I am currently studying physics. Whenever the workload becomes too overwhelming, I watch one of your videos; it feels like taking a step back and realising my love for physics all over again. Thank you, Diana. I really appreciate these videos.
step back is right! hopefully you are learning something more reality based, not this old standard model about how stars are formed by gravity. Try Thunderbolts, Wal Thornhill, Future Science video on TH-cam.. will blow your mind.
Physics Girl's enthusiasm for knowledge and science is wonderful - literally pulls me out of feeling blue and gets me excited about learning. Great channel!
@@eddievanhorn5497 I agree that sporks should go with spoons and I feel like I have a really good reason for it. If you try to stack a spork with a spoon, they would fit together just like two spoons. However, you cannot stack a spork and a fork in the same way you could stack two forks or a spoon and a spork. Therefore, it would make most sense to put a spork with the spoons. Thank you for coming to my Ted Talk!
Does any one know how to answer this question. When they say stay is 9 light years away is that based on time here on earth or the subject traveling. So let’s say I wanted to go the star at 99% the seep do light. So that’s slightly more than 9 years. But since time will dilate is the 9+ years what my twin would experience on earth or should di experience that while traveling. If you know the answer please email me at tonyenglish@me.com.
Sometimes it's arbitrarily decided that 13 Jupiter masses is the threshold for a "failed star" to qualify as a brown dwarf, because this is enough mass for the object to sustain *deuterium* fusion (not protium, hydrogen-1). Brown dwarfs above about 65 Jupiters in mass also fuse Lithium, and the red dwarf cutoff is something like 78-80 Jupiters. Red dwarfs at the very low mass end today (#Trappist-1) are very similar to the high mass brown dwarfs because most of their hydrogen hasn't fused yet, although they do stay warmer and have stellar activity (e.g. flares). Those red dwarfs are still barely larger than Jupiter (something SpaceEngine gets wrong!!).
Yeah that Jupiter one (assuming it is the 6" variant) costs £330 = $450 US! The price is on the size, not what it is of (i.e. jupiter, the moon etc), the 4.5" variants costs £170 = $230 US. They're very expensive! But very very cool how they work, using hidden solar cells using ambient light to produce microwatt range power! And then using Earths magnetic field (and magnets inside) to produce the torque needed for turning! Very cool!
I thought a little about this and I think there is a problem with the way the explantion works. Whoever played with a compass knows, that the actual torque by letting a magnet work against earths magnetic field is very weak. Having watched some other videos, these globes actually accelerate in my oppinion much to fast to the desired speed. I am not confident this is achievable by using the magnetic field. What happens instead is a simple conservation of angular momentum. The motor rotates in one direction while its fixture (which has low friction against the outer shell) rotates in the other direction. Actually no magnet is needed for that one. Just a heavy mass at the rotor of the motor. The same principle would make the fuselage of a helicopter turn in the opposite direction of the rotor, if it wasn't corrected by the means of eg a tail rotor. It would be interesting to see one of those globes without the painting to see, if the magnet actually stands still or if it is rotating. I am very confident that one would see it rotating thus showing that conservation of momentum is the dominant physical principle. Nevertheless those globes are really cool. If were not for the price tag ....
There are several problems with your ideas. A compass is slow because of it's short radii, it is built this way so that the point doesn't constantly swing past north in any appreciable amount, causing you issues in navigating. This makes it a poor subject for comparison here. Very little torque would be needed to cause something to spin at that speed...I mean minuscule amounts thanks to the severely reduced friction of the double shell. These things use power that is measured in microwatts. You are not going to power any traditional electric motor on microwatts. By the by, electric motors are generally natural and electro magnets working together to create torque. In your "no magnet" example, in reality many magnets would be required. Non-magnetic motors are a thing but require lots of power compared to a traditional motor so it kinda rules that out as well. By adding a heavy weight to the rotor shaft, you would slow the motor, causing it to require more power from the solar cells, and power is something this design is already short on. As for seeing it unpainted, they offer the technical data in a PDF. It contains all the actual physics that go into making these...for free.
