How Do Airplanes Fly?
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 7 เม.ย. 2015
- How Airplanes Are Made: • How Airplanes Are Made
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Eduardo Rampelotto Gatto Created by Henry Reich - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
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I really appreciate the care you took in this video to discuss the molecules rather than just Bernoulli's principle. It always drives me crazy when teachers use that and dismiss the follow-up questions. Thank you :-)
Ooooohhhh... You are here 🤓
By the way Imma fan of you both you guys
@@Parapresdokian bro i dont know who this guy is..
@@soisaus564 He's one of the greatest physics channels on YT for amateurs (in my opinion).
I thought the title was "Do Airplanes fly" and had myself braced to question everything I currently know
lol
tggt00 Your picture is actually an anti-cross (the opposite of christian cross) not just brimstone...
MrDuckemy this isn't Vsauce.
Airplanes don't fly. They stay still, wile they move the entire universe down.
Your message was from 5 years ago so you probably won't see this. But if you do could I ask how you were doing back then compared to how you're doing now. If you don't wanna answer it's ok I'm fine with that.
Bigger planes be like:
"Hey little plane, do you even lift bro?"
Hahaha 😂
69 likes not ruining it
@Isabella Holtorf Though I appreciate the thrust, that joke’s a real drag.
Planes are an urban legend. They're really just giant metal birds that the government doesn't tell us about because it would cause mass hysteria
Loomynati confermed
Adil Ahnaf Chowdhury it's illuminati
ATTO2020 They want you to think that it's spelled illuminati, OPEN YOUR EYES
Thou hath spoken
Illuminati confirmed
It has something to do with wind.
jgonz185 those are kites ;)
jonas samuel so cute haha
jgonz185 You nailed it.
jgonz185 Friends reference maybe?
herpington derpington Yes, finally. Lol.
Bwaah ! Humbug ! Everyone knows airplanes don't fly, they move the universe around them !
Plasma Phi But wait, if two planes move the universe in opposite directions then why doesn't the universe rip and get destroyed? 0.o
That the planet express ship in futurama duh planes has people attached to the back of the plane that just ate beans and fart enough to have foward momentum
flameblade57 Nah, the universe would just expand and be moved in both directions at once. Science, man.
Plasma Phi Futurama?
Edward Elric hows your brother?
Thank you for doing a video on this and enlightening thousands who got the "air goes faster over the top" explanation.
Thanks a ton, the best ever explanatory video on how plane flies I have got through you. It's simple yet informative.
Thanks for explaining this concept in a very simple but interesting and understandable way. Appreciate your efforts :)❤
Obviously it's pixie dust. You find it all over the counters in airplane bathrooms.
Marcara081 Don't tell me you have been smelling that stuff, it'll do crazy things to your mind.
flameblade57 smelling? i always sniff them
Your message was from 5 years ago so you probably won't see this. But if you do could I ask how you were doing back then compared to how you're doing now. If you don't wanna answer it's ok I'm fine with that.
@@amaridavis2317 Became really fit. Wrote two books. Had a chat with Jordan Peterson. Achieved 10% annual return on investment for the last 3 years.
So good. Very good compared to where I was. Thanks for asking and reminding me.
@@Marcara081 That seems really nice I didn't think you'd respond since the comment was 5 years ago but I'm proud of what you achieved. Thank you for responding!
But planes can fly upside-down! I was hoping you addressed this seemingly contradictory fact.
Harlequin314159 Just have the same angle of attack while being upside-down and use the same explanation.
Harlequin314159 Momentum, perhaps.
had to thumb up your comment, couse you talk about something being upside down whilst your profile pic is.
Harlequin314159 This comes back to the angle of attack of the wing. For aircraft that are designed to spend time upside down they have a much thinner cross section, which is much more symmetrical top to bottom, and in some cases fully symmetrical even. This allows the wing to work both ways up, but reduces the efficiency of the wing at the same time.
Angle of Attack plays a role, however some planes can fly upside-down at zero alpha due to the Kutta-Joukowski theorem.
This is so good. I sort of understood all of this before watching but you explained it so well. Bravo.
Were the air particles simulated and drawn by hand? If so, that is very impressive.
Don't forget that if you want the plane to stay up, the pilot must not be suicidal
Indeed.
