I always knew about Portugal being our longest allie but never knew why. I always buy a Portuguese football shirt every few years and love the country. Wish more people knew about our history
@@DiotimaMantinea-ub6yr between 1400 and 1650?Where did you get these dates? Portugal and Spain were never allies,quite the opposite. Portugal had three Spanish kings, the Filipes, between 1580 and 1640 due to the fact that the Portuguese King Sebastião died without any descendants. In the beginning the idea would be that of two kingdoms and one king. But the well known desire of the castellians to overpower other nations especially their neighbours that idea was gradually forgotten and the two last kings of that disnaty, namely Filipe II and Filipe III (Filipe IV of Spain) tried to rule both countries as one. Thus the revolution of 1640 took place and England had an important role in the defence of Portugal against Spain. The Anglo Portuguese alliance was then reinforced through the marriage of Charles II to Catarina de Bragança.
Would be nice if that was true, but most Brits look down on us. May love the food, the sun, the beaches... But the Portuguese aren't seen as equals. Not that I don't appreciate your comment and love for the country, but there's usually a degree of entitlement and haughtiness when dealing with us.
Different people in similar circumstances, both England and Portugal were the end of the world… we had nochoice but to turn to the sea, English and Portuguese have become good friends as consequences of an adverse situation… with all it’s hicups, I’m very glad both parts still hold that alliance true nowadays, true noble people!
My sister is Portuguese and works with the British market so she talks to Brits all day, and she always says in general they're the nicest people, polite, considerate, and curious in an endearing way. Even when they're upset about something they often make it a point to clarify it's not personal which is really nice. Many times they ask where she's from and when she says Portugal they have a positive reaction most of the times.
@@ianworley8169 Nice to hear that Sir Ian! My father's Family is from Alentejo. Vila Viçosa, Borba near the frontier Elvas-Badajoz. I can only say good things about Alentejo. For whoever loves the Countryside, like i always did for in my 43 years of living, Alentejo is a special place. It's hot like hell in the summer but the people are specially welcoming, the food is great, the landscapes also. But then again i'm obviously a lil' biased to talk about it. But nothing is better for me than leaving Lisbon and going to the Countryside whenever work allows me to. I wish more British would come to Alentejo. There's a lot of British families, investors, etc in Algarve and Lower Alentejo. Less in Higher Alentejo. And all Alentejo needs more People and Investments to fight its desertification. Starting from us Portuguese, obviously!
Love how this highlights the special relationship Britain and Portugal gave which by far outways the so called special relationship between Britain and America
@@pbohearn without this alliance the world would be different. I love my country, but if I couldn't be Portuguese, I would like to be english out of eternal gratitude for their nation.
Very true. Its funny when they trot out the so called special relationship with the US. We don't have a special relationship, they have the same relationship with us as others plus its only when it serves its purpose. American does what it wants and doesn't really care about relationships.
Did you know that the oldest brother of Nuno Alvares Pereira, the commander of the Portuguese forces at Ajubarrota, was on the Castellian side and the very mother of Nuno came to plead with him to switch sides fearing his capture or even death? Nuno stood his ground and said no, knowing he was facing a far superior force. Now that courage, or as the Brits say, had f* balls!!
Pedro Alavres Pereira (the Prior of the Order of The Hospital) and Diogo Alvares Pereira (Order of Santiago) fought in the Castilian side and both died in the battle. They were Nuno´s half-brothers.
I would like to take this opportunity to congratulate Mike Loades for his mastery of Portuguese pronunciation... and for his usual excellence in bringing before our very own eyes lively incarnations of historical events. Cheers.
@@ciararespect4296 What's your point? Juan isn't even a Portuguese name. On the other hand Mike Loads pronounced João, the name of the Portuguese king, at a borderline native level.
@@JoaoMMexia I could pick holes in many of his attempts. My point is refuting the point Eolicus made so re-read the thread. Juan is WHOOARN phonetically spoken, Regardless if its Spanish or Portuguese.
So weird I lived in Spain and always felt a hostility towards being English. Been on holiday to Portugal and felt a sense of home being there! Must be in the DNA
Because unlike other european cultures, Portuguese are welcoming and passive by nature. But only as long as you keep respect, ofc, hell can and will break loose 😅
The friendship between Portugal and England predates the formal alliance, and is rooted in the very foundation of the Kingdom of Portugal. In May 1147, a contingent of crusaders left from Dartmouth, Devon in the Kingdom of England. They had intended to sail directly to the Holy Land, but weather forced the ships to stop on the Portuguese coast at the northern city of Porto on 16 June 1147. There they were convinced to meet with Afonso I of Portugal, who had in 1139 declared himself king of the new Kingdom of Portugal. The crusaders agreed to help the King attack Lisbon, which was at the time held by the Moors with an agreement that the crusaders could pillage the city's goods and get the ransom money for expected prisoners. After successfully retaking Lisbon, most of the English crusaders are believed to have settled there.
I love Portugal my new home if you need workers in the UK then why not open the doors to your best mates. Free movement and work visas for the Portuguese. Now of course the EU the French and the Germans would not like it, which pleases me no end. Two more weeks and I am back home to Coimbra.
The longevity of this alliance is nothing short of a miracle in the turbulent world of international relations, and a source of pride for all Lusophones around the globe. Here's to another 650 years! Congratulations to both countries from Brazil.
claro que é um orgulho manter a mais antiga aliança do mundo, com um país que nos ajudou em tempos difíceis da nossa história...que para o bem, ou para o mal...temos uma linda história de "conveniência" do passado...
Portugal should be forever regretful for having a one-sided alliance just for the sake of looking like we hang around with the "powerful". Backstabbings and thievery during the spanish kings in Portugal, ultimatums in africa, and just a general contempt and disregard of Portugal by the british. It's only an alliance when it serves british purposes (which is essentially, to destabilize continental europe and prevent countries from becoming more powerful than brits). It has also technically been broken and thus legally terminated and void several times. It should formally and publicly be trashed to signify the true utility of the treaty for the majority of its existence: to have Portugal on a leash and do britain's bidding.
As a young man my girlfriend and I went to Portugal... I was surprised how friendly they were to us. As an englishman it is nice to be like by foreigners. The only other friendly countries I have travelled through ... Italy and Germany:)
@@bobbyhanly3466 Nope we like British in Portugal. There's a huge community of British Families that chose Portugal to live. I Porto, Lisboa, Algarve (South Portugal). A lot of the Producers of Porto Wine and Douro Wine in the North of Portugal are British-Portuguese Families. And in Algarve (South Portugal), a heavily tourism focused Region, a lot of the Investments were done my British and Portuguese joint ventures. What we don't like is British hooligans that come to get drunk and generate conflicts. But those can be British or of other any Nationality. We can't judge everyone 'cause the behaviours of some. Just like Americans. But it's different British are connected by History to Portugal. Americans are not. America is 247yo and Portugal 880yo. The connection between British Kingdom and Portuguese Kingdom goes that far. British are seen as proper Educated People in its vast majority. Americans not really. And by no means i wanna sound disrespectful. I have a lot of American and Canadian friends 'cause i have family in Toronto, Canada. But there's something Imperialist in a lot of self-absorbed Americans. That delusional sense of Greatness is stuck in a lot of Americans and some behave under that idea of superiority. But then again there's good and bad people in any Country. A lot of Americans have chosen Portugal to live in the last years and they obviously feel at home here. USA and Portugal were always allies. Azores islands are very influenced by USA 'cause of the Lajes Air Base in Ilha Terceira, Azores Archipelago. Actually the Island from where my Mom's family is originally. Where my Gfather and GGfather were born and from where his brothers migrated to Toronto, Canada.
@@R.a.f.a.e.l. I also find it very hard to believe. Going by the negative stuff the Brazilians say against Portuese people.If anything, the history you learned probably encouraged you people to disrespect and hate Portugal.
@@mariahinderscheid6535 What is hard to believe? I'm talking about what we learn about the relationship between England and Portugal. It doesn't have anything to do with anything else you are talking about. The Methuen Treaty is in every history textbook in brazilian schools, for instance. If you want to argue with someone, argue with the brazilian Ministry of Education guidelines, not me.
@@Overkill2008well please get your politicians to stop begging, blackmailing and love bombing us to stay then... Enjoy your labour/tory pendulum of power 😂
Glad to be Portuguese English, we inspire the world in innovation and culture and have saved the world multiple times. God Bless the Anglo Portuguese Alliance 🇵🇹🇬🇧
More recently Portugal helped us to win the battle of the Atlantic by allowing British and American aircraft use the Azores as a base from which to launch anti u-boat operations over a part of the ocean which had been previously inaccessible to maritime air patrols.
