"Killers of The Flower Moon" Author David Grann Discusses His Research And The Shocking Discoveries

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 1 ธ.ค. 2019
  • In this edition of First Person One on One, best selling author David Grann talks about how he found the story of the forgotten Osage murders that became the basis for his book, "Killers of the Flower Moon," and who is making it into a movie.
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ความคิดเห็น • 881

  • @kjam1709
    @kjam1709 ปีที่แล้ว +639

    As a Native American I cannot tell you how important this book is... I am hopeful that the movie will not only raise awareness but there is real potential to renew conversations that lead to restorative justice initiatives and legislation to improve the lives of future generations.

    • @brucelachniet8698
      @brucelachniet8698 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +20

      This only a small chapter of such a larger story. They gave land to families then took there children and put them in Boarding Schools. So they land was taken back

    • @susiepoadster4642
      @susiepoadster4642 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +12

      So important for awareness we (?boomers?) never heard about before, thank you for discovering the most sinister unsettling crime murder perp

    • @susiepoadster4642
      @susiepoadster4642 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Greedy Predjudice Killing

    • @aishaalamoudi599
      @aishaalamoudi599 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      there are people today who believe such books and films are evil CRT/Anti-white racism. In Florida, you can petition to get this book banned because it vilifies and makes white students feel guilty. Not a joke, nor an exaggeration.

    • @wadebolderman3250
      @wadebolderman3250 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +23

      So important to understand the total corruption at a very high government level.

  • @frankboydstun1109
    @frankboydstun1109 ปีที่แล้ว +455

    folks need to look up Angie Debo, 1890-1988, Oklahoma historian who lived through this period and was an eye witness to the evils. Her books named names and were so inflammatory on these issues that they were not published for several years till personnel changed. She suffered for the truth; deserves to be recognized and celebrated.

    • @TheDroppedAnchor
      @TheDroppedAnchor ปีที่แล้ว +9

      Bump !! Dang good tip !!
      Gotta go -- I have a new hobby .

    • @brucelachniet8698
      @brucelachniet8698 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      So many of us have stories of the Genocide of the native Americans

    • @susiepoadster4642
      @susiepoadster4642 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

      Bumpity bump

    • @debbiewilson9712
      @debbiewilson9712 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

      Thank you!!

    • @derelict8715
      @derelict8715 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +27

      There is a TH-cam video of a PBS American Experience show about her. She was one smart and brave lady!

  • @thedesertwarrior7447
    @thedesertwarrior7447 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +94

    I am an Apache woman, and criminal investigator. I did read "Killers of the Flower Moon," almost two decades AFTER reading "The Deaths of Sybil Bolton" (© 1994 by Dennis McAuliffe). Dennis is Sybil's grandson, so his book is somewhat autobiographical as he is Osage. If I was haunted by Dennis's account of his Grandmother's murder, David Grann's "Killers of the Flower Moon" brought the spirits of the Osage victims to my very doorstep.
    Honestly, this excellent book, and the movie will bring more awareness, perhaps, but will make little to no difference in sociopolitical attitudes, or policies. Criminals, especially in "high places" will always deny, or justify, their crimes.
    Sadly, Tom White seems "fictional" because he was THE ONLY investigator on the Osage murder case who had honor, and who really wanted to catch the "monsters hiding under the Flower Moon." He cared, while J. Edgar Hoover just wanted to create a name for himself.
    PLEASE NOTE: During the days of The American Indian Movement (AIM), an outcome of Hoover's policies towards Indigenous peoples (stemming from the Osage Reign Of Terror) was that the FBI was the "COLONIAL POLICE" over tribal lands (see: Special Agent David Price, and Richard "Dickie" Wilson's Reign Of Terror on the Pine Ridge Reservation/1972 to 1975). Nothing has changed.
    I do not personally know any Osage, but I have come to love them deeply, and with an aching heart, and great respect. Thank you, David Grann.

    • @WisdomThumbs
      @WisdomThumbs 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Absolutely correct about President Hoover. His reputation in textbooks is a lie; he was a monster. Author and historian James W. Loewen is a good source for anyone who wants to know more about Hoover’s reputation vs the truth of his deeds and policies.
      No American of any political party should idolize Hoover… Instead, we should all try to be more like Tom White and Mollie.

    • @advocacynaccountablity
      @advocacynaccountablity 4 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Someone had termed what happened (and the version of what is happening today) "banal evil", and I think that's a perfect description.

    • @hanaluong2672
      @hanaluong2672 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      I am so disappointed by Truman who gave out the parole.

  • @sandicianciulli3463
    @sandicianciulli3463 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +202

    So much of Native history has been erased but as a descendant of Carlisle Indian School students who attended the first class in 1879, I hope any attention to Native history raises awareness of contemporary issues that impact Tribal people today.

    • @northernthrifter8817
      @northernthrifter8817 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      All government's have erased history from Babylon to Rome, the native Indian story of one of the more recent truths coming to light, may more truth come out, our freedom depends on truth, without it we will continue to live in slave system called government where the government live off the wealth of the working people.

    • @michaelschramm1064
      @michaelschramm1064 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

      You’d be surprised just how much Native American history has been recorded in books, even in just the last few years in titles I’ve read by Stephen Ambrose, Nathaniel Philbrick, Bob Drury and Tom Clavin, Joseph Ellis and Hampton Sides…for starters.

  • @velvetkeys2944
    @velvetkeys2944 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +50

    I thank David Grann for my family. The Osage are my Greatgrandparents and my grandmothers tribe. My grandfather was from the Nakota Cheyenne tribe in Montana. I grew up listening to the horror stories my grandmother told of the push from the Missouri territory to Oklahoma. Forced marriages deaths etc. I never knew what black gold was till I was older. But the greed that was involved. Pure Evil What is still in play to this day. 😢 people have no clue.

