OpenTorque Actuator (developed by Gabrael Levine)

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 20 เม.ย. 2019
  • I have decided to build the OpenTorque actuator, developed by Gabrael Levine (hackaday.io/project/159404-op.... I changed the design slightly to adapt for my hardware (bearings and 3D printer). The idea is to test Quasi Direct Drive reducer (reducer with the large air gap and low reduction ratio below 10). In this video I have build this reducer and tested that it works. In the next video I will test it and check how applicable it is for the robot arm.
    Special thank you to my special Patron: Wesley Corp!
    Please subscribe. This will help me to develop other projects like this, to bring the bright future closer!
    One time donation:
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    #Robotics #ODrive #OpenTorque
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ความคิดเห็น • 194

  • @briangroene7756
    @briangroene7756 5 ปีที่แล้ว +28

    Incredible. Awesome actuator. Can't wait to see it on the robotic arm

  • @Skyentific
    @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    Please do not hesitate to leave the comment. Any comment will help to promote this video. Thank you!
    And sorry for the bad audio...

    • @TheTheASHER
      @TheTheASHER 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      я так понял вы по русски говорите? сделайте субтитры на русском, видео интересные

    • @cedricpod
      @cedricpod 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Skyentific i found the audio adequate

    • @takismail
      @takismail 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      have a an idea that might be good for you, how to contact you?

  • @ivan2vp61
    @ivan2vp61 5 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    Sr. My respect for you, your designs are amazing

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Ivan 2VP , thank you!

  • @krishnapraveen6862
    @krishnapraveen6862 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    I cant able to skip your videos and leaving the comments like.... Love ur videos. So explanatory. Thanks for entering into TH-cam world 😛😛. Since no one is there to explain these things freely in youtube. 😅😆

  • @D4rkCybr4n
    @D4rkCybr4n 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Thx for saying "Hey Google" so much. Now i have to reset all my smarthome devices.

  • @JulianMakes
    @JulianMakes 5 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    This is just brilliant! It’s got me so excited to try some of these things. Brilliant prints too (I love my mk3 too!). I’ve only ever done things with steppers so am keen to try some brushless motors. Thank you so much.

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thank you for your kind comment!

  • @pappaflammyboi5799
    @pappaflammyboi5799 5 ปีที่แล้ว +54

    Hey Google... make me an electric motor with high torque, low backlash, 10 W/cm³, low noise, 95% efficiency, quadrature sensor w/1 arcsecond accuracy and shaft speed of 1 rev/s.

    • @ejrupp9555
      @ejrupp9555 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      I laughed as much as you went overboard with this joke ... then laughed again.

  • @mberoakoko24
    @mberoakoko24 5 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    This is wonderful. I want to pursue Mechatronic engineering and this is really inspiring .

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Very nice! Glad to hear this! This is very interesting field!

  • @brendonmatheson7286
    @brendonmatheson7286 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very cool! Looking forward to seeing the performance of this component!

  • @ConstantijnC
    @ConstantijnC 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you so much for your videos! They are so informative and you seem very sympathetic as well ;)

  • @glennextra
    @glennextra 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    This is a piece of Art! Greetings from Vancouver, BC

  • @__--JY-Moe--__
    @__--JY-Moe--__ 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    very helpful ! congratulations with this demo!

  • @LukeMcloud
    @LukeMcloud 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    I like your awesome actuator.
    I am seated in your channel, wow! excellent !

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thank you for your kind comment!

  • @fathallijalel8400
    @fathallijalel8400 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    very good job Can't wait to see it on the robotic arm

  • @dmawzx
    @dmawzx 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Такого управления я ещё не встречал! Это круто!

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Спасибо, за комментарий!

  • @myetis1990
    @myetis1990 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    excellent work!
    to tell the truth, it was my main goal to construct an actuator, thanks.

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      You are welcome! Thank you for your comment!

