeltachts ( Irish speaking areas ) and only about 20% of people living here use Gaelic on a daily basis
@Rusty Shackleford well in scotland theres only one school in glasgow that speaks gaelic as first language, there will be a lot more up north but im unsure as im no fae there lol pretty damn sad if i do say so myself, id love to speak scottish well even irish wouldnt go a miss.
@@itzskizzyk5472 Question 1: how close are Irish and Scottish Gaelic? Question 2: is there any overlap of Gaelic and Welsh? Question 3: are there any speakers of Cornish anywhere, or has the language disappeared?
@@riazhassan6570 1. very similar 2. unsure ive never studied either language 3. im not cornish nor english so i could not tell you, im scottish. you will need to ask an english person
@@riazhassan6570 Scottish Gaelic came from Ireland and is very close to Ulster Gaelic. Manx similarly came from Ireland. These are all 'Q' celtic languages. Welsh, Cornish and Breton are 'P' celtic languages, descended from the language of the pre-Roman Britons. When the Anglo-Saxons invaded and pushed the Britons westward, some crossed over to Brittany and the Bretons are their descendants. Cornish died out as a native language in the 18th century but has been revived and is known by a few hundred people in Cornwall, where it can be learnt in some schools. Manx also died out as native language in the 20th century but is kept alive by enthusiasts who learn it.
@Matthew Suciu Dude I know it has nothing to do with But Anatolian Turks and Turks in Central Asia are ethnically Turkish, but the only difference between them is that their cousins are different races, right?
@@bossofbosporus7624 Dude I know it has nothing to do with But Anatolian Turks and Turks in Central Asia are ethnically Turkish, but the only difference between them is that their cousins are different races, right?
Here are some similarities between Indian languages and Irish: Bhailé (town, pronounced as Baalya) : Palya (town in Kannada, Telugu, Tamil) Cuna (high quality or elegant) : Guna (Quality in Tamil, Kannada and most Indian languages) Bia (food) : Bua (Food in Telugu) Faiché (green or lawn, refer to the Irishname of St. Stephen's Green) : Pache (Green in Tamil Malayalam, Kodava, Telugu and Old Kannada) Dubh (Black, dark or shady) : Dhabba (stain in Hindi) Mc or Mac (son or Child) : Maga, Makkala/Makka/Makkalu (son or children in most South Indian languages. Innui (today) : Indhu/Inru (today in Kannada/ Tamil) Suaite (Mischief) : Cheshte/Settai (Mischief in Kannada/Tamil) Śeomra (Room) : Kamra (room in Hindi) Ranga (hall) : Ranga (hall in Kannada), Arangam in Tamil means the same Thalamh (ground) : (Thal means ground in Classical Hindi. Army is called Thal sena). Talam in Tamil means base. Cos (leg) : Kaalu/ Kaal( leg in Kannada/ Tamil) Ti ne (fire) : Thee in Tamil Cothu (nutrition) : Sathu in Tamil Dia (God) : Deva in most Indian languages. Taighde (research) : Thedu in Tamil means search Kil (Shrine) : Koil in Tamil and many more!
A Uralich tribe broke away from the main group that settled around the Baltic Sea and settled in Bavaria. But that is just in one region that was once considered to be a Celtic heartland.
Great video. Just letting you know the term "British isles" isn't accepted in Ireland. It's intertwined with centuries of politics despite it meant to being a geographical term.
Representing Breton culture here and proud of it. You're right, we're still consider ourselves close to other Celtic cultures. That's the good thing of being from a multiethnic and multiorigins culture, we're open minded towards others groups. Also you're totally right about us fighting each other hard, we still do it as of today but always in a fair spirit toward each other ;)
Si los pueblos Mediterráneos,Roma y Grecia no les enseñan a escribir a estos Bretones ,Sajones,Hermanos,Escandinavos etc.no nos estaríamos comunicando,estarían aún con pieles a los hombros....
Please consider adding to this a study of Galicia in northwestern Spain. As mentioned elsewhere in the comments, they do wear kilts and play a lowland-type bagpipe. But the people of the country-side also live much as they always have, with village chieftains and traditional political order. Their trad music is a bit more melodically oriented than the march-like rhythms of the Scots and dance patterns (jigs and reels) of the Irish. But still very Celtic sounding. They also use a drum very like the bodhran. A lovely, generous people!
Have in mind that back in the day, sailing along the coast was way more safer than traveling across the land. That could explain connection between Gallicia/Asturias - Brittany - Cornwall - Wales - Ireland - Isle of Man - West Scotland
Everyone who live in a Celtic area must be taught in a Celtic language in their schools, its important that we don't let an entire branch of the Indo-European Languages die out...
@@samueljesse2179 Interesting that Cornwall barely gets mentioned in this video and yet the language is enjoying a resurgence and the Celtic cultural icons are still prevalent throughout Cornwall.
Hi There! It was a great video.That is because,it went into details to discuss the overall celts history and culture and its impact on subsequent time.Scotland,Ireland and rest of the UK as well as France share history because of celts culture. Thanks.
There's a lot of holes in the knowledge in this video. He doesn't mention Celt Iberians, where many of the Irish and British Celts came from. He doesn't mention the uniting Celtic tribes that fought the Romans and even sacked Rome before the Galic wars, some of which were given lands and settled in northern Italy. He doesn't mention the uniting Celtic tribes that stopped the expansion of Rome into northern Britain and therefore also into Ireland. His understanding of the types of 'celtic' languages is very basic.
The Picts of Scotland were not Celts they wrote their language on hieroglyphs on standing stones most Scots have the Russia steppe gene from our Pictish ancestors as Irish, welsh and English don't have the gene our ancestors were the Scythians who also wrote their language in hieroglyphs ... the Celts originated from the Iberian Peninsular our Celtic blood comes from the Dal Riatans of Ireland who settled in North West Scotland www.scotsman.com/news/politics/genetics-show-many-scots-are-descended-russian-nomads-1463717 ...
The Triskele symbol you used in this video to represent the celts in Ireland and Britain isn't a Celtic symbol. Its predates them by 1000s of years. It was a symbol carved into Newgrange by the Neolithic people who almost completely disappeared in Ireland with the arrival of the bronze age people.
@@BeautifulGreen252 That's true but technically us Irish while we speak a celtic language we have very little "celtic" dna. The bell beaker people who arrived here during the bronze age make up the bulk. The geals who be a better name for us.
Not true. It's most importantly a European symbol, but it became Celtic over time because that's what the descendants of said Neolithic farmers became and still are.
@@spcm6781 There isn't really any Celtic DNA unless you're trying to say swiss or Austrian. Celtic just means European descended (mainly Atlantic and central) and either speaks or spoke a Celtic language, or practiced or practices some sott of Celtic culture.
@@douglas_fir Archaelogists are rethinking the singular 'origin' of Celtic culture. Just because Hallstatt/LaTene art deveoped in those regions doesn't mean all aspects of Celtic culture did. The development of what we now call Celtic culture was likely very dynamic. The Celtic languages were likely already prolific before the Hallstatt era. The Celts should not be viewed as a singular ethnic group but rather a cultural complex.
@Alan Collins Christians were in Europe way before Constantine, he just saw that they were now as almost as big as the Hellenic and accepted them, secondly, the Celtic religion was full of mysticism, head-hunting cannibalism, ritual sacrifices of people and things like that, also animism.
I'm of Pictish descent, from Nechtan Morbet I believe. Caledonians and Pictish (Pict or Picti being a roman insult) are thought as the ones who came before us, living in the northernmost part of Scotland. It's interesting to see how the Celtic side of things came to be, and how things carried down over time.
The northern 'Picts' at least seem to have been called after the Verturiones tribe. The Anglo-Saxons called them Werteras and their territory is often referred to as the kingdom of Fortriu. Fortriu/Werteras/Verturiones all having common origin in whatever the original name was.The southerners may have been grouped around the Maeatae (Miathi) tribe. I agree that the term Pict is not helpful. I suspect the Romans started referring to the people north of the Clyde-Forth line as Picts after the last invasion in 210 which was the last time the Romans attempted to invade further north. They washed their hands of everything north and fell back into using memes to refer to the people there.
The Celts failed for one simple reason. They were not united in their politics, militaries or actions. Caesar did not face the full might of the Celts until right up to the end. Vercingetorix tried to unite the Celts under one banner, but it was too little too late at that point. There is a lesson here to learn in these hyper partisan political times in the US. "A house divided cannot stand", especially against a near peer opponent that is united.
@@giannarosize nah they just tried to go for a "total domination" as france and the uk did before them (and the usa, russia and china after them), like evry other major power
True. A good number of Scottish towns further south and (as far as I'm aware) the Western Isles still hold to their culture. I know that Scots Gaelic is spoken natively further west, and currently I'm learning it up in the north. The culture and language will live for as long as there are people willing to keep it going.
@@mitchamcommonfair9543 it is true, the English always moan and complain about welsh road signs, and I’m pretty sure it was discussed to potentially remove them to keep the English happy. The English used to beat it out of welsh children back in the day, my great grandparents would be hit with the cane if the teacher heard them speak welsh. It was Litterally beaten out of children.
The celts and Roman’s fought centuries before Caesar, he wasn’t the first to clash with them. A lot of inaccuracies and generalities used in this video
The Celts did not "collapse" or "fail" we are still here alive and well. Ireland and Germany are the only two western countries that weren't dominated by Rome, our language still survives until this day along with our music, folklore, traditions etc. I am a fluent Irish speaker
@@rumpelstilzz WDYM, any Celts that remained in central Europe were overrun by Germanic tribes during the migration period. None of that had anything to do with Christianity.
It's not a portuguese dialect. It's galician....which shares the same roots as portuguese......could be virtually called the same language, but isn't for political reasons.
The Celts were in Great Britain and Ireland (and as far north as Iceland. Doubtless continental Celts did migrate to GB, but they’d been trading and intermarrying between tribes for thousands of years. The Celts were the so-called Ancient Britons. I refer you to the books of the eminent Cambridge professor, Barry Cunliffe.
@@buddyrojek9417 Are not those red haired people in Ukraine are descendants of the Kievan-Rus? Those were viking tribe, they founded Kiev. That was almost a thousand years after the Celts.
The Celts are one of those groups that I know there’s a big cultural mystique about, but I really know very little about them. I could definitely stand to learn more. Stay well out there everybody, and God bless you friends. :)
There is no "Celts". 'Celtis' is an old Latin word that means 'chisel'. There was never in history an ethnic group that identified as the 'chisels'. Gaelic is just Biblical Latin smeared over with Germanic influence. The earliest attestation of 'Gaelic' is all Early Medieval Catholic scripture. Its just pidgin Latin. The Tuatha De Dannan for example; were a Gaelic rendition of Isrealites from a series of 11th Century Biblical poems.
I think we should view our Celtic ancestry as a group of tribes, much like it was within Ireland itself before they united against the English. It was never an empire or nation and generally more tribal in nature. It doesn't change anything though, we all remain very proud of our origins.
