How pepper started the spice race
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 17 ก.ย. 2020
- It was the rediscovery of pepper in Europe that lead to European interest on the conquest of spices. See how it all started
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We couldn't even fathom the excitement of people discovering entirely new foods and flavours that are so different from anything theyve had
idk man, I tried Paella for the first time months ago and I couldn't get over how much I loved it
@mino62544 exactly this. My colleague cooked me a Biryani in their hometown style and i was in tears of joy, thinking back it might have been the chillis.
Wao.... India supplying pepper were not the first to use them😂.... Great 👍 history.
How do you not mention the fall of Constantinople, that was like the most important factor that caused Europeans to go around the continent
Super informative!
Glad you think so!
Love these videos, never even thought about this
Thanks!
I love your videos, dude. Your channel is so underrated. You have a really funny and creative way of talking about history. Keep up the great work!
Europe after finding a route to India: We are going to be f**king rich
India after getting found by Europe: This is not going to end well for me
Liberia, in West Africa was known as the Grain Coast/Pepper Coast because of the pepper grains plentiful there known as the meleguatta pepper aka grains of paradise.
Outstanding! You show good command of the subject. Wish my teachers in school had the ability to make learning fun. You definitely moistened up a subject that can be desert dry.
Wow, thank you!
Incredible stuff :) Thank you so much for making this. And being this entertaining. Pls make more! Loyal subber
Fantastic video!
Loved this!
Wow you are such an underrated channel
The spice must flow
Good video dude
we provide them love from kerala, india
Very cool indeed!
Vasco Da Gama landed in Durban on Christmas Day. The province where the city of Durban is located is called KwaZulu-Natal (Natal means Christmas in Portuguese)
Great video sad to see you don’t upload anymore
Wawzas trowsers. I like this. Keep it up
@3:58 a vast part of Iberrian Peninsula(modern Spain and Portugal) is occupied by Islam,The Spice trade pretty much made European become superpower.
Who's watching this while eating pepper?
Which ancient culture was the first to use pepper? Greece or Rome? Neither. It was India. This is like asking which country reached space first? India or China? Neither. It was USSR.
love it. but i am suprise you did not mention dutch east indian company and indonesia.
G e k o l o n i s e e r d
I appreciate the effort put onto this video, though it misses an often perceived assumption: that everyone involved had the exact same intentions regarding exploration, profit. Also, I can't believe someone actually just stated the French reached the Canary Islands & started the Age of Discovery prior to the Portuguese. The French Crown sought an attempt to reach India only decades after Vasco da Gama's arrival in Calicut, specifically in 1527, with three ships, all piloted by Portuguese navigators: One was captured off of Diu & the crew forced to convert to Islam; another sank on the coast of Sumatra & the other on the island of São Lourenço - given the disaster, there was no second expedition for the foreseeable future. The English attempted to reach India much later, in 1591 to be exact. Point being, the spice race had nothing to do with neither France nor England, entering the scene over a hundred years later with very different goals.
I'll now give the word to Maurice Stewart Collis, beautifully summarizing the whole matter:
«Portuguese Asia was not a purely mercantile venture like the British settlements in India.
The Portuguese who discovered the sea-route to Asia, who established fortresses from the Persian Gulf to the Straits of Malacca and beyond, who built Goa [...], were a totally different class of people from the directors, the shareholders, and the employees of the East India Company.
They were romantics, crusaders, conquistadors, as well as traders, while the members of the East India Company, coming on the scene a century later, were modern business men whose whole aim was dividends.
Taking a broad view, the Portuguese irruption into Asia was the culmination of the long struggle against the Moors at home.
From the tenth to the fifteenth century the Iberian peninsula was the scene of three thousand seven hundred battles, so it is computed, between its Christian tribes and the Arabian Emirs.
In the course of those unending wars the Portuguese and the Spaniards emerged as nations. [...]. So lengthy a struggle, far from leaving the Iberians exhausted, seems to have invigorated them. When the Mohammedan power was overthrown in the Peninsula, instead of settling down and developing their country, they found themselves so overflowing with energy that they set sail across the oceans, [...].
[...] [Mr. Arnold Toynbee] sums up their place in history thus, referring, of course, to both Portuguese and Spaniards: “These Iberian pioneers of Western Christendom performed an unparalleled service for the civilization which they represented. They expanded the horizon, and thereby potentially the domain, of our Western Society from an obscure corner of the Old World until it came to embrace all the habitable lands and navigable seas on the surface of the planet. It is owing to this Iberian energy and enterprise that Western Christendom has grown, [...], until it has become ‘the Great Society’; a tree in which all the nations of the world have come and lodged. This latter-day Westernized World is the peculiar achievement of Western Christendom’s Iberian pioneers.”
Portuguese Asia was the seed from which grew the British Dominion in Asia.
Portuguese ascendancy lasted a century and a quarter, say, from 1500 to 1625. After a period when the Dutch, the British, and the French fought each other for first place, the British attained it after Plassey.
[...] That the Portuguese conceived of their drive eastward as a continuation of the crusade against the Moors is very clear from the opening paragraph of Faria y Sousa’s ‘Portuguese Asia’; published in 1666:
“Like an Impetuous Torrent did the Mohametans spread themselves over the Lesser Asia, after the Catholic arms had expelled them our Provinces,” he writes, referring to the taking of Constantinople by the Turks in 1453 and to their threatened invasion of Austria. “The Christian Princes, busied in destroying each other, looked on their Progress, without attempting to put any stop to this Current; when the Kings of Portugal, as the first who had shaken off themselves the Burthen of these Barbarians, and the first who passed over to crush them in Africk (obeying the Decrees of Heaven which required it) undertook to be the first to stop their proceedings in Asia.”