Well, that's it. Sharing your channel with our science department here in an Indonesian primary school. Your content will help encourage so many of our young students to explore science, especially the young girls. Thanks!
This is simultaneously mind blowing and intuitive. Everything is matter, so the idea that there is a celestial body between a gas giant and a star makes sense to me. I mean, we don't actually know all the ways planets and stars are formed to begin with. Aren't gas giants one of the big mysteries too? It would be so awesome if we could figure it out completely but it might not ever be answered. Space is wild.
Natalie Batalha was also at that conference in 1995, go talk to her about the Kepler Telescope and finding exoplanets! Say hi to Simone, we all want her to get well soon!
zapfanzapfan My gut tells me that Simone is going to be OK and my gut is seldomly wrong especially when she has so many people rooting and praying for her and my gut say mass prayer and rooting works, beside it couldn't hurt either.
Michael Brown You cannot dispute the placebo effect or the belief in prayer it is absolutely true that faith gives hope and comfort and who the hell are you to take that away from anyone especially someone in pain.
One things I specifically find cool about brown dwarfs is how the lack of fusion means that energy isn't pushing the body outward, so it kind of just compresses itself and settles at a Jupiter volume.
Supposedly increasing Jupiter's mass by 3 would ignite the Hydrogen and create a new star. That suggests that a brown dwarf is an 'almost ignited star, a glowing coal.
I'd like to see you go deeper on this topic. Please say more about the specific boundaries between 1) stars and brown dwarfs. Do brown dwarfs do hydrogen fusion, but not enough for the light to get out in the visible spectrum? Do they do fusion during parts of their lives or not at all? Why is methane proof an object is a brown dwarf and not a star? 2) brown dwarfs and gas giants. What are potential distinctions? What generates the heat that brown dwarfs emit? I've heared that Jupiter actually emits more radiation than it receives; if so, where does that come from? What does it say about the boundary between brown dwarfs and gas giants? Some of your viewers want to know more specifics!
Hello, Dianna! First off, your "Sad Pluto" cracked me up. 😂 Secondly, I was wondering if you could provide some information on the distinction between Brown Dwarves and Hot Jupiters. I understand that part of the point of the video was to show that scientists have a hard time classifying Brown Dwarves, but I was just wondering about the similarities and differences between them and Hot Jupiters. Thanks again for delivering another great video! Happy physicsing! 😊
I figure the exact rules for brown dwarf will always be elusive. You have two opposite poles -- gas giants and stars -- on a spectrum, and the properties gradient across that spectrum. Brown dwarfs are the nebulous region in the middle and there will never be a hard boundary, and that's honestly fine.
Physics Girl consistently produces engaging and informative videos, combining scientific concepts with a creative and accessible approach. Her content not only educates but also inspires curiosity about the wonders of physics. I LUV IT SO MUCH..❤❤❤
I think it was in Gamera vs Guiron that the kid kept calling the planet a star. I blame him. But he imagined a world with no wars or traffic accidents. Well, the more you learn the more you realize how much you don’t know.
Excellent as usual! It's channels like this and people like you that make me think that we still have a chance. #STEM. Thank you! Potential video: How celestial navigation and the clock and sailing changed the world in only the way you can explain it.
Simple rule: if fusion is occurring due to compression of matter by gravity, then it is a star (regardless of what is being fused or the rate). If not, then not a star.
Since when does the Earth have enough mass to cause fusion? Earth's core is mostly iron and nickel, hot from friction due to compression by gravity, not fusion.
@Voidsworn The problem then becomes one of deciding at what level of fusion, the "brown dwarf" title will be bestowed - and how to measure it. There is a continuum between gas giants and brown dwarfs, and different measurement techniques may give conflicting answers. There are also good reasons for requiring hydrogen fusion, specifically, to qualify an object as a star. Regarding the earth's core heat, it's not entirely due to gravitational compression. That energy would have dissipated eons ago. Much of the geothermal heat today is from nuclear fission and decay.