The best The Celtics could do was called a proto Nation..always at war with other Celt tribes. Couldn't unify . Roman as a civilization more advanced just divided and concord. A great study.. worth reading many sources. The Celtics of Ireland were so savage that an Irish soldier would sacrifice his life on a Roman sword so his country man could kill the Roman.
Consider studying the "Celtic from the West Hypothesis". The Celts wouldn't have migrated to Britain and Ireland "just before" Roman invasion, but rather would've continuously developed already along the Atlantic Basin ever since Indo-Europeans contacted those areas.
Also, hasn't there been several revivals of Celtic identity in France? The French people are afterall predominantly Celtic in terms of genetics and descent
YES. Thank you. We are gallo romans here, not just roman, the gallo is not just to make it sound prettier. The population was not replaced, they just mixed.
@@maiavanwaes7590 Same in northern Italy, as northern italian "gallo-italic" languages resemble much the French more than Italian, as you can hear also on youtube: look for "Lombard language" or "Emilian language" and hear.
@@commenter4190 I just did now! How amazing! The emilian language is really a strange mix, you can hear all the different influences in it verry clearly. A beautifull legagy of our history, thank you so much for sharing!
@Reynz J yes they do, why do you say that ? th-cam.com/video/iESweHJMIoo/w-d-xo.html Go watch this video, it shows the genetic make up of every country in europe. It still makes more then 50% of our dna, england is not that ahead of us, Spain and Portugal still show their celto iberic origins as well, only the scotts and the irish kept more bc they live on islands. So stop thinking gaulish were whiped out, they were not, not at all, you don't erase the entire population of half a continent in a few years war. Like france and england had a war that lasted for a 100 years and both of us are still here, are we not? You don't make an entire population vanish, they just adapted.
@Reynz J again you're wrong. Romans were absolutly not known for perpetrating genocides... not at all. They were a culture a assimilation which is the most efficient way of colonization. This R1b group means that for modern genetics, those 3 groups mixed so much they do not even bother to specify the sub groups. And in order to mix you certainly need to be alive isnt it ? I mean, just check on frikin wikipedia at this point. en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Gaul With this part specificly explaining how it worked : In the five centuries between Caesar's conquest and the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, the Gaulish language and cultural identity underwent a syncretism with the Roman culture of the new governing class, and evolved into a hybrid Gallo-Roman culture that eventually permeated all levels of society.Gauls continued writing some inscriptions in the Gaulish language, but switched from the Greek alphabet to the Latin alphabet during the Roman period. Current historical research suggests that Roman Gaul was "Roman" only in certain (albeit major) social contexts, the prominence of which in material culture has hindered a better historical understanding of the permanence of many Celtic elements. The Roman influence was most apparent in the areas of civic religion and administration. The Druidic religion was suppressed by Emperor Claudius I, and in later centuries Christianity was introduced. The prohibition of Druids and the syncretic nature of the Roman religion led to disappearance of the Celtic religion. It remains to this day poorly understood: current knowledge of the Celtic religion is based on archeology and via literary sources from several isolated areas such as Ireland and Wales. So as you can read, the ruling class was roman, the administration was roman in nature, and they have sync, but the people living on the land were THE SAME PEOPLE AS BEFORE.
Yes we have the same R1b Haplogroups but us Italians we mixed with the Etruscans Pre Indoeuropeans Anatolian Neolitchs and Sud Italy much with the Greeks (that’s the motive why the sud Italians are so dark respect to the North that have more less Greek dna)
All the Western Europeans are related by the same ancestors with the haplogroup R1b as Dominant with the same Corded Ware and Bell-Beakers ancestors mixed with the Early Neolithics (who before they mixed with the Western Hunther Gathers) but us Italians we have more Neolitch dna why us ancestors the ITALICS mixed with the Etruscans Neolitchs and the Greeks (they have a lot of Neolitch dna in them why the majority of theyr ancestors where the Anatolian Neolitch Farmers and some Caucasus Hunther Gathers (that’s why the Greek are more close to the Middle Easterners))
The Celts DID have written language. But only their oligarchy, the druids, were permitted to learn how to read and write. Not even their monarchs were allowed to have this information. This is a big part of why the Celtic nations were never able to unify against enemies like Rome. Whenever the druids were killed by the Romans, the entire society would crumble. And nothing would be left for posterity to learn from.
Battle of Alesia wasn't that much "too little to late" - it was just as much the effect of the Ceasars Genius. I mean, they have walls and we cannot get them? Lets build our own walls, so that they cannot pierce through our siege. Oh, they asked reinforcements to break the encirclement? Lets build another set of walls so that they can not break the siege from outside. Battle of Alesia is one of the most iconic ones in history. It shows the extreme boldness of Ceasar.
They didn’t entirely collapse,they just integrated and assimilated into the fabric of Europe.There are still pockets in Northern Spain ,Ireland and outlying islands of Scotland that havea Gaelic dialect,although they are fading.
It is true that the Celts, their language, their culture, their identity, their sovereignty over the land, and their power became extinct, but their blood, their lineage, their people, and their genes still exist to this day, and the lineage of the Celtic people is the R1b haplogroup, and when we take a look at the distribution of this haplogroup on the map now, it completely matches the spread of the Celts in ancient times, and when we take a look at Iberia, we find Their ancestry is high, but their culture is completely extinct and they adopted the Latin identity, which comes from the Hubblegroup J2, as well as the Germanic I1, but we see a large presence of the Hubblegroup Celtic R in Britain.
Galicians like to be identified as Celts. Sorry, but that doesn't make them more Celtic than the French, the central Turks or northern Italians. I believe it is today more a romantic sentiment, which was born during the Galician national awakening mid XIX century. (Rosalia De Castro). Traditions and culture as well as the language are strongly Roman and apart from some archeological findings, today there is not much more. Celtic festivals and bagpipe music doesn't make Galicia more Celtic, because it is more a modern sociological phenomenon in Galicia. Also I would argue, that some linguistic and cultural traits are even more influenced by the later moorish culture than by the very old and few tribes that once inhabited the Galician region. Celts left very little heritage visible in today's Galicia. Similar to other parts of western and Central Europe. Galicia was once Germanic (Suebi) and even moorish, but they don't like to be associated with that, do they? ... even though it is more recent in history than the Celts.
@@KrlKngMrtssn The Suebi and the Visigoths did have a bigger impact in Galicia than the Moors ever did. Muslim occupation in northern Spain didnt last enough time as to leave a significant imprint
@@alfredosenalle9284 You need to research a little bit your own country my friend. The discussion is not about comparing the Celtic vs Arab heritage. It's about saying that the celtic identity in Galicia/Asturias/Portugal is a deliberate social construction and therefore not scientifically justifiable. It is a simple irrational belief in those places. A simple curiosity: The presence of Arabs in Galicia was indeed very shortlived, but interestingly there are in Galician over 2500 words of Arab origin (more than celtic origin): www.lavozdegalicia.es/noticia/lavozdelaescuela/2018/11/28/pegada-do-arabe-galicia/0003_201811SE28P6991.htm In Galicia there are 250 villages/towns/places with Arab origin: www.tdx.cat/bitstream/handle/10803/11017/Anexo3.pdf?sequence..
@@alfredosenalle9284 I am saying that the claim of Galicians (and more widely north western Iberians) of having some sort of "Celtic culture", in being a sort of modern Celts, to the same extent as Irish, Scottish or Welsh is totally nonsense. All of Iberia has nowadays a Latin culture, eat olive oil and speak Romance languages. Celticism is a romantic narrative in Galicia, born with the Rexurdimento and later with the Xeración Nós. It's artificially constructed.
Nice video mate. My only annoyance is the use of the word "British Isles" to refer to GB and Ireland. Most people in Ireland hate that phrase being used to include Ireland as well. I get that its a historically accurate commonly used phrase in a lot of the world but in Ireland, it just reminds us of our colonial past and present with the occupation of 6 northern counties. Keep up the good work anyway mate lol :)
Well isnt like anybody cares is like that already everybody use it, in france we say "isles britanniques" wich means british isles in spain "islas británicas" etc..
Well the Celts of Iberia still exist I should know I come from one of those tribes in eastern Spain. Despite being under Spanish control my people never abandon the Celtic culture in Spain despite being ruled by non Celtic peoples over the centuries.
As a Celt, you have no idea how much I’ve been waiting for this, good job, even if it is necessary to specify that the principal responsibles for the disappearance (Genocide) of the Celts in the actual Germany and Great Britain were the Germanic people such as Anglo-Saxons rather than other tribes.
There was no genocide, but assimilation. When Germanic peoples began to migrate across western Europe their culture greatly influenced the people they came across. The Celts in England, southern Germany, France, Swizterland, etc. adopted the culture and language of the Germanic invaders. Now that is not to say that there wasn't any bloodshed, but there wasn't an intentional blanket destruction of Celtic people. If any major depopulation occurred it would have more likely been the result of Celtic peoples leaving their native lands to avoid invading tribes. This is likely what happened to an extent in England. The Celts either moved or were pushed westward into Wales and Cornwall.
@@Eldred15 The celtic culture was more or less dead anyway when Germanics clashed with them, they were vulgar latin speaking Christian at that point. I'm from Switzerland, the area which had less celts and more Germanic settlers is now German speaking and the areas were celts retained a majority is now French speaking.
@@Eldred15 What you say migration, as the Anglo-Saxon did in Great Britain I sai it was an invasion. What you call assimilation, with millions of deaths, of raped women, murdered children and an extermination close to 60% of the population with much higher percentages for men, I call that GENOCIDE.
@@reschi56 yet genetics shows how the genome of the populations living in those territories has Germanic male genetic markers and a substantial part of Celtic female genetic markers. In short, let's not fool ourselves: the practice of exterminating men and raping women was not at all unusual at the time of the barbarian invasions.
@@francescocattaneo8256 Dude I know it has nothing to do with But Anatolian Turks and Turks in Central Asia are ethnically Turkish, but the only difference between them is that their cousins are different races, right?
I love learning about the Celts! I am most likely part Celtic (my mum’s family is Irish) so it’s like I’m learning a little piece of my own family’s history
I’m not sure how accurate that is. Brittany the only part of France with a strong Celtic background. That’s not to say there is no one of Celtic decent in the rest of France, I think other cultures such as the Germanic Franks and the Romans are more dominant culturally than the Celts. I could be mistaken of course, I am no expert on French genealogy or history.