More recently even, England called upon this treaty for logistical support in the Falklands war. And again, Portugal allowed the use of the Azores as a base for the English Army who could refuel, resupply and have logistical support from way closer then they would have if they had to send it from England. Portugal even sent a letter to Queen Elizabeth asking if "Her Majesty would request the direct intervention from the Portuguese army in the Falklands, because if so, whenever England calls for help, Portugal shall heed it's call and never refuse, for as long as Portugal stays immortal" to which the English replied "It shall not be needed for the Lusitans to trouble themselves with such a small matter that we can easily solve ourselves, the support you are giving us is enough and no more shall be requested of you."
One thing I haven't found studied anywhere, but seems logical to me, is the origin of the british fleet. You can't just build a modern navy through orders and resources thrown at it, without the complex mathematics and production engineering of such ship building, yet that's what's accredited to Henry VIII and his predecessor. The role of Portugal, and its Lisbon arsenal engineers, is very likely under reported.
The creator of the English fleet or at least the first to say: "considering that you are an Island-country why don't you create a fleet? was the person we know as Felipe II of Spain. He was, for three years Philip I of England since he had married queen Mary I, his cousin. Until her death he had the right to enjoy all of her titles, but they didn't have children he didn't like it much in England and soon returned to Spain. For political reasons he offered marriage to her half sister Elizabeth I, but she refused and became a fanatic enemy of Spain and a strong supporter of the Protestant cause all across Europe.
And maps of navigation... before the british started their voyages, maps with sea currents and winds, instruments for navigation, etc... Most of it came from portugal.
It was Shakespeare that was sent to Venice with others to learn everything about navy, while he also learned how to write by copying into English all the stories he heard there.
The English Galleon is a direct adaptation from the Portuguese Man-o-war. Most English ships had Portuguese navigators and most Kings of Europe had a Portuguese royal doctor, with the best one outside of the one tending to the Portuguese King, being sent to the king of England. This happened even after England became protestant, where the Portuguese doctor was the only one in the royal court allowed to stay Catholic due to the respect between both countries.
Portugal and England saved each other efectively. But the batle of Aljubarrota and The batle of Bussaco were 2 Key moments in portuguese history. Thanks England, we love you and your friendship. 🇵🇹🇬🇧
English help in Bussaco was invaluabe. In Aljubarrota however, was simbolic at best. 200 archers have no impact on a battle where both sides has several thousand crossbowmen.
@@FaithfulOfBrigantia English numbers at Aljubarrota are unknown, it could have been as many as 600 longbowmen and men-at-arms. Plus, English tactics perfected against the French at Crecy and Poitiers. Moreover, considering Windsor was the aftermath of Aljubarrota, clearly the Portugese crown valued the English contribution.
@@jackwhitehead5233 800 of the 1000 contingent was stationed at the Northern front. 200 is already the upper estimate. The English don't have a monopoly on tactics or battle experience. Portugal had been waging wars against both Castilians and Moors for centuries by then, they knew how to wage a defensive battle, they knew how to counter superior armies made up of large amounts of cavalry, light and heavy alike. Atoleiros earlier had no English contingent and was equally impressive. Valverde after also had no English contingent and was even more impressive. Of course the friendship was desirable, both sides were natural allies in a situation where they much larger rivals had themselves forged an alliance themselves. But even implying that Aljubarrota was to the credit of the English in any shape of form is completely self centered delusion.
@@FaithfulOfBrigantia yet the tactics used were 100% English, flanking archers, pit and stake traps, using the terrain to destroy heavy cavalry. It had been done at Crecy and Poitiers previously, exactly the same tactics and formations. At no point have I dismissed Portugal's capability on the battlefield, nor said that the English won that battle. You are putting words in my mouth to make up for what your argument lacks.
Portugal and England's alliance was always something everyone acknowledged even though some not understanding why, at least that's what I've noticed here in Portugal will all my friends and even family. It is so great to really go in-depth into the why(even though I already knew some of this, I didn't know all of course) our history was always connected in some way.
We study in Portugal this part of the History, is mandatory to have History classes up to the 9th grade, so the majority of the portuguese people are aware of this alliance
The biggest battle in Portuguese territory was the Batle of Bussaco. 50 thousand anglo-portuguese (25 thousand British+ 25 thousand portuguese) against 50 thousand french!! General Wellington was on the comand of the anglo portuguese army, wich beated napolon army in 3 invasions!!
I enjoyed this very much. Wish Portugal and England still had a common travel area like the UK and Ireland where you can live in each other’s countries without restrictions, since the UK has left the EU. I think that would be an awesome way to honor our long standing alliance.
Very nice to see an english perspective on this! Just one thing about the battle of Aljubarrota. The fighting didn't last the whole day as it's said here, the castillians arrived at the grounds in the morning by the road in the north and had to go around the site because the ground was unfavorable and steep. The Portuguese Constable, Nuno Álvares Pereira knew they would do this and had the ground previously prepared on the opposite side of the ridge facing south, where the actual fighting would take place. The castillians took a long time to bring up the huge number of men into that new position and seing the sun was going down, the king (Juan I) who was sick and travelling on cart gave in to the pressure of a few hot head nobles and ordered the attack, which lasted for only about an hour before sunset in a perfect trap. It's one of Portugal's most important victories as a nation and a great example of a battle in the hundred years war.
It's always good to the soul to watch a well made foreign-made documentary on Portugal. Well done. The old museum of the battle of Aljubarrota had excelent descriptions of the actions of the english bowmen, as well as an overal description of the battle. It also had figures & lists of the dead castilian and french noble dead, showing the carnage caused, giving the visitor an excelent idea of the efect the battle had. The _modern_ museum, otoh, is an interactive sh$t that shows a movie and some artifacts and that's it.
Now THIS is high quality history content. Most history channels post such simple information and with innacuracies. While this video doesn't have all the meaningful details, it still got most of them and the production itself was great
Shout out to Nuno Alvares Pereira, who isnt mention i think, but is the reason why aljubarrota was won. Man literally came to Aljubarrota imediately after beating his brother's army, which was 3 times larger, only to beat castille's main army which was also atleast 3 times larger. Definitely a tactical genious.
The mastermind of the battle of Aljubarrota was the Constable D. Nuno Alvares Pereira, an awesome tactician who won several battles by forcing nobles to fight on foot (something unthinkable at that time) agains the spanish cavalry. I guess he studied the battles of crecy and poitier very well :)
This is not entirely true. Remember that what we know about Aljubarrota in Portugal comes from Fernão Lopes who lived about 60 years after the event itself. So its quite normal he most likely had exaggerated the part of Nuno Alvares Pereira, although to say the truth the Constable was indeed an outstanding commander, two years before (1383) he had won in Atoleiros near the Castilian border a far superior force. However, let's be reasonable here, Aljubarrota's tactics seemed like a very English typical 100 years war technique. That is because it was.
And for those who think that Aljubarrota, despite the great numerical inferiority, was luck, shortly after on Spanish soil, the battle of Valverde was fought. Again great numerical inferiority, again crushing victory for Portugal. The impact on Castilian morale was such that the next battles would be fought many years later not with Castile trying to dominate Portugal, but the unthinkable opposite given the demographic disparity. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Valverde_(1385)
Nuno Alvares Pereira was an excellent tactician all around. He was a proven general not just in the Battle of Aljubarrota with English aid but before and after that as well, for example at the Battle of Valverde where he won against vastly superior numbers.
@@ideiasradicaispt9772 , hello there. That idea has long been since disproven. We have no reliable information on the heraldry of Count Henrique, Afonso's father, or even Afonso's own heraldry before the adoption of the five escutcheons sown with bezants over a field of white. The idea that Henrique's flag (and, by extension, that of the County and then kingdom) was a blue cross on white comes from 16th century sources. I suggest reading a summary of the question in "Quinas e Castelos" by Miguel Metelo de Seixas. And, of course, St. George's flag is always red on white, a blue cross would automatically make it another flag.