Correct, fission/radioactive decay contributes to the Earth's core heat...still not fusion. Then you have already given a requirement, hydrogen fusion, therefore any celestial body with insufficient mass to fuse hydrogen is not a star (specifically hydrogen, not its isotopes). As measuring is refined, some objects that were considered one thing may then be considered the other or when such bodies cease fusion then they are categorized something else.
Voidsworn: if fission DOES contribute to the Earth's core heat... then it is likely only a matter of time before fusion is also something that happens. As you can only split the atom so many times, before the material is light enough that an object with the force of gravity that would be present at the Earth's core would result in some amounts of Fusion happening. Going even further: there were points in Earth's history that the core DID operate on Fusion. One possible conjecture as to the origin of the moon, was it got blasted off the Earth by a particularly powerful Core-Fusion blast. Fossil records for life on Earth support the "Earth was really radioactive" notion--and further confirmation would require digging REALLY deep into the moon, to see if further fossil records could be found there (as right now, the moon is more Space Dust gathered from other orbiting objects--and any of the original Earth material that was not blown off by the solar winds would be extremely deep inside the moon). On my "Moon was part of the Earth until it was launched off" notion--the biggest way to prove this would be to find fossil records deep under the lunar surface. The only way to disprove it would be to blow up the moon in a way that the internal parts could be recovered with fossil evidence but there be zero traces of fossil evidence (which would have it more just "highly unlikely the Moon was part of the Earth") Either way--the scale to fuse hydrogen is small enough that certain isotopes (which are still hydrogen) can be fused in proposed faculties that can be built on Earth... just nobody has gotten a municipal council to clear up the zoning requirements for something like that (there are also further laws, beyond Zoning laws that are in the way as well). Yes--the scale would put it on par with a large hadron collider--but even our biggest collider is smaller than Earth itself. By several factors. Yes--on the surface of Earth--we have to apply all kinds of pressure--but the surface of the Earth is quite a bit higher up on the gravity well than the core--and has a sufficiently different... "atmospheric pressure" (dirt and rocks can be atmosphere, correct? xD)... and if it is possible to perform fusion up here with stuff the local hairless monkeys have access to... I have my doubts that the Earth is not able to have it occur at that level--as down there the Earth is able to do things the surface hairless monkey population has not been able to perform with machines yet. The main reason it is Fission and not Fusion is Nickel and Iron require a higher level of force to push together than Hydrogen does. Give it enough time, that fission reaction will have created enough material of a light enough weight, that some amount of Fusion can happen. -=- Maybe the line between planet and star should be held on the explosive levels of running out of fusion fuel. Yes... the Earth might have launched the Moon into space--but that was a reaction close to the surface. When the Sun runs out of fuel, our understanding is it will go Nova. Like how a certain amount of gunpowder will have a cardboard tube get bend out of shade and release smoke... and another certain amount of gunpowder will make a nice show that you need to remember to stand a bit far away from (trying to ride it to catch Roadrunners is ill advised). In this case--it is more the life cycle... if running out of Fusion Fuel has it go into a Nebula form--or if running out of Fusion Fuel has it be a rock suspended in the void eternally. Possibly racing by some of its friends... possible racing alone knowing groups of friends are nearby... but suspended in the void none the less.
I've never stalked anyone in my life - but if I were 30 (again) I'd find a way to meet Physics Girl. To me, she is attractive in so many different ways.
Dianna, you're the best person on TH-cam to test this: did you know if you place two pieces of tape colored with a blue sharpie and one colored with a purple one over your phone's flash, you can make a rudimentary blacklight?
