Learn JavaScript Generators In 12 Minutes
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 22 ก.ค. 2024
- JavaScript Simplified Course: javascriptsimplified.com
Generator functions in JavaScript are a feature most people think is useless, but in reality you can do a lot with generators. In this video I will be covering what generator functions are, how you can use them, and multiple real world examples of where generators are ideal.
📚 Materials/References:
JavaScript Simplified Course: javascriptsimplified.com
Generators Article: blog.webdevsimplified.com/202...
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⏱️ Timestamps:
00:00 - Introduction
00:28 - Generator Basics
05:24 - Generator Use Cases
09:10 - Generator Advanced Features
#JavaScriptGenerator #WDS #JavaScript
Generators are useful when it's expensive to do each step of the yield. E.g., if you're hitting an API endpoint on each yield and you don't know how many results users will want, you can delay those API calls until they're actually needed.
I believe you are talking about Pagination?
Wouldn't this require you to know how many yields to include? Say the number of results varies based on how many results can fit on their screen (auto-loading implementation). Then depending on the height of the screen, one user may only need one api request, another may require 2 requests... so if you have 2 yields wouldn't that block that first user from ever getting their results since the endpoint is still waiting on that second request to occur?
Redux saga actually uses generators for async operations
@@awekeningbro1207 saga is dead abandoned project
It sounds like this is just abstracting away the state needed to accomplish something like pagination
At 8:30, rather than using a for-loop, you can use the _yield*_ keyword because it lets you yield over iterables such as arrays, strings, etc.
Hence the code at 8:30 can be succinctly written:
function* generator(array) {
yield* array;
}
Side note: An arrow generator function does not exist.
this works because array also have generator function inside it right ? Like when we do next we ask array to yield and pass that yield back.
@@Exploretheworld-yw7yc It doesn't have anything to do with generator functions actually. It has something to do with how the yield* operator works, as the MDN docs state: "The yield* operator is used to delegate to another iterable object, such as a Generator."
TL;DR: In simple terms, yield* operates on iterables and arrays are iterable objects. And an extra terminology, the objects returned by function generators are called "Generator" objects which are also iterables.
Notice the word "iterable", what's an iterable? It just basically means that an object, let's name it A , must have the @@iterator method, a.k.a. [Symbol.iterator](), which returns an object (which could be another object B or A itself) that conforms to the iterator protocol. Iterator protocol basically means that an object must have a next() method returning another object C which contains a "value" field, which will be used when next() is called, or a "done" field, indicating that the iteration is finished. Arrays are built-in iterables and that is why we can use the yield* operator on them.
Here's an example showing an implementation of an iterable object which is then used inside a function generator using the yield* operator:
const iterableObj = { // This is object A
[Symbol.iterator]() {
let i = 0;
const iteratorObj = { // This is object B
next() {
if (i >= 10) return { done: true }; // This is object C
return { value: i++ }; // Or this is object C
},
};
return iteratorObj;
},
};
const createGenerator = function* () {
yield* iterableObj;
};
const generator = createGenerator();
for (let result; !(result = generator.next()).done; ) {
console.log(result.value);
}
It doesn't have anything to do with generator functions actually. It has something to do with how the yield* operator works, as the MDN docs state: "The yield* operator is used to delegate to another iterable object, such as a Generator."
TL;DR: In simple terms, yield* operates on iterables and arrays are iterable objects. Also, "Generator" are the objects returned by function generators.
Notice the word "iterable", what's an iterable? It just basically means that an object, let's name it A, must have the @@iterator method, a.k.a. [Symbol.iterator](), which returns an object (which could be another object B or A itself) that conforms to the iterator protocol. Iterator protocol basically means that an object must have a next() method returning another object C which contains a "value" field, which will be used when next() is called, or a "done" field, indicating that the iteration is finished. Arrays are built-in iterables and that is why we can use the yield* operator on them.
Here's an example showing an implementation of an iterable object which is then used inside a function generator using the yield* operator:
const iterableObj = { // This is object A
[Symbol.iterator]() {
let i = 0;
const iteratorObj = { // This is object B
next() {
if (i >= 10) return { done: true }; // This is object C
return { value: i++ }; // Or this is object C
},
};
return iteratorObj;
},
};
const createGenerator = function* () {
yield* iterableObj;
};
const generator = createGenerator();
for (let result; !(result = generator.next()).done; ) {
console.log(result.value);
}
Therefore no, arrays don't have a generator function inside them. It's because arrays are iterables and yield* operates on iterables.
