How Does Blu-ray Work? - LaserDisc, CD, DVD, Blu-ray Explained
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 11 ต.ค. 2024
- LaserDisc, CD, DVD, Blu-ray are all one big happy family - with the exception of HD DVD, which was disinherited for being too stubborn. This video explains how these optical discs work in practical terms.
A couple of things have been left out for the sake of simplicity and/or brevity. For instance, Blu-ray discs are layered differently from their predecessors. Where CDs have a thick transparent layer and a thin supportive back layer, Blu-ray are opposite. The transparent layer is much stronger than those of CDs due to new technologies, and with a thicker back layer BDs are stronger and cheaper to produce. Also, problems with the laser light misreading the data due to errors in the transparent material, has been reduced.
Another thing I omitted from the animation was the fact that the laser and photocell move together, across the disc. I'm still on the fence if this is interesting or important and chose to leave it out due to time restraints (my own, not the video's).
HD DVD was very short-lived, only being actively produced between 2006 and 2008, when it was abandoned and the HD DVD group was dissolved. BD had won. Ultra HD Blu-ray seems poised to supersede Blu-ray in the near future, but if you ask me it's a pretty cumbersome name, for now.
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According to a couple of commenters, the information in this video is not entirely correct. Both peaks and troughs are 0, where as the transition between both is 1. I'm still looking for more sources into this. I hope to create a better version of the animation in the near future. Thanks to all of you who kindly commented on this!
Any updates on this?
@@languagehack2193 no
Thanks
@@languagehack2193 np and also good luck with your life and i hope you a great life ♥
FYI: DVD and Blu-ray discs have dual data layers, compact disc only one, which is the fundamental reason behind increased capacity, not only attributed to a finer beam resolution.
What I learned from this video
It’s called Blue ray because it uses a blue laser to read the discs.
according to the comment section rest of the info is incorrect, so you're good!
It's called Blu-Ray
You must learn binary to understand
Actually it doesn't use a blue laser, it Actually uses a violet laser at 405nm
@@JonTheChron that's wonderful Jon. Thanks
There is a huge mistake, a myth regarding optical discs.
Pits and lands both are zeros! The 1 is represented by the transition between both.
That is why the data need to be transformed in a way, that only one 1 can occur and at least one 0 is between two ones. That is called eight to fourteen modulation.
You're welcome.
Apart from being completely wrong, this video is great! :/ Real pity considering the amazing animation.
You have simpsons profile picture, so your opinion doesn't count.
@@denzguir567 what is wrong with you
@Denz Kushnarev your life doesn’t count
Also the in’s formation in a laserdisc is not digital, but analogical
The interpretation of 1s and 0s does not depend on wether it's a flat or pit, but on wether there is a change from pit to flat and vice versa, a change being 1, no change being 0
your answer would have been the best but you can't spell "Whether"
Tahmid Hussain doesn’t really matter as long as the idea gets across or does it ?
Also the pit causes destructive interference to happen with the laser light so that very little light gets reflected back to the sensor.
Amazing video! I can't believe this guy disappeared for 3 years without explaining to us how VHS worked
I know, right? Scandalous!
It's because you didn't subscribe.
Lol. Just how VHS disappeared. 😅
I still dont understand how those data are being transferred its magic 😂
xHDz 7 ikr, magic
@@Nightsaberban straight up magic I wish I could say its just magic on my physics project. :(
Give me the magic discs please
It‘s „transfered“ binary.
The data is transferred via a laser beam that burns it into the disc
Turns out one can explain stuff in 2 mins without having to ramble for 30 mins lol. Excellent video! Thank you.
- laserdisc is analogue, it does not see 1s and 0s, but pits of variable length.
- with introduction of DVD also dual layers came, A half transparent reflective layer.
yeah but I thought the laser could only see 2 different things. A pit or a land. So it's still a binary system which seems like it would have been easy to make a chip in a player that could convert it to a digital HDMI signal on the newest ones. Pioneer actually didn't stop making laserdisc players until 2009.
LaserDisc is the first format that came out with movies and other interactive as well. now we have Blu-ray discs.
I love the blu-ray as the high quality pictures and sound. looks perfectly better. way better.
I collect LDs, CDs, even DVDs as collections. 💿💿
Dude! That was an excellent explanation, Thank you so much!
Glad it helped :)
@@IntoTheOrdinary You forgot to mention that LaserDisc was an analog format
@@IntoTheOrdinary yes
@Add channel name what made it incorrect?
Yea it was thanks
Beautiful video, regardless of mistake. Explanation, as well as illustration, are very intuitive and conducive to learning.
How was creating this technology easier than Netflix?
