How To Wire It! Stepper Motors
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 4 ก.ค. 2016
- Learn how to wire up stepper motors to your Arduino and see the basic code for how to control them.
Link to code & breadboard layout used in this video:
bit.ly/28LrdSx
Link to stepper board:
amzn.to/28Mz43L
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What stepper motor did you use in this video?
Thank goodness these videos remain available years after first posting. It's 2024 and this is the best video about wiring up the Syepper Motor. I'm using a newer version, TMC2209, but the info your provided seems to apply quite well to the newer version.
So, thank you!!!
Beautifully explained, I am instructor and like his way of explaining, love you
jumping reset and sleep - already mentioned below but here is the explaination I found:
Next, the RESET pin sets the translator to a predefined Home state. This Home state or Home Microstep Position can be seen from these Figures from the A4988 Datasheet. So these are the initial positions from where the motor starts and they are different depending on the microstep resolution. If the input state to this pin is a logic low all the STEP inputs will be ignored. The Reset pin is a floating pin so if we don’t have intention of controlling it with in our program we need to connect it to the SLEEP pin in order to bring it high and enable the board.
Great info - much appreciated!
You, sir, are amazing. A million thanks to your great explanation
To determine the stepper coils, you can also just touch two wires together and turn the stepper by hand. If you feel resistance, there's your coil.
just be careful with the smaller geared stepper motors. the gears can be stripped or damaged by manually rotating the output shaft
It works!
Thank you so much every detail counted the only well explained video i found especially the coil wire part
Finally got my setup to work thanks to this!
Thank u very much! Labya! Hope you help more students like me! 🙌♥️
great video ive subbed and going to use this format for a racing sim im working on
Awesome video! I’d love to see an updated one with instructions on how to use the new TMC chips with UART positional controls.
Thank you very much, this information is very helpful to me!
thanks, simple and straight forward
Thank you so much!!! This helped me complete my Engineering project.
thank you. It was a very helpful and enlightening presentation.
So many know things, but don't know how to explain. You did an excellent job!
Loved the video. Good instruction.
VERY GOOD EXPLANATION. THANK YOU !
Great video. Very informative
Great tutorial, thanks!
Thank you for your video is helps me so much
Thanks for explanations..
Great Video mate!
Thanks!
Easy watch and easy to follow, cheers from a noob
You sir, just save my grade. Thank you!
Very good video, thanks. I'm new to this Arduino malarkey and I'm looking for a tutorial that explains how the speed of a stepper motor can be determined by the pressure on a load cell - imagine that a kitchen weighing scale makes a stepper motor pin fast with a three bags of sugar and slow with one bag. I'd use the common HX711 board. Thanks.
Thanks, pls do the 8 bridges video
Thanks. it is very informative 🙂
Good job
Nice tutorial!
The easiest way to find out which pairs of wires belongs to a coil, is to just hold the exposed ends together, if you then turn the wheel and feel resistance, then you got it
Thanks so much that's pretty neat!
Nice! The piece of info I was looking for is:
Is the polarity of each coil important? My 1st stepper is not rotating and wondering if I’m opposing coil fields?
Many thanks
Hi! I like your way you explain every single step. Do you also have a video regarding wiring a stepmother with a raspberry pi by using a breadboard and the motor driver dry-8825? Would be great
you don't like your stepmother very much do you? :P
Once you determine the pairs of wires coming out of the motor, is it important to wire them to the board in a specific order? For example + - + -, or + - - +, I am getting a very jumpy stepper and I am not sure if I have polarity to all 4 wires correct. .
Awesome ...Thank you :)
greatvideo can you do one connecting to jetson nano
how do you know which wire plugs into which pin? I get separating coils but out of the two, how did you determine where they are plugged in?
Thanks for the video, I cant seem to find a video on using a stepper motor controlling it with a pc and keyboard buttons, could you make such a video?
thanks for this video, i have a question on the power source though, i mean dont we need a 24 or 12 volt power supply? what did you use there?a battery or on those SMPS (googled the name) AC/DC covertor? does using an AD DC power adapter make any difference... sorry i am very much new to this but desperately need help . thanks
any idea why other people uses a 100uf capacitor directly on the power supply's positive n negative terminal?