I personally never had a need to use a generator in JS. Still interesting content .
wait until you start using redux saga :)
@@richardkirigaya8254 I used to work with redux saga a long time ago. I now that it have generators under the hood. I wrote some generators for testing sagas.
Thanks fo jogging my memory :)
@@ukaszzbrozek6470 Personally, out of everything in React, the only thing that gives me headache till today is redux saga
@@richardkirigaya8254 why is it necessary to use redux saga tho?
@@Endrit719 it's not really necessary to use, it's more of a preferred option than Thunk. Sagas are preferred over Thunk cos of "callback hell" + it's easier to test your async code with Saga over Thunk
Just on Tuesday, I had an interview, and the interviewer asked me about generators. Unfortunately, I forgot about them, but passed the interview. Great stuff to revise, thanks!)
Very interesting tutorial. 👍🏻👍🏻
I think at 8:05 it should have been
while (object.next().done === false)
Or simply
while (!object.next().done)
this is exactly what i am looking for ..I once saw this in redux saga but never truly understood how they work and proper use case..
but you explained it very simply and help to find use case and wow just clicked in mind that I need exactly something like this
I've been DYING for you to make EXACTLY this! Thanks!
As usual, great and simple explaination. Thank you
Very clear! Thank you so much man!
I happened to see it with React's Redux, But only now have I got to know real use cases. Thanks a lot for useful info
Incredible video as always, can't wait to see you reach 750K soon! :)
You can make a separate video comparing generators to the components from popular JS frameworks. All of them are of the same nature - a function with an internal state.
Very well explained. Thank you making such useful and informative videos
Thank you sir, your contents are always helpful. Keep the good work, well done
This might come handy in creating something like a mock API for testing your system or as a placeholder.
I feel like it's best used for large scale applications with many interdependent systems waiting on a signal to continue to their next step in an infinite or very long cycle. This seems like a niche but very powerful tool that can't be easily replaced and I'm sad I can't figure out any other common use cases that map/acc already don't fill since it looks fun to implement.
A single take, to the point, nails the explination in an understandable way. Are you actually a robot? Your content is always the go-to when I'm having trouble with a pluralsight module.
Kyle saves the day again! Thank You!... Just trying to get into Redux-Saga, so that was really helpful.👍
Thanks so much for the video. It's really good.
I love ur videos it really helps Thank u so much for these tutorials
Thx for video, explanation for fancy Reflect would be amazingly usefull :)
Interesting... I learned something new today.
Great explanation, thank you.
Tks só much! Best tutorial
Thanks a lot, very clear explanation
I first heard about generators in Python and the concept seems quite nice (although haven't done much Python since to use them yet). Should allow for less resources tied up at once and cleaner code since you don't need to call a function from a function (since it just returns the latest result to whatever called it who can then do what it wants with it).
I have used generator in a situation where I wanted to merge two arrays and do some mapping action on it. Generally you would need an extra variable to hold the result and pass it to the caller. But with generator you don't have to. Yield the line where this transformation happens and where it is called you can do a array.from
Could you provide an example? Because I normally would use spread syntax to merge two arrays and then map them in your example.
@@sortirus Yeah I use both spread and concat
@@sortirus In this context I think they are using a zipper merge where each element of the final array is some combination of the elements of the same index in the original arrays. (e.g. outArr[i] = {...inArrA[i], ...inArrB[i]} - although the object could be more complex than that) This would allow you to do multiple operations on that object before setting it's value in the final array (kind of like arrA.zip(arrB).map().map().map()). It's not a perfect analogy but hopefully gets the point across.
after C# with those IEnumerable, IEnumerator and yield which under the hood creates its own enumerator this is so easy )
Thanks, It really helped a lot.
Brilliant explaination
Great video! Appreciate it!