  • @TheNeocivic
    @TheNeocivic 5 ปีที่แล้ว +10

    Понимаю, что Ваша аудитория в основном англоязычная, и вместе с тем многие русские молодые "инженеры" (дети) были бы Вам очень благодарны за русскоязычные версии роликов, хоть наложением голоса. У Вас очень годный контент, в России такого не хватает! Спасибо! Да и не дети тоже:)

    • @dmawzx
      @dmawzx 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Вот я поддерживаю!

    • @fly-high-me
      @fly-high-me 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Есть смысл подучить английский вместе с детьми, не?

    • @TheNeocivic
      @TheNeocivic 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      ​@@fly-high-me Учим :)

  • @chiavenato1
    @chiavenato1 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Fantastic design!

  • @basementadmin
    @basementadmin 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Very exciting stuff. You are finding the way senpai.

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thank you for your kind comment as usual!

  • @user-mu8ni4rl3d
    @user-mu8ni4rl3d 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Однозначно подписка и колокольчик. Это просто топ контент. Чётко, ясно, без воды, огонь 🔥🔥🔥

  • @drivevolt1464
    @drivevolt1464 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    you speak English very clearly, I do not know English well, but I understand you well

  • @quinnfoster4671
    @quinnfoster4671 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Haha I love the voice commands! It's just like before but you don't have to type!

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Exactly. It is very convenient, and hands-free. :)

  • @dmitrytyugin6261
    @dmitrytyugin6261 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very cool! It will be very interesting.

  • @willsanburg1003
    @willsanburg1003 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Have you ever considered doing an AMA (Ask Me Anything) on Reddit? I’d love to read about your background, your education, previous work experience and how you got started doing what you’re doing. Fascinating stuff. Keep up the good work. If you’ve already done an AMA, could someone link it so we could all enjoy it?

  • @muggletierchen1103
    @muggletierchen1103 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I love your Videos! :)

  • @morkovija
    @morkovija 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Judging by the intro clapping frequency i thought this was going to be a meme review!=)

  • @forerunnert
    @forerunnert 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Nice! Is the encoder position absolute or is homing required?

  • @rs4race
    @rs4race 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Subbed! Awesome videos!

  • @alessandr2012
    @alessandr2012 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    good work man

  • @adisharr
    @adisharr 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Very nice motor package! It's really tough to make a low cost zero backlash gearhead. That's always the limitation of a hobby class robot.

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thank you. Absolutely agree! This is my goal to make zero backlash actuator, and make robotic arm with it. I think it is possible.

  • @tracy449
    @tracy449 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks for the videos. Very interesting. I am interested in building a robot of my own, but I would like to try force-driven actuation. As I understand it, all of the motors you are using use their full force until they arrive at the pre-programmed position and then stop. Are you aware of any variable-force motors, I mean motors that apply a given force, regardless of the position of the rotor? I am having a hard time finding one. Thanks!

  • @YuriyAlexandrovich
    @YuriyAlexandrovich 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Cool Job ! What a power supply you use ?

  • @alexandrpetrov1110
    @alexandrpetrov1110 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very nice!

  • @rubanika
    @rubanika 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Интересно смотреть и слушать) лайк)

  • @user-qo4sx5xz3f
    @user-qo4sx5xz3f 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Awesome work !!!!
    I really like your video.
    I am creating the same actuator (open-torque) !
    And the information about radius and so on are really useful for me.
    But I have a question.
    What materials do you use for 3D printing ?
    Thank you !

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thank you! I used PETG filament from Prusament. And Prusa i3 MK3 printer.

  • @JimmeeAnimAll
    @JimmeeAnimAll 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I dint finish the video, but let me ask You this: do You have some table for shrink measurements for printing dimmensions ? If You do, are the values are the same for small parts as for big ones ? Could You please expand the subject of correct values so printed parts (FMD(regular pinter) I suppose) have tight fit ? Best regards

  • @MrEngineer_
    @MrEngineer_ 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    It looks great!! Is it useful to use such gear assembly with stepper motors like Nema 23 etc. ?? Please reply.

  • @dkryptonut
    @dkryptonut 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    I wonder if you could use something like one of those scooter / skateboard hub motors to build something similar.