    • @shaunzhai3282
      @shaunzhai3282 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      ❤️💕

    • @unclechinsyou8555
      @unclechinsyou8555 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

      "We're still here ... We are not going anywhere." - Native Americans 😔

  • @svmto
    @svmto 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +51

    It's wild to think that the descendents of the thieves are enjoying the fruits of the murders masked as "old money"

    • @72CrossingRS
      @72CrossingRS 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +8

      It needs corrected. Stolen inheritance has happened to many. There are records of all of this and will also verify who manipulated what to move "what and where"...
      There are no more excuses.

  • @marciahoaglen9971
    @marciahoaglen9971 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +62

    As a Native American elder this sad true tale is just one about the ongoing genocide across America. In California the death, destruction and genocide still lives on with us the survivors and our ancestors. Its a new day but we will always carry the truths.😢

    • @shaunzhai3282
      @shaunzhai3282 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      💕💕

    • @shaunzhai3282
      @shaunzhai3282 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      🙏

    • @anima6035
      @anima6035 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      ❤❤❤

  • @dazrienhaizor8624
    @dazrienhaizor8624 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +179

    I had never heard about this before the movie trailer came out. I read the book and couldn’t believe my eyes. Absolute respect to him for doing all that research and bringing attention to an forgotten part of history.

    • @sheilaanderson321
      @sheilaanderson321 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +8

      I’m reading the book now. It is mind boggling and so shocking. This was not that long ago and it makes me sick.

    • @l.ellei.sorensen4121
      @l.ellei.sorensen4121 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Correcting HISTORY!

    • @linsullivan821
      @linsullivan821 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      TH-cam has documented videos on this subjuct♡

  • @avgolden1974
    @avgolden1974 2 ปีที่แล้ว +75

    Good book. Easy read but pissed me off. The Osage deserves justice for there trauma. It's never too late for ⚖️ justice.

    • @marcetor8290
      @marcetor8290 ปีที่แล้ว +11

      I agree, best way to repare it's give the stolen money back

    • @MaureenDeVries-wd9mh
      @MaureenDeVries-wd9mh 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

      Reparations

    • @matthewgeddis8870
      @matthewgeddis8870 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Money won’t bring back those innocent men and women who died all those years ago

  • @billgrandone3552
    @billgrandone3552 ปีที่แล้ว +203

    A very good read and a damning condemnation of racism and greed against the Osage people.

    • @TerlinguaTalkeetna
      @TerlinguaTalkeetna 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

      Agreed! I found David's journalism refreshing and important. Another look at "our nations" history of treatment of first nation peoples.

    • @joanlovelace7338
      @joanlovelace7338 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

      That was the Osage Nation, do you know anything about other tribes?
      Horendous just horrendous.
      Natives are barely mentioned in history,when they talk about cultures that have been mistreated its usually the black culture, how they all should be paid for families, nothing is ever said about Natives.
      The conquerors killed thousands and thousands.

    • @billgrandone3552
      @billgrandone3552 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@joanlovelace7338 Well Joan, the history of our treatment of the Native People is nothing less than one of broken promises and genocide. Before we were even a nation, the Native Americans were forced to choose sides in the wars between the English and French who were fighting over territorial claims to the United States. The natives were used as surrogate warriors to fight the French or English forces made up of mostly colonists supplied with European weapons , with the promise that either side would return Indian lands back to them. Didn't happen And by the 1840 most Native tribes were driven out of the area east of the Mississippi into the West or Canada, or the extreme northern Great Lakes. You have heard of the Trial of Tears that drove the Cherokee, Osage , and other southern Appalacian Tribes to Oklahoma. And now because of the book, know what happened to them there. Their fate in the West has been glossed over in the movies and the dime novels of the day and also TV but it was nothing short of genocide as the resources the Native Americans needed to hold on to their cutlure, the buffalo and the grasslands and water that nurtured them were taken. Buffalo were slaughtered noy just for food but for sport to starve the Natives and keep the Plains Indians from having decent shelter and clothing which the buffalo provided. It's not a pretty storu but thanks to books like Killers of the Flower Moon and Bury my Heart at Wounded Knee and other books. people can get the real facts. Suggest you read about the great cheifs of the Native Americans such as Tecumseh, Cheif Joseph, Sitting Bull, Cochise, Geronimo.Crazy Horse, and others not so well known, and you will understand that in "subjugating the savage Indian" we have destroyed a culture that had so much to teach us and committed sins for which we can never atone.

    • @tleemf6923
      @tleemf6923 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      ​@@joanlovelace7338it s coming hun..
      IT MAY BE LATE ..IT IS IRREFUTABLY A TRAGEDY After tragedy after tragedy..
      ...but THE TRUTHS ARE RIZING to the surface ...and it's important for hative folks and non native to insist the deep dives keep surfacing ...and working together including with men like this one who commit years of their lives to research and get it right ...one story at a time ...And for us all to find healing along with the grieving to create true unity and to forge humane decent and honorable ways forward into the next 7 generations 🧡🤲🕊💞🤍

    • @babasheeny3634
      @babasheeny3634 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

      @@TerlinguaTalkeetnaThis country has SO MUCH to be ASHAMED of!!!!

  • @donmcallister3745
    @donmcallister3745 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +27

    I’m constantly sickened by the way the Native American people have been treated in their homeland throughout history and still today… forced onto land known that was terrible… until oil was discovered… then the same white people that forced them there… wanted the $$$ that went along with the land. Not only their story… but the way the entire Native American community across this country has been treated… lied to… betrayed time and time again.
    I’m embarrassed and ashamed for what’s been done to these people… for so long… unfortunately there is no way to make any of this right… too much has been taken, stolen and lost. My heart stands with the original custodians of this land… your culture… your beliefs and your pride and honor. I am sorry for what has been done to you and the Native people across America.