I've used generators some time ago. Mainly for learning purposes. Some Use cases for me were (mainly implementing Symbol.iterator so that I can use for of loop and rest operator):
1. If you want your object to have a working iterator, so that you can use for of loop in your object. Example:
const company = {
employees: ["kat", "manuel", "kris"],
[Symbol.iterator]: function* employeeGenerator() {
let curEmp = 0;
while (curEmp < this.employees.length) {
yield this.employees[curEmp];
curEmp += 1;
}
for (const emp of company) {
console.log(emp); // "kat", "manuel", "kris"
}
2. You can also use a spread operator if you implement symbol.iterator with a generator function.
const someIterable = {};
someIterable[Symbol.iterator] = function* () {
yield 1;
yield 2;
yield 3;
};
console.log([...someIterable]); // you can spread the object like this
3. You can also parametrize your generator function and, for example, iterate over your iterable with some phrase:
function* countFruit(phrase) {
const fruits = ["apple", "banana", "peach"];
let curIndex = 0;
while (curIndex < fruits.length) {
yield phrase + fruits[curIndex];
curIndex += 1;
}
}
const fruitIterator = countFruit("A nice: ");
console.log(fruitIterator.next()); // A nice apple...
console.log(fruitIterator.next()); // A nice banana...
console.log(fruitIterator.next()); // A nice peach...
So, in the first example here, What is the difference if we use map function to loop over the employees array and by iterating it by using a generator. Please explain
What a perfect explanation
Great video. Thanks!
I found only 3 useful use cases for generators:
- iterators
- multiple returns from function (events, progress ...)
- chunk huge workload over multiple animation frames
Hey @korzinko i have one question to you. if multiple returns. why can't we use conditional statements? please clear this.
@@AjithKumar-te4fp convenience and cleaner code.
If you have a code, that can produce multiple values over the time, e.g. long running task with progress (storing 1000+ rows in DB, upload of large file...) or lazy evaluation(expensive DOM traversal), it's convenient to hide it inside the generator.
Without it, you would either polute global scope with variables or reinvent the same logic in object/class/closure.
Generators are not something you will not use daily , but occasionally they are handy.
@@korzinko 👍 agreed
Good video as always!
Great content! :)
got to use this at work and it just fit the solution
Great explanation.
Hello Kyle, can we have a video in how to create a custom debugger for javascript ?, That'll be more interesting... ✌🏼
And also love your content ❤️
Seriously Awesome content
Good explanation 👍🏼
Kyle you are the best!
Oh, you didn't talk about the coolest part that is you can loop through the generator values with a for loop and collect the values with the spread operator
Used this at work! felt like a badass
@@erikawwad7653 @Gabriel Machado Can I see an example please?
Example code would be very helpful :D
So if I'm understanding correctly, what you can do is define a generator to do whatever calculations you want and then collect each value in a for loop? So like:
function* geometricGenerator(){
let num = 1;
while(true){
yield num
num*2
}
}
const geometricList = [];
const generator = geometricGenerator();
for(var i = 0; i < 10; i++){
geometricList.push(generator.next());
}
I am not sure how to do this with the spread operator though
@@Hendika
// Generator function with an exit condition
function* myGenFun () {
let i = 0
while (i < 5) yield i++
}
// Spread
const myArr = [...myGenFun()]
// or
console.log(...myGenFun())
// Use in a for loop
for (const i of myGenFun()) console.log(i)
// Your program will obviously run out of memory if you try to
// use the spread operator with a generator function where
// there's no exit condition. Same goes for the for loop, unless
// of course you break out of the loop yourself, like so:
function* powers (n) {
for (let current = n;; current *= n) {
yield current
}
}
for (const power of powers(2)) {
if (power > 32) break
console.log(power) // 2, 4, 8, 16, 32
}
You are amazing bro!
After many youtube videos I watch explaining about generator, this one most accurate! Finally i can move on 😂
Thanks Kylee!
This is the heart and soul of LINQ and delayed execution. I need to write a LINQ-like package. That would be so much fun!
Very nice!
your channel is the best bro
i don't know why this channel is not growing😕
man, good work
really appreciate
Because these days JS yield too many features that are pointless to use in general purpose front/end coding
Great content..
To make it more obvious (to me) that yield can do two operations (return a value and insert a value via .next) would be like "const increment = yield id || 1; id += increment"
Great video. 👌👍👏
You could confuse (yield id) || 1 and yield (id || 1)
Thanks!
Very good tutorial
For the example array, you could simply `yield* arr` or any other iterable for that matter l, including other generators
Thanks a lot.
