What is Ethernet?
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 1 พ.ค. 2024
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Have you heard of IEEE 802.3? It has a long history and has to do with our topic today, Ethernet.
Ethernet is a communication standard that was developed in the early ’80s to network computers and other devices in a local environment such as a home or a building.
This local environment is defined as a LAN (Local Area Network) and it connects multiple devices so that they can create, store and share information with others in the location.
Ethernet is a wired system that started with using coaxial cable and has successfully progressed to now using twisted pair copper wiring and fiber optic wiring.
Let’s break for a trivia question. Who invented twisted pair wiring?
Alexander Graham Bell invented twisted pair wiring in 1881.
In 1983, Ethernet was standardized into the standard IEEE 802.3 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE).
This standard defined the physical layer and the MAC (media access control) portion of the data link layer of wired Ethernet.
These two layers are defined as the first two layers in the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model
The “physical” layer consists of the following components: Cabling and Devices.
First, let’s take a look at Ethernet Cabling;
As stated previously, Ethernet cables come as coaxial cable, which is not very common except in older installations, twisted pair, and fiber optic.
The most common cable is twisted pair cables, with the latest being Category 6 with speeds up to 1 Gbps and Cat6a and Cat 7 with speeds up to 10 Gbps.
Category 5 and 5e cables are both still used in many existing applications but handle the lower speeds between 10 Mbps to 100 Mbps but are more susceptible to noise.
The Ethernet twisted pair utilizes RJ-45 eight-pin connectors at either end of the cable that is pinned for transmitting and receiving data in either half or full-duplex mode.
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Wow you liked all the comments even after 1 year
ikr this is crazy
It's a sign of a genuinely caring and supportive teacher
😀
Nope probably just a bot
That’s dedication
Me watching this video after 4 years of communication engineering.
I regret my choices in college.
Me too😂
the way they teach in colleges is lack of visualization
A couple things:
1. As others have said, cat 5e can be used for 1 Gbps speeds.
2. CSMA/CD is no longer needed for full-duplex switched networks, each link is isolated and collisions are eliminated. Indeed, half-duplex links are no longer specified in 1 Gbps Ethernet, and aren't allowed at all in 10 Gbps. 802.11 Wifi does have collision issues due to its half-duplex nature, but it uses a related CSMA/Collision Avoidance method instead.
Could you explain in brief which 802.11 wifi, wifi 1 or 2or 3 has collisions due to half duplex property & which haven't???
nerd
@@seanbaxter44 he may not be a nerd at all, some people actually learn this at school
Wth
Thank you. I'm trying to get certified to work in networking and using a textbook alone has been rough, but with your videos and visuals everything comes together and makes way more sense.
Thanks a lot for your kind compliment! We are always extremely happy to hear such positive feedback!
In that case, you might be interested in our free course on PLC Hardware as well bit.ly/2XnnUrF
If you ever have any questions, feel free to reach out to us.
Happy learning!
Lmao is it the Mike Meyers book?
Great video, Free CCNA and CCNP Courses that will boost your networking knowledges th-cam.com/video/AVdtxa9ovyM/w-d-xo.html
@@bertmacklin467 Thats what I'm using at the moment and his video series. Pretty good tbh but just some terms like Ethernet are so vague lol so thats why im here
this is one of the best videos I have ever seen on youtube thanks for that!!!! Way to good!!!!
Thanks for your support!
RealPars thank YOU for the great explanations !
ur joking. ik it has loads of info but thare is WAY better stuff than this
@@seanbaxter44 true
@@tokughachisho5814 so true
Bell invented twisted-pair wiring to counteract capacitance found in non-twisted pairs. "Loading" coils were also added at pre-determined distances. XL and XC cancel themselves out in tuned (resonant) circuits, making the "load" purely resistive. Telephone lines weren't "resonant", but every little bit helped....oops.....XL and XC are inductive and capacitive reactance, respectively. If I've made any errors, please advise.......I retired almost 9-years ago, and my memory of such things is flagging.
I wish I had seen this video ages ago before tearing my hair out for days while setting up my asus router- not many home consumers have had the benefit of any technical training, while many troubleshooting links proved to be information-runarounds.
good job on clarity
Luckily you have come across it now. Thanks for your comment! Happy learning.
@@realpars yessir
Loving the Diversified approach to industrial automation technology !
I don't skip adds in these videos just to help this guy
Thats really kind of you! Thank you!
does skipping adds cuts down on their income ??? seriously asking
This is very useful for my polytechnic engineering research work. Thanks alot guys!
Great to hear, Abu! Good luck with your research. You are very welcome.
These great videos are so clearly explained. Clear speech, no distracting background music & excellent graphics.