It’s odd, growing up having an intense passion for history, I always had an affinity for Portugal, seeing them as that friend who shows up when you need them to! 💪🏻🏴🇵🇹👍🏻
Really it was fascinating historical page of correlation between Portugal 🇵🇹 and Britain 🇬🇧 confronted French 🇫🇷 and Castilian dynasties allies...thank you for sharing
Two great sea faring nations that were explorers and were not too far from each other. Portugal saw a brother in us and we in them. Our alliance is the oldest and will forever stay that way
Catarina de Bragança didn’t introduce just tea in England, apparently ginger biscuits were also introduced by her… her brother, the King of Portugal, used to yearly dispatch a ship from India straight to England with tea ginger and other spices for his sister
She didn't introduce the tea, she introduced the habit of drinking tea making it something noble to to. The tea was already there and was coming from China.
This alliance even had dramatic ramifications for Brazil, the country I live in. Faced with the ordeal of having to choose between yielding to Napoleon led France or to the pressures of England, Portuguese prince regent D.João (the reigning Queen, Maria I was mad by then) decided to transfer the entirety of the Portuguese government to Brazil, one of Portugal's colonies at the time. It is the first instance in history of an Eurpean monarch setting foot into one of his colonies, and the sole example in history of a phenomenon called "metropolitan inversion", in which the seat of a colonial power (Lisbon) is abandoned in favour of a city within the colony itself (Rio de Janeiro). It was the British Royal Navy that escorted the Portuguese Royal Family to the shores of Brazil with safety. The gun salute that heralded the arrival of the first European monarch ever to set foot in the Americas was fired by British ships of the line. Brazil owes it's elevation to the status of "United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and Algarves" to the ancient alliance Portugal had with England, which prince João (later King John VI of Portugal) sought to maintain.
About Robert Devereux 1589 expedition it gave rise to an expression in Portugal, "the friends of Peniche" it is used as a reference to fake friends because they plundered some villages along the way ro Lisbon when they saw Lisbon's defenses they fled.
Portugal gave not only Mumbai to England but also Tanger in North Africa, that gave control over the Mediterranean to the Brits, that didn't had Gibraltar yet
For me, the Battle of Aljubarrota was an important part of the 100 Years' War. The Portuguese army fought in the manner of the English at Crécy. In 1385 there were 1000 English archers in Portuguese territory, 800 of them on the northern border with Galicia, so perhaps 100 or 200 of them could have participated in the battle. In any case, there was knowledge of English tactics, for example, one of the 26 knights of the Order of the Garter was Portuguese and the latest investigations into Constable Nuno Álvares Pereira in the years prior to the Battle indicate that he may have fought for some time with the English.
Yes, Nuno Alvares Pereira learned these tactics directly from english experts. There was a lot of contacts and interchange of knowledge between both countries
Phillipa of Lancaster may have been born in England, but she was adopted by the portuguese! The best honorary citizen of our country. She was the woman who gave us the generation of brave rulers that began the descobrimentos
This military alliance had even greater consequences, as the Portuguese royal family left Portugal for Brazil to escape Napoleon and did so with the help of the English fleet. Therefore, Brazil became the center of the Portuguese empire and because of this it remained united, unlike what happened to Spanish America.
Spanish America is not divided because the King of Spain went into exile there or not. But because it is a territory with many contrasts. One third is tropical forests. Another part is occupied by the Andes mountain range, from north to south, with more than 500 mountains over 5,000 metres high, and deep valleys. This clearly separates Argentina from Chile. Consider that Brazil does not have any mountains over 3,000 metres high. There are also deserts. If we were to put Spanish America, from Argentina to Mexico, on the map of Europe-Asia, the south of Argentina would be in Lisbon, and the northern border of Mexico would be in Japan. More than 11,000 km. Argentina, Uruguay and Chile have a majority of European population. Above all Argentina and Uruguay. The central zone of Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador and Paraguay have more indigenous population. Colombia has a mixture of the three races: Spanish, indigenous and black. Venezuela has more mixture of Spanish and African. Cuba and Puerto Rico are islands. The Dominican Republic is an island with a larger population of African origin, which was occupied by Haiti. Even so, it is true that they could have been 6 or 7 countries, not 19. But in Central America itself there is a lot of variety. Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras have a larger indigenous or mestizo population. Especially Guatemala. Panama is more black-indigenous. Costa Rica is whiter. The north of Mexico is whiter, the south is more indigenous. The center is mestizo. This created different groups, which in some places with strong capitals became countries. In addition, there were processes of all kinds during the revolutions of the 19th century, and the borders changed a lot. Brazil practically had its civilization on its only coast. While Hispanic America faces two oceans and a sea. Even if it had been united, it would have been impossible to send a delegate from Argentina to Mexico on horseback. Even the Aztec Indians did not know of the existence of the Inca empire, before the Spanish. And the Incas did not know of the Aztecs and the Mayans.
Philippa of Lancaster is a very beloved queen of the Portuguese. She was the mother of the illustrious generation, the generation of kings, princes and princesses who came to elevate Europe to a global continent, which would come to lead the planet. In addition to the more than famous Henry the Navigator, we must also highlight her sister: Isabel of Portugal who married Filipe III, Duke of Burgundy. The Order of the Golden Fleece, is an order of chivalry founded in 1429 by Filipe III, Duke of Burgundy to celebrate his marriage to Infanta Isabel of Portugal, daughter of the Portuguese King D. João I and his wife, Queen Philippa of Lancaster. The Order received privileges hitherto unknown to any other order of chivalry: the sovereign should consult it before conflicts; all disputes between its knights were defined by order; knights could be tried by the order in matters of rebellion, heresy, and treason; among other peculiar characteristics. Throughout the Middle Ages, the Duchy of Burgundy became an economically powerful region. Philip III planned to convert the region into a sovereign state between France and the Holy Roman Empire, regaining the territory of Lotharingia. Eventually, Philip III inherited the counties of Flanders and Artois, the duchies of Brabant, Luxembourg and Limburg, as well as the manors of Henao, Zeeland and Holland, making him one of the most powerful feudal lords of his time. D. Isabel Infanta of Portugal and Duchess of Burgundy She was born in Évora in 1397 and died in 1471. She was the daughter of D. João I and his wife, Queen D. Filipa de Lencastre. She is one of the illustrious princesses, whose brothers and sisters would come to be known as: the "Illustrious Generation", who, due to their exceptional ability and extraordinary competence, would change Europe and the world, as no one had ever done before. Princes from all over Europe wanted her as a wife, and D. Isabel came to marry the Duke of Burgundy and Count of Flanders, Philip II, the Good, who had already been widowed twice, one of the most powerful sovereigns in Europe, a courageous warrior , which conquered and united Holland and Zeeland to its states. The Infanta's dowry was 150:000cruzados (60:000:000 réis), a very important amount at that time. A squadron of thirty-nine warships came to Lisbon to fetch her, with the sires of Roubaix, Toulongen, Noyelle and other Burgundian nobles. With a happy journey she arrived at the fleet in Bruges, where the duke was waiting for her, and received her with the greatest demonstrations of love and joy. The wedding took place on January 10, 1429, according to Father Francisco de Santa Maria, in the first volume of the Historical Year, p. 70, and in January 1430; according to other writers. The parties were sumptuous, the likes of which had never been seen in that country. For greater pomp and in honor of his wife, the Duke of Burgundy instituted the most noble order of the Golden Fleece, which is only conferred on sovereigns and people of the highest nobility. In its institution, this order had thirty-nine knights, which was the number of ships that made up the squadron that had come to fetch the new duchess. The order militates under the patronage and tutelage of Our Lady and the Apostle Saint Andrew; his insignia is a golden lamb, hanging on his chest from a necklace, made up of rifles also made of gold, to which writers give various meanings. This order was professed, after the states of Philip were united with those of the house of Austria, all the emperors of Germany, and all the kings of Castile, preserving in the latter the dignity of Grand Master. Also professed in the same order, at different times, several kings of Portugal, France, England, Scotland, Hungary, Naples, Poland, Denmark, and almost all the potentates of Germany, and many other lords of Europe . Beautiful, energetic and prudent, D. Isabel proved worthy, due to her virtues and high intelligence, to share the fate of the Duke of Burgundy, and when in 1434 the Duke went to Flanders, the Duchess was left to govern her States. She excelled in this thorny office under difficult circumstances, and has since taken a most important part in diplomatic dealings with France, England, and other powers. She attended the congress of Arras in 1486, promoted in 1439 the conclusion of a treaty of commerce between England and Burgundy. She obtained the freedom of the Duke of Orléans, who had been a prisoner of the English at the battle of Agincourt in 1415, etc. The life of the Duchess D. Isabel was a sequence of noble, virtuous and chivalrous actions. In 1453, knowing that the city of Constantinople was taken by the Turks, she wrote with her own handwriting to all the Christian princes, encouraging them to recover it, and offering herself with all her vassals to be a companion in the works and the conquest. Charles VII, of France, claimed that the States of Burgundy were his feudatories, and should pay him tribute and the Burgundian dukes should come to attend the parliaments. The duke defended his sovereignity, not wanting to recognize himself as vassal of France. To prevent a breakup that would be fatal to both States, the Duchess went to Paris, and with eloquent words persuaded King Charles VI, that the election be decided by the duel of two knights. The king accepted, naming the most skillful and hardworking French knight he had in his court, and the Duchess of Burgundy chose Álvaro Gonçalves Coutinho, the Magriço, as her defender, who was returning triumphant with his eleven knights from the famous London duels. The day of the duel arrived, which was attended by the entire court of France, the Duchess, the respective judges and many nobility and people. In the first impetus, the contenders broke the spears, and pulling out their swords, Magriço cut off his opponent's head, thus winning the dispute, of which he was a diligent champion. (V. Magriço). In 1457 he left the court, and went to live in the castle of Nieppe, at the foot of Hazebrouck. D. Isabel was also distinguished by her charity and the care with which she treated the poor and the sick. She always retained a great affection for the States over which she was sovereign and the greatest interest in the fate of her native country. The Duchess had three children, of whom two died as boys, and the third was the celebrated Charles the Bold, who succeeded his father and was the last Duke of Burgundy. She outlived her husband by three years, and died at the age of seventy-four, being buried in the Carthusian convent of Dijon. There is an autograph letter from the Duchess D. Isabel, which was kept in the Bruges Archive, and whose translation or copy was published in the newspaper O Popular, in London, in 1825, vol. III, pg. 262. Few know that the highest order of chivalry, the Order of the Golden Fleece, was instituted in honor of a Portuguese princess, who together with Empress Isabella of Portugal were married to the two greatest sovereigns in Europe of the 15th and 16th centuries.