I'm Québécoise. From the very beginning, the Irish joined the French settlers, and ran the woods with us, and fought the English with us. We were both Catholic and enemies of the United Kingdom. And the French coureurs des bois came mostly from Bretagne, including my ancestors, which is also Celtic so as we say here "on a les atômes crochus"--which literally translates as "we have hooked atoms" and means our beings right down to our very essence are meant to link together. These Irish settlers were so many and had such a huge influence on our culture, the folkloric music and dance of Québec is deeply rooted in Irish culture. Our gigs and reels sound the same except any lyrics are in French. The step-dancing is the same, except the upper body moves with Gallic abandon instead of being straight and rigid. There were so many Irish playing Irish sports one of the very first laws passed in Quebec City was to prohibit the playing of hurley in the streets as it was disrupting horse-and-carriage traffic--the precursor to street hockey. Our first commercial beer was from an Irish brewer and for some reason its name became an exclamation still used to this day: "Ie Boswell!" We received an ever bigger influx of Irish immigrants in 1847 and 1848 during the Famine when Irish coffin ships were turned away from Boston and New York City and everywhere except Quebec. There's an island downriver from Quebec City in the St. Lawrence River, l'Île des Irlandais, also known as Quarantine Island or Grosse Île. We built hospitals and dormitories and kitchens and churches and cemeteries. We all worked together side by side, English and French, Catholic and Protestant, to save as many lives as we could among the starved and sickly, desperate and diseased Irish refugees. Of many large families often only a few orphans survived, including my great-grandmother, the youngest and only survivor of a big brood. Quebec families were asked to adopt them at masses throughout the region. The priests wrote back: "Send me more orphans! My parishioners are fighting over them!" All of the orphans were adopted, including my great-grandmother, given a good home by fur merchants in Quebec City by the name of Poulain. I have ancestors from Ireland, Scotland, Cornwall and Wales from my English-speaking side, and Ireland and Bretagne from my French side. I just need an ancestor from the Isle of Manx to complete the set. I almost have the Celtic Fringe covered! All that to say, the Celts never went away. We just migrated and mixed and matched. We're not only still here, we're all over the place. One of the greatest diaspora of all time. You'd have to go to Antarctica to find a place without an Irish pub. And even then I bet you either the British or Australian research station has one!
2:32 wow interesting think only In Nusantara archipelago (Now become a modern Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei) that the soliders fight Naked but in Nusantara is make sense to fight naked cause the weather is so hot so this make wearing the protection gear is very not effective but in Europe the weather is so cold 😅😅😅
Fun fact: in keeping celtic traditions alive, people still sometimes fight naked in Ireland. It's not as common for obvious reasons but maby like 6 or 7 times a year you could see two naked guys fighting on the streets
@@KrlKngMrtssn I suspect you´re right but Galicians do have a Celtic link and feel it in their bones. Their country is not like Spain. Neither is their music or culture and above all they are a stubborn people who are impossible to tame. Interesting that two people as far apart ideologically as Franco and Fidel Castro were Galicians. BTW so was my father-in-law, a Brazilian gallego. This is the Celtic trait. Be the same but be completely different at the same time.
Phew "i'm a celt" is probably stretching it a bit too much. You're as much a Celt as you're a Roman or a Greek. All these ancient cultures have influenced our very own civilization that yet is a very distinct thing. The stories you hear (and see - it's the age of movies!), the foodstuffs you eat, the clothes you wear, the values you hold, the implements you use, the kind of work you do… where's that Celtic? If you're living in a liberal democracy like (almost) anywhere in Western or Central Europe, Northern America, and large parts of East Asia - then that's the basket future historians will put you in.
not fair in 0:45, you did not mention Celtic people in Anatolia, but the Celtic community was pretty strong before the greek invasion to minor Anatolia. Even some people(which came as the group of Celtic people to Anatolia around 600 ad, even some of them pretty famous saint in history) in Anatolia during Byzantium time was still speaking a Celtic language which Turkish tribes start to settle around let's say after 1050.
Every time I hear of a woman being spoken as a major player in these history videos in Ancient History always surprises me, and Boudicca did incredibly well!
She did very well as a guiding beacon for others to follow but she seriously should've gotten someone else to do the strategizing and planning for battles.
One feature of ancient Celtic culture was that chieftains could be either men or women. Boudica was the most famous female chieftain, but not the only one.
The author doesn’t speak about Galicians. It’s also a Celtic culture. As a french Breton, I’m feeling sorry for not speaking a single word of the language but France did a good work of trying to erase the culture and language so it’s only a very people trying to revive it
"Collapse" is the wrong word. Same with your Viking video. It implies that they were unified, and that there was some kind of organisation that fell apart. In both cases, it would be better to say "Decline".
That's a good point
Agreed
ur right but ur really splitting hairs
@@Oneshotkill775 And ur'd be wrong. There was no 'collapse' the Celts were essentially 'assimiltated' by both the Roman and subsequent cultures, with the remnants hanging-on in the remote regions of Breton (Brittany) Wales, Kernow (Cornwall), Eire and Scotland.
.
In fact, ur the one that is 'splitting hairs' and in obvious ignorance.
It’s a better word for a title of a TH-cam video though collapse will get more clicks than saying decline
Why did the Celts decline?
Short answer: Rome
Yes, the Celts were expanding until the rise of Rome. They moved into Cisalpine Gaul, Thrace and Asia Minor. They had raiding parties going into Greece at one time. But they were no match in the end for the more developed states and their ever improving technologies and tactics. That culminated in the invasion of Britain. The Romans went from hill fort to hill fort, built a tower, put siege equipment on it, destroyed the buildings in the fort and waited for surrender. Being brave and fierce didn’t bring victory anymore.
@Motasem The expansion was also stopped by others, Macedonians, Pergamon, Carthago but the decline, yes, Rome.
From Celtic English language came
@@gokulvasan6880 English is more German / Saxon.
@@alainmellaerts8926 Short answer: People with technology stopped them
My favorite thing about the celts was that their houses were circles. This may not seems that special, but due to circle packing it caused their cities to form hexagonal blocks instead of square ones. And as every person of culture knows, hexagons are the bestagons.
France = hexagon
Hexagons ARE the Bestagons
Sounds right. I just got to dance on a parquet floor made of polished, hexagonal, fibreboard plaques, with the bolts well set in onto a plank grid below. Smooth and just right bouncy.
3:39 - "conquered the whole of Gaul"
Well, not entirely. One small village of indomitable Gauls still held out against the invaders. Life was not easy for the roman legionaires who garrisoned the fortified camps of Totorum, Aquarium, Laudanum and Compendium.
Shocked that no one said this before!
Lol!
underrated comment
Asterix and obelix reference! Those comics were soo good! Just cos of that I’m subbing to ye
You forgot the delirium camp ;)
Didn't the Gauls sack Rome centuries before Julius Caesar was born? I think Rome had interacted with Celts a long time before the Gallic Wars.
Yes, by Brennus, 390 BC. "vae victis"
even alexander the great was afraid to expand west
@@tommytuomaala9087 Alexander wasn't afraid of anything, he was fearless to a fault leading to him almost dying multiple times during battles. he wanted to expand his empire as far as possible, had he not died when he did he would have started to expand west.
@@theswedishdude1 🤦♂️
@@theswedishdude1 If only he hadn't died. He might have lived longer. :p
Galicia and Asturias in Spain also consider themselves Celtic cultural strongholds
In ancient times Celtic and Italic languages were the most closely related language families in Europe. Some linguists even describe the Indo-European branch as "Italo-Celtic". It was probably one of the factors that contributed to Romance languages almost exclusively thriving in the Celtic regions of the Roman Empire.
Wow
Indo european
Very interesting and could be true actually
Why are they so different now?
edit: when did they separate so drastically?
@@TooDeepForSleep It's hard to pinpoint because we are talking about pre-history here. The European branch of Proto-Indo-European (ancestor of almost all European language) was spoken about 2500 BC. Proto-Italic and Proto-Celtic were each spoken about 1000 BC. So at some point between those two points Italo-Celtic would have been spoken. The most common culture associated with Italo-Celtic is the Tumulus Culture which existed between 1600-1200 BC in Bavaria. So they probably split around that time and then gradually evolved over time, one in Italy and the other in Central Europe. It was never a "drastic split" but more of a continuous and very gradual "drifting apart".
It's kind of similar to how Italian, Spanish, French etc. all come from Latin. So it would be much easier for a Spanish person to learn Italian than let's say Russian.
No mention of Galicia Spain and northern Portugal. Till today at festivals the play bagpipes and wear kilts.
Asturias and Cantabria too
I was looking for this comment
Galicians like to be identified as Celts. Sorry, but that doesn't make them more Celtic than the French, the central Turks or northern Italians. I believe it is today more a romantic sentiment, which was born during the Galician national awakening mid XIX century. (Rosalia De Castro). Traditions and culture as well as the language are strongly Roman and apart from some archeological findings, today there is not much more. Celtic festivals and bagpipe music doesn't make Galicia more Celtic, because it is more a modern sociological phenomenon in Galicia. Also I would argue, that some linguistic and cultural traits are even more influenced by the later moorish culture than by the very old and few tribes that once inhabited the Galician region. Celts left very little heritage visible in today's Galicia. Similar to other parts of western and Central Europe. Galicia was once Germanic (Suebi) and even moorish, but they don't like to be associated with that, do they? ... even though it is more recent in history than the Celts.
@@KrlKngMrtssn Galician placenames, archtitecture, cuisine, music, festivals, mithology, etc are as Celtic as they are in Ireland. I don't know you got to that conclusion.
@@jorgeh.r9879 None of those things matter. They are mere relics. What matters is dna.
You completely skipped the Cantabrian wars where the celtic tribes gave the Romans a lot of trouble. It took longer for the Romans to conquer this small mountain region in northern Spain than it did for Caeser to conquer all of Gaul. Agrippa was so frustrated with how the campaign went that he refused to get a Triumph for it. This area is called Asturias and went unconquered by the Visigoths and Moors. It took in Christian refugees and was the birth place of the Reconquesta. They still use some celtic words in their unique language branch.
Wow. I didn't know that. Good info. It could be a movie.
We actually studied that in history!(in spain). We were teached that there was an invasion to a castle that lasted decades from the romans and the habitants of the castle fighted so hard to survive that they even decided to die than to give up the castle. From this comes the spanish (latin)expression of "giving Numantine resistnace"@@autotransportbroker
La sangre de Austrias corre por mis venas.Viva Asturias!
Also in the territory they named Lusitania.
@@Cuasimodo-d7q That's an interesting expressions. Thanks for that.
7:42 "The Celts largely disappeared from continental Europe"
The Celts were not exterminated by the Romans or by any other civilization. They mixed with the Romans and other people. What largely disappeared were the Celtic languages, not the Celtic peoples.
Same thing
If the language and culture die, the people die. That's the oldest history lesson one can see.
Good point, aspects of culture and civilisation still persist as peoples intermingle. It's not like you start speaking a different language and suddenly you forget all your traditions and way of life. Over time even religions get written over by the conquering civilisation's own but the local flavour survives. Like pagan influences on Christianity today for example, each region with its own local flavour.
@@marcrolle4601 You can change your language and your culture and still live. The question is does the modern population of continental Europe have a large percentage of Celt DNA.
@@greywolf7577 In the grand scheme of things, dna matters not one bit. We didn't even know it existed until a few decades ago. Culture and language is what makes a people.