Too soon.
***** Fine, then make sure there aren't 2 buildings infront of you or the plane didn't come from any country in south east Asia
Hobo Fluffy, “or the plane didn't come from [...] south east Asia”
Arturo Torres Sánchez Facts speak for themselves
Thanks for the great explanation.
I've watched a few videos (about flight) besides yours, but yours is the best, shortest, and graphically the most entertaining.
Man, your videos are so helpful and teach me so many cool things. Keep doing what your doing👍🏻
Quick! Someone send this video to Arthur Weasely! ;)
Kristronuovo exactly what I thought!! :-D
so awesome finding you here :). Love your videos..
Maybe in the next video we learn what the function of a rubber duck is.
Who's that?
I am so happy that someone other than myself though of this
Well done as usual. :-)
Henry, this one of the best videos you've made in a while! Great Job!
Your message was from 5 years ago so you probably won't see this. But if you do could I ask how you were doing back then compared to how you're doing now. If you don't wanna answer it's ok I'm fine with that.
@@amaridavis2317it's been 3 years.How are you doing now as compared to 3 years ago?
Thanks for this video! I have to do a project on this subject, and this video really cleared things up for me.
Great explanation! It's interesting to think of fans as just small rotating wings... :D
Your message was from 5 years ago so you probably won't see this. But if you do could I ask how you were doing back then compared to how you're doing now. If you don't wanna answer it's ok I'm fine with that.
silunior I’ve been suddenly getting notifications for replies on old comments so you’re in luck :P
Regarding your inquiry, do you mean how I am in general (like how life has been since then)?
@@josh11735 Yes and I didn't think you'd respond since your comment was years ago but how was life back then for you compared to how it is right now?
As a pilot by profession, none of this is new to me, but I can still appreciate the simplicity and entertainment in your explanation. Well done.
I've seen many and this is the best explanation ever. Thanks!
I always love your videos.
Educating youtubers since whenever you decided to start this (i don't know and i haven't asked).
Now I want wings, maybe with some blue cheese.....
I suggest Red Bull
I suggest speed
Snort some coke
*Waffles
Crohniponi +Sebastian Richards Those options are healthier then Red Bull
Henry, please have a kid named Henry and have him have a kid named Henry... I'd love to see a third Reich.
Aaaaaaaaaah!
Five more and he'd be Henry the eighth.
Reich is his last name. Why do his kids need the same first name?
Nameguy Henry III (The Third) Reich
buuhhufhfjhhdjdbkshs4-&6/+%!%/%!:!@
It is amazing how you explained the concept of lift, using the angle of attack and the pressure difference on the surface of the airfoil. The video was also very creative and easy to understand! However, you could have mentioned the misconceptions about lift too!
언제나 재밌는 동영상 잘 보고 갑니다.
오늘은 유체역학이네요 앞으로도 기대할게요!
Inception is placing a thought in someones head via a dream state, the correct term is recursion, or wingcursion
You forgot the exception that comes into place when someone uses a stupid internet meme. in other words, you must be fun at parties.
haha my bad, it's the sort of exception I wouldn't expect minute physics to follow
Chris Simpkins oh you know, internet marketing and stuff.
Buzz Killington Jr here.
Chris Simpkins Are we living in limbo ?
" That amazing moment when twelve tons of metal leaves the earth, and no one knows why."
Cabin pressure anyone? :D
FINALLY. Since school like 4 yrs ago I never really understood what lift was or where it came from etc. So this was great!! Thank you.
Henry!! Pls make a video about thermodynamics!!! Always love ur videos they are so awesome and clear
Hurray for entertaining science!
Your message was from 5 years ago so you probably won't see this. But if you do could I ask how you were doing back then compared to how you're doing now. If you don't wanna answer it's ok I'm fine with that.
@@amaridavis2317 Wow, that comment was from a while ago. Why do you ask?
@@Richie_Godsil Oh I wasn't expecting you to respond since that comment was from so long ago but I just wanted to know how your life was back then compared to now like did anything get better did things happen I was just curious cause I've never seen a comment from that long ago.
@@amaridavis2317 Huh... what an interesting question...