I have no idea of who you are. I am proud of what you wrote, sometimes I doubt but I am always sure. In Portugal we say "Ínclita geração" - Luís de Camões.
@@ginasilva1862 Ínclita, é daqueles adjetivos que supera tudo e de certeza que é muito superior a "Ilustre", mas acho que não há tradução fiel em inglês para tão alta palavra.
@@binalcensored2104 exatamente. Há palavras cujo significado é muito difícil traduzir. Uma delas é a palavra "saudade". Pois não é simplesmente uma palavra, mas todo um sentimento que abarca.
What I love is white Oporto. Not near as well known (unless you like syllabub) especially in North America, but it's a very refreshing flavourful wine without being quite so intense as red port.
Hi! Just another video to have fun by reading the (its) comments! To mention: the oldest alliance in the world... Still in force today. The "Anglo-Portuguuese alliance". It is all said. Obrigada. A very interesting video.
Desde pequenina que adoro e amo a Inglaterra!!! Já visitei este maravilhoso país, povo respeitador acolhedor e simpático, adorei ir lá e gostaria imenso de voltar, visitar este país irmão!!!! Que Deus vos abençoe sempre Portugal e Inglaterra 🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🤗🤗🤗🤗🤗🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤
Mad respect to the makers of this video for actually putting an effort into pronouncing Portuguese names and places correctly.
Yes that was great!
Every Portuguese person I've met in my travels has been very pleasant indeed - a good-natured and thoughtful folk, in my view.
Concordado.
Our Portuguese Historian, contrary to some Portuguese Polititians living abroad, has also a remarkable English pronouce.
@@fernandes5986 That is also true!
Forever thankful to Portugal for bringing us tea❤️🇬🇧
Cha not tea lol u guys changed the name😂
I always knew about Portugal being our longest allie but never knew why. I always buy a Portuguese football shirt every few years and love the country. Wish more people knew about our history
@@DiotimaMantinea-ub6yr The pact was there but with all alliances, there were ups and downs but never both countries forsaken each other until 1898.
You're more than welcome in our Country, Bruv! 🇵🇹❤🇬🇧
@@DiotimaMantinea-ub6yr between 1400 and 1650?Where did you get these dates? Portugal and Spain were never allies,quite the opposite. Portugal had three Spanish kings, the Filipes, between 1580 and 1640 due to the fact that the Portuguese King Sebastião died without any descendants. In the beginning the idea would be that of two kingdoms and one king. But the well known desire of the castellians to overpower other nations especially their neighbours that idea was gradually forgotten and the two last kings of that disnaty, namely Filipe II and Filipe III (Filipe IV of Spain) tried to rule both countries as one. Thus the revolution of 1640 took place and England had an important role in the defence of Portugal against Spain. The Anglo Portuguese alliance was then reinforced through the marriage of Charles II to Catarina de Bragança.
dinasty
Sorry for the misspelling.
Dynasty.
It is bizarre how allegiances like this feel like they are ingrained in our very DNA - as a Brit I have always loved Portugal
:), also the need creates the ingeniousness (a necessidade cria o engenho)
Would be nice if that was true, but most Brits look down on us. May love the food, the sun, the beaches... But the Portuguese aren't seen as equals.
Not that I don't appreciate your comment and love for the country, but there's usually a degree of entitlement and haughtiness when dealing with us.
Different people in similar circumstances, both England and Portugal were the end of the world… we had nochoice but to turn to the sea, English and Portuguese have become good friends as consequences of an adverse situation… with all it’s hicups, I’m very glad both parts still hold that alliance true nowadays, true noble people!
Portugal owes it's existence to England
@@aston452 Mistaking the tree for the forest, are we?
I've lived in the UK for 20 years and never treated badly. The British are special people, nothing but respect. Big hug from Portugal.
mate my best friends are english!! I love u.k
My sister is Portuguese and works with the British market so she talks to Brits all day, and she always says in general they're the nicest people, polite, considerate, and curious in an endearing way. Even when they're upset about something they often make it a point to clarify it's not personal which is really nice. Many times they ask where she's from and when she says Portugal they have a positive reaction most of the times.
Ive lived in Portugal and it is my most visited holiday location. I love Portugal
God Bless Portugal! from your English friends
god bless England to 🇵🇹🇵🇹🇵🇹🇬🇧🇬🇧🇬🇧✝️✝️✝️✝️✝️✝️❤️❤️❤️
Love Portugal, been many times when i was young and now with my family. Great people, food and country.
Best Regards from Portugal, your proper bruvs 😂🇵🇹❤️🇬🇧
Love you bruv ❤🇬🇧🇵🇹
As a Brit living in rural Alentejo since 2002, always been treated like family. Nowhere better on Earth.
❤
@@ianworley8169 Nice to hear that Sir Ian! My father's Family is from Alentejo. Vila Viçosa, Borba near the frontier Elvas-Badajoz. I can only say good things about Alentejo. For whoever loves the Countryside, like i always did for in my 43 years of living, Alentejo is a special place. It's hot like hell in the summer but the people are specially welcoming, the food is great, the landscapes also. But then again i'm obviously a lil' biased to talk about it. But nothing is better for me than leaving Lisbon and going to the Countryside whenever work allows me to. I wish more British would come to Alentejo. There's a lot of British families, investors, etc in Algarve and Lower Alentejo. Less in Higher Alentejo. And all Alentejo needs more People and Investments to fight its desertification. Starting from us Portuguese, obviously!
@@realbasileus1986 Likewise, Bruv!
Love how this highlights the special relationship Britain and Portugal gave which by far outways the so called special relationship between Britain and America
far out ways?! I think you mean “far outweighs” and no, it doesn’t!
No one knew of America's existence back in 1373. It's incredible that this alliance has lasted 650 years.
@@pbohearn without this alliance the world would be different. I love my country, but if I couldn't be Portuguese, I would like to be english out of eternal gratitude for their nation.
Very true. Its funny when they trot out the so called special relationship with the US. We don't have a special relationship, they have the same relationship with us as others plus its only when it serves its purpose. American does what it wants and doesn't really care about relationships.
People forget that we aren't Americas oldest friend. We are their oldest enemy.
Did you know that the oldest brother of Nuno Alvares Pereira, the commander of the Portuguese forces at Ajubarrota, was on the Castellian side and the very mother of Nuno came to plead with him to switch sides fearing his capture or even death? Nuno stood his ground and said no, knowing he was facing a far superior force. Now that courage, or as the Brits say, had f* balls!!
