Gerund & Participle difference (with examples) | Super grammar tips | Language with Ease/Exercises
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 16 ก.ย. 2024
- This rare video shows you nature of gerunds and participles and their difference and how to use the 'finger' rule when they begin sentences.
It will also show you the forms of 4 types of gerunds and their phrases in the active and passive voice. Lots of examples are given to understand it better. Watch the video several times, make notes and do the exercises given below. You will be unbeatable.
If your basic understanding is weak please watch our video Gerunds Infinitives Participles first. You will get excellent grounding on this concept, which is considered the most difficult one in English grammar.
Do buy Language with Ease grade 6 & 7 to practice advanced grammar exercises on Amazon or our website www.mindsprings.in Answer keys are available on kindle.
Exercises: (Please scroll down after you attempt the questions to check answers)
The answers will also get you to learn more. It will take time, so practice is the only way. Once learnt, the light from the learning will be amazing.
A. Underline/ Indentify the gerunds and participles (and their phrases) in the following sentences. State if the gerunds are subject, object, complement, object of preposition or following a possessive adjective. State which of the 4 types of gerund they are. State if the participles are adverbial or adjectival.
1. Apologising for your faults makes you stronger not weaker.
2. Watching the sunset, Sneha thought about her caring grandmother.
3. Having quit chain smoking, Mr. Mehta began telling his friends to stop smoking.
4. Standing on the porch Samir wondered how to reject the distressing proposal.
5. Salman was proud of having donated all his property, staggering in its size, to charity.
6. The cows having grazed in the fields all day, were being readied for rest.
7. Being the class monitor was not as exciting as he thought it would be.
8. Rustom entered, having had his lunch, to start the urgent meeting.
9. Being taken to jail, the convict tried to hang himself.
10. After studying for law, Sukwinder decided to sit for the IAS exams.
11. Having been told many times, and yet disobeying orders seems to have become a habit with the inmates.
12. Indumati gave cooking exotic dishes a try that summer.
13. The teacher taught us writing in various genres.
14. Being spanked constantly in the past made the students resentful and resistent.
15. His picking of fights with the neighbours, earned Sam a terrible reputation.
16. He regretted having applied for the job in the village.
B. The following stems can be used as subjects, objects, complements, or objects of prepostions. You can use them at the beginning, middle or end of the sentences you make. Please use the same stems to make gerunds and participles. Please put your answers in the comments section.
1. Quitting your job.....
2. Barking at the stranger....
3. Gardening all day in the sun....
4. Being alert at night....
5. Having been punished before.....
6. Being found in the tunnel.......
Answers to A. given below (scroll)
1. Apologising for your faults - gerund phrase (subject of the verb 'makes')
2. Watching the sunset - participle phrase (reduction from: Sneha who was watching...)
caring (adjective)
3. Having quit chain smoking - perfect participle (Mr. Mehta who had quit smoking)
telling his friend - gerund phrase (object of the verb 'began')
to stop smoking - gerund (object of the infinitive 'to stop')
4. Standing on the porch - participle phrase (reduction Samir who was standing....)
distressing (adjective)
5. of having donated - perfect gerund (object of preposition 'of')
staggering in its size (adjective phrase describing the noun 'property' - reduction of 'which was staggering.....)
6. Having grazed in the fields all day - perfect participle phrase (reduction - which had grazed in the fields all day )
7. Being the class monitor - gerund phrase (subject of the verb 'was')
exciting - complement of the verb 'was'
8. having had his lunch - perfect participle phrase (reduced adverbial - after he had had his lunch)
9. Being taken (by)- participle passive (reduced from - the convict who was taken to jail by)
10. After studying law - participle phrase (reduced from the adverbial 'after he had studied law)
11. Having been told many times (by) - perfect gerund phrase passive (subject of the verb 'seems')
and disobeying orders - gerund within the perfect gerund phrase) Here the word disobeying is not an adjective.
12. cooking exotic dishes - gerund phrase (indirect object of the verb 'gave') gave what? a try. gave a try to what? cooking.....