I guess I find myself in a different sort of equilibrium than I did when I was younger (for reference I'm almost 30 now). My current problems and anxieties are analogous to what they were when I was 25, but perspective and acceptance sometimes comes with age: time and distance seem to make all things quaint, after a fashion.
So I don't know if my life has improved, per se, or if my expectations have shifted to where I can be generally more content.
Does that answer your question?
where the hell is MH370?
BrotherMouzone ded
BrotherMouzone ded
In my bedroom
It diededed
TH-cam
diedededed it
Dude this was one of the best videos regarding this topic I have seen
Brilliant!! Exactly the explanation I needed!!!
What about planes that can fly upside down?
Alq Do It
+Alq There is a factor called 'Angle of attack'. If you have a positive angle of attack, and enough speed, there would be lift...
+Sean Martin hrhnrjtntnjntuthuhjt
+Alq That's a guy asking the right question here
Stuart McLaren Is the area S in the formula the surface area of the underside of the wing?
It is wrong about how the plane gets lift.
Search equation of Bernoulli.
The fast the air the smaller the pressure and the air is faster on the top of the wing due to its curvature.
MaxBorges they did mention this, there are lots a thing that make a plane fly
***** They can fly upside down under the same principle, but you're right it's not the only thing at work here. The camber of the aerofoil is really important too. If the aerofoil had a high camber, then the aircraft would have to hold a high AoA (angle of attack) to keep lifting, as long as it had enough thrust!
+hookiebookie1 most acrobatic airplanes that are rated to legally fly upside down have 0 camber. They generate the lift from bernoulli's equation based solely on the angle of attack of the wing. So flying upside down the aircraft has a high angle of attack to force the air moving above the wing to speed up.
Zack c Bernoulli's equation doesn't incorporate AoA, but yeah everything else you said is right. Wasn't debating it!
Bernoulli's Eqn:
P+0.5(Rho)(v^2)+(rho)(g)(h) = const.
Bernoulli's equation doesn't really explain the lifting characteristics of an aerofoil, more the characteristics of the fluid around it - which I'll admit does explain the lift albeit indirectly.
Have a look at strip theory, or the lifting line theory. These incorporate AoA really well and are great to help visualise things for a higher level calculation.
Strip theory lift:
0.5(rho)(v^2)(A/m)(Cl*L+Cd*D) = Aero_Acceleration
+hookiebookie1 bernoulli's equation directly correlates to AoA. With a higher aoa it moves the stagnation point down lower on the underside of the wing. This causes there to be more surface area on the upward side of the wing. Which then causes faster air movement and lower pressure.
Thanks! @MinutePhysics Im Gonna use this video on my class presentation thanks alot :D
I'm doing the same so I dont have to explain
Thanks for the upload. It was very interesting and informative. I didn't understand everything exactly lol. But it was still good to know. It was also nice to see the narrator of these videos.
This whole "More air molecules hit the bottom, and less molecules hit the top" is a really bad way of explaining how an airplane flies. One of the basic assumptions of aerodynamics is the "Continuum Assumption" which basically says that the a fluid (in this case, air) should be treated as a continuous substance, even through it is actually made up of really tiny molecules.
Additionally, whatever momentum that is imparted to the aircraft from the incredibly tiny air molecules hitting the bottom of the surface, would be no where enough to keep the plane aloft.
Lift is generated from pressure differences. Because the lower surface of the wing has a higher pressure than the top (because of accelerating flow) that acts over the area of the wing, a larger force is generated on the bottom of the wing than on the top, resulting in a net upward force. This net upward force is called "Lift".
As one who studied aerospace engineering in college, I couldn't simply sit idly by after viewing this poor explanation of lift.
Matt M I know a thing or two about aircraft and i know that the air moving over the top of the wing(s) moves slower than the bottom of the wing creating the pressure that you explain in your comment.
The flow over the upper surface of the airfoil is faster than over the bottom of the wing.. Can be proved using either Bernouli's equation or the energy equation...
Matt M Thank you for Correcting me.
wingception!
Excellent video keep it up and do making these type of videos
Coincidentally started my job working for Airbus yesterday. Great video Henry!