Genetically most Turks, for example, are still very closely related to the Greeks, much more so than they are to the Turkic peoples of Central Asia; still, because of the people's changes in culture and language, they have long since ceased to be Greeks.
1:53 "the first significant clash between the Celts and Romans came during the Gaulic wars".. this is inacurate.. the Romans and Gauls have been at each others troats for centuries: for instance the sack of Rome by the Gauls in 387BC, or Marius wars.
This
There are plenty of inaccuracies i this video. I still liked it. But still
Agreed. Can’t believe they got this wrong
@@vrbe3694 He faced a mixed Celtic-Germanic coalition. Boiorix was a Celtic king.
@@vrbe3694 He did, but the Cimbri who seem to have been the leaders of the "crusade" were Celts, and their route notably took them to every corner of Celtic Europe before they were destroyed. German tribes were frequently confederates of the Celts before they were confederates of the Romans and Huns.
P.S. Interestingly, there was supposed to be a remnant of the Cimbri/Teutone survivors who settled northeast of Lake Garda, who still spoke a Celtic language right up until the 20th century.
Fun fact: the classic celtic leaf shaped bronze sword was thought to have started in modern day Germany but recent historians have found (through carbon and radiometric dating) that the oldest known celtic leaf sword was found in Wales and re-examination of germanic celtic blades has found Welsh copper used in the forging process. Thus concluding that although the celtic people did not unite they were aware of other tribes and that the British Celts and germanic Celts had a well established form of trade as there have been many diamonds found that appear to have been mined in central Europe. Ok maybe not fun but still interesting
They not only traded with eachother but also with the greeks, etrucans and latins. They even imported whine!
I find it amazing that Hispania/Iberia is always just ignored when talking about the celts xD
Haha yea lol. Same with the Balkans.
In Portugal we know their presence in history classes. Like Lusitanos, Visigodos...
@@contra_plano that’s nice to know. That Portugal edu system includes Celtic culture & heritage. In USA everything descends from England & had better pray to Jesus or you’re nowhere.
Galicians (and Portuguese) like to be identified as Celts. Sorry, but that doesn't make them more Celtic than the French, the central Turks or northern Italians. I believe it is today more a romantic sentiment, which was born during the Galician national awakening mid XIX century. (Rosalia De Castro). Traditions and culture as well as the language are strongly Roman and apart from some archeological findings, today there is not much more. Celtic festivals and bagpipe music doesn't make Galicia more Celtic, because it is more a modern sociological phenomenon in Galicia. Also I would argue, that some linguistic and cultural traits are even more influenced by the later moorish culture than by the very old and few tribes that once inhabited the Galician region. Celts left very little heritage visible in today's Galicia. Similar to other parts of western and Central Europe. Galicia was once Germanic (Suebi) and even moorish, but they don't like to be associated with that, do they? ... even though it is more recent in history than the Celts.
I find it the most annoying because I am a galo-portuguese descendant that bears a Celtic surname. and then it gets totally ignored under the Anglosphere lol
The "somehow" that the Romans beat Boudicca's rebellion is the same "somehow" they beat most of their other enemies, superior military tactics and unparalleled cohesion. It was always their greatest strength, until it wasn't.
It was until rome couldn't recover their armies. They could always recover easily comapred to other enemies
As someone from Wales I'm particularly offended that you said Ireland and Scotland particularly kept their Celtic identitites, inferring that we did not. Of all the Celtic langauges Wales is the most widely spoken, our mythology and our culture endured in much the same way as the other two, it's just that Scotland and Ireland have a larger presence on the world stage, but Celtic culture is the backbone of Wale's identity.
Welsh culture survived the most. Notably for inducing Brythonic Culture (along with the Bretons) spreading a Breto-Welsh folklore and mythology.
England and France burrowed from Welsh literature a lot.
To testify Welsh culture. It's influence can be found in its literature in England, France, and even Germany.
Will Wales secede ? It’s similar to how Ukraine is trying to shake off Russian imperialism to protect language rights
That's quite true culturally, but Wales disappeared entirely as a political entity when Henry VIII extended the English (actually Anglosaxon) system of local government there so that "Wales" was just a number of counties like England also. This is why Wales never made it onto the national flag of the UK.
Agreed, and no mention of Cornwall
Same with Northwestern Iberia(Asturias-Cantabria-Galicia) we are all strongly Celtic & celebrate it today. Sadly in the near future we may be all that's left that preserves it as the whole UK appears to be getting replaced & indigenous culture with it. Yes it really is & at an unheard of intentional pace.
The story of the Celts is truly a tragic one. But you can't solely blame their decline on foreign enemies (like the Romans, Greeks, and Carthaginians). Their decline is just as much their own fault, as they refused, in most cases, to unite against these foreign threats. This enabled their conquerors, mostly the Romans, to take them apart, piece by piece. Only the war for Gaul, and the rebellion by Boudicca, represent actual cases where Celtic peoples unified against conquest. But in both cases, it was pretty much too late to make a difference.
What happened to the Celts is a lot like what happened to Native Americans, in the 18th/19th Centuries. They did not unify well, against a common, powerful enemy, except in certain extreme cases. And by then, it was generally too late.
@@Zeerich-yx9po The fact that they finally did unite, in Gaul, is a sign that they could have united against Rome a lot sooner.
But they chose not to. Because they refused to take Rome seriously, and never imagined Rome so powerful as to dominate all of Western Europe. If they had united into a proper imperial power around the time that Rome was tied up with their war against Carthage, they would have probably done a lot of damage that would have hampered Rome's growth.
They did not. They could have, but they chose to ignore the Roman problem until Julius Caesar attacked Gaul. By then it was too late. If the Celts could unite in Gaul, they could have united a lot sooner. But they chose not to, because they underestimated the power of Rome. That's all that I'm saying.
@@Zeerich-yx9po Granted, that's a good point.
But the Celtics would not have been pushed to the brink, like they were, if they had only worked together sooner. Sure, the Romans would have kept coming after them, but it would not have been a complete walkover, like it turned out to be. Just like the United States would look a lot different today, if Native Americans had banded together a lot sooner, Europe would be different as well, from the standpoint of bloodlines, if the Celts didn't all just try to go their own way. FRANCE would be a primarily Celtic state, the same as Ireland! Think about how weird that seems, but at one point, it could have been a reality! Think about how history would have been altered, if things turned out that way!!
Also, there's a good chance the Roman influence on Europe would have been kept to a smaller size, if the Celts had presented a bigger obstacle to the Romans. Remember that the Germanic tribes of Central Europe are the ones who wound up holding up quite well against the Roman war machine. And the Germanic tribes were really not all that much more advanced than the Celts were, at their peak. And ultimately, it was a Germanic Hun, named Attila, who sacked Rome, and brought the entire western half of the empire crashing to its' knees. If the Huns could do it, there's no reason to think the Celts couldn't. They just allowed themselves to be picked apart early on, and that wound up killing them.
Yes the Romans benefited from the non-unification of the Celts but did not always have it Rome's way. For example Hadrian's Wall was a massive military response forced upon them.
@@ronniemcdonald2220 Extending their empire to the British Isles was a massive mistake. There was no need for them to settle on the Isle of Briton. They could have left that entire place to the Celts, and would have been just fine, because they would have at least controlled the Channel. Hadrian's Wall is just a classic example of expenses that could have gone elsewhere, if they didn't have the British headache foisted upon them.
What eventually becomes England was just a massive military/economic drain on Rome, that did nothing to help them against the Goths, or the Huns, in the East. There was never any need to settle there. But England was literally an "ego trip" by one of the Roman Emperors, who wanted to be remembered for conquering SOMETHING, after he was gone. What he accomplished actually did nothing for Rome, and may have actually hastened Rome's collapse in the end.
Pontiac, Tecumseh, Sitting Bull/Crazy Horse being among the more notable attempts at unifying among Native Americans...
What happened to the Celts?
Not much we just chilling
@lawrence rummerfield Centuries of rule by the English
@lawrence rummerfield many of us do speak it
Celts? We're Yanks, Aussies, Canadian- we speak English now
I believe that the Asturius region of Spain also has some remaining Celtic heritage and language. They're sometimes included and at other times not, for some reason. It would have been nice to hear what happened to Celts in other areas such as Turkey. Everyone knows about the Gauls and Boudicca, but the history of the Celts in Spain, Turkey and central Europe is almost never discussed.
We Celts haven't gone anywhere, here's to another 3000 years! Onen Hag Oll!
Shame
@@chickeninyeezes3759 doubtful, we are everywhere, quite a Few Celtic towns in countries around the world.
Multiethnic/multiculturalism is the last nail in the coffin for you. No immigrant is going to want to learn celtic.
@@Northern85Star well... you're wrong based on the fact that I had a Lecturer in College who was an immigrant from India and she Embraced and integrated into Welsh Culture, she even learned to speak the language fluently...
@@xLionsxxSmithyx Doesnt matter. 99% wont do it, and you are becoming an ethnic minority like everyone else native to western europe. RIP.
Brennus and his Senones sacked Rome in 390 BC. Some might consider that an earlier confrontation than the Gallic Wars.
Sure. They fought even before with the etruscans in Northern Italy, in pianura padana, where the Italian celtic tribes established previously there was etruscan colonies sometime. The italic powers and the celts fought for centuries.
Battle of the Allia, Gaulish celts sack Rome
Brennus is an absolute legend, after a crushing victory over romans he smashed macedonians and greeks too, but in the end died cause of wounds in a battle with greeks, without him, celts were repulsed by greeks. But fuck, no matter that they loosed later, they still won agaist legioners and phalanx (!) having an army of peaseants without armor, without tactics, without normal weapons and this is something really phenomenal.
They fought in alliance with Italian tribes, the Greeks and even Carthage
I love the Celts. One of the most fascinating people to ever exist. They didn't really collapse or decline but just intermarried and blended into other European cultural groups such as England which has a strong Celtic hybrid culture mixed with Saxon, Viking and Norman influences. ( The same case in France and the rest of Europe.) The Celtic Countries ( Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Cornwall etc ) have thrived strongly to this day. I am sure most Europeans today have some Celtic DNA in their family tree. As a Zimbabwean, I have been honoured to find many Celtic ( from Scotland and Ireland ) ancestors in my family tree from the UK.
Yma o Hyd!
We’re still here 😉✌️
@@TheAwillz 💯%💯👌😎👍👍
As an Englishman, I did a dna test recently, and I am entirely Northern European, Scottish, Welsh, English, Norwegian etc. and yes quite a decent chunk of my dna is Scottish which is fascinating because I do not have any direct Scottish family members
@@TheAwillz yes we are
@@ahmetkirdag4489 I’m English
How can you do a video about the "Celtic decline" and not mention the large influxes of Germanic tribes that caused even more displacement was almost the nail in the coffin.
I don’t think it was displacement. I think they all just intermarried and carried on.