13. writing in various genres - gerund (direct object of the verb 'taught')
14. Being spanked constantly in the past (by) - gerund phrase passive (subject of the verb 'made')
15. picking of fights - gerund phrase - noun to the possessive adjective 'his' (subject of the verb 'earned')
16. having applied for the job - perfect gerund (object of the verb 'regretted')
You are the greatest teacher. Your teaching is the most instructive.
Wow, thank you!
Ma'am, please do check and give your feedback on the completed task below.
Quitting your job, you landed on a happening job portal. (Quitting your job- participle phrase, happening - part of the gerund phrase and the object of the preposition of)
Quitting your job is not recommended in such economically turbulent times. (Quitting your job- gerund phrase and subject of the verb is)
I tried all the other stems too, forming gerund and participle phrases with them, and had incredible fun topped up with a paradoxical sense of feeling humbled and confident at the same time... I appreciate the amazing experience, your passionate endeavour and the infectious energy you exude.🎉🎉🎉❤❤❤
Excellent work. You have cracked it. Proud of you.
@@TheMindspringsEnglishTeacher Replying to each comment. Respect from Tamilnadu Mam. Quality and Respect ❤❤
Excellent guides for differentiating between gerunds and participles. Thank you!
Yes they work very well, don't they?
Wow !! Incredible, indeed you are a life saver mom
😊 thank you. Glad it was helpful.
I saw your video for the first time ma'am and I must say that you are awesome.
Your style of clarifying the doubt is amazing.
Thank you so much ma'am 🙏
Thank you so much 🙂
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Glad to hear that my videos are helping. Thank you for this generous comment. I am sure Writing with Ease will help greatly.
U r a great teacher ma'am..
Thanks a lot
Hi I found your vidoes accidentlly, and these are very informative and very easy way to explain. I will listen again and again....i am very happy.
Wonderful! Glad you like them.
Plenty of takeaways.. thanks a ton! Ma'am 🎉🎉🎉❤❤❤
Most welcome
Nicely explained....
Thank you 🙂
Thank you for your wonderful explanation on gerund phrases. I love it and I will buy a book.
You are so welcome!
Ma'am ,your explanation is amazing
Thanks a lot 😊
Ma'am you are truly a inspiration. Just love to watch your videos . I'll recommend your videos to all . I'm also a English teacher but my dream to be a teacher like you. Please share a video on how to teach poetry very well .
Thank you so much. I have done several videos on poetry. Please go to my playlist and you will find them. My book Writing with Ease has an extensive section on poetry. If you are a teacher, that is a book you must possess. Available on Amazon and our website www.mindsprings.in
Mam please start from treasure chest and julius caesar
Ma'am you mentioned after preposition definitely the ing word, will be a noun. You also mentioned that in a adverbial type of sentence, we can insert after, before the ing verb and see.
Ma'am I am confused.. After and before are prepositions too.
Pl help me with these two sentences.
After playing the tabla, Ali was happy.
What is playing here????
After is what a preposition or gerund???
Before Eating, I always wash my hands.
Eating is what gerund or participle???
Before is what preposition or conjunction??
Pl help.
One request... Pl when u say adjective type, adverbial type... Pl give more examples.
Thank u ma'am.. God bless..
Immense gratitude for your wonderful explanation.
@@TheMindspringsEnglishTeacher mam please start from julius caesar work shop
I'm a new subscriber of your vedios. I have really amazed and inspired by your way of teaching. I pay great reverence to you dear ma'am.
Thanks and welcome.
Fabulous teaching and tests
👌
Thanks a lot 😊
Nice explanation... I loved your way of teaching....mind blowing
Thanks a ton
Oo
0
Phenomenal explanation
Thanks Kavitha
Excellent teacher
Thank you! 😃
Namastey Mam
Understanding ur lessons very well, as u come up with so many example mam. I shall do watch few more times n practice sentence given in the description.