This is a bit misleading. You're kinda over-emphasizing the importance of angle-of-attack; the curved surface of the wing is the main reason for the difference in pressure. And while you give a good intuition of exactly how that difference in pressure is created, if someone hasn't been exposed to the idea of air pressure before, it sounds too much like the wing is actually "blowing" downwards to generate lift. See 2:24 "...its big wings push air molecules down," and the associated diagram - this is only true at the particle scale and *very* inaccurate at the scale depicted here.
Oh and well done with not mentioning Bernoulli anywhere in this video, but giving plenty of time to Airbus advertising...
***** That's great that you got the right impression; I'm just saying I don't think everyone will. I also understand why he's sponsored and I don't have a problem with that. I do have a problem that he doesn't credit the guy who originally published these principles in the same video where he takes a significant amount of time talking about how great Airbus is. It makes it seem like the video is just done for the ad, rather than the ad being done for the video.
Pilot here. I was a little surprised when he said nothing about Bernoulli's Principle...
Joshua H I'm a pilot as well. Yeah a little disappointing there was next to nothing about Bernoulli. I mean, it sounded like a very dumbed down Newtonian take on Bernoulli's principle
Suppose I say "Everything is made of quarks and electrons." Would you say that was fine at the subatomic level but *totally inaccurate* at larger scales? Of course not. It's totally accurate, regardless of the scale of the thing we're discussing. And so it is with this video. Bernoulli is a shortcut for describing the aggregate behaviour of a fluid, but that fluid is made of molecules and an explanation in terms of molecules is therefore perfectly accurate.
Steve Greenfield
It's not wrong it's over-simplified haha. Henry could have at least mentioned Bernoulli's Principle being the aggregate of everything he talked about. But it is "Minute" physics. Time restraints are a bitch.
How come there are planes that can fly upside down? Shouldn't it be impossible? The wings "lift" would then be on the same direction and sense as gravity.
***** You mean jet fighters? They use delta wings which works differently than normal wings. Go google it.
The wings can change angles...
Howie Au old acrobatic planes, for example.
***** Airodynamic shape is more efficient the right side up but majority of the lift is dependent on the angle of attack which can be corrected for while flying upside down.
***** You're thinking of the whole bernoulli's explanation for how lift is generated because of the airfoil shape that causes lower pressure above the wing and sucks it up. If you rewatch the video, Henry mentions that effect, but in passing because it really isn't how planes get most of their lift. It has much more to do with the fact that the wing is tilted so that air strikes the downward facing side of the wing and pushes it up, just like if you were to stick your hand out of a moving car and point it upwards. With that in mind, it has less to do with the shape of the wing itself, and more to do with the tilt (or "angle of attack") of the wing and how the air is striking it.
Good one. One of the best video explaining lift!
This video is so much more helpful than what we were taught in my high school physics class. All that teacher did was toss us a formula and said that's how they fly. I hate that schools don't teach the underlying meanings of formulas and /why/ they work.
Someone show this to Arthur Weasley
Don't worry mate
hahaaha oml
OK, who's going to tell Arthur Weasley?
No need for that
Your message was from 5 years ago so you probably won't see this. But if you do could I ask how you were doing back then compared to how you're doing now. If you don't wanna answer it's ok I'm fine with that.
It's so clear and now I understand planes so much more. Thanks MinutePhysics.
this an incredible simple explanation! great job
threeminutephysics
amirite
Your message was from 5 years ago so you probably won't see this. But if you do could I ask how you were doing back then compared to how you're doing now. If you don't wanna answer it's ok I'm fine with that.
@@amaridavis2317 5 years ago I was not doing great, probably also quite repressed by surroundings. Today I'm not in the best of spots but still probably better, at least I understand myself a lot more and know what kind of goals I have. I've also become more confident and assertive since back then, rather than just hiding in the shadows all the time and never sharing thoughts or emotions.
@@negativeseven I didn't expect you to respond since your comment was 5 years ago but you did and it's nice hearing that you're doing better and know your goals and I'm proud that you've became more confident but just remember you're a great person and thank you for responding.
@@amaridavis2317
This guy summarized in 2:30 mins what I learned in 5 years of uni.
+PaoloSilverInzaghi Wow...
+Aric Roy (Taurus) They were fun, tho; don't get me wrong XD
PaoloSilverInzaghi The years you studied about planes flight
Thank you thank you thank you for explaining this thoroughly and correctly, without jargon
you explained it too good...Awesome..Thanks
Upvote for A350!