  • @krishnav5567
    @krishnav5567 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Good video

  • @harryman01
    @harryman01 5 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    A way to better reduce the backslash is by using helicoidal gears
    You might be able to use them

  • @dekutree64
    @dekutree64 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Very cool! Actuator videos are the best. Did you ever figure out what was causing the loss of torque on the one you were testing last month with the belts and big cross roller bearing?
    For this one, I suspect the first limiting factor will be tooth jumping due to the case deforming toward a triangular shape from the outward pressure of the 3 planet gears. Wrapping it in carbon fiber should get closer to the 80Nm theoretical limit listed on the Hackaday page, but probably something else will break before that.

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thank you! Good point for the tooth jumping. I hoping to have at least 15Nm from this actuator. With the last month reducer, I don't have the answer yet. But I suspect that I loose a lot of power in the belt transmission (maybe the tension of the belts is too high). I am still working on it.

  • @stewieyan
    @stewieyan 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you. I have a question: is the motor used here a dc motor or an ac motor? It seems that ac motor is a better choice for actuator due to less jittered torque output. but it seems that all hobby actuator builds are using "brushless" motors, I'm wondering if they are brushless dc motors?

  • @user-iw6tf9gb3j
    @user-iw6tf9gb3j 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Отличная реализация. А каким образом реализовано управление голосом?

  • @BR.
    @BR. 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Awesome!
    What was the cost of doing this in parts?

  • @zsoltpasztori8770
    @zsoltpasztori8770 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Amazing project. My question is what should be the ideal voltage for driving the motor, also what kind of DC power supply can feed it with the required power? Unfortunately, the laboratory power supplies I am familiar with, are rated for around 150 W, which is not even close to what this motor needs.

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      The easiest way is to use the LiPo batteries, they can provide very high current. For this project I used 400W 24Volts power supply from stepperonline website.

  • @tculig
    @tculig 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Love those birings.

  • @saadhssaini4205
    @saadhssaini4205 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hello, what power supply do you use ? Did you use different amperage (A)? It recommended 48V ?
    Thanks you

  • @eddyv524
    @eddyv524 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Hey. Good work. I am building the same actuator. I have a hard time getting the odrive to make the motor spin. Which settings did you use for the number of pole pairs and the cpr of the encoder. Did you make other chnages to the odrive settings?

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      I changed only number of pole pairs (20) and the CPR (4000). It is on time 10:30 of this video. This is enough. I've heard that some magnetic encoders have different CPR...

  • @sciencefpv7330
    @sciencefpv7330 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    First of all, this is an awesome application of the Odrive! Great Job...
    Q1. With your encoder, are you running it in SPI or PWM with your Odrive?
    Q2. When you up-scaled your prints to make decrease the slop, did you scale up your 3 planetary gears in X and Y dimensions? 1 sun gear in X and Y?

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Thank you for your kind comment!
      For the Q1: I used this encoder in ABI mode (just pulses). Because this mode is easiest to use with the standard ODrive firmware.
      For the Q2: I scaled up the all three gears in the both X and Y dimensions. (I made this in the Fusion360).
      Thank you for the great questions!

    • @krishnapraveen6862
      @krishnapraveen6862 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@Skyentific what is scaling up gears?

  • @mvognev
    @mvognev 5 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    Вентилэйтор уже можно сменить на fan))

  • @cedricpod
    @cedricpod 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    can you 3D print a ring to make bearing fit properly ? do you recycle your plastic as filament ?

  • @Propeler3D
    @Propeler3D 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    What do you think about integrating cycloidal gear for actuator?

  • @hlavaatch
    @hlavaatch 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    For some reason ODrive takes almost two seconds to settle on correct position - is the I PID constant too low by default?

  • @gabraellevine
    @gabraellevine 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Hi, I've updated the design here to reduce the gear backlash:
    github.com/G-Levine/OpenTorque-Actuator
    Let me know if you find any other issues. Thanks!

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Great! Thank you very much!