@@rns7426 Realistically although some intermarriages would of went on, there was also large misplacement, the evidence for this is the creation of states such as Brittany in France and Britonia in Spain, saying they just "carried on" makes no sense.
Sure it does.
The old viewpoint of genocide and displacement has never had any evidence to back it up. It was an assumption based on no evidence. The people were more similar than different.
Even modern dna pretty much show populations were absorbed. They didn’t disappear.
@@rns7426 Your not reading my answers properly, there is evidence for conflict within these events from historical texts and the replacement of language, do you think nobles would give up their position in society easily, not to mention the creation of kingdoms such as Britany which you ignored from my previous answer. My issue was when you said "they just carried on", intermarriages most likely were not without giving up of language, culture, history and traditions and I doubt the "brides" and their families would of had a great degree of choice from the new invaders, so it wasn't as if nothing would of happened. As for genocide during invasions such as the Anglo Saxon migration to Britain we have lots of evidence to back up conflict between the Romano-Britons and the Germanic invaders, but what your definition of a genocide actually is, you'll have to be more specific, but to say there was no conflict is a very vague and black and white belief.
@@finngregory3599 I never stated no conflict.
I am suggesting there was more absorption over time than there was genocide or huge displacement in the British isles.
Once again there has always been more similarities than differences.
Not really an argument here. Just disagreeing with older theories that many adhered to for decades that haven’t really produced hard evidence for the over arching theme of invasion and genocide.
Certainly there was conflict.
You have to consider Celtic and Germanic tribes have never acted as one but as individual entities.
It’s not hard to imagine some where in conflict while others were in league.
And also the celts were the first to sack Rome
Are the Goths lumped in with the Celts?
@@BobPantsSpongeSquare97 The Celts sacked Rome several hundred years before the Goths even appeared in history. Study the subject a bit before commenting; you avoid looking silly,
@@richardirvine1997 Well thats why I was asking a question son. You act like I told the OP they were wrong lmao
@@BobPantsSpongeSquare97 Back when Rome was still a relatively small republic around the 300s BC, it was sacked by a celtic tribe. This gave the celts a bad stigma to a degree, amongst the romans for centuries to come and was partially used as an excuse for Caesar's invasion of Gaul.
@@richardirvine1997 you look silly and edgy, sit down boi.
The Celts were an ancient force of nature! From their warrior culture to their mystical beliefs, they shaped much of Europe’s history. It’s fascinating how their influence spread across the continent, leaving a legacy that still echoes in modern culture today. This documentary beautifully captures the spirit of the Celts, revealing a world full of intrigue, fierce independence, and enduring traditions. Truly a must-watch for anyone captivated by ancient history!
"For some reason, the Romans won" (against Boudica). I'm sure you know many reasons why they won even though they were outnumbered. Better organisation, militarily and economically, better tactics and strategies, and the most important, ruthless in their actions.
And also the fact boudica was basically useless as a military general.
@@mappingshaman5280100% right my friend. Even referring to her as a "general" is also not productive. Warlord or Tribal Leader is closer to her status. She had the bare bones idea for plans on how to attack, just "blah, roll over them with our numbers. Blah, revenge. Blah, wipe out every Roman." I understand the reason for her rebellion (its horrible and many can empathise with) and I can concede she did give the Romans a run for their money (for a time), but it's so wrong to elate her to goddess status simply because muh feminism is the "soup de jour" of modern morality/modern social ethics.
🏴 Ha!
Also , boudica is probably a roman invention. Cassius dio simply could not have seen her and since it happened all the time with Roman writers you kinda have to admit that nobody else on the British isles mention her nor any other roman officials and that Cassius description fits the female representation of provinces. Since it was a popular uprising emerging from illiterate tribes it's very likely that Cassius simply invented boudica and based her character on the said province female representation already known to Roman urban dwellers who would read the story. ( roman provinces were depicted as women on different texts and sculptures, a very impressive collection of elaborate scenes inspired by the provinces mythology survived the ages in Greece )
@@Sharktankgaming Contrast that to the success of the Lusitanian leader Viriathus with a much smaller force than Boudica had.He initiated his campaign after the Roman massacre of the Lusitanians and had multiple victories against larger Roman forces but was ultimately murdered by 3 traitors within his ranks.
Why don´t you mention Northwestern Spain (Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria) and Northern Portugal (Minho, Trás-Montes) they also have bag-pipes. Also, similar landscape too
Celts came from basque
Bagpipes originated in Persia, and Romans brought them to Europe.
@@vgjl1824 that is just not true
387BC the Celts defeated and sacked Rome. They even pulled the Senators beards and demanded gold payments to depart. Celts biggest problem appears to be lack of unity. Hadfields and McCoys in the American Appalachian mountains is the modern version of how they've been for thousands of years. I have their blood and know those divisions😬
The Celts haven't collapsed! We're still here! In Ireland, and Wales, and Scotland!!!😁
And America 😉
@@valhalla9688 Of course!!!!👍👍👍😁
Good to know
@@brianmsahin i like celtic culture
Still here 💪
When the channels I'm subscribed to talk about celtic culture
**happi welsh noises!**
By "happy Welsh noises" do you mean: llllllllll tttthhhhh dddddd?😂
No shade. As a native English speaker and someone who speaks Xhosa fluently, I can pronounce the latter two via my English and the first with my Xhosa. In Xhosa we write ll as hl.
Words like: hlukuhla (shake), isihlahla (wrist), hleka (laugh) and hlala (sit) all have the ll (hl) sound. It's very common.
Said "English squire" :p
*Username checks out*
Happy britain noises too
yet you're called english squire
It would have been interesting if you also showed a map of its archaeological legacy outside the British Isles and the recovered languages, as well as Celtiberian and Galician-Lusitanian
This "isles" term you use should not be used to refer to Ireland, not even geographically, as Ireland is Irish, even the North is at most northern Irish.
good to know
Absolutely, you have many cultural traits in Galicia in North-west Spain. Many there also have the straight black hair, very pale faces that seem to be quite Celtic features.
It in all of Western Europe but only in those males who have haplogroup R1b who descend from the ancient Yamnayas because some Scottish clans had the Semitic haplogroup J, the Neolithic I, North African E or the Slavic R1a
@John C northern Ireland was colonised by ulster scots not exclusively celtic Irish.
Thays what they've been fighting over fir the last 400 years.
We Celts haven't gone anywhere. The irish, scottish, manx, welsh, cornish, and Bretons are all Celtic
Let's be honest here, the modern "Celts" have much, much more in common with Anglo Saxons then they do with their ancient ancestors.
The Gallo-Romans became the French. The Franks only replaced the top layer of society.
What? The English are more Celtic than the Irish, Scottish and Welsh
I bet you don't use a Celtic language as your first one
@@mk9650 Cé mhéad ba mhaith leat geall a dhéanamh?
I remember the writings of one Roman (I forget who) who basically said that the Celts lacked any real strategy when they attacked and would rely on their numbers and ferocity to win battles. The Roman strategy was to stand firm and let the Celts burn themselves out, then counterattack.
The ancient Celts were not just fierce warriors but also master craftsmen! They created intricate artwork, especially in metal, using techniques that were ahead of their time. The iconic Celtic knots and designs found in jewelry, weapons, and stone carvings are still admired today. Even though they never built large empires, their influence spread across Europe, and their culture can still be seen in parts of Ireland, Scotland, and Wales.
It's a mystery and a miracle how the Basque culture and language managed to survive yet the continental celtic culture and languages didn't
Because they were the only ones who join the romans in the beginning (tipical basque strategy) and when you are the only one alive, it is time to say everybody that you are super strong, and that is why you survived. But the reality is that they were smarter. That is why their language survived, but there is nearly no battles known in basque territory or even involving basque people. The famous basque warriors are always in the lines of the strongest civilization at the time.
All that northern coast of Spain is quite mountainous and inhospitable relative to the fertile lands to the south. They were probably left alone.
Most basque are French but they have strong DNA and regional identity.
@@victorg8924 basques are the perfect example of the phrase: "if you can't fight them, joint them".
So basically, Celts fought amongst themselves and collapsed instead of banding together. Imagine that. Stronger nations always take advantage of others quarreling. Vercingetorix realized that way too late. He may have been the the only one with some sense.
Liberty dies to slave hordes
Julius Caesar recorded a case that two Celtic tribes he was facing on battlefield started to fight between themselves.
@FlyingMonkies325 Reading your comment, even in my head, makes me wanna take a breath. Man, use commas, please.
Same thing with illyrians, they never brcame allies to eachother every city was carrying for themselves, if the illyrians were unified, the roman empire history whould be totally different.
alexander attila kadaffi they all are one man shows why it is easy to overpower such cultures
The depth of research in this ancient history documentary is incredible. Learned so much in just one sitting!
_". . . the first significant clash between the cultures of Rome and the Celtics came in the form of the Gallic Wars. These conflicts began in the year 58 BC and ended in 50 BC."_
Not true. The Celts actually sacked Rome in 387 BC after utterly defeating the Roman army at the Battle of Allia! The Celts only agreed to leave Rome when they were paid a ransom of gold weighing over 1000 pounds.
Horum omnium fortissimi sunt Belgae, propterea quod a cultu atque humanitate provinciae longissime absunt, minimeque ad eos mercatores saepe commeant atque ea quae ad effeminandos animos pertinent important, proximique sunt Germanis, qui trans Rhenum incolunt, quibuscum continenter bellum gerunt.
@@chiisuigintou I'm not sure what your point is C.S. I was commenting on the video's erroneous claim that the first encounter between the Celts (Gauls) and Rome took place in 58 BC when the actual first encounter took place in 387 BC. You are using a snippet from Julius Caesar's _Gallic War_ (written after 58 BC but referencing when he, Caesar fought them.)
For those wondering what the Latin quote says: _"Of all these the Belgians are the bravest, because they live far away from culture and civilization, because they seldom see merchants who import things that weaken the soul, and because they are close to the Germans, who live over the Rhine and with whom they are constantly at war."_
Don't forget how the Gaulish leader Brennus pulled one of the nastiest flexes in history. They were negotiating over how much ransom the Romans would have to pay to get rid of the Gauls. Romans complained about unfair weights on the scale. Brennus put his sword onto the scale and said, *vae victis*. (Meaning "woe to the vanquished", or in more modern terms, "yer fucked")
You mean declined. They were never a unified empire so they never collapsed
Agrees, they were many tribes, like the Eburonion tribe, who fought these Romans and gave Julius Caesar a great defeat.,.
Julius caesar later told.,.