Glad you like them! Thanks for your kind support
wtf is sheffield united fan doin here?
I have a couple of comments to make about this video, however a bit about myself first. My first experience with a LAN was in early 1978 on the Air Canada reservation system. This LAN used Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), not packets, over coaxial (@2 Mb) or triaxial (@8 Mb) cable and was part of a computer system made by (Rockwell) Collins. My first Ethernet experience was with DECNet connecting VAX 11/780 computers, over 10base5 "Thicknet" cables. My next experience was hand wiring Ethernet controllers, on prototyping boards, for Data General Eclipse computers. I got my Novell Netware CNA about 25 years ago and Cisco CCNA more recently. I have also worked with Token Ring. So, I know a thing or two about networks.
As for the points about this presentation, Gigabit Ethernet was designed for use on plain CAT 5 cable and predates 5e, which is just CAT 5 with tighter specs. So, CAT 5 will work fine at 1 Gb, for up to 100M (330"). Also, CSMA/CD is used only for half duplex, as you'd find with coax or hubs. It is not used with full duplex, where collisions are not possible. With CSMA/CD, collisions are normal within the first 512 bits and will trigger re-transmission, with random back off, to avoid additional collisions.
There are 3 "official" versions of Ethernet, which followed the original experimental version which ran at 2.91 Mb and had an 8 bit MAC address. The 3 versions are the original DIX 1.0, DIX 2.0 and 802.3. The main difference between 1.0 and 2.0 is the first field was changed from "Type" to "Ethertype/Length" to accommodate 802.3. If the contents of this field is 1500 or less, it's 802.3 or DIX 2, if above 1536. IP normally uses DIX 2. The old Netware IPX used 802.3.
There is some more info on Wikipedia:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.3
And here's a link to the original DIX 1.0 "Blue Book" spec:
gordonbell.azurewebsites.net/Ethernet_Blue_Book_1980.pdf
Here's an excellent reference:
www.oreilly.com/library/view/ethernet-the-definitive/9781449362980/
Hi James,
Thanks for sharing your knowledge with us! We always appreciate such input, many thanks!
Hey Mr, Im learning about networking. Even though I understood what I was reading, you’ve made of far easier for me to have a mental image in my mind and also to give a clear understanding how Ethernet works. Thank you kindly. Now I must watch your other videos on networking. Wishing you a great day 🙏🏻
Thanks amazing, Wayne! Keep up the learning curve!
thank you very much
ccna i have learned and you learned me so much
from EGYPT
You are very welcome! Happy learning.
ooo from Egypt nice
As an electrical engineer trying to learn networking for my job, this is fantastic. Thanks
Thank you very much!
winderful as usual, very informative and deeply explained, thank you
I love when channels read, Like, and even Answer comments! You are awesome!
We certainly do! :) Thanks for your support, Malec
@@realpars u got my sub! And thank you!
Thank you Realpar team. You're really making impact !!!!! More strength !!!!
Great to hear! Thanks for the support :) Happy learning.
I had zero knowledge on networking. That story today is different. Thanks for your videos
Thank You. Wish such visual based learning was available during my Engineering College Times !!! That’s all !!!
That's an amazing compliment! Thanks for sharing and happy learning.
Basically Cat5e is 4 pair (8 copper wires) White, White Blue, White, White Orange, White, White Green, White White Brown. This is your standard Cat 5e layout for DVO jacks and how they would be made on ends. Sometimes in the world too you could see the White, White Green and White, White Orange swapped around. That is to give Power Over Ethernet for devices that are using a PoE injector to get power like an outdoor satellite in some instances
wow I learnt more from this video than half a year of school, thanks man
Great compliment! Thanks a lot!
Yes
I also
Me too haha
This video is so great! Very informative and the diagrams help in visualizing the things in our minds.
Great to hear that, Ankita! Thanks for sharing.
hi.. ANKITA
That´s why I recommend your videos, they really leave upstanding information on us. Keep doing your great job!!!
Thanks a lot! We are very happy to hear that. Happy learning!
Very well explained, thank you for all the work you put into this video. 👍
I guess he miss this comment
wow he missed this
Missed by mistake! Our apologies :)! Thank you very much for the support.
good images, good animations, clear voice, informative explanation. I honestly do not know what else you can do to make this video better
Thanks a lot for your compliment, Tianhao! We are happy to hear that. Happy learning!
A less painfully boring voice
I learned both Network and English
Your talking pace and pronunciation are perfect for me(japanese)
Great to hear! Keep up the learning curve! :)
Excuse me realpars. You are right cat5 cables are rated for 10 to 100 Mbps BUT cat5e can handle 1gigabit. But you are right about cat5/5e being susceptible to interference.