Hello and thanks for a great tutorial, is there any way to control the forward and reverse motion just using two push buttons i want to make a stepper move up an down i have the same stepper driver and a uno board
Reverse the code.
When you're connecting the stepper motor, does it matter which way round the wires from each coil go?
Can you use a voltage doubler or something if you only have 12v source to run, say, a NEMA 17 stepper? (24v)
hi, can u make a video of a printer that conected by Nema 23 Stepper Motor.. coz i want to make a flat bed Printer but i dont know how to connect the Stepper Motor.. .... please....thanks
You should connect sleep and reset because one of them has a builtin pulldown. If you dont connect them, youll have a floating pin...
Cool thanks! Good to know!
Built in pullup* other wise the driver would never be on (held in reset) because it’s an active low input
Which arduino are you using in this video?
would that code from Arduino be the same if it were to be on PSoc?
can you please do a video about arduino nano +CNC shield V4 +3 stepper motors +a4988 drivers and how to code it
thank you
Hey .. can you please help me out here
I have 6 wire hybrid stepper Motor and audrino uno,
I want to connect 4 of those motors with on/off button for each, can you please guide me which driver I should use. And please help me with circuit diagram
PLEAAASEEEEE HELLLP ME. ... ASAP
I think I've started to get a hang on the H-bridge now but I would still appreciate a tutorial on it to understand how to code it properly. :)
Didnt think someone would chime in about H Bridge control so quickly haha - I've added H-Bridge stepper control to the list ;)
+ItKindaWorks Haha thanks :) What I find hard is driving my scrapped steppers at the right speed with the right power supply using my L293D. At some speeds they start to behave weirdly using my code. That's why I'd like to know how you do it. ;)
I have to read up because I forget exactly why but I do know that unless your power supply and stepper are matched (12v supply for 12v stepper) then you can get some weird things happening when you try to step especially at high speeds. Thats another reason why I tend to use specific drivers. If you're interested, take a look at the stepper controller datasheet, it has some info in how it makes steps smooth - look about halfway down. www.pololu.com/file/0J450/A4988.pdf
+ItKindaWorks Thank you! That actually explains a lot. Looking forward to the tutorial! :)
What 12v power supply did you use?
Hi! I have a steppre motor with three wires - KT42JM06-007 2-Phase Stepper Motor. How to wire it to driver.
what if i want to control it using a flysku I6 ? can u pls help ?
how much external motor power you give to stepper motor
Great tutorial, really!
Just one question, what can I use to power the motor? And what kind of connections? That is still confusing for me.
You'll have to check the voltage of the motor you have. I believe mine was a 12v motor so I used a spare 12v power supply. You can get barrel jacks or use hobby RC connectors like the ones found here www.ebay.com/itm/like/361418912735?lpid=82&chn=ps&ul_noapp=true
how many amps? i keep blowing my drivers using 12v, 1.2amps
If I have 2 motors and want them to do the exact same thing at the same time, is it possible to run 4 cables from pins 11 and 12 to two seperate motor drivers or do I need to code two more pins to do the same thing and run it separately ?
Did you share the code in your notes?
one thing I am not sure yet, is after finding out the two separate coils, (coil 1 and coil 2), how to figure out the polarity of the 1a and 1b? Or does it not matter? I would think it matters as it would reverse the polarity of the magnetic field depending on how the a and b are wired, "forward" or "backward". (both for 1a, 1b coil, similarly for the 2a 2b coil). I hope to get this doubt cleared out of my mind.
Afaik the coils aren't polarized in any specific order. I could be wrong about that but from experience I've never had to figure out anything beyond which pairs of wires go together.
Thanks for your reply. Yes you are right. From what i researched this week, I learnt that the coils are polarized but not in any order, just like you mentionned, as there are an even number of coils. Thus a change in either coil's polarity changes the direction of the rotor's rotation, but a change in both coils' polarity would make the rotor remain in the same direction. The driver's sequence of pulses is the same in either polarity. Quite interesting.