(Btw, Galia Belgica, or the region named Belgae, nowadays Belgium was home to several tribes)
Horum omnium fortissimi sunt Belgae, propterea quod a cultu atque humanitate provinciae longissime absunt, minimeque ad eos mercatores saepe commeant atque ea quae ad effeminandos animos pertinent important, proximique sunt Germanis, qui trans Rhenum incolunt, quibuscum continenter bellum gerunt.
its really nice to see my peoples culture talked about there was a fair bit of mistakes in this video but thank you for making it and please do make more videos on my people
Saying 276,000 people speak Gaelic as a first language isn’t really true. That’s just people that live in gaeltachts ( Irish speaking areas ) and only about 20% of people living here use Gaelic on a daily basis
@Rusty Shackleford well in scotland theres only one school in glasgow that speaks gaelic as first language, there will be a lot more up north but im unsure as im no fae there lol pretty damn sad if i do say so myself, id love to speak scottish well even irish wouldnt go a miss.
Welsh is actually in a much healthier position than Irish and is on target to get 1 million speakers by 2050.
@@itzskizzyk5472 Question 1: how close are Irish and Scottish Gaelic? Question 2: is there any overlap of Gaelic and Welsh? Question 3: are there any speakers of Cornish anywhere, or has the language disappeared?
@@riazhassan6570 1. very similar 2. unsure ive never studied either language 3. im not cornish nor english so i could not tell you, im scottish. you will need to ask an english person
@@riazhassan6570 Scottish Gaelic came from Ireland and is very close to Ulster Gaelic. Manx similarly came from Ireland. These are all 'Q' celtic languages. Welsh, Cornish and Breton are 'P' celtic languages, descended from the language of the pre-Roman Britons. When the Anglo-Saxons invaded and pushed the Britons westward, some crossed over to Brittany and the Bretons are their descendants. Cornish died out as a native language in the 18th century but has been revived and is known by a few hundred people in Cornwall, where it can be learnt in some schools. Manx also died out as native language in the 20th century but is kept alive by enthusiasts who learn it.
As usual, great video Knowledgia. Looking forward for more :D
Disappointingly inaccurate and uninformative.
See other comments
@Matthew Suciu other comments by other people on this video.
@Matthew Suciu Dude I know it has nothing to do with But Anatolian Turks and Turks in Central Asia are ethnically Turkish, but the only difference between them is that their cousins are different races, right?
@@bossofbosporus7624 Dude I know it has nothing to do with But Anatolian Turks and Turks in Central Asia are ethnically Turkish, but the only difference between them is that their cousins are different races, right?
Here are some similarities between Indian languages and Irish:
Bhailé (town, pronounced as Baalya) : Palya (town in Kannada, Telugu, Tamil)
Cuna (high quality or elegant) : Guna (Quality in Tamil, Kannada and most Indian languages)
Bia (food) : Bua (Food in Telugu)
Faiché (green or lawn, refer to the Irishname of St. Stephen's Green) : Pache (Green in Tamil Malayalam, Kodava, Telugu and Old Kannada)
Dubh (Black, dark or shady) : Dhabba (stain in Hindi)
Mc or Mac (son or Child) : Maga, Makkala/Makka/Makkalu (son or children in most South Indian languages.
Innui (today) : Indhu/Inru (today in Kannada/ Tamil)
Suaite (Mischief) : Cheshte/Settai (Mischief in Kannada/Tamil)
Śeomra (Room) : Kamra (room in Hindi)
Ranga (hall) : Ranga (hall in Kannada), Arangam in Tamil means the same
Thalamh (ground) : (Thal means ground in Classical Hindi. Army is called Thal sena). Talam in Tamil means base.
Cos (leg) : Kaalu/ Kaal( leg in Kannada/ Tamil)
Ti ne (fire) : Thee in Tamil
Cothu (nutrition) : Sathu in Tamil
Dia (God) : Deva in most Indian languages.
Taighde (research) : Thedu in Tamil means search
Kil (Shrine) : Koil in Tamil
and many more!
A Uralich tribe broke away from the main group that settled around the Baltic Sea and settled in Bavaria. But that is just in one region that was once considered to be a Celtic heartland.
The Celtic Holocaust, by Dan Carlin.
Best audio on this subject I’ve come across, yet.
Great video. Just letting you know the term "British isles" isn't accepted in Ireland. It's intertwined with centuries of politics despite it meant to being a geographical term.
What do they call them in Ireland?
@@uuutuuube3691 bri'ish isles
@@uuutuuube3691 we just say, Ireland & Britain, if we have to mention both Islands
@@lester4506 no we don’t. Never. Not used or recognised by Irish government either.
@@murpho999
But used by just about everybody else.
Representing Breton culture here and proud of it. You're right, we're still consider ourselves close to other Celtic cultures. That's the good thing of being from a multiethnic and multiorigins culture, we're open minded towards others groups. Also you're totally right about us fighting each other hard, we still do it as of today but always in a fair spirit toward each other ;)
Si los pueblos Mediterráneos,Roma y Grecia no les enseñan a escribir a estos Bretones ,Sajones,Hermanos,Escandinavos etc.no nos estaríamos comunicando,estarían aún con pieles a los hombros....
Celts, your culture is really great, I hope, you will save it for the future generations
This ancient history documentary makes learning about history so exciting and engaging!
Please consider adding to this a study of Galicia in northwestern Spain. As mentioned elsewhere in the comments, they do wear kilts and play a lowland-type bagpipe. But the people of the country-side also live much as they always have, with village chieftains and traditional political order. Their trad music is a bit more melodically oriented than the march-like rhythms of the Scots and dance patterns (jigs and reels) of the Irish. But still very Celtic sounding. They also use a drum very like the bodhran. A lovely, generous people!
Have in mind that back in the day, sailing along the coast was way more safer than traveling across the land. That could explain connection between Gallicia/Asturias - Brittany - Cornwall - Wales - Ireland - Isle of Man - West Scotland
Bagpipes are not celtic. Kilts are not celtic. Galician people are not celtic. "Celtic" music doesn't exist
Everyone who live in a Celtic area must be taught in a Celtic language in their schools, its important that we don't let an entire branch of the Indo-European Languages die out...
Agreed
@@ryanhughes6405 Cornwall is integrated into England although they are Celtic through and through and see themselves as a nation within a nation
@@samueljesse2179 cool fact
@@samueljesse2179 Interesting that Cornwall barely gets mentioned in this video and yet the language is enjoying a resurgence and the Celtic cultural icons are still prevalent throughout Cornwall.
@@simoncoish2661 keep dreaming simon
Hi There! It was a great video.That is because,it went into details to discuss the overall celts history and culture and its impact on subsequent time.Scotland,Ireland and rest of the UK as well as France share history because of celts culture.
Thanks.
There's a lot of holes in the knowledge in this video. He doesn't mention Celt Iberians, where many of the Irish and British Celts came from. He doesn't mention the uniting Celtic tribes that fought the Romans and even sacked Rome before the Galic wars, some of which were given lands and settled in northern Italy. He doesn't mention the uniting Celtic tribes that stopped the expansion of Rome into northern Britain and therefore also into Ireland. His understanding of the types of 'celtic' languages is very basic.
The Picts of Scotland were not Celts they wrote their language on hieroglyphs on standing stones most Scots have the Russia steppe gene from our Pictish ancestors as Irish, welsh and English don't have the gene our ancestors were the Scythians who also wrote their language in hieroglyphs ... the Celts originated from the Iberian Peninsular our Celtic blood comes from the Dal Riatans of Ireland who settled in North West Scotland www.scotsman.com/news/politics/genetics-show-many-scots-are-descended-russian-nomads-1463717 ...
Dear heaven, holes is not the word. Did he get the info out of a school book.
No mention of Caesar's two landings in Britain nor Hadrian's wall....
The Triskele symbol you used in this video to represent the celts in Ireland and Britain isn't a Celtic symbol. Its predates them by 1000s of years. It was a symbol carved into Newgrange by the Neolithic people who almost completely disappeared in Ireland with the arrival of the bronze age people.
@@BeautifulGreen252 That's true but technically us Irish while we speak a celtic language we have very little "celtic" dna. The bell beaker people who arrived here during the bronze age make up the bulk. The geals who be a better name for us.
Not true. It's most importantly a European symbol, but it became Celtic over time because that's what the descendants of said Neolithic farmers became and still are.
@@spcm6781 There isn't really any Celtic DNA unless you're trying to say swiss or Austrian. Celtic just means European descended (mainly Atlantic and central) and either speaks or spoke a Celtic language, or practiced or practices some sott of Celtic culture.
@@douglas_fir Yes I agree that's why I said "celtic" dna in comas
@@douglas_fir Archaelogists are rethinking the singular 'origin' of Celtic culture. Just because Hallstatt/LaTene art deveoped in those regions doesn't mean all aspects of Celtic culture did. The development of what we now call Celtic culture was likely very dynamic. The Celtic languages were likely already prolific before the Hallstatt era. The Celts should not be viewed as a singular ethnic group but rather a cultural complex.
My mother's people came from Breton, Brittany France and I'm proud of that heritage and ancestry,also knowing I'm a Celtic as well!💙
breton? ;) that makes two of us
@@JeMeSouvienPu Bretton region of France,today's Brittany France.🙂
Gauls were celtics as well.
I'm muslims.. but I love the history of cristians, rommans.. crusaders... Just love them
@Alan Collins Yes you are correct but I think he didn’t mean to say that celts were Christian. He meant he loved European history as a whole.
I also love middle eastern history. Uruk, Israel, Assyria, Babylon, Persia, Islamic golden age you name it
@@IbadKM Exactly..
@Alan Collins Christians were in Europe way before Constantine, he just saw that they were now as almost as big as the Hellenic and accepted them, secondly, the Celtic religion was full of mysticism, head-hunting cannibalism, ritual sacrifices of people and things like that, also animism.
Sa' alam brother Ali. I think the study of history can be a cultural bridge. Nice.
I'm of Pictish descent, from Nechtan Morbet I believe. Caledonians and Pictish (Pict or Picti being a roman insult) are thought as the ones who came before us, living in the northernmost part of Scotland. It's interesting to see how the Celtic side of things came to be, and how things carried down over time.
The northern 'Picts' at least seem to have been called after the Verturiones tribe. The Anglo-Saxons called them Werteras and their territory is often referred to as the kingdom of Fortriu. Fortriu/Werteras/Verturiones all having common origin in whatever the original name was.The southerners may have been grouped around the Maeatae (Miathi) tribe. I agree that the term Pict is not helpful. I suspect the Romans started referring to the people north of the Clyde-Forth line as Picts after the last invasion in 210 which was the last time the Romans attempted to invade further north. They washed their hands of everything north and fell back into using memes to refer to the people there.
Thanks. I am learning a lot from your videos. 😍👍
The Celts failed for one simple reason. They were not united in their politics, militaries or actions. Caesar did not face the full might of the Celts until right up to the end. Vercingetorix tried to unite the Celts under one banner, but it was too little too late at that point.
There is a lesson here to learn in these hyper partisan political times in the US. "A house divided cannot stand", especially against a near peer opponent that is united.
Strange. I read the word Celt was an 18th century borrowing from French which ultimately comes from the medieval Latin word for 'chisel'....
Celt come from the Greek name Keltoi for the people north of the Danube.