    • @suzankephart8461
      @suzankephart8461 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      A true tragedy, so heartbreaking!

  • @craiglist483
    @craiglist483 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +16

    The people of Lahaina could use the astute insight of David Grann to highlight their struggles in real time. Looking forward to this film. God bless the Osage people 🙏

  • @dnitagill7
    @dnitagill7 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +25

    Osage, Osage, Osage I pray for more light to be shed on this horrific tragedy !

  • @janelleetsitty36
    @janelleetsitty36 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +44

    Navajo/Pomo Native here... thank you, Mr Graham for bringing this story into focus. Please bring more native stories to life, if possible.

    • @petermuniz9296
      @petermuniz9296 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Hi am just curious is Navajo Mexican too

    • @janelleetsitty36
      @janelleetsitty36 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@petermuniz9296 ... I believe the Spaniards came here and mixed with the Natives, not in a good way, but...... reasons why the Mexicans speak spanish. Where would the spanish language come from other than Spain? Ye think!?

    • @petermuniz9296
      @petermuniz9296 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@janelleetsitty36 so that make Mexican Native American

    • @janelleetsitty36
      @janelleetsitty36 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@petermuniz9296 bingo!

    • @marciahoaglen9971
      @marciahoaglen9971 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      As a Pomo we too can add chapters for another novel on the genocide in California 😢

  • @helanna9843
    @helanna9843 ปีที่แล้ว +183

    I read the book years several years ago. It's heartbreaking. I'm glad they are making a movie so more people are aware of it. It's time to stop whitewashing our history.

    • @drointhewind480
      @drointhewind480 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Just finished the book, what a book. Incredible

    • @AleisterCrowleyMagus
      @AleisterCrowleyMagus ปีที่แล้ว +5

      I am so excited about the film - it’s getting wonderful reviews so far and the trailer is an instant classic “can you find the wolves in this picture?” Hearing Leo reading that line gives me chills.

    • @TheGoldenCapstone
      @TheGoldenCapstone ปีที่แล้ว +5

      I agree. We should all talk more about how the Indians owned slaves, fought amongst each other, and deleted women and children. Let's not whitewash it; right?

    • @TheDroppedAnchor
      @TheDroppedAnchor ปีที่แล้ว

      Caps in the Shower is acting like he fears his bloodline stems from these miserable low life authority figures.
      I'm probably wrong.
      The Cap is probably just a believer in the Illusion of White Superiority.

    • @sethd6485
      @sethd6485 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@TheGoldenCapstone​ok? 3% of Native Americans held enslaved people pre-Civil War. and records show that slave-owning Native Americans within tribes were largely the children of *white, European men* that had shown their children the economics of slavery. in contrast, 20-25% of white families in slave states owned slaves before the Civil War. and white families also held far more people in slavery than Natives ever did. i think you are missing the OP’s point. yeah, history is messy and complicated and as you rightly point out, whites weren’t the only people who held enslaved people. slavery is a moral outrage no matter who the slaveholder is. but deflecting from the horrors that white colonizers inflicted on enslaved people (and Native Americans!) by not also mentioning them is just proving the OP’s point - that’s whitewashing. you also can’t equate the 3% of Natives who held slaves with the much larger number of whites who did the same (and also perpetrated a mass, government-sanctioned genocide against the Natives). the slave trade would never have existed in the first place without white Europeans. Natives never held Black slaves before European colonization. i would also remind you that white people systematically killed Natives or forced them to resettle on far less fertile land, then took their land from them. the Natives were all but wiped out by white colonizers, and to this day many of the descendants of the survivors live in poverty on tiny reservations. in the case of the Osage, powerful white people again used government authority to seize and drain the fortunes of the wealthy Osage (dozens to hundreds were eventually murdered by white people for the head rights to their oil-rich land). history is nuanced and people who aren’t white can be racist, and have committed or been complicit in racist acts. like i said, history is messy. but the OP wasn’t saying we should throw more focus on the 3% of slave-holding Natives than the 20-25% of white families. after all, white people continue to enjoy privileges that no other demographic enjoys. white “supremacy” is on the rise within the American right. the echoes of slavery, of Jim Crow, of the Trail of Tears, of the horrific genocide against Native Americans; we still see the effects of those injustices today and to avoid the mistakes of our past in the future, we must be exposed to those injustices. the OP was saying white people (myself included) need to acknowledge and reckon with the fact that early white Americans came to this land and, in addition to holding slaves, also participated in the genocide of Natives. too often this gruesome and shameful chapter in our history is whitewashed, meaning it is watered-down for modern white people or simply not covered in grade school out of concern that white students will feel guilty or ashamed. that’s absurd, of course. no one alive today is responsible for these evil acts but we DO have a responsibility to be informed and to fight for a more just future. white people can’t just pretend that their ancestors were all fine people, that the injustices of early America weren’t almost entirely perpetrated by white people. because they were.

  • @seangrogan5413
    @seangrogan5413 ปีที่แล้ว +35

    Osage County still has a serious problem with the sheriffs department to this day.

  • @careyostrer6193
    @careyostrer6193 ปีที่แล้ว +77

    Thank you David Grann for writing this, so much untold history and this part has come to life. I didn’t know about it til I saw the film had been released to a 9 minute standing ovation at the Cannes film festival. I will def read your book, and hopefully see the film one day. Thanks to Storyteller’s studio also.

    • @rachelallen5534
      @rachelallen5534 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Also read The Deaths of Sybil Bolton and A Pipe for February.

    • @careyostrer6193
      @careyostrer6193 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      @@rachelallen5534 I have recently read A Pipe For February, and I will now check out the other you mentioned. Thank you!