I hv a request plz do a lesson on 'Conditional' sentences (If clauses)
Mam one more request ur teaching board is some what clearly not visible, if can done smthg then ...or its ok mam
tq Mam 🙏
All the best. Yes I am aware of the board problem. I am going to use a better pen. But it is certainly visible. :))) If I can see it with my myopic eyes at 68, I am sure you can too.
Thank you ma'am. I have a doubt. You mentioned in this video that having + V3 & having been + V3 are perfect gerunds. Are they perfect gerunds or perfect participles?
Yes, correct. Whether they are gerunds or participles will depend on the work they are doing in a sentence. If you can replace with something/it/this then it is a gerund or perfect gerund. If it is describing the noun and you can expand the sentence by adding 'who was' before the -ing word it is a participle or perfect participle. No confusion.
Mahan Guru
Shukriya
very well explained mam, kindly continue this series ... thanks alot.
You are most welcome.
Plz do some more videos of gerunds nd participles containing more examples
Have you done the exercises? Only practice helps.
th-cam.com/video/YDnoe6fyp6w/w-d-xo.html
Ma'am, when we talk about participles, can we also say that participles apart from functioning as adjectives, show ongoing action, for eg, the lady, talking on the phone, crossed the road??
Yes. Watch this video. th-cam.com/video/Fx1hYVrpqsA/w-d-xo.html
superb .Thanks a loy
Welcome
Excellent Explanation maam!!
Thanks a lot. Glad you liked it.
You are very great👍👏
I watch your videos
Please teach one session about
Relative Close 😍😍
Thank you for watching. I have done clauses in this one
th-cam.com/video/HFxvzvYcTic/w-d-xo.html
Relative clauses is another name for adjective clauses.
Kindly give the links of your books... which one Should I buy because I am always eager to learn English more and more ... I am a teacher...
If you are a teacher, you should look at doing my books with your students. My books are available on Amazon and our website www.mindsprings.in One book you must have is Writing with Ease.
Mam, Is every noun gerund? What's the difference between noun and gerund. Oversleeping is noun?
Yes a gerund is a noun. Speciality or difference is that gerund always ends in -ing (and has no helping verb) Oversleeping is a noun. 'is oversleeping' is a verb.
@@TheMindspringsEnglishTeacher thank you mam
@@TheMindspringsEnglishTeacher Mam, In the sentence" the cat is oversleeping" , here oversleeping? Gerund or participle
@@s.shanmugapriya9622 The cat is oversleeping. Here oversleeping is an adjective describing the cat. The verb 'is' here is a linker and takes an adjective or participle. But if I were to say: The cat has been oversleeping all year long. clearly the verb is has been oversleeping. Let's take running. The cat is running on the road. vs The cat running off with the fish. The first is a verb showing action. The second is a participle reduced from 'which was'.
@@TheMindspringsEnglishTeacher thank you mam!!
Madum i need all your detailed vedios
Go to my playlist on this channel. You will find all.
Ma, you said your books are in amanzon, but I can't find this your Language with Ease there?
It is on Amazon. Also on our website: www.mindsprings.in The answer keys are on Kindle.
Is your book "Language With Ease" just grammar exercises? Does it include Grammar instructions and Rules?
Grammar is learnt by doing not by definitions and rules. That is why 99% of the people including teachers and native speakers, can't do grammar. Language with Ease uses a spiral curriculum pedagogy and works at the sentence not the word level. This is how it works.
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In addition, to grammar you do vocabulary, oral work and writing. Only then is grammar useful and permanent.
Thank you for answering. I appreciate.
Awesome
Glad you like it.
Ma'am, I have a doubt. In the sentence "His worst habit was sleeping", was (helping verb) comes before sleeping. So how will it be a gerund?
You need to watch the video again. If 'was helping' is verb then it will appear that the subject of the verb 'habit' was the one who was sleeping. Here sleeping is a complement. If I say His worst habit is ..... It is incomplete. I need a noun to complete it. Sleeping is that noun and therefore a gerund. I can substitute it with 'something' or 'that'.