For physical copies, in 2006 most people didn't have Internet still, like 70% of my class didn't, the only reason I did is because I paid for it in my mother's house
Because Childbirth Wasn't A Variable
4gb was a huge amount back then. The servers needed weren’t developed yet. The ability to put that much memory on a small device was a huge feat and still useful trust in some cases
Actually correction: The blu ray disc actually users a Ultra Violet (purple) laser but , but they call it Blue laser to fit with the name Blu ray name , so people don't get confused
Very short and enough explanation needed to understand the basic idea of Optical Disks. Thank you.
Basically free space optical communication. You take a laser and then a photodiode, they read whatever you have made that can emit 0s and 1s in order to stream data to a computer or device. You can essentially make an Internet with light instead of WiFi
What I'm getting in this is
When burning something into a cd.. The laser literally burn holes in the cd, but the cd is so delicate that only even a tiny scratch can destroy the data stored in the cd. Only the lazers can burn those small holes in there, without actually destroying it.
I might be wrong but from what I read I understood that CDs and DVDs are "burned" by pressing and not by lasers, and therefore you can't overwrite them, but on CD-Rs, CD-RWs, DVD-Rs, DVD-RWs, DVD+RWs, etc, a laser is used that doesn't burn holes but rather changes the color of an ink, then the laser that will read them will detect the color change
@@diogodavid3557 yeah, especially with DVD-R-s the ink on them goes so dark to the reader it looks just like a pit like a professionally pressed disc
Even though this channel is dead, this was a great explanation of how blu ray and other discs works. My favorite is blu ray and I LOVE IT!! Don't really care about 4k blu ray. I have a blu ray/DVD player that can upconvert to 4k and still looks damn great on my 4k TV. So no reason for me to buy 4k blu ray player.
Biggest question of my life
Year 3000: Death ray discs that use death rays.
Criminally underrated comment here!
@@Huleboer99 :)
Your Advice is us the simple. Understood. Thanks.
What about discs for video games? How does it pick up the information that is permanently on the disc despite each play through being different and you controlling what happens?
Major thanks to whoever created this video. I was wondering how all of this stuff works. You can learn almost ANYTHING on TH-cam! TH-cam has informational videos, science, math, travel stuff, music videos & so much more!!! 😀
Anything is stored and processed as data, it’s the interpretation of that data that makes the difference ✨
Video on laserdisc is analog, the sound could be digital. But the laser still works pretty much the same between what is called a land or a pit. So a binary encoding system that's not digital somehow.
VHS plz
Check! :D
UHD has already replaced Regular blu ray but normally they pack a movie in both regular blu ray and UHD blu ray in one case, DVD is now a separate case
not true cause there stell selling bluray
Eu sinto que CD tem uma sonoridade mais interessante em CD Player do que em DVD ou Bluray Player.
Eu suspeito que o laser ser dedicado a um só tipo de mídia, faz essa diferença.
Mais ainda, o CD tocado num mini system sempre terá um processamemto superior também em potencial, e a combinação com as caixas acústicas próprias e dedicadas do aparelho, faz diferença!
Eu suspeito que o laser ser dedicado a um só tipo de mídia, faz essa diferença.
O melhor mini system que eu já ouvi CD foi o Aiwa NSX V599, com surround ativo, saída óptica digital, caixas de três vias com woofer e mid-range. O áudio é realista, vivo, envolvente, em camadas, exatamente como foi gravada em estúdio.
Pra mim,.esse aparelho representa a perfeição tecnológica nesse aspecto. Esse modelo deveria ser tombado como patrimônio histórico da humanidade.
Infelizmente, o fim de tudo isso foi uma decisão de acionistas, investidores e capitalistas. Eu não preciso de um desses leitões separados. Um bom mini system como o que eu citei, não precisava de mais nada. E o valor não passaria de R$1.200 atualmente. Triste!
Regredimos ao minimalismo! Uma prova de que o sistema não é comprometido com a verdadeira melhor tecnologia.
How about double or triple layered discs? How do they work? And the difference between a writable DVD and an M-disc for archiving? I think the DVD uses an organic dye that breaks down over time?
How do game cds work then? like if it’s recorded information how can the game show different things depending on the commands of the player if the bumps on the cd don’t change?
gotta be a simulation
this channel is a hidden gem
5 days ago
OK, so... 3 years ago, this video was uploaded.
But there is so many different blue ray disk on Amazon labelled as (X16, X6, X48...)
• What are theese speeds?
• Are they decide how much data the disk can store?
• what if disk labelled X16 but rated for 128GB of storage?
The disk speed has to do with how fast the drive can read the disk, it doesn't affect the size of storage. Here's a Wikipedia link: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blu-ray#Drive_speeds
@@IntoTheOrdinary thank you very much 😀
So that’s why it doesn’t work when there are scratches
Due to the fall of cds, i got myself bunch of blank cds for very cheap, 1 plate for 15 cents (if converted to usd from my currency) i still use cds btw
How do 0s and 1s make whats happening on the screen though
lol
May I ask, so how to write the bumps onto the surface of the Disc, what technique is it ? Is it able to rewrite many times ?