  • @george-dw4im
    @george-dw4im 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +85

    Can't wait to see the movie. As heinous as the treatment of the Osage in those days; this is but one tale in the many tales of the way Native Americans have been treated over the years. The Navajo long walk, The five tribes of the Southeast and their trail of tears, Wounded Knee, and endless tales too many to mention here. Thank you David Grann for bringing this to the attention of the American public.

    • @annalisavajda252
      @annalisavajda252 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Oh I think it's about their wealth and oil that they were mainly targetted but yes they were Natives too so that just meant many people were less concerned about justice for them. Many people the world over have died for oil though.

    • @cherylstewart8611
      @cherylstewart8611 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      It’s eye opening. Many of us were never taught in school about the many atrocities that the native Americans suffered. Thank you for the book and the movie.

  • @jhonfamo8412
    @jhonfamo8412 3 ปีที่แล้ว +50

    This is one of a hundred stories. I am a naive 44 year old man..not rich or poor. This is disgusting. No amount of money no amount of extra life could make me want to hurt these people

  • @gentltuch
    @gentltuch 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +12

    I’m a descendant of Choctaw and African American
    Please read the book. This was about greed and race … even the author said so during the interview. Greed sits at the root and racism is what they used to justify the greed. It’s the same ideology as Slavery. They wanted free labor so they could avoid the REAL cost of doing business and used racism to justify horrific acts of terrorism and murder to achieve and remain wealthy. It’s psychologically easier to stealing from someone if you reduce them to being nothing but beasts. I encourage you to add “The half that’s never been told” to your reading library. The only way to root out greed and racism is to teach the true history of our nation’s beginnings. Trying to teach it in a DILUTED state perpetuates division and inequality. We can’t evolve if we refuse to face the REAL truths. My soul truly hopes there is a reckoning soon so we can all do better TOGETHER!

  • @nicherman6759
    @nicherman6759 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +15

    All i can say is David Grann you’re a real one im pretty sure i speak for all native americans when i say you dont have to knock when you come to any one of our houses

  • @tvthayer66
    @tvthayer66 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +8

    Once again, one could almost surmise, that "truth is stranger than fiction..." I am just blown away by this incredible story. My heart goes out to the Osage.

  • @timwall6187
    @timwall6187 4 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    I saw the movie and now reading the book and am not surprised since I read the book "Buried my heart at Wounded Knee". I have been to the Pine Ridge reservation of the Oglala Soiux as well as Wounded Knee and felt a sadness that I can't articulate. These events are not taught in classroom nor are they in the history books. What else has been left out? Thank you for bringing this story to light!

  • @laurahorace9939
    @laurahorace9939 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +20

    I haven’t read this book yet but I certainly will. My deceased mother in law got oil money from the Osage. Her grandfather was an Osage. I have never know the history. I will definitely be doing the research on it all now.

  • @dilexsonkanthasamy6817
    @dilexsonkanthasamy6817 3 ปีที่แล้ว +105

    Great book, listened to the audio version yesterday, couldn't stop, brilliant narration. It's obvious Grann has put lot of time into this. Shocking how low humanity can stoop to get rich off others.
    I'm happy Scorcesse took it for his next project , this part of history deserves all the attention.

    • @jootb
      @jootb 2 ปีที่แล้ว +10

      Yes this part of history deserves all the attention

    • @asherhayes2429
      @asherhayes2429 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      He puts a crazy amount of research into each book. He often spends years just digging through archives

  • @davidonzahwah3777
    @davidonzahwah3777 3 ปีที่แล้ว +51

    David Grann inspires me to get more stories out there from indigenous people

  • @Baldgol4
    @Baldgol4 ปีที่แล้ว +120

    Went to college in Oklahoma and when this book came out I naturally was interested. I had no idea of the shameful, tragic events that took place. This caused me to research deeper and I am shocked to learn how many non-Osage people and institutions now have "headrights" to Osage oil money.

    • @csmtcqueen
      @csmtcqueen ปีที่แล้ว +9

      So the Osage descendants currently are not receiving money from the oil rights?

    • @miriamdeharo
      @miriamdeharo 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

      So people are STILL, to this day, stealing from them?

    • @lindafrazier8092
      @lindafrazier8092 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +12

      Me either and I was born and raised in Oklahoma! Disgusting not so proud to be an Oklahoman also in the 20s town was completely destroyed by clan and others in Tulsa black wall street Greenwood.

    • @rachelm.3173
      @rachelm.3173 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      ​@@lindafrazier8092💯💯💯

    • @johnh.365
      @johnh.365 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      @@lindafrazier8092 I'm proud to call myself an Oklahoman, although I've since moved to Washington state.

  • @michellelioness7577
    @michellelioness7577 3 ปีที่แล้ว +376

    Follow the money, the descendants of these murderers are alive today.

    • @marcetor8290
      @marcetor8290 ปีที่แล้ว +66

      They should give the stolen money back

    • @teresahernandez1059
      @teresahernandez1059 ปีที่แล้ว +55

      @@marcetor8290 These "United States" should be given back.

    • @marcetor8290
      @marcetor8290 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@teresahernandez1059 The Continent was stolen, if at least thiefs and criminals would give back money and land !

    • @TheGoldenCapstone
      @TheGoldenCapstone ปีที่แล้ว +25

      ​@@teresahernandez1059to whom? The Indians? Lol yes we should totally bequeath the entire kingdom and all the modern trappings it's given us to the people that were conquered by it becauseyouve been programed to feel guilty. Brilliant idea.