@@TheMindspringsEnglishTeacher Ok👍
What if you run into 2 verbs? If run into 2 verbs how do you tell if Gerund or not?
Please answer if happen to review this much, much later if ever. Thanks ahead of time. Eva
run into two verbs? Give me an example.
Overseeing the yard is difficult to do. Here are the 2 verbs" is" and "difficult" example you asked for.
You are the best!!! Thank you so much.
Eva Hart
Your Student
A better example maybe you want ?
Playing The Piano can and is enjoyable to do.
Is enjoyable and can are the two verbs. I will appreciate when you answer. Eva Hart
He was became or he became ?
he became. was became is wrong.
I also noticed this.
Making mistakes is normal.
Acceptable 😂
How much are your cds in dollars.they are listed in ruppis.
That is because I am in India. They are not cds but books.
Ma'am can you send your Direct and indirect speech class
I haven't done one yet. Will do soon.
Mam
How can i get the book
Is it available in amazon
Yes my books are available on Amazon and on our website www.mindsprings.in Answer keys can be purchased on kindle.
Madam,please mention your books in comment box with proce
Go to our website www.mindsprings.in and check out all our books. Some can be purchased on Amazon too.
Mam What is this a gerund or participle
John was angry at Alice trying to lie to her.
I assume you are asking about the word 'trying' here. First of all, angry at is wrong, use angry with.
What you actually mean is John was angry with Alice for trying to lie to her. The preposition 'for' is dropped but implied. Now it is easy to see that it is a gerund. (object of preposition).
Thanks
I saw an old man crossing the road. Now my quarry is whether "crossing the road" is adverbial phrase or adjectival one. Please make me understand.
Is 'crossing the road' describing the noun (man) or the verb (saw)?
which man? - adjective - crossing the road
saw what? man (noun)
when where why how? - does not answer to questions put to the verb, hence not adverb.
the man who was crossing the road (reduced to a participle phrase 'crossing the road') hence adjectival.
Always ask questions to the noun for adj and to the verb for adv.
@@TheMindspringsEnglishTeacher thank you ma'am to make me understand. The way you clear the things is excellent. But my problem is that I take the things otherwise. For example , if I would say "I saw an old man when he was crossing the road., instead of, I saw an old man who was crossing the road." Now it seems to me that "crossing the road" phrase may be considered as adjective as well as adverbial also. Am I thinking right or wrong? Please clear.
was sleeping is a finite verb how can it be a gerund
'His worst habit was not sleeping at night.'
Is the verb 'was' or 'was sleeping'?
Let us say you are right and we say the verb is 'was sleeping'. We need to ask what is the subject of this verb? What was sleeping? His worst habit? no. See it has no subject.
Now take 'was' as verb. What was? His worst habit. Was what? not sleeping at night. His worst habit was something (gerund substitution). Noun phrase (not sleeping at night) Gerund phrase.
Hope it is clear not. When in doubt about a verb always look for its subject.
1.
• You were prudent in quitting your job. quitting your job - gerund phrase (object of preposition 'in')
• Quitting your job has made you restless. quitting your job - gerund phrase Subject of the verb 'has' can be replaced by something, it, this or that.
• Quitting your job was the best decision you've made. quitting your job - gerund phrase Subject of the verb 'was' can be replaced by something, it, this or that.
• After quitting your job, you will be happier, healthier, and more aligned with your goals or values. quitting your job - participle phrase reduced from (after you quit your job)
2.
• Through distraction, you can keep your dog from barking at the stranger. barking at the stranger - gerund phrase (object of preposition 'from')
• Robert noticed his dog barking at the stranger. barking at the stranger - participle phrase (adjectival reduction the dog who was barking at the stranger.....)
• Barking at the stranger, the trained dog was unleashed by the police officer to sniff the luggage for illegal drugs. barking at the stranger - participle phrase (adjectival reduction the dog who was barking at the stranger.....)
3.
• Gardening all day in the sun has consumed all my energy. gardening all day in the sun - gerund phrase Subject of the verb 'has' can be replaced by something, it, this or that.