Thanks for the explanation. I'm having a bit of trouble with my circuit. I've rewired my breadboard half a dozen times or more. The A4988 makes a little whining noise and the lights on the arduino go out and nothing works. I've tried a couple of different arduinos and A4988s and the same thing happens. I was able to get it to work earlier this week so I soldered up a proto board only to have it not work. Any thoughts or suggestions would be appreciated.#superfrustrated.
Sorry to hear that its not working now that you soldered it up to a proto-board. My best guess based on your description is that you are getting a short circuit somewhere in your board. Have you checked the board thoroughly with a multi-meter for any shorts or near-shorts?
Thanks for the reply. I really want this to work as the cost is great and only having two pins to worry about makes for much easier code. I've gone back to the breadboard and the problem has persisted. I think it has something to do with using a potentiometer to control it. Debugging in the serial monitor shows that there probably is a short but I think it's part of the A4988 design. The potentiometer works correctly when I have the 5v side connected and the serial monitor shows the appropriate numbers and direction. Once the high side is connected the numbers go high. I've tried taking the voltage on the high side down to 9 volts but then the stepper doesn't want to move. I've tried as many different options as I can think of.
hello, I don't understand how you change the direction without command material, Button, joystick, by thought (lol)? I may have missed a step?! 🤷🏻♂️
Hello. I've never used stepper motors nor have I connected anything via GPIOs. You seem to know a great deal about this stuff so I'd like to ask a few questions. I've ordered a stepper motor (NEMA 17) and a driver(?) L298N, I'd like to control the stepper motor via my raspberry pi. Is this possible and do I need something else/more than the following: Power supply for my RPi, the RPi itself, NEMA17, L298N? Thank you so much. Best regards a total nub!
It sounds like that should be good for everything. The only thing to make sure you have is enough power for the stepper motor. Usually stepper motors use a decent amount of power so if your power supply for your raspi is only just enough for the raspi then you might want another/larger supply for the pi and stepper. The pi should have at least a 1a (1000ma) supply and I'd think you'd want at least another 1a for the stepper if not 2a.
Which external supply do you recommend?
unske what did you end up using?
The resistance measurement setting on the potentiometer? That’s an error I get it, but you left it in the video. This stuff can be confusing enough without you calling an ohm meter a potentiometer.
Try an old L298 .... might be easier for beginners.
my motor has 8 wires what should i do
Why are you using delay() in your code instead of millis()?
As you know delay() stops ALL processing so it is possible to miss an event such as a button being pushed or a sensor's activity. Millis() won't do that because it waits based on units of time.
From what I have been seeing recently, the use of delay() is now being looked upon as bad coding yet it is all over the Arduino code sample libraries.
Delay isnt bad in many situations. It's only really looked down upon because it confuses people when they want to start doing more than one thing "at the same time". Millis is really only useful once you understand how it works and the fact that no processor can do more than one thing at a time (ignoring multiple cores). It can be really easy to think "oh now I can do all of these things at once" and then suddenly not have things work because things that still take time to do and it throws off the synchronicity of each "process". It's also very easy for people to trip themselves up because they're still thinking in a linear program mindset rather than a scheduled one, so suddenly code that they may have expected to have run already hasn't. So for anything that is at a beginner level, delay is going to be a lot more straight forward and will be more reliable unless you really know what you're doing.
Plus this video is about how to wire a piece of hardware - why confuse beginners even more by showing code that they may not understand?
But if you are interested, I also did a video a while back on this topic exactly. I tend to use a library called Metro (which is basically a class wrapper for the millis style delay). You can check that out here th-cam.com/video/zhWV_D_9OCY/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugxo8UVJVBhFmEj51Vt4AaABAg
We need h bridge motor driver video
How do you determine the polarity of the windings?