I learned that The VHS actually tears itself down when it is in a VSR, and there is a scanner which reads the tape and it plays, much like a floppy disk.
I don’t understand why they can’t put a protective layer onto the disks so they don’t break with the tiniest scratch
very insightful illustration. the animation gave a very good understanding of the mechanism. Ta Muchly
Can you do a video about how solar panels work? I saw a web article that when solar cells are made the same way optical discs are made the efficiency rate of the solar panel is increased. Can you explain that using your simple methods?
I wonder. Wasn't there dual layered dvds that could hold 8 gigs? Super Smash Bros Brawl was around 8 gigs on disc.
at first they also considered dual layer dual face discs
*Someone In The TH-cam Just Used The Toothpaste On The Cd To Clean It Up*
Guess What Happened...
Some of scratched
Ive tried that, using tooth paste to clean a scratched disc doesn’t really work, in fact it usually makes it worse
Wow, you deserve more subscribers!
Thank you! ^_____^
cause he gave false information maybe? plus he does not explain laserdisc it analog so no 1s and no 0s uploader has not got a clue
In case you found this video late and wonder whatever happened to the 4th generation, BDXL discs took the spot and hold 100 to 128 GB of data but requires another reader than the 3rd generation. The 3rd generation also had dual layer bluray, which can hold 50 GB without needing a 4th generation reader.
It’s unreal how you only have this many subscribers
cause he gave false information maybe? plus he does not explain laserdisc it analog so no 1s and no 0s uploader has not got a clue
*Ayy, nice. Thanks mate. I'm "visiting" for a Computer Systems BYU-I class. Again, thanks.*
Great video of the disc lasers one problem how to get Blu Ray disc on top on the 3d disc
I would love to see how VCR works really really really because I love VCRs
You know it's been 2, almost 3 years since I last uploaded a video and somehow I read your comment at the exactly right moment for me to write a whole script on this exact topic 😊 so it's being worked on! (And thank you!)
They still make DVD’s! They sell em at target and Walmart
I buy DVDs from the fear of Netflix removing my favourite stuff, serves as a backup plan and even if I can't afford my suscription
@@BillStreetStudios i just like having physical copies
i buy blurays because dvds are for poor people
@@wickedhouston5538 whatever you gotta tell yourself 🙄
@@wickedhouston5538 I honestly think Blu-Ray is pointless. It's a disc that has a very little difference from dvd, most of my films I have in a dvd/blu-ray bundle and there is no difference except from a better video(which you can't really see if you are watching unless you are right in front of the screen) and I also find that the audio on DVD's is better. For the price of Blu-ray, it's personally not worth it and not all movies are on blu ray anyway.
amazing video :D so helpful, so short yet so effectively delivered information, learnt a lot. :D
Would an ultra violet laser be useful for some kind of DVD? How bigger would the storage be? So many questions ;-;
Ito™ seems brother of
Real Engineering™ 🔥🔥🔥
Very well explained, appreciated.
Very well explained👌🏻👌🏻👍🏻
UltraHD BD isn't the 4th generation.
Since they are still on BDs but Dual-Layer of 50GB or even Tri-Layer of 100GBs.
Same as DVD has the Dual-Layer of around 8GBs, they are simply multiple layered (the oldie but goldie solution).
As for the 4th gen, most probably is under work somewhere to make it affrodable for the masses. (and yeah, probably already exists)
Excellent and To the point video!
Very good but you missed the king of optical media: The laserdisc!! You just mention it but no explanation including the differences between CAV and CLV, how digital sound goes with analogue in the same disc etc.
But how do computer comes to know what to play
best channel so far
Excellent video.
It would be great if you did the VHS one
Please someone explain how game disc work
what aboutdouble layered DVDs? In the video we only see the DVD5 (called like that for it's storage capacity being close to 5 GB), but there are also DVD9. Were those the ones discontinued in 2008?
Flash drives are so cheap now days I don't think Ultra blue ray is going to make it
I think it will, but only as a way to sell movies and PS5 games...
They tried selling movies on flash drives a few years ago. It flopped.
I doubt it would happen if it could. Flash drives usually have a slow read/write speeds and would be expected to transfer 15-100GB files without much buffer. Even if a flash drive can reach those speeds and capacity, it would likely still be cheaper to produce discs.
@@JamesAbela Not really, Blu-ray still isn't as popular as DVD. Not all movies are released on Blu-Ray and that is the problem with them.
@@gorgeyxhuns534 you are right because they've tried to sell Blu-ray as a theatre replacement experience. I feel that most Blu-ray will be used in next-gen consoles because not everyone has an amazing internet experience. If PS5 has Ultra-HD then maybe it'll happen.