ScottTheScout Also called collisions on any multiplexed cable...
Called error checking and correcting.
Nerd.
This is an amazing channel I am so glad I found this, thank you
Amazing! Thanks for your kind comment, Justin.
Remarkable and beautifully aligned! Thanks RealPars!
Thanks for your support!
I knew most of this but didn’t know how it’s connected. Great video
Thank you!
Always a great video's from RealPars...
Visualisations are awesome..
Cleared all queries about topics..
Thank you so much..
Thanks for your support, Sushil!
35+ years ago, "Ethernet" ran over a thick coaxial cable that many devices could daisy-chain over. Not an 8-wire twisted pair. No longer.
Nerd
@@seanbaxter44 And proud of it !!!
I first came across that at work, where we had several DEC VAX 11/780 computers connected with DECNet over "Thicknet" cables. Later came 10base2, which used T connectors to add devices to the LAN. Thicknet used "vampire" taps, which actually pierced the cable. Also, the cable was usually yellow and called "yellow garden hose". ;-)
Dang respect for him keeping his word 😮
You explained it quite thoroughly and simply.
Even though this is all going to take a while to sink in it's very fascinating stuff.
Thank you, Keith!
I always had difficulty understanding what ethernet is. You have done a fabulous job at solving my difficultly. Job well done.
We're very happy to hear that, Arec! Thank you for sharing
Absolutely amazing video!
Hi, Thank you for your information. I have confusion about Profinet, EtherCAT, Sercos...Do they use Ethernet as physical layer? And only change the protocol?
Hi there, thank you for your comment.
EtherCAT and Profinet are both an "Ethernet Protocol" with some differences.
For instance, EtherCAT uses the same "physical" and "data link" layers as Ethernet but the protocols deviate from there. The purpose of developing such protocols is the particular advantages of them in different applications. Actually, Ethernet is not a practical solution for many industrial applications as it routes frames of data to and from a "vast" number of separate addresses, individually.
So in cases, where the data may be something as simple as a single register to obtain a real-time analog reading, it seems more reasonable to take advantage of other types of Ethernet protocols such as EtherCAT to reduce the data traffic, increase the speed and so on.
By the way, we are going to make a video regarding "EtherCAT" in the near future. It could be a good reference for you to grasp more vivid data regarding EtherCAT and its differences from Ethernet.
Thanks
@@realpars wow, thank you very much, hope to see Ethercat video soon
Hello Real Pars!!..
I am very much thankful for all your videos.
Kindly upload some more Industrial Communication Systems. Also PL make some videos on OPC AE and OPC DA System in details with example.
Also how we can communicate external world with DCS/SCADA System.
once again thanks...!!
You are very welcome! Thanks a lot for the topic suggestion, I will pass this on to our creator team. Happy learning!
thanks for acknowledging...
PL make videos on these topics at earliest.
Best tutorial by far!
I love your videos and your topics. Thank you a lot for helping us. You don’t know how much help you are providing. I wish you a happy life 🌷.
You are so welcome! Many thanks for your kind support. Truly appreciated!
Ethernet well explained, with simple words and diagrams. Thank you !
Glad it was helpful!
Thx for the videos. Well done. Very useful. Keep going👍✔
Great to hear! You are welcome :)
Thanks to this video, I could easily understand this topic
Great to hear that. Happy learning!
Ty so much for the help :D
I just came across your channel! After I made sure this channel was still posting I immediately subscribed!
Glad to hear that! Thank you!
the most clarified video i have ever come across on ethernet. Thankyou.
Thanks a lot, Kunal!
You know, computer scientists are used to handle the magical "Ether", the 5th element, as a physical substance through which electromagnetic energy must travel. The Ethernet, Ethereum, etc. It allows us to connect to a network.
Is you a Chinese or Japanese ?
He is a Korean,
@@bhatusonawane7054 he korean
Thank you very much sir ,
This video contains actually what i need🙏
You're very welcome, Shivam! Great to hear that.
Simple and great depictions. Loved it
Thank you!
Its crisp and clear, thank you
Great to hear that! Thanks for sharing that with us.
thank you for the explanations its making my work easier
Happy to hear that, Charmaine! Thanks for sharing.
This was amazing you made it so easy to understand for my intro to networking course!
Glad you enjoyed it! Thank you for sharing and happy learning
Thank you very much! It was really easier to understand!
Great to hear that!
Best explanation to reach who watched this video..i ever see before, also video logically appears to understand easily. Thank you for sharing this video.
You are most welcome!
thanks for your videos, those are very useful to learn about automation
You are very welcome!
Ethernet in a nutshell and explained perfectly.I will surely recommend my college professors to watch your videos.