• Gardening all day in the sun makes me very tired. gardening all day in the sun - gerund phrase Subject of the verb 'makes' can be replaced by something, it, this or that.
• Gardening all day in the sun, I went to bed early. gardening all day in the sun - participle phrase (adjectival reduction I who was gardening in the sun went to bed early) or adverbial reduction (after spending all day in the sun, I went to bed early)
4.
• Being alert at night is just not a possibility for me while travelling. being alert at night - perfect gerund phrase passive Subject of the verb 'is' can be replaced by something, it, this or that. travelling - participle
• Being alert at night made her apparently uncomfortable. being alert at night - perfect gerund phrase Subject of the verb 'made' can be replaced by something, it, this or that.
• Being alert at night, the guard went to sleep the next morning. being alert (by) - participle phrase passive (reduced from the guard who was alert at night) or adverbial reduction (after being alert at night, the guard went to sleep the next morning)
5.
• The boy denied having been punished before. having been punished before (by) - gerund phrase passive (used as direct object)
• Having been punished before was the reason he became disciplined in his life.
having been punished before (by) - gerund phrase passive (subject of the verb 'was')
• She recalls having been punished many times by her stepfather. having been punished (by) - gerund phrase passive = She recalls that she had been punished/was punished many times by her stepfather.
• Having been punished before, John knew that discipline was important. having been punished before - past participle phrase (adjectival reduction John who was punished .....) = John knew that discipline was important because/as/since he was punished before.
6.
• They talked about the drugs being found in the tunnel. being found in the tunnel - perfect gerund phrase passive (used as direct object)
• The iPhone being found in the tunnel has saved me from a great deal of trouble. being found in the tunnel - participle phrase reduction from 'which was being found in the tunnel'. Adjectival describing the iPhone.
• After being found in the tunnel, the puppy was happy to reunite with her owner. after being found in the tunnel - participle phrase (adverbial reduction after the puppy had been found)
Superb. The first 3 are super impressive.
You are still having problems with the perfect gerund and gerund difference.
In 4. Being alert is not a perfect gerund. It is a gerund phrase.
Think of perfect gerund as a continuous tense of have (having) immediately followed by a past participle of the verb. If passive you will have the verb 'to be' in past participle as well e.g. Having been + verb in pp (alert).
Note: The word 'alert' is not a verb, it is an adjective. So where is your past participle? Being alert is plain gerund/ or participle.
In 5. you got the perfect gerund passive absolutely correct.
In 6. again the perfect gerund passive would be 'having been found' not 'being found'. The perfect gerund active would be 'having found'.
Good work.
I am doing a 2 day workshop on grammar. Will teach you stuff you never considered before as you seem super interested. So do register on our website www.mindsprings.in
@@TheMindspringsEnglishTeacher All thanks to you, ma'am. I have learned a lot from your channel. It's like gaining mastery over the topic when you are explaining.
Ma please I Really what to spell words please I need your help ma🙏🙏🙏 I Love your Teaching
Here you go: th-cam.com/video/tJwgNE8un5A/w-d-xo.html
Was sleeping in the fifth sentence isn't it a verb???
The verb in the sentence His worst habit was sleeping is 'was' not 'was sleeping'. Let me explain.
What is the subject of 'was sleeping'? Who is the doer? Is it His habit? Was the habit sleeping? So that is wrong.
But if you say His habit was.... we have a subject and a verb. It is incomplete. We need sleeping to complete the sense. Hence sleeping is complement. We can substitute it with: His habit was terrible/ addictive/ annoying etc. Hope this is clear. when in doubt ask whether your verb (as action) is connected to the subject.
@@TheMindspringsEnglishTeacher awesome explanation mam💓
Telling lies will not help him
He was punished for coming late
Children learn reading and writing at school
plss tell me their are
gerund or participle and howw?????????😢😢
Substitute with 'something'. If it works, it's a gerund.
Don't mak shortcuts
not mak but take
U r a great teacher ma'am...........
Thanks a lot