It predates Latin
What's with the subtitles being so different from the audio?
Waiting for the series on German and Italian War of Unification 👍👍
Love Germany so much 🇾🇪❤️🇩🇪
Respect Italy from Yemen 🇾🇪🤝🇮🇹
@@hackedbyusa8819 I also love germany ❤ it's history is very interesting and fascinating
@@anglowarrior7970 when they stop living in mud huts they ruin Europe with every chance they had
@@giannarosize I doesn't like that part of history I love roman and macedonian empire and its successor states history in antiquity
@@giannarosize nah they just tried to go for a "total domination" as france and the uk did before them (and the usa, russia and china after them), like evry other major power
Nice to know that the languages are spoken till date and traditions alive.
True. A good number of Scottish towns further south and (as far as I'm aware) the Western Isles still hold to their culture. I know that Scots Gaelic is spoken natively further west, and currently I'm learning it up in the north. The culture and language will live for as long as there are people willing to keep it going.
@@camerondon3712 we still speak welsh here in wales. But the English want it gone, like they always have.
@@bassmasta93 That isn't true. There was no banning of language
@@mitchamcommonfair9543 it is true, the English always moan and complain about welsh road signs, and I’m pretty sure it was discussed to potentially remove them to keep the English happy.
The English used to beat it out of welsh children back in the day, my great grandparents would be hit with the cane if the teacher heard them speak welsh.
It was Litterally beaten out of children.
@@bassmasta93
Welsh teachers would do that. But then I expect there is always someone else to blame eh?
The celts and Roman’s fought centuries before Caesar, he wasn’t the first to clash with them. A lot of inaccuracies and generalities used in this video
The Celts did not "collapse" or "fail" we are still here alive and well. Ireland and Germany are the only two western countries that weren't dominated by Rome, our language still survives until this day along with our music, folklore, traditions etc. I am a fluent Irish speaker
The Picts of modern day Scotland weren't conquered by the Romans.
Very little, if any, Celtic tradition or language in Germany, though.
@@KaiHenningsen But for that, Rome is not to blame. Rather catholicism. Oh wait, the Vatikan is in Rome...
@@rumpelstilzz WDYM, any Celts that remained in central Europe were overrun by Germanic tribes during the migration period. None of that had anything to do with Christianity.
@@KaiHenningsen that's not what he means. He means that Germany, alongside Ireland was one of the places that the Romans never conquered.
Celts also remain in northwestern Spain, known as “gallegos” although they speak a Portuguese dialect not related to Gaelic.
The Portuguese language originated in Galicia
It's not a portuguese dialect. It's galician....which shares the same roots as portuguese......could be virtually called the same language, but isn't for political reasons.
I'm not sure where you find your pictures, but Boudica was never married to Hereward the Wake. They lived 1000 years apart.
Age can never stop true love.
The Celts were in Great Britain and Ireland (and as far north as Iceland. Doubtless continental Celts did migrate to GB, but they’d been trading and intermarrying between tribes for thousands of years. The Celts were the so-called Ancient Britons. I refer you to the books of the eminent Cambridge professor, Barry Cunliffe.
In my village in Ukraine, Carpathian mountain, they play an instrument similar to the bagpipe and many red haired people in Wrstern Ukraine
@@buddyrojek9417 Are not those red haired people in Ukraine are descendants of the Kievan-Rus? Those were viking tribe, they founded Kiev. That was almost a thousand years after the Celts.
@@otapi i am in the Western region, they say the celtic genetics extended this far East
The Celts are one of those groups that I know there’s a big cultural mystique about, but I really know very little about them. I could definitely stand to learn more.
Stay well out there everybody, and God bless you friends. :)
Mística ... Los celtas fueron combatidos especialmente por los romanos por sus sacrificios humanos. Que estaban prohibidos en Roma .
Back at ya buddy
I'd say the Germanic migrations also contributed to their decline. For example the franks came into france displacing the gaul-latin population.
There is no "Celts". 'Celtis' is an old Latin word that means 'chisel'. There was never in history an ethnic group that identified as the 'chisels'.
Gaelic is just Biblical Latin smeared over with Germanic influence. The earliest attestation of 'Gaelic' is all Early Medieval Catholic scripture. Its just pidgin Latin.
The Tuatha De Dannan for example; were a Gaelic rendition of Isrealites from a series of 11th Century Biblical poems.
I'm Scottish and it bracks my heart to hear alot of this
I think we should view our Celtic ancestry as a group of tribes, much like it was within Ireland itself before they united against the English. It was never an empire or nation and generally more tribal in nature. It doesn't change anything though, we all remain very proud of our origins.
The best The Celtics could do was called a proto Nation..always at war with other Celt tribes. Couldn't unify . Roman as a civilization more advanced just divided and concord. A great study.. worth reading many sources. The Celtics of Ireland were so savage that an Irish soldier would sacrifice his life on a Roman sword so his country man could kill the Roman.
Consider studying the "Celtic from the West Hypothesis". The Celts wouldn't have migrated to Britain and Ireland "just before" Roman invasion, but rather would've continuously developed already along the Atlantic Basin ever since Indo-Europeans contacted those areas.
Celtic from the west is nonsense
Also, hasn't there been several revivals of Celtic identity in France? The French people are afterall predominantly Celtic in terms of genetics and descent
YES. Thank you. We are gallo romans here, not just roman, the gallo is not just to make it sound prettier. The population was not replaced, they just mixed.
@@maiavanwaes7590 Same in northern Italy, as northern italian "gallo-italic" languages resemble much the French more than Italian, as you can hear also on youtube: look for "Lombard language" or "Emilian language" and hear.
@@commenter4190 I just did now! How amazing! The emilian language is really a strange mix, you can hear all the different influences in it verry clearly. A beautifull legagy of our history, thank you so much for sharing!
@Reynz J yes they do, why do you say that ? th-cam.com/video/iESweHJMIoo/w-d-xo.html
Go watch this video, it shows the genetic make up of every country in europe. It still makes more then 50% of our dna, england is not that ahead of us, Spain and Portugal still show their celto iberic origins as well, only the scotts and the irish kept more bc they live on islands. So stop thinking gaulish were whiped out, they were not, not at all, you don't erase the entire population of half a continent in a few years war. Like france and england had a war that lasted for a 100 years and both of us are still here, are we not? You don't make an entire population vanish, they just adapted.
@Reynz J again you're wrong. Romans were absolutly not known for perpetrating genocides... not at all. They were a culture a assimilation which is the most efficient way of colonization.
This R1b group means that for modern genetics, those 3 groups mixed so much they do not even bother to specify the sub groups. And in order to mix you certainly need to be alive isnt it ?
I mean, just check on frikin wikipedia at this point. en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Gaul
With this part specificly explaining how it worked :
In the five centuries between Caesar's conquest and the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, the Gaulish language and cultural identity underwent a syncretism with the Roman culture of the new governing class, and evolved into a hybrid Gallo-Roman culture that eventually permeated all levels of society.Gauls continued writing some inscriptions in the Gaulish language, but switched from the Greek alphabet to the Latin alphabet during the Roman period. Current historical research suggests that Roman Gaul was "Roman" only in certain (albeit major) social contexts, the prominence of which in material culture has hindered a better historical understanding of the permanence of many Celtic elements. The Roman influence was most apparent in the areas of civic religion and administration. The Druidic religion was suppressed by Emperor Claudius I, and in later centuries Christianity was introduced. The prohibition of Druids and the syncretic nature of the Roman religion led to disappearance of the Celtic religion. It remains to this day poorly understood: current knowledge of the Celtic religion is based on archeology and via literary sources from several isolated areas such as Ireland and Wales.
So as you can read, the ruling class was roman, the administration was roman in nature, and they have sync, but the people living on the land were THE SAME PEOPLE AS BEFORE.
Can we take a moment to appreciate how much time ancient people must have spent chiseling everything? That’s some dedication.
Read the book by Peter Berrisford Ellis. One of the best histories of the Celtic tribes ever written.
I think Romans were also Celts. Romans and Gauls spoke similar languages that were mutually intelligible.
Yes we have the same R1b Haplogroups but us Italians we mixed with the Etruscans Pre Indoeuropeans Anatolian Neolitchs and Sud Italy much with the Greeks (that’s the motive why the sud Italians are so dark respect to the North that have more less Greek dna)
All the Western Europeans are related by the same ancestors with the haplogroup R1b as Dominant with the same Corded Ware and Bell-Beakers ancestors mixed with the Early Neolithics (who before they mixed with the Western Hunther Gathers) but us Italians we have more Neolitch dna why us ancestors the ITALICS mixed with the Etruscans Neolitchs and the Greeks (they have a lot of Neolitch dna in them why the majority of theyr ancestors where the Anatolian Neolitch Farmers and some Caucasus Hunther Gathers (that’s why the Greek are more close to the Middle Easterners))
The Celts DID have written language. But only their oligarchy, the druids, were permitted to learn how to read and write. Not even their monarchs were allowed to have this information. This is a big part of why the Celtic nations were never able to unify against enemies like Rome. Whenever the druids were killed by the Romans, the entire society would crumble. And nothing would be left for posterity to learn from.
Battle of Alesia wasn't that much "too little to late" - it was just as much the effect of the Ceasars Genius. I mean, they have walls and we cannot get them? Lets build our own walls, so that they cannot pierce through our siege. Oh, they asked reinforcements to break the encirclement? Lets build another set of walls so that they can not break the siege from outside.
Battle of Alesia is one of the most iconic ones in history. It shows the extreme boldness of Ceasar.
They didn’t entirely collapse,they just integrated and assimilated into the fabric of Europe.There are still pockets in Northern Spain ,Ireland and outlying islands of Scotland that havea Gaelic dialect,although they are fading.
It is true that the Celts, their language, their culture, their identity, their sovereignty over the land, and their power became extinct, but their blood, their lineage, their people, and their genes still exist to this day, and the lineage of the Celtic people is the R1b haplogroup, and when we take a look at the distribution of this haplogroup on the map now, it completely matches the spread of the Celts in ancient times, and when we take a look at Iberia, we find Their ancestry is high, but their culture is completely extinct and they adopted the Latin identity, which comes from the Hubblegroup J2, as well as the Germanic I1, but we see a large presence of the Hubblegroup Celtic R in Britain.
The r1b haplogroup has nothing to do with the "celts"
The Romans/Italians are predominantly R1b but with lower Indoeuropean dna why we mixed more with the Neolitchs
Galicia.. ? Spain has Celtic people who have kept the celtic culture very well.
Galicians like to be identified as Celts. Sorry, but that doesn't make them more Celtic than the French, the central Turks or northern Italians. I believe it is today more a romantic sentiment, which was born during the Galician national awakening mid XIX century. (Rosalia De Castro). Traditions and culture as well as the language are strongly Roman and apart from some archeological findings, today there is not much more. Celtic festivals and bagpipe music doesn't make Galicia more Celtic, because it is more a modern sociological phenomenon in Galicia. Also I would argue, that some linguistic and cultural traits are even more influenced by the later moorish culture than by the very old and few tribes that once inhabited the Galician region. Celts left very little heritage visible in today's Galicia. Similar to other parts of western and Central Europe. Galicia was once Germanic (Suebi) and even moorish, but they don't like to be associated with that, do they? ... even though it is more recent in history than the Celts.