In Asia all trade to Europe was under the control of the Moslem Sultans through whose kingdoms it passed. Europe’s imports from India, China, and the Islands came overland from the Persian Gulf and paid toll.
The Turks, and Islam in general, would be harder hit by breaking that monopoly than they would be by a defeat in the field.
That was the practical idea behind the Portuguese attempt to find a sea-route to India and the Far East.
And, of course, while the loss of the monopoly of the eastern trade would damage Turkish finances, its transfer to Portugal would enormously increase the resources of that kingdom.
[...]. To get the trade, the Portuguese would not only have to open the Cape route, but also fight the Mohammedans, who carried goods by sea to the Persian Gulf.
[...] Accordingly, King Dom Manuel I of Portugal was able to procure from Pope Alexander VI, the Borgia whose brutal face as depicted by Pinturicchio and carved by Caravaggio is so familiar to us, a Bull, dated 1494, granting him title to all the lands which might be discovered east of a line drawn north and south at a distance of 370 miles from the coast of Europe.
Eight years later, after Vasco da Gama had returned from his voyage to India, the same Pope allowed the King to style himself ‘Lord of the Navigation, Conquest and Commerce of Ethiopia, Arabia, Persia, and India’.
[...] The romantic or chivalric aspect of the Portuguese incursion was very notable.
The leaders were all aristocrats. They considered themselves knights fighting in a grand emprise.
In 1500, the year from which their eastern adventures may be roundly dated, knight-errantry was already somewhat old-fashioned. [...] Chivalry remained a factor in their policy after it had disappeared from France and England.
[...]. [...] could not have happened had the Portuguese aristocrats not conceived of themselves as paladins. The characters in ‘Orlando Furioso’, published by Ariosto in 1516, were not unlike them. This romantic epic corresponded to a Renaissance tapestry, but in Portugal might well have seemed a transcript from contemporary life. Its hero, Roland, who had been dead seven hundred years, behaved as did the mad [Portuguese] knights who were to follow [...]. Its opening verse would have sounded like a trumpet for the men who sailed in 1497 against the Moors of Asia:
“Of Loves and Ladies, Knights and Arms, I sing,
Of Courtesies, and many a Daring Feat;
And from those ancient days my story bring,
When Moors from Afric passed in hostile fleet,
And ravaged France, with Agramant their king,
Flushed with his youthful rage and furious heat,
Who on king Charles’, the Roman emperor’s head
Had vowed due vengeance for Troyano dead.”
This analogy between the ‘Orlando Furioso’ and the state of mind of the Portuguese who sailed to Asia is not fanciful, for their exploits were celebrated by Camoens in his epic ‘Os Lusíadas’, written in 1556, in a style not unlike that in which Ariosto describes the exploits of Roland. Take this verse from Canto X, where the poet hails Afonso de Albuquerque’s capture of Goa from the Mohammedans in 1510:
“What glorious palms on Goa’s isle I see,
Their blossoms spread, great Albuquerque, for thee!
Through castled walls the hero breaks his way,
And opens with his sword the dread array
Of Moors and pagans; through their depth he rides,
Through spears and show’ring fire the battle guides.
As bulls enrag’d, or lions smear’d with gore,
His bands sweep wide o'er Goa’s purpled shore.”»
I'm surprised there was no mention of the Treaty of Tordesillas either, possibly the most important event regarding the Age of Exploration.
With my regards.
What a well informed and scholarly quoted comment! Thanks sylva. Great service to the community of social sciences youtubers. Deserves a like from anybody watching this video
@@rudrasa Appreciated. : ).
Why don't you add the part where the Portuguese massacred the natives?
@@neoscorpiooo Because such a part doesn't exist, unless inside people's heads who have never read anything in their lives apart from political articles.
Yes, doesn't exist. So many historians are wrong. Natives gave away their land as birthday present to Henry the "Navigator."
Okay, they talk about Columbus trying to go around the world to reach india and failing, but didn't talk about Magellan who 1 up Columbus by bypassing the entire South America to get into the spice islands...
I can't believe back then people would go to war over food
We still do
Hi! Good video, very informative ^-^
Nice
I don't know but I prefer regular pepper powder
Questions for Food xD
someday
spicy
MANY STUPID QUESTION>>LOOKS LIKE MOST OF THE PEOPLE HERE NEVER STUDIED HISTORY
Where Vikings not bringing spices into Europe in the 9th century
Can't say, I didn't see anything in my research
In my country Trinidad has the hottest pepper in the world
so colonization started because of food
is the dark ages a part of the greater Medieval era?
A very Eurocentric world view, yes because the world started when europeans came out the caves. If its the only logical route for them to india, then why is it a stupid route?
съешь меня, ахахах
Great video. My only issue is the "woman" joke as I would have like to have used it in an educational setting but the joke makes it inappropriate for a younger audience
This food preservation notion is utter nonsense, repeated everywhere. We have no historical records of this. Zero. Regarding spices. Salt, yeah of course.
first
Find India..... Or find route to India 😂😂😂
Regular black pepper is disgusting I only like red pepper powder