    • @justpassingthrough2728
      @justpassingthrough2728 ปีที่แล้ว +66

      ​@@TheGoldenCapstone your intelligence is still at donkey level

  • @rosemarymancera4318
    @rosemarymancera4318 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

    My husband and I saw this movie on our anniversary and it was a great, eye opening narrative about a noble people (the Osage), who were terribly wronged. My husband's heritage includes Native American ( Apache) and he was deeply moved by this movie. Robert DeNiro and Leonardo DiCaprio were perfectly suited to portray the leading roles. Lily Gladstone was superb. Mr. Grann did a great job uncovering this story. 👏👏👏👏❤❤❤❤

  • @ericthered760
    @ericthered760 ปีที่แล้ว +46

    I vividly recall seeing a vignette about the Osage Reign of Terror in a 1959 film starring Jimmy Stewart in a loose adaptation of Tom White, the actual FBI investigator appointed by J. Edgar Hoover to look into the murders. The film was based on the book by Donald Whitehead called "The FBI Story." In that film, "Special Agent" Stewart goes on to crack other cases involving the Klan, Nazis and Russian spies. However, I was intrigued seeing this Osage terror story on film as a youngster (must have been around 9-10 at the time), and thus it came as no surprise when someone - in this case Mr. Grann - wrote a book about it.

    • @BadfingerBoogieBarb
      @BadfingerBoogieBarb 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +9

      Charles Red Corn wrote a book on it about 20 years ago called A Pipe for February .

  • @ellensstory4429
    @ellensstory4429 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +9

    Very good book. A story that needed to be told. It wasnt sensationalized, but to in a factual and respectful manner. Mr. Grann is a good writer. The injustice and inhumanity of the culprits makes me so sick and so angry.

  • @janetfrench1576
    @janetfrench1576 ปีที่แล้ว +38

    His book was fascinating! Another " lost " aspect of our history.

  • @lees267
    @lees267 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +32

    Thank you David Grann for your remarkable work in revealing the saga of this horrific time period in Osage and U.S. history.

    • @MarthaRoberts-sh6gf
      @MarthaRoberts-sh6gf 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Martha wants a DNA test Dad was Injun out of the areas mentioned. Told I am 1 16th Vardiman tribe

  • @aguyinarkansas
    @aguyinarkansas 3 ปีที่แล้ว +34

    He indicates that the Osage has deed to their land. Yes, the Osage, tired of being driven off their lands, they bought this land, their reservation. Osage Nation Reservation (I grew up in Pawhuska in the 1960’s and 70’s, a great town/county)

    • @SKC193
      @SKC193 2 ปีที่แล้ว +7

      I was born (1954) & lived in Hominy but never knew about this till a few years ago.

  • @victorlewis3251
    @victorlewis3251 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +16

    First of all, Mr. Grann, I read 'Killers of the Flower Moon". It's a fabulous book---worthy of Steinbeck. Second, as someone with more than a passing interest in the history of the American West, I was astounded that I'd never heard of this quite literally fantastic story. As I read it, one of the things that struck me is this: the most evil monsters who walk among, us more often than not, appear to be innocuous----Himmler, John Wayne Gacy, Albert De Salvo, Rose West, and of course, William Hale. By writing your book, you did a great service to the Osage people in particular and all Native Americans in general. Thank you for your perseverance as well as having the wisdom to share this important story.

  • @msanderlin3330
    @msanderlin3330 3 ปีที่แล้ว +56

    My great grandfather had native children and he stole their allotments and others while they were minors. I'm glad they got land and not oil rights or I wouldn't be here. Evil people wear Angels Faces.

    • @loonylaura85
      @loonylaura85 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

      Or like the author says here they look like normal everyday folk.

    • @localguy8
      @localguy8 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

      In all my life till now the guy with a suit n tie n short trim hair has lied to me the most 😢

  • @GetOutsideYourself
    @GetOutsideYourself 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +19

    Just read the book. I really appreciate that even after the main characters' stories had mostly wrapped up, he still went on to follow up right up to the present day. Very well done.

  • @leslieh4899
    @leslieh4899 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +19

    Bless you for bringing this horrific travesty to light.

    • @72CrossingRS
      @72CrossingRS 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      It will continue to be a travesty and crime until all is rerurned to the rightful descendants!

  • @enough1494
    @enough1494 ปีที่แล้ว +16

    Thank you Mr. Grann, thank you!

  • @alejandrovargas7592
    @alejandrovargas7592 ปีที่แล้ว +30

    It's enough to make you despair of any hope for humanity. The sheer depth of the evil in the hearts of the murderers, and their accomplices is staggering. To think that even numerous lawmen, judges, and even a couple of medical doctors were actively part of the concealment and cover-up is disgusting in the extreme. You have to think that these vile people considered their Osage victims as no better than animals. The several white victims were also disposed of like you might shoot feral predatory dogs.

  • @anellawrites
    @anellawrites 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

    I am rereading the book before the film release and it’s as horrific as I remember. The deeply entrenched racism in this country is beyond comprehension.

  • @mirygalas6508
    @mirygalas6508 ปีที่แล้ว +21

    This story continues to take place by powerful transnational mining companies from Canada, USA, and Europe around the world.

    • @sheilascanlon4928
      @sheilascanlon4928 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      And is happening by family members against elders too now with their property increasing & the mega value an enticement for greedy relatives to defraud them.
      Elder financial fraud is the number one financial crime rampant while unaddressed by an uncaring lack of judicial oversight still to this day !!!

    • @rachelallen5534
      @rachelallen5534 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@sheilascanlon4928 It's so sad.

  • @nakys8112
    @nakys8112 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

    If only there were many more David Granns in these UNited states.

  • @onewink
    @onewink 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +14

    Thank you David Grann. In a time when some in power are expending so much time and energy into censoring and misrepresenting our history, we need more voices like yours. Like you, I hope the good that your writing (and the movie as well) will open people's minds to the Humanity and make a difference in future generations.