Great to hear that, Shashank! Thanks for sharing!
Crystal clear. Thank you
Great to hear that, Richard!
EPIC !!! simple condensed and covered every aspect of Ethernet
Great to hear! Thanks for sharing your positive feedback with us :).
Excellent explanations
All information in a nutshell.Very clear video summary.Thank you
You are very welcome, Kavin!
Thank you sir 🙏
You are very welcome!
Thank you for Sharing!
Finally I can explain what the ethernet is.
👍THUMBS UP👍
Happy learning!
Very interesting to have seen this video. It has stopped me from making connection mistakes. Thanks.
Glad it was helpful, Mick! Happy learning
Make videos on testing fibre optic cable such as OM3 or OS2 and how to calculate Power loss budgets , insertion loss and return loss etc
Hey there! Thanks for your topic suggestion, I will pass your request on to our creator team. Happy learning!
Thx for explaining! Love the video!
You're very welcome!
really great video! so much easier to understand than the course im doing
Glad it was helpful! Always feel free to leave us any questions - we're more than happy to help.
I'm from Brazil very incredible explanation, thank you so much, more one inscribe
Happy to hear that, Alexsandro. Thanks for sharing!
i am from bangladesh,
Sharing information be like ethernet without collision 👌👌😍
Easy and precise information thank a lot
Great to hear your positive feedback! Thanks a lot for sharing!
Outstanding quality. Thank you for sharing this amazing video.
Glad you enjoyed it, Piotr! Thanks for sharing.
I know this protocol. It was a so much didactic explanation with a great animation. 🇧🇷
Thank you!
very helpful when studying in university. Huge thank you, sir
Glad it was helpful! Happy learning
Thank you soooo much
I've just been thinking about how the Ethernet connector resembles a phone jack. Love the video btw
Thank you so much sir
Most welcome!
Thx I needed to understand
This was very helpful, thank you so much
Glad to hear that, Adit!
Great video, however I have question regarding the wire sizes in an ethernet cable. I was wondering why ethernet cables use 24 awg or smaller instead of a 18 or 16 awg. A larger wire would provide less resistance. I hope you have a good day.
True, a larger (thicker) wire will have less resistance per foot, but 18AWG wire will not fit into an RJ45 connector. That is the real reason you see 24AWG wires in Ethernet cables.
@@realpars I guess you mean RS485, that seems to be standard with BACnet devices
Simple and best way to explain everything
Thank you - Bilal!
Thank you very much
realpars really useful keep it we waiting for lot learning from your chsnnel👏
Great!
Thanks for the video, sir🙏 exactly what I need.
You are most welcome!
Could you add a video about ups (uninterruptible power supply)?
Hi there! Thanks for the topic suggestion. I will pass this on to our creator team. Happy learning!
Hey I know I’m a little late to this video and I might have missed it in the video but can is there a specific Ethernet cord I need depending on something in my pc or router or can I just get the fastest one?
Any CAT5, CAT5E, or CAT6 cable will work. The connectors in each type are all RJ45, and the difference is simply in the specifications of the cable.
RealPars ok thanks so much I really appreciate it
RealPars also I love the video. It’s very well done
This has been the best explanation ever!!
Thank you, Keith!
This vid helped me learn! Love learning new things
Glad it was helpful!
This helped so much! Thanks!
You're welcome!
Ty for this video I needed this 😂!
You're very welcome! Happy learning
Thank you so much. A fantastically informative video!
You're very welcome, Adil!
Very useful video. Thank you for that
You are welcome! Happy learning.
Im just tryna build my pc so its rly helpful to see what im working with
Nice
@@goodvibes8900 nice
Great informative! Great animation! Great Voice thank You realpars !!!!!!!!!!
Our pleasure!
Great video
Ethernet is a communication standard developed in early 80’s to network computer and other devices in a local environment such as home or buildings
We just installed some twisted pair wiring and I wanted to know more about ethernet thank you
Glad we could help, Jacob!
a lot of information in simple words.
Hi, I think your chanel is EXCELENT¡¡ Thanks for make this tuttorials, ....I have a suggest .....can you please talk about " TSN Time Sensitive Networking" I´m very confused about it...... regards from MEXICO
Thanks for your kind comment! I will definitely go ahead and forward this to our creator team. Happy learning!
Thanks so help ful in my project for my current class I am taking
That's amazing! You're very welcome
Yesterday was informeds that my internet connection was down because my ethernet cable was loose. It wasn't loose where it is fixed in at the side of my laptop. I looked at where it was fixed in at the router end and it HAD become loose. The day before my internet connection had been fine and I hadn't touched the router/brushed against it/no one else has used it etc so the cable had become loose of its own accord. Quite a situation!