Here’s a cool sciencey thing you can try. You know the remote control you use to control your TV or other devices? They communicate using infrared light. Like Dianna said, we can’t see infrared light, but the camera in your phone probably does. Turn your cell camera on and point your remote control at the camera and push a button. You will see the infrared light in the remote start flashing. This works on almost all Android phones but may only work on an iPhone selfie camera. Have fun! Amaze your friends!
The blurry line between planet and star is not as surprising as the blurry line between atom and star (neutron stars) And do not get me started about black holes.
Black holes do not exist. The objects being mistaken for black holes are collapsars. Our Universe is a collapsar, in that it is the non-relativistic movement of galactic clusters towards each other that distorts space to the extent that they are relativistically moving away from each other.
Except there is no proof that nuclear fusion occurs in stars. Electric stars are closer to actual science. www.thunderbolts.info/wp/2018/05/17/anode-glow-2/
the black holes would then be collapsars within a collapsar, but it really doesn't matter what you call them they remain objects with a higher escape velocity than light speed.
That grey area between a planet and a star and the difficulties of describing it remind me a lot of the difference between living and dead. I don't think we have yet fundamentally defined what life really is; everything is really just made of of the same non-living particles all following the same physical laws, so what makes life special in relation to stars or planets or other highly complex processes?
WOW...I collect clocks....watches....work on springs....BUT I HAVE NEVER EXPERIENCED a spring wound up with AS MUCH ENERGY AS YOU....more please....Thank You....tm
When I read the title "The Most MYSTERIOUS Object in the Universe", the first thing came to my mind was "The Earth" ...hmmm ..I find others a bit non-responsive ... :)
I tend to think, that the universe simply does not care of what we call things. The whole issue with "dwarf planet" versus "planet" is completely man made. We just like to categorize things and try to come up with definitions on how this categorization has to work. But reality doesn't care about our definitions and just presents objects for which our man made definitions fail miserably.
There are very few u tubers who make a difference and hard to find something interesting to watch. Not Bad show, i have subscribed look forward to seeing more.
AlphaxAlex (This comment is two days later than yours) Wow you must be old School cos the ideas of atoms has gone like the dinosaurs. Lol This late in the week we are way past the wave functions etc and on to gluons, hluons and iluons. Next week all these will be replaced by the information that we have collected from the very end of the observable universe, we call this area the. . . E.D.G.E (Exotic, Dark, Graviton, Energy). I am going to go out on a limb here and predict that the E.D.G.E is going to be the limits to our knowledge, cos it doesn’t take much working out that the only possible outcome there is if we try and go further is going to be . . . The . . . Aaaaaaarrrrrrhhhhh 😆
AlphaxAlex lol 😆Truthfully though what I find amazing is the more we find out tells us that there is even more to find out . Hmmmh I think there must be a paradox there cos ultimately the more we find out then the LESS we actually know. Quick, quick I better name the paradox . . . Erm well all I got off the tip of my tongue is a reference to the debuckle that was Trump university, now that was definitely a case of the more you learned about it then the more screwed you knew you was. So in reference to . . . The more you learn, the less you know. I name this . . . . . . . . The tRump Paradox (this should not be confused with . . . Trump, Make America Bankrupt, Like Everything Else He Has Touched Lol 😂
You're so adorable. I just wish I could sit down with you and share my theories and hear your thoughts. I have a masters degree in electronics engineering, but my love is science.
Just a thought: I guess Dianna you would be a Feynman (or more) if you become an active researcher in physics! I would say Feynman would be very pleasing to meet you if possible! Congrats on your success in popularizing and teaching physics too!
You guys need to decide exactly what a brown dwarf is. Otherwise you're setting yourselves up for another Pluto episode, having to demote some poor almost brown dwarf because you took too long to define the term.
People talk about Pluto... but never mention Ceres or Vulcan... though Vulcan's orbit highly likely decayed and Vulcan fell into the sun... That is the true tragedy--that nobody seems to remember what happened to Ceres...