    • @Ovprksdnw
      @Ovprksdnw 5 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      A beautiful point expressed very eloquently. Thank you!

    • @onewink
      @onewink 5 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@Ovprksdnw As I read the comments here and see the gratitude, the pain and the common desire for awareness and empathy, I long for a day when the wounds will be healed. Such a proud people brought down by greed and injustice breaks my heart.

  • @Thecorgially
    @Thecorgially 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    I just saw the movie on 10/23 and now am watching/listening to a # of You Tube vlogs on the subject. It is such so traumatic and we as a nation need to bring out this holocaust which our political figures allowed. RIP to all the victims of this horrible greed that caused their death.

  • @Jimdunne_
    @Jimdunne_ 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +17

    Rarely do I come across books that captivate me enough to finish in 2~3 days. I’m already on his new book, “the wager”. His unique style makes the true stories easier to digest despite the research heavy dimension to them.

    • @AAV29
      @AAV29 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      Same , I downloaded the ebook and read it in 2 days and learned more in all my years of "traditional schooling" . I was born and raised in Texas and I learned so much about how the History of the origin stories of what important figures within The Texas Rangers played in this history and crimes. I greatly appreciate David Grann's work and dedication to this Five year long project. I think every student in our country should read this book and grasp what the realities of history really are not what we are misguided to be taught.

    • @christinebryant5115
      @christinebryant5115 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      I was really moved by this book. I mostly read lighter books but on a kick 5 years ago to read historical books. This one really moved me. Typically I dont see the books I read at the movies but I want to see this one. We shall see if I'm as moved as much as the book did.

    • @Darci3333
      @Darci3333 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Very good writers and driven to get to the truth authors makes for bringing history alive and real to those of us that perhaps had no knowledge of the tragedies involved and the travesties.....I love history since I have gotten older especially when I find such authors like him.....

  • @BigMoons2
    @BigMoons2 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    I’ve read this book.. very good. Can’t wait to see the movie. And the fact that there are still people alive today that profit from from these crimes.

  • @sharonkay2674
    @sharonkay2674 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +18

    I'm looking forward to reading the book and seeing the movie. Thank you, Mr. Grann for bringing forth the truth; many more truths be written about. I am of the Tlingit and Unangan (Aleut) lineage and both tribes suffered so many atrocities. And in a sense still do.

  • @mommawolf750
    @mommawolf750 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +12

    Thank you for the research and book. I have Osage roots. Very sad what they had to endure because of greed and hate.

  • @ighdesigns
    @ighdesigns 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +13

    Incredible book. Couldn’t put it down. Hope the movie does it justice.

  • @byrd-is-the-word
    @byrd-is-the-word 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

    One of the most .. if not the most heartbreaking book I have ever read ..

  • @ellenchavez2043
    @ellenchavez2043 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +57

    About 18 years ago, I saw a documentary on Independent Lens, a program of PBS and World Channel. It followed the discovery by a young member of the Osage tribe. While honoring the dead and putting flowers on graves, she noticed many people in the cemetery died around the same time period: people of different ages. She got curious and began researching.
    She uncovered the trail of marriage and death, inherited tribal wealth going to white survivors and the money leaving the tribe. She alerted the tribe and local authorities. Given that white descendants of these people are still alive, the issue has to move to the state and federal level.
    With all these white faces present in the writing and film making, is her name even said? If not, isn't the same thing happening, without the actual murders?

    • @janlafournaise6505
      @janlafournaise6505 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +9

      Excellent point.

    • @Claw-rq8pl
      @Claw-rq8pl 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Absolutely happening today, 2023. And undoubtedly will continue to happen in the future. I myself have seen things within my own circle 'of family' that I cringe when I have to think about it. Sometimes it's not JUST the WHITE EYES that come with evil intent, it can also extend right up next to you on the couch beside you!! Yes, I blame whites for the degradation of this (our) beautiful land, but also their far reaching influences and attitudes, and tyrant governmental and system policies, which aren't created, except to cover their own asses, in case someone gets wise and is going to expose it or them for who or what it really is . This 'country' was doing just fine without whites, money, oil, greed, government and their rules before they so rudely interrupted us. NOW, we are all stuck with whatever "they" want us to have. Or not. We must first buy back our own piece of land, pay mortgages, taxes, debts, liens, transportation, and not to mention, other environmentally and spiritually and culture deprived demands to WHO?..TALK ABOUT FOLLOWING THE MONEY TRAIL.......I'D rather be squatchin'!

    • @rachelallen5534
      @rachelallen5534 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      Good to consider--however, the tribe already knew. They didn't need her to point it out to them. They lived it.

    • @cmo92
      @cmo92 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

      What’s her name?

    • @suzankephart8461
      @suzankephart8461 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      ​@@rachelallen5534
      Yes, but pointing it out to others is very important to hear and know also.

  • @sandybear61
    @sandybear61 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +11

    Thank you, sir, for your brilliant research and writing. Fascinating interview, as well. Thank you for bringing this heartbreaking story out in the open, where it belongs.

  • @georgerodgerson4190
    @georgerodgerson4190 3 ปีที่แล้ว +18

    Just read the book, amazing but so sad

  • @carlaarnold9630
    @carlaarnold9630 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    I have not read David Grann's book yet, but I will see the movie soon. In researching this movie, I have also come across another title "Mean Spirit" by Linda Hogan which covers some of the same story. Linda Hogan, a Native American, wrote this book in the late 1980's and was considered for a Pulitzler Prize in 1991. I wonder if she gets any credit for her work in the Grann book?

  • @tomhamilton460
    @tomhamilton460 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

    I read this book a few years ago and was shocked at the revelations; I am looking forward to seeing the movie--based on the trailer and the subject matter I am hopeful it will win Best Picture next year.