No. Nuno Alvares Pereira was a warrior saint.
@@MrG100000008 well, yes.
Pedro Alavres Pereira (the Prior of the Order of The Hospital) and Diogo Alvares Pereira (Order of Santiago) fought in the Castilian side and both died in the battle. They were Nuno´s half-brothers.
Brothers, more than one.
And he killed his brothers XD. I wonder how their mother felt.
I would like to take this opportunity to congratulate Mike Loades for his mastery of Portuguese pronunciation... and for his usual excellence in bringing before our very own eyes lively incarnations of historical events.
Cheers.
Haha awful pronunciation. King Juan with a J???
@@ciararespect4296yes! A J that in portuguese spelled Jay and in castillan/Spain spelled Rrruan…
@@ciararespect4296 What's your point? Juan isn't even a Portuguese name. On the other hand Mike Loads pronounced João, the name of the Portuguese king, at a borderline native level.
@@JoaoMMexia I could pick holes in many of his attempts.
My point is refuting the point Eolicus made so re-read the thread.
Juan is WHOOARN phonetically spoken, Regardless if its Spanish or Portuguese.
@@ciararespect4296are you portuguese or do you even speak portuguese?
As a portuguese grandaughter of a british lady I can say i am happy that my ancesters were alies 👌❤️
🏴❤🇵🇹
There's something really cool about reading the comments and seeing the mutual respect from both countries.
Respect lads 👊
So weird I lived in Spain and always felt a hostility towards being English. Been on holiday to Portugal and felt a sense of home being there! Must be in the DNA
because English tourist in Spain are horrible and I'm English . I don't blame the Spanish for hating us
have alot of british people in spain, idk why they prefere spain but i love both countries
Because unlike other european cultures, Portuguese are welcoming and passive by nature. But only as long as you keep respect, ofc, hell can and will break loose 😅
so go to live there
Spread the word, please.
The friendship between Portugal and England predates the formal alliance, and is rooted in the very foundation of the Kingdom of Portugal. In May 1147, a contingent of crusaders left from Dartmouth, Devon in the Kingdom of England. They had intended to sail directly to the Holy Land, but weather forced the ships to stop on the Portuguese coast at the northern city of Porto on 16 June 1147. There they were convinced to meet with Afonso I of Portugal, who had in 1139 declared himself king of the new Kingdom of Portugal.
The crusaders agreed to help the King attack Lisbon, which was at the time held by the Moors with an agreement that the crusaders could pillage the city's goods and get the ransom money for expected prisoners.
After successfully retaking Lisbon, most of the English crusaders are believed to have settled there.
Hello there, scholar from the video here! Someone was paying attention to Part 1 of the documentary ; )
They did. Even Lisbon bishop was english.
Also, didn't the pope declare that the people who took part in the reconquista were relieved from the duty of taking part in the crusades?
the settling, it is believed by many, in the annals of tourism, to still be happening to this day
for that city is fucking gorgeous
I love Portugal my new home if you need workers in the UK then why not open the doors to your best mates. Free movement and work visas for the Portuguese. Now of course the EU the French and the Germans would not like it, which pleases me no end. Two more weeks and I am back home to Coimbra.
Have never met a bad Portuguese person yet. They are lovely people.
I am a Brazilian, i have both british and portuguese ancestry🇬🇧❤️🇵🇹
The longevity of this alliance is nothing short of a miracle in the turbulent world of international relations, and a source of pride for all Lusophones around the globe. Here's to another 650 years! Congratulations to both countries from Brazil.
Quais são os dois países do Brasil ?... 😳
@@gracasilver8574 Aprendeu a ler com o Paulo Freire? Ou será apenas o QI médio de um brasileiro?
@@gracasilver8574Portugal e Inglaterra
claro que é um orgulho manter a mais antiga aliança do mundo, com um país que nos ajudou em tempos difíceis da nossa história...que para o bem, ou para o mal...temos uma linda história de "conveniência" do passado...
Britain is forever thankful to Portugal for breaking the Spanish naval blockade while we were defending the seige of Gibraltar.🇬🇧♥️🇵🇹
I agree, that's one of the reasons that Spanish like us...
Rgds/Lisbon
🇵🇹❤️🇬🇧
and for all the gold extracted in brazil and used by portugual to pay its debts to england
Portugal should be forever regretful for having a one-sided alliance just for the sake of looking like we hang around with the "powerful".
Backstabbings and thievery during the spanish kings in Portugal, ultimatums in africa, and just a general contempt and disregard of Portugal by the british.
It's only an alliance when it serves british purposes (which is essentially, to destabilize continental europe and prevent countries from becoming more powerful than brits).
It has also technically been broken and thus legally terminated and void several times. It should formally and publicly be trashed to signify the true utility of the treaty for the majority of its existence: to have Portugal on a leash and do britain's bidding.
@@mito88we still have the 14 bigest gold reverse now days haha🇵🇹
Great content, Mike Loades really makes a good effort to have a Portuguese pronunciation on portuguese words, great work indeed.
The battle is one for the ages! Still studied till this day. Proud of this alliance, specially for us in the North of Portugal.
The UK know exactly who their friends are around the World, but the loyal friends we can count on one hand, PT🤞GB
🏴❤🇵🇹
As a young man my girlfriend and I went to Portugal... I was surprised how friendly they were to us. As an englishman it is nice to be like by foreigners. The only other friendly countries I have travelled through ... Italy and Germany:)
Thanks for your feedback. You're more than welcome in our Country! 🇵🇹❤🇬🇧
Try Crete, they love us there too.
Yes, it must be surprising to come across a country where the English are liked. A bit like the Americans, I suppose.
@@bobbyhanly3466 Jealousy mostly!
@@bobbyhanly3466 Nope we like British in Portugal. There's a huge community of British Families that chose Portugal to live. I Porto, Lisboa, Algarve (South Portugal). A lot of the Producers of Porto Wine and Douro Wine in the North of Portugal are British-Portuguese Families. And in Algarve (South Portugal), a heavily tourism focused Region, a lot of the Investments were done my British and Portuguese joint ventures. What we don't like is British hooligans that come to get drunk and generate conflicts. But those can be British or of other any Nationality.
We can't judge everyone 'cause the behaviours of some. Just like Americans. But it's different British are connected by History to Portugal. Americans are not. America is 247yo and Portugal 880yo. The connection between British Kingdom and Portuguese Kingdom goes that far. British are seen as proper Educated People in its vast majority. Americans not really. And by no means i wanna sound disrespectful. I have a lot of American and Canadian friends 'cause i have family in Toronto, Canada. But there's something Imperialist in a lot of self-absorbed Americans. That delusional sense of Greatness is stuck in a lot of Americans and some behave under that idea of superiority. But then again there's good and bad people in any Country. A lot of Americans have chosen Portugal to live in the last years and they obviously feel at home here. USA and Portugal were always allies. Azores islands are very influenced by USA 'cause of the Lajes Air Base in Ilha Terceira, Azores Archipelago. Actually the Island from where my Mom's family is originally. Where my Gfather and GGfather were born and from where his brothers migrated to Toronto, Canada.
Even in Brazil we learn about this historical alliance back in school.
I find that hard to believe
@@jasperwinehouse9456 Did you study here? I did. So I don't think what you believe is relevant.
@@R.a.f.a.e.l.
I also find it very hard to believe.
Going by the negative stuff the Brazilians say against Portuese people.If anything, the history you learned probably encouraged you people to disrespect and hate Portugal.
@@mariahinderscheid6535 What is hard to believe? I'm talking about what we learn about the relationship between England and Portugal. It doesn't have anything to do with anything else you are talking about. The Methuen Treaty is in every history textbook in brazilian schools, for instance. If you want to argue with someone, argue with the brazilian Ministry of Education guidelines, not me.
Our oldest allies. Love to Portugal 🇬🇧❤🇵🇹
Your allies not ours 🏴
@@jerrymyphone5849So you'd rather ally with the French... pathetic.
but you can be ours too!
Kind regards from Portugal!
@@jerrymyphone5849can’t wait for you to get independence enjoy the SNP! 😂😂🤣🤣🤣
@@Overkill2008well please get your politicians to stop begging, blackmailing and love bombing us to stay then... Enjoy your labour/tory pendulum of power 😂
Glad to be Portuguese English, we inspire the world in innovation and culture and have saved the world multiple times. God Bless the Anglo Portuguese Alliance 🇵🇹🇬🇧
I love Portugal, hope to visit someday.