  • @Richard-vj3vs
    @Richard-vj3vs 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Awsome video!! How did you set up google assistant on rasoberry pi?

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thank you! Great question. Check the last week video from my channel. I explain how to do this.

  • @skmetal7
    @skmetal7 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Why does the motor hunt for its final position when it stops? Is there any way for it to be an exact stop like a stepper motor does?

  • @alfiolocatelli5093
    @alfiolocatelli5093 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Very nice video, you have a new follower👍.
    What about PID regolation with Odrive? Is It possibile?

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thank you! Yes. It is possible to adjust PID values.

  • @ejrupp9555
    @ejrupp9555 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Wonder if i can use it to set a stop block on my miter saw table ... that would be wicked. Worm gear maybe?

  • @chrisdepalma6844
    @chrisdepalma6844 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    How did those planetary PETG gears hold up? How much torque did they handle?

  • @bouhamzaabdelkader8112
    @bouhamzaabdelkader8112 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Do you have an idea about the amount of play in a joint of the measuring arm used in metrology?
    thank you

  • @divgill6062
    @divgill6062 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    are the 3D print files available ? Would love to make one of these.

  • @VideoStefan17
    @VideoStefan17 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    awesome!

  • @user-my5xk7df2h
    @user-my5xk7df2h 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    good time of day. please tell me what program do you use on the Raspberry Pi

  • @YamShargil
    @YamShargil 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    So awesome! What power supply do you use (you have the link?)? Does it support enough amps to check the limit of the system?

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Great question! I used here 24V 400W (from stepper online). It has enough current, but not enough voltage as I found out recently.

    • @YamShargil
      @YamShargil 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Skyentific Yaa I saw your new video with the 48V Odrive. What power supply did you use for that one?

  • @jhijhi85
    @jhijhi85 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    awesome awesome awesome :)

  • @BrianKCatlin
    @BrianKCatlin 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Are the design files with your changes available?

  • @stepanstepanov8106
    @stepanstepanov8106 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Спасибо.

  • @26mridul
    @26mridul 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Can you comment on holding torque and stalling?

  • @VideoStefan17
    @VideoStefan17 5 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    the tone of your wireless kit.
    check if the transiver offers you -dB (6 or 9 oder something).
    try it, that should sound more plesant.
    greetings

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      I will check this. Thank you for advice!

  • @giovanimilanezi
    @giovanimilanezi 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Great job!! What´s the bearing code?

  • @sahilyadav998
    @sahilyadav998 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    love your video. You might want to mute the audio when you say hey google though :P. You triggered my google home devices almost every time. I had to turn them on in order to watch your video hahaha. Subscribed btw.

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Sorry for this :))

  • @user-pn6lb1xu3g
    @user-pn6lb1xu3g 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Очень круто!

  • @maniradhakrishnan7526
    @maniradhakrishnan7526 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Sir,
    I'm having problem with installing odrivetool in rasberripi..
    How should I solve it???
    I installed it but my odrive is not showing up in the odrivetool?

  • @PicoGirl
    @PicoGirl 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hi Skyentific, maybe you should make a harmonic drive for it.

  • @Shiva4D
    @Shiva4D 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    А вы пробовали сделать актуатор на основе Harmonic Drive? Мне кажется это интересная идея.

  • @cedricpod
    @cedricpod 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    do you specifically discuss encoders in any of your videos ?

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Not yet. But may be I will do this in the future. I think this is very interesting topic, and there are many different inexpensive encoders now.

  • @Ceobjorn007
    @Ceobjorn007 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    What's the reduction ration of the gearbox?

  • @ceironbio
    @ceironbio 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Which bearings do you use?

  • @ianchan2624
    @ianchan2624 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    cool!!!!

  • @AkashSingh-mc1wv
    @AkashSingh-mc1wv 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    which 3D printer do you use?

  • @Ahmed-ic9ft
    @Ahmed-ic9ft 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    could this handle something more than a robot arm like a legged robot?

  • @Anoyzify
    @Anoyzify 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Sorry the ignorance, but if you can set the position of the motor, isn’t it called a Servo instead of Actuator?