Your message was from 5 years ago so you probably won't see this. But if you do could I ask how you were doing back then compared to how you're doing now. If you don't wanna answer it's ok I'm fine with that.
@@amaridavis2317 I wished you asked me last year, hahaha. Well, I am from India and just trying to be healthy. Double work and half salary, expensive lifestyle, difficult to get a new job.
But I played Half Life Alyx and New Flight Simulator is just... Breath Taking.
Why didnt you mention the Bernoulli Effect? -.- Thats pretty much the main thing going on.
Its not. The way lift is produced as described in the video is the real and intuitive way and is correct. The people who spout 'lift is produced because the air flows faster over the top and so reduces pressure and generates lift' don't really understand what they're talking about.
The Bernoulli principle is how planes fly, high wind speeds are associated with low pressure and low wind speeds are associated with high pressure. The pressure difference is what generates lift pushing the plane upwards.
vij19 Yes Jargon is the way to go.You are the best teacher ever.
Explain how an airplane fly. (5points)
Answer: Bernoulli Effect.
If that gets me full mark from high school to my university exam, please clone yourself and be a professor in every school.
Big word = less intuitive
Just like someone told Stephen Hawking that "each equation I included in the book would halve the sales"
Because... consider your audience! If you are expecting your audience to be a normal person who probably have no idea what quantum mechanics (or aerodynamics in this case) is. Don't use big words! Because they are NOT helpful other than scaring off readers
Ashley Paddison Maybe, but it doesn't explain why it works. Stating something works because of the Bernoulli principle is not an explanation. The explanation in the video is correct, and is intuitive. Fundamentally, planes fly because they push the air downwards using their wings.
I always love learning from your videos (: thanks for educating (:
that explanation is fantastic!
So is this also how parachutes work?
Uuhhh... Parachutes work by having lots of resistance underneath them to mke people go slower. Not sure about those new ones however.
They have a factor in common, which is air resistance.
You saw that they were talking about drag, right? The force of drag, for aircraft, just holds the plane back and acts to decelerate it as it travels along. Same thing for a parachute, but since your main direction of motion in a parachute is down, the drag force is up. It's really just a drag machine!
Arturo Torres Sánchez so what? that doesn't mean that parachutes and planes have anything in common. everything that moves through air has the same common factor.
I understand how parachutes work! Old-school circular parachutes work by having a large surface area which produces drag as the object falls downward. Modern, square parachutes (like skydivers use) are really an inflatable wing. The fabric is shaped and joined together in such a way that when air is forced into the front of the parachute, it inflates into the shape of a wing - similar to how a bouncy castle works. This wing then produces lift in exactly the same way as described in the video - the forward speed is produced by angling the parachute downwards. This is also how paragliders work!
How do airplanes fly? Magic. Any other answer is fucking bullshit.
Nah.. Magic was too OP and was banned. Planes are actually dragons in disguise. =P
I thought they were just really, REALLY big kites :o
goblinRa2a Heh, that's the Guild Wars lore in a nutshell!
(Gods stored the magic away in Bloodstones.)
Well done, that was awesome. Thank you.
I just think of air as a thinner version of water.
Excellent entry-level video. Glad you haven't got the usual aerofoil-section/Bernouilli obsession. In case it helps others: take a large sheet of flat, rigid material out on a windy day. Tilt it. More air molecules smashing into one face than the other, as you said.
They fly by sorcery. Don't give me this nonsense about inertia.
Wow I thought God made them fly
Joe Mama God made the brains who invented the airplane so it could fly
nihal baya Wrong, our species evolved enough to be able to achive logical reasoning and discover mathematics, with which they use to invent airplanes
This is how 'promotional videos' should be!, I learned a lot, and AIRBUS paid for it.
Perfekt
Explained well. It helped. Thanks.
Great explanation, Henry! Bravo!
Your message was from 5 years ago so you probably won't see this. But if you do could I ask how you were doing back then compared to how you're doing now. If you don't wanna answer it's ok I'm fine with that.
Sick vid, makes a lot of sense
This was the best explanation of Bernoulli's principle that I have ever come across.
Gawd. It's the first easily understandable explanation EVER!! Will show it to my wife. thank you!