You will be welcome to my country my English brother
More recently Portugal helped us to win the battle of the Atlantic by allowing British and American aircraft use the Azores as a base from which to launch anti u-boat operations over a part of the ocean which had been previously inaccessible to maritime air patrols.
More recently even, England called upon this treaty for logistical support in the Falklands war. And again, Portugal allowed the use of the Azores as a base for the English Army who could refuel, resupply and have logistical support from way closer then they would have if they had to send it from England. Portugal even sent a letter to Queen Elizabeth asking if "Her Majesty would request the direct intervention from the Portuguese army in the Falklands, because if so, whenever England calls for help, Portugal shall heed it's call and never refuse, for as long as Portugal stays immortal" to which the English replied "It shall not be needed for the Lusitans to trouble themselves with such a small matter that we can easily solve ourselves, the support you are giving us is enough and no more shall be requested of you."
One thing I haven't found studied anywhere, but seems logical to me, is the origin of the british fleet. You can't just build a modern navy through orders and resources thrown at it, without the complex mathematics and production engineering of such ship building, yet that's what's accredited to Henry VIII and his predecessor.
The role of Portugal, and its Lisbon arsenal engineers, is very likely under reported.
The creator of the English fleet or at least the first to say: "considering that you are an Island-country why don't you create a fleet? was the person we know as Felipe II of Spain. He was, for three years Philip I of England since he had married queen Mary I, his cousin. Until her death he had the right to enjoy all of her titles, but they didn't have children he didn't like it much in England and soon returned to Spain. For political reasons he offered marriage to her half sister Elizabeth I, but she refused and became a fanatic enemy of Spain and a strong supporter of the Protestant cause all across Europe.
And maps of navigation... before the british started their voyages, maps with sea currents and winds, instruments for navigation, etc... Most of it came from portugal.
It was Shakespeare that was sent to Venice with others to learn everything about navy, while he also learned how to write by copying into English all the stories he heard there.
Everything about navy? Oh right...
The English Galleon is a direct adaptation from the Portuguese Man-o-war. Most English ships had Portuguese navigators and most Kings of Europe had a Portuguese royal doctor, with the best one outside of the one tending to the Portuguese King, being sent to the king of England. This happened even after England became protestant, where the Portuguese doctor was the only one in the royal court allowed to stay Catholic due to the respect between both countries.
Keep the Mike Loades content coming please. I enjoy everything he ever delivers!
Portugal and England saved each other efectively. But the batle of Aljubarrota and The batle of Bussaco were 2 Key moments in portuguese history. Thanks England, we love you and your friendship. 🇵🇹🇬🇧
We love you more 😘❤
English help in Bussaco was invaluabe.
In Aljubarrota however, was simbolic at best. 200 archers have no impact on a battle where both sides has several thousand crossbowmen.
@@FaithfulOfBrigantia English numbers at Aljubarrota are unknown, it could have been as many as 600 longbowmen and men-at-arms. Plus, English tactics perfected against the French at Crecy and Poitiers.
Moreover, considering Windsor was the aftermath of Aljubarrota, clearly the Portugese crown valued the English contribution.
@@jackwhitehead5233
800 of the 1000 contingent was stationed at the Northern front.
200 is already the upper estimate.
The English don't have a monopoly on tactics or battle experience. Portugal had been waging wars against both Castilians and Moors for centuries by then, they knew how to wage a defensive battle, they knew how to counter superior armies made up of large amounts of cavalry, light and heavy alike.
Atoleiros earlier had no English contingent and was equally impressive. Valverde after also had no English contingent and was even more impressive.
Of course the friendship was desirable, both sides were natural allies in a situation where they much larger rivals had themselves forged an alliance themselves.
But even implying that Aljubarrota was to the credit of the English in any shape of form is completely self centered delusion.
@@FaithfulOfBrigantia yet the tactics used were 100% English, flanking archers, pit and stake traps, using the terrain to destroy heavy cavalry. It had been done at Crecy and Poitiers previously, exactly the same tactics and formations.
At no point have I dismissed Portugal's capability on the battlefield, nor said that the English won that battle. You are putting words in my mouth to make up for what your argument lacks.
This video's quality is amazing, from the facts to the presentation and the spot on pronunciation. Cheers from Portugal
I'm Portuguese 🇵🇹 I've been living in the UK for 14 years and I'm proud of it!! I love England 🇵🇹🇵🇹🇵🇹🇵🇹🇬🇧🇬🇧🇬🇧🇬🇧✝️✝️✝️✝️✝️✝️✝️✝️
The statue in the middle of the rotunda in Porto in tribute to England says a lot about the relationship.
Portugal and England's alliance was always something everyone acknowledged even though some not understanding why, at least that's what I've noticed here in Portugal will all my friends and even family. It is so great to really go in-depth into the why(even though I already knew some of this, I didn't know all of course) our history was always connected in some way.
We study in Portugal this part of the History, is mandatory to have History classes up to the 9th grade, so the majority of the portuguese people are aware of this alliance
The biggest battle in Portuguese territory was the Batle of Bussaco.
50 thousand anglo-portuguese (25 thousand British+ 25 thousand portuguese) against 50 thousand french!!
General Wellington was on the comand of the anglo portuguese army, wich beated napolon army in 3 invasions!!
I’m not even French but Napoleon wasn’t there, it was Junot, then Masséna who invaded Portugal in 1807, 1809, 1810
@@thomascatty379 Junot, Massena and Soult. Those were the three french generals beaten in Portugal.
@@mikatu they were sent by Napoleon
@@thomascatty379 Napolean army that's what he said. Why would you assume he meant Napolean himself was there? -_-
The Duke of Wellington was born in Dublin Ireland. He was Anglo-Irish
Possibly the best thing I’ve watched in a long time
It is good to know the history of Portugal and England, and 650 years of the oldest treaty in the world.
I enjoyed this very much. Wish Portugal and England still had a common travel area like the UK and Ireland where you can live in each other’s countries without restrictions, since the UK has left the EU. I think that would be an awesome way to honor our long standing alliance.
Could still happen
Very nice to see an english perspective on this! Just one thing about the battle of Aljubarrota. The fighting didn't last the whole day as it's said here, the castillians arrived at the grounds in the morning by the road in the north and had to go around the site because the ground was unfavorable and steep. The Portuguese Constable, Nuno Álvares Pereira knew they would do this and had the ground previously prepared on the opposite side of the ridge facing south, where the actual fighting would take place. The castillians took a long time to bring up the huge number of men into that new position and seing the sun was going down, the king (Juan I) who was sick and travelling on cart gave in to the pressure of a few hot head nobles and ordered the attack, which lasted for only about an hour before sunset in a perfect trap. It's one of Portugal's most important victories as a nation and a great example of a battle in the hundred years war.
It's always good to the soul to watch a well made foreign-made documentary on Portugal. Well done.
The old museum of the battle of Aljubarrota had excelent descriptions of the actions of the english bowmen, as well as an overal description of the battle. It also had figures & lists of the dead castilian and french noble dead, showing the carnage caused, giving the visitor an excelent idea of the efect the battle had. The _modern_ museum, otoh, is an interactive sh$t that shows a movie and some artifacts and that's it.
Thank you Portugal
The smaller countries too the win. Very few times Portugal went to battle without being outnumbered
What a fantastic high quality, highly informative vid. So good!
Now THIS is high quality history content. Most history channels post such simple information and with innacuracies. While this video doesn't have all the meaningful details, it still got most of them and the production itself was great
Muito obrigado, excelente como sempre Mike Loades. Love tuga
Much love, from the the UK🇵🇹🤝🇬🇧
Shout out to Nuno Alvares Pereira, who isnt mention i think, but is the reason why aljubarrota was won.
Man literally came to Aljubarrota imediately after beating his brother's army, which was 3 times larger, only to beat castille's main army which was also atleast 3 times larger.
Definitely a tactical genious.
The amount of information in "just" 15 minutes is actually overwhelming. Excelent content.
Absolutely love Portugal and always have. England and Portugal have a beautiful and long history of keeping their promises to each other.