A cool use for these would be to return different class names or other animation/styling behaviours, where excessive code is not needed. Simple just yield return another class when clicked on something.
Nice explanation
HI, I'm following your videos lately, and I liked them a lot. I wonder if you can make a new video about "generator composition" because its idea is not very clear to me. Thank you.
just a nitpit suggestion: if you turn up the ‘release’ parameter on your gate, the vocal audio would sound much smoother.
I want to make a blog site eventually and use a CMS to manage the site which one do i pick contentful strapi or ghost which is the best one
Lovely content❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️
It would be useful if you do a video on co npm module. I saw thatused in many places, but it is hard to understand
Is there any difference between creating a generator function and creating an object that implements the iterator protocol? Or is it like async await and .then, .catch that they are syntactically different but allow you to do the same thing?
iterator Symbol plz. I think the best thing to do is to promise chain them because generators have already a throw feature when things go wrong, it is meant to be "plugged" this way I think.
thank u so much
SIR THANK YOU FOR EXISTING
The best tutorials
Awesome video!
but there is some problem with your microphone or the controller IG
Great content, one question though, why you don't use semicolons? Lack of semicolons would work in all js scripts?
JavaScript also includes the yield* keyword which allows recursive generator functions. I've used this before with graph traversal. Here is an example of a simple binary tree class with a recursive preorder generator:
class TreeNode {
constructor(value) {
this.value = value
this.left = null
this.right = null
}
*preorder() {
if (this.left !== null) {
yield* this.left.preorder()
}
yield this.value
if (this.right !== null) {
yield* this.right.preorder()
}
}
}
const root = new TreeNode(4)
root.left = new TreeNode(2)
root.left.left = new TreeNode(1)
root.left.right = new TreeNode(3)
root.right = new TreeNode(6)
root.right.left = new TreeNode(5)
root.right.right = new TreeNode(7)
console.log(...root.preorder())
using it for frontend pagination could be an option actually
Best youtube channel for Js
Thanks bro
at 10:17 how do we go below our line of code then back above to yield the new id ?
So I can see the value with generating id's and with iterating over arrays. Any other real-world use cases? I'm asking because offhand I can't think of any.
I was thinking what about using it to click through frames, like in a slideshow or something?
Old code, you don't need it anymore.
Could you please make a video on Symbol.asyncIterator and how they are useful?
i think we can use generators also for submiting form. First validate the input fields after call next and send request to api
Thanks
I think it has a lot of benefits for example if you want to create multiple steps bar component that contains step 1, step 2, ...etc
Is this only aplicable for JS or is it possible in TypeScript as well, say Angular? What would the syntax be?
Can this replace recursive function call?
very good
Awesome. Thanks. But I didn't understand at 10:33 how passing a value to yield affected the response of the same iteration.
the previous yield provides the argument, loop through, the current yield return the updated value using the argument
first loop
yield 1
second loop
const increment = 4
yield 5
Amazing explanation! But I am confused why do we need not to do strict comparison? I mean the code from the video works fine (I am talking about the generateId() example) but when I write it down with a strict comparison, e.g. increment !== null I yield only 1 and the rest is undefined and done. Why is that?
So, basically what Tim Corey said on his video few days ago about Yield in C#
You can also
function* gen(){
yield......
}
let g = gen()
arr = [...g]
console.log(arr)
or
console.log([...g)
Should we use it in backend for creating id's ?? Any pros/cons ??
The infinite loop like you showed it could be written as a closure instead of a generator too, right?
At 7:30, unfortunately when you express Object.next() to check the done property, you're releasing the value and won't have access to it again inside the while loop without some assignment.
Make a video about symbol type in JS please 🙏
ECMA needs a more universal standard . We’re working on it but thanks babel for getting up ahead
Nice
Will that be useful for infinite scrolling?
Nice, What is prototype in JS
So when you’re passing a number to next(), you don’t need to add parameters to the generator function for it to take that number as an argument?
Only if he had manually declared next()
this reminds me of how the expressjs middleware works
Thanks mr Kyle (i dont know if you noticed each time my comments on your vid) but this time you did not cover "yield delegation" neither async generator...
exactly the same as 'yield return' in C# which creates an object of type IEnumerable
8:07,Isn't it while(object.next().done === false )?