  • @derelict8715
    @derelict8715 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +17

    At the southeast corner of Osage County is Tulsa, with its Greenwood massacre also occurring in the 1920s. Those white people sure didn’t like seeing “other people” doing well.

    • @rachelm.3173
      @rachelm.3173 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

      THIS☝🏾

  • @davidrossman919
    @davidrossman919 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Just finished reading this book. Omg!

  • @kennethhill1535
    @kennethhill1535 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +9

    Thank u for ur five years working hard doing this ❤

    • @michaelschramm1064
      @michaelschramm1064 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      It’s his profession. He did the same for “The Lost City of Z” and “The Wager”.

    • @asherhayes2429
      @asherhayes2429 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@michaelschramm1064He’s doing a new one right now, probably his last. He’s still in the research stage.

  • @fcassini007
    @fcassini007 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +23

    Great book. Half way. It's going to be difficult to watch this film but it has to be done!!

  • @MISSYGful
    @MISSYGful 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +14

    This is not a tragic event, or a brutal campaign. Let's call it what it is mass murder.

  • @jaggg.3821
    @jaggg.3821 2 ปีที่แล้ว +19

    I'm skeptical of Infamous Historical Event's being made into a Movie because I don't feel they truly capture The Horrors happening to the People experiencing True Evil.
    Personally a movie only tell's part of an Historical story whereas A Series can tell audiences so much more.
    I just hope Hollywood keep's as close to the Book as possible.

    • @debbieappelhans9055
      @debbieappelhans9055 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      You mean all of the truth of the book nothing but the truth this is horrifying that is part of my family history and it breaks my heart to even know that on known things were bad but greed really is evil of all things not to speaking of other evil

    • @jaggg.3821
      @jaggg.3821 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      @@debbieappelhans9055 I can relate to how you feel.
      That would be traumatizing to me; if a writer captured my family history and revealed too me my Relatives that were Lynched in Shreveport, LA.
      It's rotten the double murders was based on Race in the first place; but, also factoring in Greed as an motivator that would leave me even more outraged than the Lynching itself.
      Guess it's like what the Black Church always said the Devil comes in many Forms.
      An your Family History proves that saying the Devil in many forms out right.

  • @advocacynaccountablity
    @advocacynaccountablity 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you David Grann for your research and telling this sweeping story. Your work and the work of the movie is to make us aware of parts of our country's history that have been denied and covered up. The truth shall set us truly free.

  • @matai2437
    @matai2437 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +11

    Devastating what happened to this family how many other families has this happened too

  • @zutrue
    @zutrue 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +8

    It was not the most cynical murder in American history it was typical America history in regard to indigenous people. In fact, it had to get in line with The trail of tears, Wounded Knee...ect.

  • @donh01965
    @donh01965 2 ปีที่แล้ว +48

    The treatment of Native Americans is shameful and should be taught in schools. It should replace the lies of Pilgrims and Natives sharing Thanksgiving meals in peace.
    Teaching young people about the mistakes of the past, how American racism has shaped public policy, will insure they don't happen again. Why this is a "Left" vs. "Right" issue is beyond me.

    • @CajunCraft24
      @CajunCraft24 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

      Unfortunately, it’s officially super illegal to teach critical race theory in Oklahoma.

    • @maryjo3550
      @maryjo3550 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      ​@@CajunCraft24 don't compare race theory to this issue! This was all about greed!

    • @Jay-uc8rm
      @Jay-uc8rm 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@maryjo3550 We are only allowed to teach white race theory in our schools.

    • @gentltuch
      @gentltuch 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +9

      @@maryjo3550Please read the book. This WAS about Race too … go back and listen to what the author said during the interview. Greed is at the root and racism is what they use to justify the greed. Slavery was about free labor and the justification for continuing it in the most horrific ways was RACISM. The only way to root out racism is to teach the true history of our nation’s beginnings. Trying to teach it in a diluted state perpetuates division and inequality.

    • @maryjo3550
      @maryjo3550 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

      You should read about tribes! They killed more of there own kind then the white man!

  • @alisongagne8782
    @alisongagne8782 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I saw the movie in the theatre . It was so sad to see how are people were treated so badly. Where I live there is so much prejudice to this day. I am so greatful for David Grann for sharing this story. I would have never knew what happened way back in history.

  • @jenniferfriesen7691
    @jenniferfriesen7691 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    These stories are so important. Bigotry and greed are a cancer that destroys society to this day.

  • @sharonhoerr6523
    @sharonhoerr6523 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +17

    A colleague from Oklahoma said that he was never taught about the Osage culture murders nor the Tulsa, OK massacre. 😟

  • @aliciasullivan4387
    @aliciasullivan4387 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    I'm from Oklahoma and we were never told about this or the Black Wall Street massacre in school.

  • @RM-rz3ph
    @RM-rz3ph 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you Mr Grann for educating us in these areas. I grew up in the educational system of our cities that does not share this information. God bless you Sir

  • @garthlyon
    @garthlyon 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    One can only imagine, the unseen exploitation and prejudice meted out to the Osage and other tribes “below the radar”, not necessarily involving murder, but misery.

  • @Scott_works
    @Scott_works 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    I love Scorcese, De Niro, and DiCaprio and could safely recommend any movie that contains all three. I went to see "Killers of the Flower Moon" last Friday, though I wondered if I would make it through 3 1/2 hours. I left fifteen minutes before the movie was over when both Burkhart and Hale were in jail and the end was predictable. It was soooo long. Even when I left and understood the breadth of this story, much of it was lost (to me) by De Niro and DiCaprio. This scandal and these murders went on for quite some time, and there was a much larger conspiracy involved than what was revealed in the story line of the movie. To me, it has always been poetic justice that the US government would steal the land of the Native Americans and put them on what they deemed as worthless land. Time after time they later discovered that the land was worth more than they thought and they had to figure out a way to steal it from them again. Not only for oil, but for uranium and other rare earth minerals. When those Osage died, their fortunes from the land should have been rolled back into the trust for the tribe and insulated from outsiders who are money grubbers.