The mastermind of the battle of Aljubarrota was the Constable D. Nuno Alvares Pereira, an awesome tactician who won several battles by forcing nobles to fight on foot (something unthinkable at that time) agains the spanish cavalry. I guess he studied the battles of crecy and poitier very well :)
This is not entirely true. Remember that what we know about Aljubarrota in Portugal comes from Fernão Lopes who lived about 60 years after the event itself. So its quite normal he most likely had exaggerated the part of Nuno Alvares Pereira, although to say the truth the Constable was indeed an outstanding commander, two years before (1383) he had won in Atoleiros near the Castilian border a far superior force. However, let's be reasonable here, Aljubarrota's tactics seemed like a very English typical 100 years war technique. That is because it was.
And for those who think that Aljubarrota, despite the great numerical inferiority, was luck, shortly after on Spanish soil, the battle of Valverde was fought. Again great numerical inferiority, again crushing victory for Portugal. The impact on Castilian morale was such that the next battles would be fought many years later not with Castile trying to dominate Portugal, but the unthinkable opposite given the demographic disparity.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Valverde_(1385)
Nuno Alvares Pereira was an excellent tactician all around. He was a proven general not just in the Battle of Aljubarrota with English aid but before and after that as well, for example at the Battle of Valverde where he won against vastly superior numbers.
against french cavalry....not spanish
Fascinating history of Portugal and England. I knew about the friendship but I didn’t know more about it. Cheers
Excellent presenter.
🇵🇹 ❤️ 🏴
Both have St George as a patron saint too
Portugal's first flag was the St. George's cross as well, only in blue rather than red.
The flag was rented by Genoa, for both countries to he able to trade.
@@ideiasradicaispt9772 , hello there. That idea has long been since disproven. We have no reliable information on the heraldry of Count Henrique, Afonso's father, or even Afonso's own heraldry before the adoption of the five escutcheons sown with bezants over a field of white. The idea that Henrique's flag (and, by extension, that of the County and then kingdom) was a blue cross on white comes from 16th century sources. I suggest reading a summary of the question in "Quinas e Castelos" by Miguel Metelo de Seixas.
And, of course, St. George's flag is always red on white, a blue cross would automatically make it another flag.
It’s odd, growing up having an intense passion for history, I always had an affinity for Portugal, seeing them as that friend who shows up when you need them to! 💪🏻🏴🇵🇹👍🏻
Really it was fascinating historical page of correlation between Portugal 🇵🇹 and Britain 🇬🇧 confronted French 🇫🇷 and Castilian dynasties allies...thank you for sharing
You mean England not Britain. France won the 100 years war and Scotland backed France 🇫🇷
@@forbesmeek6304Like the little rats that they are...
Two great sea faring nations that were explorers and were not too far from each other. Portugal saw a brother in us and we in them. Our alliance is the oldest and will forever stay that way
So, so interesting. The narration and visuals are well done. Thanks for this! Love history.
I'm English and my favourite country is Portugal
Cheers mate, You lot rock 🍻 🇬🇧🇵🇹
these 2 countries with their alliance marked the course of history, had immense influence on a global scale...it is indeed remarkable
I am Portuguese and i love England
❤❤❤❤❤
Thanks!
Thanks a lot Catherine!
This is really well made! Some channels like History Marche are just ever so slightly dull but this and Indy Neidel hit the spot
Magnificent video, thank you!
Fantastic work buddy. Really appreciated. Bless 👊
love Mike Loades documentaries - really great!!
Had no idea of these events. Thank you for your excellent work.
Thank You for sharing this vid! So much of Portuguese might in medieval times are not known! Always forgot but a powerful player!
Catarina de Bragança didn’t introduce just tea in England, apparently ginger biscuits were also introduced by her… her brother, the King of Portugal, used to yearly dispatch a ship from India straight to England with tea ginger and other spices for his sister
tea and ginger-nuts, a classic combination!
She didn't introduce the tea, she introduced the habit of drinking tea making it something noble to to.
The tea was already there and was coming from China.
@@mikatu Came from china to europe thanks to the portuguese ships and trading
@@mikatu and it was the portuguese who brought it from China...
E a marmelada !...
( See " Dave in Portugal " ) ...
Thank you for this video
I love it history
Best allies ever! And we're still friendly nations!
Excellent video! Loved it. ❤
Quito-Ecuador 🇪🇨
2023
Thanks. Im Portuguese but i love England
This alliance even had dramatic ramifications for Brazil, the country I live in. Faced with the ordeal of having to choose between yielding to Napoleon led France or to the pressures of England, Portuguese prince regent D.João (the reigning Queen, Maria I was mad by then) decided to transfer the entirety of the Portuguese government to Brazil, one of Portugal's colonies at the time.
It is the first instance in history of an Eurpean monarch setting foot into one of his colonies, and the sole example in history of a phenomenon called "metropolitan inversion", in which the seat of a colonial power (Lisbon) is abandoned in favour of a city within the colony itself (Rio de Janeiro).
It was the British Royal Navy that escorted the Portuguese Royal Family to the shores of Brazil with safety. The gun salute that heralded the arrival of the first European monarch ever to set foot in the Americas was fired by British ships of the line. Brazil owes it's elevation to the status of "United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and Algarves" to the ancient alliance Portugal had with England, which prince João (later King John VI of Portugal) sought to maintain.
@@AndreOliveira-lh8grOs portugueses são pardos macacos😅 concordo
Yes, this is known...no need to write a Biblical passage about it
@@tg007fulwhy are you being so negative? I love history and dint know this in slightest.
@@tg007fulknown by who?
I find it really fascinating that an alliance between 2 countries has lasted 6 and a half centuries and is still intact today.
that is really fascinating! I love stories like this.
Portugal and Britain the most old friends 🇵🇹❤️🇬🇧
Nice video. Hugs from Porto, Portugal 🇵🇹
No one expects the Portuguese alliance!
😂😂😂
Ahahaha 🤣🤣🤣
Especially in football where Portugal has beaten England consecutively over the years 🤣🤣🤣
I only expect those tarts.
@@PapriceP We are talking Pasteis de nata, or Portuguese custard tarts. Yum!😀
About Robert Devereux 1589 expedition it gave rise to an expression in Portugal, "the friends of Peniche" it is used as a reference to fake friends because they plundered some villages along the way ro Lisbon when they saw Lisbon's defenses they fled.
Portugal gave not only Mumbai to England but also Tanger in North Africa, that gave control over the Mediterranean to the Brits, that didn't had Gibraltar yet
Brothers.
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Sim. 🇬🇧❤🇵🇹
For me, the Battle of Aljubarrota was an important part of the 100 Years' War. The Portuguese army fought in the manner of the English at Crécy. In 1385 there were 1000 English archers in Portuguese territory, 800 of them on the northern border with Galicia, so perhaps 100 or 200 of them could have participated in the battle. In any case, there was knowledge of English tactics, for example, one of the 26 knights of the Order of the Garter was Portuguese and the latest investigations into Constable Nuno Álvares Pereira in the years prior to the Battle indicate that he may have fought for some time with the English.
Yes, Nuno Alvares Pereira learned these tactics directly from english experts. There was a lot of contacts and interchange of knowledge between both countries
Phillipa of Lancaster may have been born in England, but she was adopted by the portuguese! The best honorary citizen of our country. She was the woman who gave us the generation of brave rulers that began the descobrimentos
Felipa de Lancaster, fue Madre de Enrique el Navegante 🇵🇹❤🏴 !
This military alliance had even greater consequences, as the Portuguese royal family left Portugal for Brazil to escape Napoleon and did so with the help of the English fleet. Therefore, Brazil became the center of the Portuguese empire and because of this it remained united, unlike what happened to Spanish America.