@@KrlKngMrtssn The Suebi and the Visigoths did have a bigger impact in Galicia than the Moors ever did. Muslim occupation in northern Spain didnt last enough time as to leave a significant imprint
@@alfredosenalle9284
You need to research a little bit your own country my friend.
The discussion is not about comparing the Celtic vs Arab heritage. It's about saying that the celtic identity in Galicia/Asturias/Portugal is a deliberate social construction and therefore not scientifically justifiable. It is a simple irrational belief in those places.
A simple curiosity: The presence of Arabs in Galicia was indeed very shortlived, but interestingly there are in Galician over 2500 words of Arab origin (more than celtic origin):
www.lavozdegalicia.es/noticia/lavozdelaescuela/2018/11/28/pegada-do-arabe-galicia/0003_201811SE28P6991.htm
In Galicia there are 250 villages/towns/places with Arab origin:
www.tdx.cat/bitstream/handle/10803/11017/Anexo3.pdf?sequence..
@@KrlKngMrtssn Are you saying that Galicians are more Arab than Celtic ?
@@alfredosenalle9284 I am saying that the claim of Galicians (and more widely north western Iberians) of having some sort of "Celtic culture", in being a sort of modern Celts, to the same extent as Irish, Scottish or Welsh is totally nonsense.
All of Iberia has nowadays a Latin culture, eat olive oil and speak Romance languages.
Celticism is a romantic narrative in Galicia, born with the Rexurdimento and later with the Xeración Nós. It's artificially constructed.
The Celts lack of unity doomed them
1:54 This was not the first, a very significant clash happened centuries earlier when Gauls even sacked Rome.
Nice video mate. My only annoyance is the use of the word "British Isles" to refer to GB and Ireland. Most people in Ireland hate that phrase being used to include Ireland as well. I get that its a historically accurate commonly used phrase in a lot of the world but in Ireland, it just reminds us of our colonial past and present with the occupation of 6 northern counties. Keep up the good work anyway mate lol :)
Well isnt like anybody cares is like that already everybody use it, in france we say "isles britanniques" wich means british isles in spain "islas británicas" etc..
it's hard to be the first, impossible to be the last
Well the Celts of Iberia still exist I should know I come from one of those tribes in eastern Spain. Despite being under Spanish control my people never abandon the Celtic culture in Spain despite being ruled by non Celtic peoples over the centuries.
Language??
@@francoisdaureville323 Bosque
As a Celt, you have no idea how much I’ve been waiting for this, good job, even if it is necessary to specify that the principal responsibles for the disappearance (Genocide) of the Celts in the actual Germany and Great Britain were the Germanic people such as Anglo-Saxons rather than other tribes.
There was no genocide, but assimilation. When Germanic peoples began to migrate across western Europe their culture greatly influenced the people they came across. The Celts in England, southern Germany, France, Swizterland, etc. adopted the culture and language of the Germanic invaders. Now that is not to say that there wasn't any bloodshed, but there wasn't an intentional blanket destruction of Celtic people. If any major depopulation occurred it would have more likely been the result of Celtic peoples leaving their native lands to avoid invading tribes. This is likely what happened to an extent in England. The Celts either moved or were pushed westward into Wales and Cornwall.
@@Eldred15 The celtic culture was more or less dead anyway when Germanics clashed with them, they were vulgar latin speaking Christian at that point. I'm from Switzerland, the area which had less celts and more Germanic settlers is now German speaking and the areas were celts retained a majority is now French speaking.
@@Eldred15 What you say migration, as the Anglo-Saxon did in Great Britain I sai it was an invasion. What you call assimilation, with millions of deaths, of raped women, murdered children and an extermination close to 60% of the population with much higher percentages for men, I call that GENOCIDE.
@@reschi56 yet genetics shows how the genome of the populations living in those territories has Germanic male genetic markers and a substantial part of Celtic female genetic markers. In short, let's not fool ourselves: the practice of exterminating men and raping women was not at all unusual at the time of the barbarian invasions.
@@francescocattaneo8256 Dude I know it has nothing to do with But Anatolian Turks and Turks in Central Asia are ethnically Turkish, but the only difference between them is that their cousins are different races, right?
I love learning about the Celts! I am most likely part Celtic (my mum’s family is Irish) so it’s like I’m learning a little piece of my own family’s history
Maybe if you're French. French are more celtic than the Irish
I’m not sure how accurate that is. Brittany the only part of France with a strong Celtic background. That’s not to say there is no one of Celtic decent in the rest of France, I think other cultures such as the Germanic Franks and the Romans are more dominant culturally than the Celts. I could be mistaken of course, I am no expert on French genealogy or history.
@@Takayama-sama I'm just going by recent genetic discoveries. Linguistic transfer does not equal genetic transfer.
@@blanketparty5259 widely debunked.
@@savodoom3175 Not at all, you clearly havent done genetic research
I'm Québécoise. From the very beginning, the Irish joined the French settlers, and ran the woods with us, and fought the English with us. We were both Catholic and enemies of the United Kingdom. And the French coureurs des bois came mostly from Bretagne, including my ancestors, which is also Celtic so as we say here "on a les atômes crochus"--which literally translates as "we have hooked atoms" and means our beings right down to our very essence are meant to link together. These Irish settlers were so many and had such a huge influence on our culture, the folkloric music and dance of Québec is deeply rooted in Irish culture. Our gigs and reels sound the same except any lyrics are in French. The step-dancing is the same, except the upper body moves with Gallic abandon instead of being straight and rigid. There were so many Irish playing Irish sports one of the very first laws passed in Quebec City was to prohibit the playing of hurley in the streets as it was disrupting horse-and-carriage traffic--the precursor to street hockey. Our first commercial beer was from an Irish brewer and for some reason its name became an exclamation still used to this day: "Ie Boswell!"
We received an ever bigger influx of Irish immigrants in 1847 and 1848 during the Famine when Irish coffin ships were turned away from Boston and New York City and everywhere except Quebec. There's an island downriver from Quebec City in the St. Lawrence River, l'Île des Irlandais, also known as Quarantine Island or Grosse Île. We built hospitals and dormitories and kitchens and churches and cemeteries. We all worked together side by side, English and French, Catholic and Protestant, to save as many lives as we could among the starved and sickly, desperate and diseased Irish refugees. Of many large families often only a few orphans survived, including my great-grandmother, the youngest and only survivor of a big brood. Quebec families were asked to adopt them at masses throughout the region. The priests wrote back: "Send me more orphans! My parishioners are fighting over them!" All of the orphans were adopted, including my great-grandmother, given a good home by fur merchants in Quebec City by the name of Poulain.
I have ancestors from Ireland, Scotland, Cornwall and Wales from my English-speaking side, and Ireland and Bretagne from my French side. I just need an ancestor from the Isle of Manx to complete the set. I almost have the Celtic Fringe covered!
All that to say, the Celts never went away. We just migrated and mixed and matched. We're not only still here, we're all over the place. One of the greatest diaspora of all time. You'd have to go to Antarctica to find a place without an Irish pub. And even then I bet you either the British or Australian research station has one!
Before the Celts were Romanised, the Romans were Celticised to a certain degree.
The dialitic is old beyond history's vision. Red vs blue = purple
Libertarianism vs authoritarianism = republicanism
Thesis vs antithesis = synthesis.
Yeah roman armour and wepons were massively influenced by the ones of celtic nobility
@@firescorched954 the helmet of a legionnaire are was adopted after the crisis of the third century when Aurelian defeated
The Gallic Roman senate
@@nicholasthuya7683 earlier than that, probably in the 2nd or 3rd century BC.
@NFX Yes, but roman weaponry in fact were heavily influence by celt, for instance Roman short sword Gladius, chainmail dan later helmet...
2:32 wow interesting think only In Nusantara archipelago (Now become a modern Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei) that the soliders fight Naked but in Nusantara is make sense to fight naked cause the weather is so hot so this make wearing the protection gear is very not effective but in Europe the weather is so cold 😅😅😅
Fun fact: in keeping celtic traditions alive, people still sometimes fight naked in Ireland.
It's not as common for obvious reasons but maby like 6 or 7 times a year you could see two naked guys fighting on the streets
Lol!
Really glossed over Galicia in Spain and their Celtic-Romance language
But Celtic came first 🤔🤔🤔
@@KrlKngMrtssn spain is a mix of almost every culture of mediterean
@@Zeerich-yx9po true
@@KrlKngMrtssn I suspect you´re right but Galicians do have a Celtic link and feel it in their bones. Their country is not like Spain. Neither is their music or culture and above all they are a stubborn people who are impossible to tame. Interesting that two people as far apart ideologically as Franco and Fidel Castro were Galicians. BTW so was my father-in-law, a Brazilian gallego. This is the Celtic trait. Be the same but be completely different at the same time.
Their language isn't celtic
Being a celt myself. I feel very proud watching and knowing this.
Phew "i'm a celt" is probably stretching it a bit too much. You're as much a Celt as you're a Roman or a Greek. All these ancient cultures have influenced our very own civilization that yet is a very distinct thing. The stories you hear (and see - it's the age of movies!), the foodstuffs you eat, the clothes you wear, the values you hold, the implements you use, the kind of work you do… where's that Celtic? If you're living in a liberal democracy like (almost) anywhere in Western or Central Europe, Northern America, and large parts of East Asia - then that's the basket future historians will put you in.
not fair in 0:45, you did not mention Celtic people in Anatolia, but the Celtic community was pretty strong before the greek invasion to minor Anatolia. Even some people(which came as the group of Celtic people to Anatolia around 600 ad, even some of them pretty famous saint in history) in Anatolia during Byzantium time was still speaking a Celtic language which Turkish tribes start to settle around let's say after 1050.
Every time I hear of a woman being spoken as a major player in these history videos in Ancient History always surprises me, and Boudicca did incredibly well!
She did very well as a guiding beacon for others to follow but she seriously should've gotten someone else to do the strategizing and planning for battles.
One feature of ancient Celtic culture was that chieftains could be either men or women. Boudica was the most famous female chieftain, but not the only one.
I think I heard about a small village of indomitable Gauls still holding out against the Romans...
The author doesn’t speak about Galicians. It’s also a Celtic culture. As a french Breton, I’m feeling sorry for not speaking a single word of the language but France did a good work of trying to erase the culture and language so it’s only a very people trying to revive it
The Celts are still living till this day 💪🏻
Not in cotinental Europe they're not (excepting Brittany, France, and I'm still not convinced the Galicians are actually Celtic)
@@damuni1 Galician is a Romance language, so no they're not Celts.