  • @user-ln3bd9gz5v
    @user-ln3bd9gz5v 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    United States citizens must learn the truth of its history.

  • @patrarus6097
    @patrarus6097 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Excellent interview! I just saw the movie tonight. It is very well done although very long. It requires patience. Thanks for posting this informative review and background of a story that really needed telling.

  • @loreleigreene5325
    @loreleigreene5325 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +15

    This video makes me think of Maui and the "official" story vs. what the survivors are reporting. The working people and the native Hawaiian's appear to be the targeted group for the land grab.

    • @sharonmahos7522
      @sharonmahos7522 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Yes.. There is a lot of conspiracy theory that the wealthy wanted to burn down lahina village so that they could build ocean front houses, condos, hotels, and what a shame. The people that are indigenous to the islands or the land had full, right.In white man came in and took everything away and destroyed it..

  • @LisaBrown-wy9hi
    @LisaBrown-wy9hi 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    Truth is stranger than fiction.

  • @fonqstarr3636
    @fonqstarr3636 3 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    i live between the film set and Black Wallstreet . its Mad spirits in Oklahoma

  • @kaseyrae7694
    @kaseyrae7694 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +16

    This tragic sickening part of history makes me feel so angry, embarrassed for being a white person in the USA, and sad.I cant believe how sickening the man aka animals that were running states at this time in history let this happen to people I can believe it look at everything the white man did to the Natives but this story just hits me because its so evil and a real look at how money is the root of all evil. Martin Scorsese thank you for the movie and David Grann thank you for telling the story because it very much needed to be told.

    • @jackandlill
      @jackandlill 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Those "running the states" didn't just "let this happen" they were complicit in making it happen...that is one of the many horrifying truths!!

    • @Michele-zn5yi
      @Michele-zn5yi 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      Animals aren't cruel. Monsters/sociopaths are.

    • @kaseyrae7694
      @kaseyrae7694 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@Michele-zn5yi I said that the men in the story were animals I get now what you are saying and you are right animals aren’t disgusting at all I love the creatures around the world so I should of used a diffrent word you are right there thanks for correcting me. Those men are the lowest form of the human race. They forsure are rotting in HELL

  • @seachelllles
    @seachelllles 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    I’ve never heard the term “original Americans” used to describe Native Americans, but I kind of like it bc the Native Americans were really the first Americans.

    • @margaretr5701
      @margaretr5701 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      First Nations, is another term.

  • @justsittingherethinking2530
    @justsittingherethinking2530 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    First time seeing these interviews. Thanks. I loved this story. Very compelling and I plan on seeing the movie when it comes out.

  • @taylornathan9193
    @taylornathan9193 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    I love getting educated... Thank you ❤

  • @teresaprete4639
    @teresaprete4639 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    A coworker of mine gave me the book to read when it was first published. Eye opening story.

  • @greta9558
    @greta9558 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    The movie was mesmerizing....the shortest 3.25 hours I have ever spent.

  • @Melody1433
    @Melody1433 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thanks for writing a book about the Osage... the movie is now being shown here in Japan and got to watch it yesterday...

  • @mariehillard1742
    @mariehillard1742 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you for the hard work you have researched to bring this sad history to light. I love the truth.

  • @csmtcqueen
    @csmtcqueen ปีที่แล้ว +9

    Justice includes the Osage getting their land and money for themselves and their descendants.

  • @Darci3333
    @Darci3333 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    J. Edgar wasnt interested in handling complete justice for the Osage.....he was interested in gaining more and more power and making a name for himself....to further himself...

  • @mrz888atlas
    @mrz888atlas 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Very interesting. Thank you for the posting.

  • @_TheRam
    @_TheRam 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I’m so glad this book was written ( I’m going to get my copy) and so glad the film was made. It’s just Unbelievable!

  • @susiepoadster4642
    @susiepoadster4642 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thank you for the book ❤ And Film! ❤❤

  • @reallynow1445
    @reallynow1445 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    Such a well written book.

  • @danielyoung6630
    @danielyoung6630 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    BRAVO DAVID GRANN

  • @mxyzptlk...
    @mxyzptlk... 3 ปีที่แล้ว +19

    This book of non-fiction shows the true nature of man.

    • @enough1494
      @enough1494 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      Certain men

    • @Sameera-dl4xb
      @Sameera-dl4xb 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      Of the White Man....

    • @asherhayes2429
      @asherhayes2429 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@Sameera-dl4xbthe white man isn’t inherently better or worse than another race. This book is and example of his evil

  • @Jammn126
    @Jammn126 4 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    This is the first I have heard of these crimes. I’m so sorry this happened to the Native Americans. 😢

  • @shedrickcortez-stokes2995
    @shedrickcortez-stokes2995 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Very intriguing… thank u

  • @TradeWynn65
    @TradeWynn65 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thank you for this book.

  • @Zahava61
    @Zahava61 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Read the entire book in one evening & cannot wait to see Marty’s 3 hour movie !

  • @joyce2077
    @joyce2077 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you 🎉😢❤

  • @localguy8
    @localguy8 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    There are so many parts in our history n the world that injustice was perpetrated by men n government then history rewritten to hide the atrocities. It is sad but maybe we as a new generation would rise above it. We as a more informed generation should spearhead Truth, Justice n a more open society of friendship n love for one another. 🙏❤️☮️