How do they change the data on the disk once the disk has been encoded?
lovely video
What happened to HVD? Holographic Versatile Disc, which holds 1 to 10 T.B. (Terabytes) of data, way more than the Blu-ray disc can hold. It's a yellow disc size of a CD/DVD/Blu-ray disc. Red, blue and green lasers are used to read/write data to and from the disc. Almost 10 years ago, I thought that it would become the next generation optical disc after Blu-ray, but I didn't see that happening at all. Any idea what happened to the HVD disc?
Straight to the point and quick, noice
PLEASE upload, megnatic tape, megnatic disk, solid memory based video from old to new genration
Beautiful video, excellent explanation!
What I knew from this video is the shorter the wavelength of the laser, the higher the capacity of the disc.
Buy why they don’t make discs slightly larger so it can carry more data?
I mean I’m not well versed in the field but this is my inference, I would have to say it’s because disk sizes have been standardized in a way that you never really see ever companies deviate from the size anymore unless it’s too make it smaller instead of larger, like Nintendo and Sony did with the GameCube and PSP. What I’m tryna say is the engineers behinds these disk readers probably just don’t want to go through the hassle of making readers for untested sizes of disks? If ya get the gist but I have zero idea what the people in this industry have to say about that so with that I’ll leave my two cents :)
they actually tried many times to reduce (any industry, audio, video, files), but the CD size format always remained the best choice. Only Flash USB drives and SD/MMC cards killed it
that's amazing didn't know 4th gen blue ray is coming
I get how single use disks are burned, but how do RW disks work? aka. formatting a DVD/RW
Ziet er weer prachtig uit!
Dank je wel!
I still don’t understand this, how the hell do grooves turn into graphics, sound, words, texts.
You need to start lectures on Computer Science.
@@alansaldivares or maybe explain better 🤔
Nice info, thanks for sharing it :)
Well, LaserDisc is actually THE first generation optical disc.
great information
The key gen should be called grvd meaning gamma ray verstile disc becuase purple lasers are most powerful
Totally understood
what does the 12x or 6x means on the disks?
The speed
So it’s pretty much the back of the disc that matters?
Well, it -is- where the data is kept XD The other end is great for printing letters and for keeping the whole disc sturdy.
The side of the disc that has content encoded on it is what matters. Laserdiscs are designed to be double sided but some movies didn't have anything on one side of a multi disc set. DVD and blu ray often have pretty labels but have the same option to use both sides for double capacity. Because bluray has so much storage capacity, I don't know of any dual sided discs but there are several dvd's that used both sides. Most often this was when a movie had a widescreen and fullscreen version on the same disc.
How does a long section of pit, or no pit work? Like what if the disc has 3 "0"'s in a row, how does it know it's 3 of them and not just 1 since the laser only reflects once? Perhaps there is a timer?
Great video . Plz uplode more
hey, why have you stopped creating such videos? also, can you make on how ssd and hard drive work? thanks!
Here we are in 2022 and still no new videos. Yeah.....unfortunately this channel is dead.
What if we didn't spin the disk? What if we made the laser scan it like the electron beam in a tube tv? Could we scan the whole disk up to 60hz or higher? This would effectively use the disk as rom, freeing up ram for physics and logic, eliminating the need to install to hard drive.
Whole cities could be loaded in an instant with no low res distant textures.
Cooling would probably be a problem to overcome.
I think in the old tube tvs the electron beam was steered by electromagnet. This would basically be impossible with a laser, but there are laser projectors, which I think use a rotating mirror assembly to draw the picture.
Not to mention the laser has to reflect back to the reciever, that would be the hardest part
I did some calculations, a single layer bluray holds 25gb, or 200 billion bits, meaning if we made the disk square and scanned it it would have a resolution of about 447214 x 447214, which is probably quite a bit out of range of current projectors
good and helpful video
What part of the disc is read, exactly?
There’s that ring in the middle and that outer ring that looks like a lighter color. Do those parts have any data?
But i still confuse how its been written or burning to the disc?
How to have hedache
This is really nice thank you
I still don’t know how a combination of 0s & 1s tells the computer what image ir sound to reproduce
Dude awsoom explanation!! thanks!
So when the laser detects a 1, how does it determine the colour and position of the puxel?
We can enscrypt 01 into 1-99 then resolution compression into less physical area and if 1-99999 then rgb can store entire 10000 years data in 1 cd
Nice I learn many thing by this vedio
I still don’t understand why someone once told me you cannot resurface a scratched blu ray disc.
How the hell go they have multiplayer(game disks)
so true
this guy is a genu
!
Thank you so much
Excellent
**Spoiler Alert**
4th is Hard Disk
5th is Solid State Disk