There is no polarity on a stepper motor. The best way is to test it out. If it is spinning the wrong way, switch two of the wires on one of the coils (not while powered or it will hurt the board) , or simply use your code to change the direction pin.
where can i get that green Arduino from? i need that link
www.pjrc.com/store/teensy.html
thumbs up.. :)
RIP link
Wish there still was one
little tape on the shaft would have been cool
hey dude, need a had and may a good idea for a video may be simple but i cant work it out and need help with it,
im trying to get a stepper motor to move a set number of degrees when a toggle switch is on and then turn the same amount of degrees the other way when its off, almost like a servo i need to move a slider so far, i a can it to turn 1 way all the time and the other way all the time when a switch is pressed but i need it to stop after so many degrees
heres my sketch
const int stepPin = 4; //pin to pulse for steps
const int dirPin = 3; //pin to change step direction
const int Switch = 7;
void setup(){
//set pins as outputs
pinMode(stepPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(dirPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(Switch, INPUT_PULLUP);
if(digitalRead(Switch) == HIGH){
digitalWrite(dirPin, HIGH);
for(int x = 0; x < 200; x++) {
digitalWrite(stepPin,HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(800);
digitalWrite(stepPin,LOW);
delayMicroseconds(800);}
}
else{
digitalWrite(dirPin, LOW);
for(int x = 0; x < 200; x++) {
digitalWrite(stepPin,HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(800);
digitalWrite(stepPin,LOW);
delayMicroseconds(800);}
}
}
void loop() {
}
I'm not a coder, but I've tweaked Marlin and GRBL when setting up my 3D printer, laser engraver, CNC router etc. enough to pick up that to limit a steppers travel there will be a line describing the maximum distance in mm that the stepper can travel as well as steps per revolution. There are also comments on the number of teeth of your pulleys or the TPI of your threaded rod....which ever you happen to be using. In fact, having a look at Marlin and/or GRBL may help you figure it out......hope that helps point you to what you need....
What arduino are uou using?
It's called a Teensy (www.pjrc.com/teensy/) The model I have in this video is the Teensy 2.0
You didn't mention how you figured out 1A from 1B and 2A from 2B you only mens ion ed the windings
This video is like being taught how to play connect the dots, by Napolean Dynamite.
So, you're just connecting four wires (from the stepper), the coils end wires, why leaving out the other two?
If you have a 6 wire stepper then you have a unipolar motor. unipolar motors can be used just like bipolar (4 wire) motors however they can also be driven using more simplified circuits with just a few transistors to turn the coils on and off. The disadvantage to unipolar motors (driven using all 6 wires at least) is that they are less efficient since the circuit to drive them involves only turning on half of the coil at a time. Driving them in bi-polar mode results in no efficiency loss though. Unipolar steppers were more popular in the past when stepper drivers were more expensive. You can learn a lot more about steppers from here: cdn-learn.adafruit.com/downloads/pdf/all-about-stepper-motors.pdf
where can i get a little power supply like that?
I would just put something like "12V power supply" into ebay or amazon or something like that. The voltage also depends on the motor you plan on using so double check that as well.
Anybody knows why my stepper motor just turning in one direction.. i've tried some of codes and solutions on google but still
You have two pairs of wires, 1a,1b and 2a, 2b. Just try switching the position of 1a and 1b (or 2a an 2b, but not both pairs).
do a H BRIDGE PLEASE
My stepper motor have 5 pins.can i ignore it?
Your stepper is an unipolar stepper and MAYBE an hybrid which would work if you isolate the common middle coil "wire". Not all 5 pins unipolar steppers are hybrid, though. To find the common wire, check the resistance between each wire, two by two. The common is the only one which give half the resistance of the resistance you get from any pair not involving it. But again, your stepper may not work in bipolar mode anyway.
At 8:52 you mean to say multimeter, not potentiometer ☺️
Haha yes, I think I have an annotation with the correction so if you have those turned on it should have popped up
my stepper cant move(just little bit)
At 12:42 you say, "You may not be able to see it (moving)". So why didn't you simply attach something like a long piece of white paper that would easily show movement?
I dont know. Didnt seem relevant...
It is relevant for the viewers to exactly see what you mean. But still great video
Can the motor run in One Direction only
Switch directions using the DIR pin. Set high to go one direction and low to go the other.
Use a potentiometer to measure resistance!!! Don''t you mean a multimeter?
Well yes of course (and there used to be a note but YT has phased out on screen annotations)
OL = out of limit. No continuity. Infinity.
Great video but the use of 'SO' is bloody annoying.
Would you say it's SO bloody annoying ;)
what awful nails!! good explanation