  • @muggzzzzz
    @muggzzzzz 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Imagine the cnc machine with voice control :) "hey, google, set the position to x 100, y 100"

  • @rushdHBTS
    @rushdHBTS 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    How long these Plastic made Gears will last?

  • @joshyoung9375
    @joshyoung9375 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    What print resolution and nozzle size did you use? Default speed?

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Yes default speeds, standard nozzle (0.4mm) and resolution of 0.15mm.

    • @joshyoung9375
      @joshyoung9375 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@Skyentific Thank you, this is really great work! I am thinking of integrating of integrating the shoulder into the shoulder of our humanoid robot.

  • @h2o11h2o
    @h2o11h2o 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Excuse me, which 3D printer are you using?

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      The name is: Prusa i3 MK3, very good 3D printer, but not the cheapest one. For the filament I mostly use PETG from the Prusament.

  • @gadgetmaamaa2564
    @gadgetmaamaa2564 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Can we use it to robot arm

  • @tanhoyzer
    @tanhoyzer 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Can you give us information about your 3D printer?

  • @cgrigg1
    @cgrigg1 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    What printer do you use?

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      In this video, everything is printed on Prusa i3 MK3. But I also have a Tevo Little Monster with 0.8mm nozzle for the fast printing.

  • @candygirl333
    @candygirl333 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    where do you get that bearing?

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      AliExpress or Alibaba. If I am not mistaken, this is RA8008 bearing.

    • @candygirl333
      @candygirl333 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@Skyentific thank you! Love the vids!

  • @3str4ng3d
    @3str4ng3d 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    that's a monster motor

  • @trapper1211
    @trapper1211 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    de paziszyn 👍

  • @TheRainHarvester
    @TheRainHarvester 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    5:44 maybe just put tape around to increase diameter. Or some wrap of thread.

  • @Via.Dolorosa
    @Via.Dolorosa 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    could you tell us the name of your 3D printer, !

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      The name is: Prusa i3 MK3, very good 3D printer, but not the cheapest one. For the filament I mostly use PETG from the Prusament.

  • @AltMarc
    @AltMarc 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Bigger air gap ???, did you mean a bigger diameter for bigger torque, or is there any thought about the "clogging" with low air gap and strong magnetisation? Having almost no air gap is more efficient...

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Air gap is the gap between rotor and stator. I talk about it in my video "Theory of affordable robot arm". But basically you are right: a bigger diameter for higher torque.

    • @AltMarc
      @AltMarc 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@Skyentific Building a motor with no air gap: crossbreed a (radial) solenoid motor with a cycloidal gear... (would be a massive multi-pole motor, where each coil would pull the centre gear in the outer "gear", no excenter needed, low inertial mass...)

  • @Norcomos
    @Norcomos 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Hey, i like your Videos very much. You have good explanations and inspiring projects. Would be nice if you have a little better Lighting and a better Microphone for your Videos. That will help make your Videos more interesting for more viewers ;)

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thank you!
      Yes, I totally agree. I don't want to spend much money for the filming equipment, I prefer to spend for motors and drivers. But I think, I have to improve at least the audio. Thank you for feedback.

  • @muchamadshofiudin9393
    @muchamadshofiudin9393 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    what is the bearing name?

  • @DigitalWorldBG
    @DigitalWorldBG 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Чакаме следващото видео!

  • @andronmeda
    @andronmeda 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    А вы заметили склейку кадров после голосовой команды и перед началом работы мотора?

    • @Skyentific
      @Skyentific  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Andromeda, из-за моего медленного интернета там есть две секунды на между командой и началом выполнения команды. Эти две секунды и вырезаны, что бы не мучить зрителей. В моем прошлом видео, я во многих местах не вырезал эти две секунды ожидания.

    • @andronmeda
      @andronmeda 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@Skyentific Я примерно так и думал, просто забавно выглядит)

  • @ANTONIOSTAR
    @ANTONIOSTAR 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Show show.