Spanish America is not divided because the King of Spain went into exile there or not. But because it is a territory with many contrasts. One third is tropical forests. Another part is occupied by the Andes mountain range, from north to south, with more than 500 mountains over 5,000 metres high, and deep valleys. This clearly separates Argentina from Chile. Consider that Brazil does not have any mountains over 3,000 metres high. There are also deserts. If we were to put Spanish America, from Argentina to Mexico, on the map of Europe-Asia, the south of Argentina would be in Lisbon, and the northern border of Mexico would be in Japan. More than 11,000 km. Argentina, Uruguay and Chile have a majority of European population. Above all Argentina and Uruguay. The central zone of Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador and Paraguay have more indigenous population. Colombia has a mixture of the three races: Spanish, indigenous and black. Venezuela has more mixture of Spanish and African. Cuba and Puerto Rico are islands. The Dominican Republic is an island with a larger population of African origin, which was occupied by Haiti. Even so, it is true that they could have been 6 or 7 countries, not 19. But in Central America itself there is a lot of variety. Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras have a larger indigenous or mestizo population. Especially Guatemala. Panama is more black-indigenous. Costa Rica is whiter. The north of Mexico is whiter, the south is more indigenous. The center is mestizo. This created different groups, which in some places with strong capitals became countries. In addition, there were processes of all kinds during the revolutions of the 19th century, and the borders changed a lot. Brazil practically had its civilization on its only coast. While Hispanic America faces two oceans and a sea. Even if it had been united, it would have been impossible to send a delegate from Argentina to Mexico on horseback. Even the Aztec Indians did not know of the existence of the Inca empire, before the Spanish. And the Incas did not know of the Aztecs and the Mayans.
absolutely fascinating
Philippa of Lancaster is a very beloved queen of the Portuguese. She was the mother of the illustrious generation, the generation of kings, princes and princesses who came to elevate Europe to a global continent, which would come to lead the planet. In addition to the more than famous Henry the Navigator, we must also highlight her sister: Isabel of Portugal who married Filipe III, Duke of Burgundy. The Order of the Golden Fleece, is an order of chivalry founded in 1429 by Filipe III, Duke of Burgundy to celebrate his marriage to Infanta Isabel of Portugal, daughter of the Portuguese King D. João I and his wife, Queen Philippa of Lancaster. The Order received privileges hitherto unknown to any other order of chivalry: the sovereign should consult it before conflicts; all disputes between its knights were defined by order; knights could be tried by the order in matters of rebellion, heresy, and treason; among other peculiar characteristics. Throughout the Middle Ages, the Duchy of Burgundy became an economically powerful region. Philip III planned to convert the region into a sovereign state between France and the Holy Roman Empire, regaining the territory of Lotharingia. Eventually, Philip III inherited the counties of Flanders and Artois, the duchies of Brabant, Luxembourg and Limburg, as well as the manors of Henao, Zeeland and Holland, making him one of the most powerful feudal lords of his time.
D. Isabel Infanta of Portugal and Duchess of Burgundy
She was born in Évora in 1397 and died in 1471. She was the daughter of D. João I and his wife, Queen D. Filipa de Lencastre. She is one of the illustrious princesses, whose brothers and sisters would come to be known as: the "Illustrious Generation", who, due to their exceptional ability and extraordinary competence, would change Europe and the world, as no one had ever done before. Princes from all over Europe wanted her as a wife, and D. Isabel came to marry the Duke of Burgundy and Count of Flanders, Philip II, the Good, who had already been widowed twice, one of the most powerful sovereigns in Europe, a courageous warrior , which conquered and united Holland and Zeeland to its states.
The Infanta's dowry was 150:000cruzados (60:000:000 réis), a very important amount at that time. A squadron of thirty-nine warships came to Lisbon to fetch her, with the sires of Roubaix, Toulongen, Noyelle and other Burgundian nobles. With a happy journey she arrived at the fleet in Bruges, where the duke was waiting for her, and received her with the greatest demonstrations of love and joy. The wedding took place on January 10, 1429, according to Father Francisco de Santa Maria, in the first volume of the Historical Year, p. 70, and in January 1430; according to other writers. The parties were sumptuous, the likes of which had never been seen in that country. For greater pomp and in honor of his wife, the Duke of Burgundy instituted the most noble order of the Golden Fleece, which is only conferred on sovereigns and people of the highest nobility. In its institution, this order had thirty-nine knights, which was the number of ships that made up the squadron that had come to fetch the new duchess. The order militates under the patronage and tutelage of Our Lady and the Apostle Saint Andrew; his insignia is a golden lamb, hanging on his chest from a necklace, made up of rifles also made of gold, to which writers give various meanings. This order was professed, after the states of Philip were united with those of the house of Austria, all the emperors of Germany, and all the kings of Castile, preserving in the latter the dignity of Grand Master. Also professed in the same order, at different times, several kings of Portugal, France, England, Scotland, Hungary, Naples, Poland, Denmark, and almost all the potentates of Germany, and many other lords of Europe .
Beautiful, energetic and prudent, D. Isabel proved worthy, due to her virtues and high intelligence, to share the fate of the Duke of Burgundy, and when in 1434 the Duke went to Flanders, the Duchess was left to govern her States. She excelled in this thorny office under difficult circumstances, and has since taken a most important part in diplomatic dealings with France, England, and other powers. She attended the congress of Arras in 1486, promoted in 1439 the conclusion of a treaty of commerce between England and Burgundy. She obtained the freedom of the Duke of Orléans, who had been a prisoner of the English at the battle of Agincourt in 1415, etc. The life of the Duchess D. Isabel was a sequence of noble, virtuous and chivalrous actions. In 1453, knowing that the city of Constantinople was taken by the Turks, she wrote with her own handwriting to all the Christian princes, encouraging them to recover it, and offering herself with all her vassals to be a companion in the works and the conquest. Charles VII, of France, claimed that the States of Burgundy were his feudatories, and should pay him tribute and the Burgundian dukes should come to attend the parliaments. The duke defended his sovereignity, not wanting to recognize himself as vassal of France. To prevent a breakup that would be fatal to both States, the Duchess went to Paris, and with eloquent words persuaded King Charles VI, that the election be decided by the duel of two knights. The king accepted, naming the most skillful and hardworking French knight he had in his court, and the Duchess of Burgundy chose Álvaro Gonçalves Coutinho, the Magriço, as her defender, who was returning triumphant with his eleven knights from the famous London duels. The day of the duel arrived, which was attended by the entire court of France, the Duchess, the respective judges and many nobility and people. In the first impetus, the contenders broke the spears, and pulling out their swords, Magriço cut off his opponent's head, thus winning the dispute, of which he was a diligent champion. (V. Magriço). In 1457 he left the court, and went to live in the castle of Nieppe, at the foot of Hazebrouck.
D. Isabel was also distinguished by her charity and the care with which she treated the poor and the sick. She always retained a great affection for the States over which she was sovereign and the greatest interest in the fate of her native country. The Duchess had three children, of whom two died as boys, and the third was the celebrated Charles the Bold, who succeeded his father and was the last Duke of Burgundy. She outlived her husband by three years, and died at the age of seventy-four, being buried in the Carthusian convent of Dijon. There is an autograph letter from the Duchess D. Isabel, which was kept in the Bruges Archive, and whose translation or copy was published in the newspaper O Popular, in London, in 1825, vol. III, pg. 262.
Few know that the highest order of chivalry, the Order of the Golden Fleece, was instituted in honor of a Portuguese princess, who together with Empress Isabella of Portugal were married to the two greatest sovereigns in Europe of the 15th and 16th centuries.
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I have no idea of who you are. I am proud of what you wrote, sometimes I doubt but I am always sure. In Portugal we say "Ínclita geração" - Luís de Camões.
@@ginasilva1862 Ínclita, é daqueles adjetivos que supera tudo e de certeza que é muito superior a "Ilustre", mas acho que não há tradução fiel em inglês para tão alta palavra.
@@binalcensored2104 exatamente. Há palavras cujo significado é muito difícil traduzir. Uma delas é a palavra "saudade". Pois não é simplesmente uma palavra, mas todo um sentimento que abarca.
Actually she is my favorite Queen.
Great video, awesome edition, excelent and accurate information. Congratulations.
What I love is white Oporto. Not near as well known (unless you like syllabub) especially in North America, but it's a very refreshing flavourful wine without being quite so intense as red port.
Very good explained.
All this talk of England and Portugal makes me want to watch Shapres Rifles!
Good to know the history of Portugal, which influenced much other countries
🇬🇧♥️🇵🇹 and the Portuguese tea😊
Fantastic thanks for sharing this history with us
without the english Portugal may very well not exist and without portugal england may very well not exist either, our histories are intertwined
And God bless England. Friends forever.
Hi!
Just another video to have fun by reading the (its) comments!
To mention: the oldest alliance in the world... Still in force today. The "Anglo-Portuguuese alliance". It is all said. Obrigada. A very interesting video.
Desde pequenina que adoro e amo a Inglaterra!!! Já visitei este maravilhoso país, povo respeitador acolhedor e simpático, adorei ir lá e gostaria imenso de voltar, visitar este país irmão!!!! Que Deus vos abençoe sempre Portugal e Inglaterra 🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🤗🤗🤗🤗🤗🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤
Portugal was the first in a long line of countries to save Britain.
Extremely interesting!