I really like the new format using digital drawing instead of markers. looks pretty cool and probably allows for more free editing later. Just noticed it in this video but I went back and turns out it started with the "Computer Color is Broken" video
couldn't ask for more simpler explanation of aerodynamics in such small interval of time!!!....:)
This makes more sense than another video that was like 47 minutes but this is 3 minutes Thx for the vid!
Thank you for this video so much
In my mind this is common-sense (yes I do realise at some point everyone has to learn it first), but I watched it because the MinutePhysics explanation is simply a pleasure to watch :)
Loved the 'Wing-ception" bit :D and nice explanation
Excellent explanation.
Great and informative video as always!
Absolutely loved the video Henry! Just now need to explain how gliders fly for hours and hours (and even days) with no thrust from an engine.
I can gladly oblige! I am a Transport Canada Certified Glider Pilot, and there are a few ways that this could happen.
Most commonly, on flat land you will find certain areas get hotter than others, usually because it is darker and absorbs more heat from the sun, such as a newly tilled field or empty parking lot. This causes the air around and above it to rise, bringing the glider with it. We call those "Thermals," and they can extend usually about 3000ft above the ground, or until a cumulus cloud at the top.
Another way is on the upwind side of mountains, the wind will be pushed up the slope, bringing the glider with it. In meteorology, this is called "orographic lift," but we usually just call it mountain soaring. This can extend usually 2-3 times the height of the mountain before it fully dissipates, but by then it is very weak lift.
The third and final practical way to gain altitude in a glider is through mountain waves. It's a bit more complicated than mountain slope soaring, but if you imagine, the air will want to come back down again after it reaches the top of the mountain. This will cause the air to rebound off the terrain and come up again, sometimes higher than when it started. You can ride this wave up to it's peak, This can get you the most altitude if you know how to do it right, easily getting you 8000ft above the ground. In mostly clear air, a strong wave is marked by what we call "Lenticular Clouds," a really beautiful cloud formation.
In meteorology, there are other lifting agents, such as mechanical turbulence and frontal lift, but those are, respectively, too low to the ground and too turbulent to be useful.
In summation, all altitude maintaining methods used by gliders ultimately boils down to finding a place where the air around you is rising faster than you are falling, and hitching a ride. If you want, I could also go into the what a glider gets in the air in the first place, but this reply is already getting pretty long-winded. Thank you for reading, and if you have any other questions, feel free to ask away!
Thanks for the concept, but I'd like to know some math behind the lift force. Damping/drag forces are generally simplified to _F_ = _-bv_ for lower speeds. How much more complicated does the math get for other forms of friction through fluids?
Wow. I was so prepared to comment that the "faster over the top, air is spaced out" was a myth brought about by people "simplifying" until it was actually wrong. No, this video is both simple and accurate. It can be done. Hat's off to you Sir. This is the first explanation of how a plane flies that I've ever seen that is easy to understand AND correct. Many thanks from a 30 year pilot and physics enthusiast who's been embroiled in countless fruitless discussions with people who think they know but who don't.
Very nice video thanks for the knowledge!
You should do a video on the navier-stoke equations.
I enjoyed this video! Thank you!
That was great Henry! I was scared that you would start about that whole rendezvouz of air molecule nonsense, but this is way better explanation of something really complicated.
Great explanation
Thx so much minutephysics, u saved my life in my physics fair :D
It's simply astounding when one picks apart the science of flight!
beautifully explained.
oh oh do a video on whether or not running through the rain gets you wetter or keeps you dryer! I've heard various contradicting statements
Thank you very much this is really cool and helpful.
I actually kind of understood this! I'm so proud.
nice work man
thanks for help on sience project!
Thanks to Mr Arthur Shappey, Esq. of Fitton for the question!
Brilliant!
thanks for this informations; it is really use full for basics of being an airline pilot which I will become one day and I can not wait to get my first officer job.
I can see you having a working understanding of physics is a must and of course its making the whole video thing easier and faster... but still I dont think (know) you know everything, so you have to do some research, then I guess you write a script, and then the video animations, probably you use any of these user friendly video animation software and not something complicated like after effects but still.. man thats a lot of work for one video. kudos!! and also if it's not trouble can you tell me how many hours did you spend for doing for example this video?
I already knew all of this but the windcenption was cool!