Diana, I really enjoy your show. You guys cover interesting topics and your charm and enthusiasm make it fun to watch and learn. Since I can remember, I have been interested in a wide range subjects, fields, information, knowledge, and wisdom. Science has always been near the top of that long list. Just like most, I quickly soak up anything taught to me in this area. Especially, when it comes to such intriguing fields as Astronomy, Astrophysics, Cosmology, Biology, Botany, etc. About 5 or 6 years ago, I stumbled upon an Electric Model of how the universe works as an alternative to the current widely accepted standard model of the universe which is what students are still taught in school these days. A few examples of how these models differ: An electric model points to stars and planetary bodies acting as anodes & cathodes supplying the ginormous amount of energy coming from stars through what is called a Birkeland Current, while the standard model's heavy reliance on gravity causes atomic fusion in the core of stars supplying this huge source of energy through convection to the surface and radiating beyond. I like to think of sunspots as similar to a pupil of an eye where we can peer deeper into the sun. Observations have shown significantly cooler temperatures through sunspots in comparison to the corona. This would seem unlikely if constant fusion or convection where at hand in supplying all this light and energy. I have found the Thunderbolts Project to be the greatest source of information, research, and experimentation of an electric model of the universe. Check it out! It is very interesting, interdisciplinary, and simply makes a lot of sense. th-cam.com/video/XadqnsNFjoo/w-d-xo.html PS: I think you'll enjoy it
Although I am not an expert in this field , I was wondering , whether infrared signal is enough to detect a brown dwarf. So here is what I think : The emission spectrum of usual stars mostly deviates from blackbody spectrum because of lots of weird stuff going on in them other than thermal emission but in the case of brown dwarfs, since there is no nuclear fusion and the density not enough to make weird stuffs happen , I think it is safe to assume brown dwarf as a blackbody and then its lambda max(wavelength at maximum emission) can be used to calculate temperature . So basically to confirm that some body is a brown dwarf , it is important to analyse the whole spectrum and then match it with blackbody spectrum.
The video was great and as it contains some of the astrophysics things which gave it an great enchantment.Try making stuffs related to astrophysics{outside the world} thermodynamics would be great.
![ILLSLICK - KILLSHOT REMIX [FULL VERSION]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/RIK8RrqIAzE/mqdefault.jpg)
I am currently studying physics. Whenever the workload becomes too overwhelming, I watch one of your videos; it feels like taking a step back and realising my love for physics all over again. Thank you, Diana. I really appreciate these videos.
you go girl xD
What a great comment
step back is right! hopefully you are learning something more reality based, not this old standard model about how stars are formed by gravity. Try Thunderbolts, Wal Thornhill, Future Science video on TH-cam.. will blow your mind.
Her enthusiasm is infectious, isn't it?
Perfect example of the ignorant leading the gullible.
Your enthusiasm and love for all things physics is so infectious. Thanks, Dianna.
Physics Girl's enthusiasm for knowledge and science is wonderful - literally pulls me out of feeling blue and gets me excited about learning. Great channel!
It's always heartwarming to find people totally in love with the stuff they do
she's a liar. not one image of space exists that is not computer generated. she's lying to you.
It's like that scene from WALL-E where he brings home a spork and can't decide to put it with the spoons or forks.
(He should've put it with the spoons!) Argument inbound.
@@eddievanhorn5497 agreed, i put sporks with spoons lol
Great movie.
@@eddievanhorn5497 I agree that sporks should go with spoons and I feel like I have a really good reason for it. If you try to stack a spork with a spoon, they would fit together just like two spoons. However, you cannot stack a spork and a fork in the same way you could stack two forks or a spoon and a spork. Therefore, it would make most sense to put a spork with the spoons.
Thank you for coming to my Ted Talk!
Does any one know how to answer this question. When they say stay is 9 light years away is that based on time here on earth or the subject traveling. So let’s say I wanted to go the star at 99% the seep do light. So that’s slightly more than 9 years. But since time will dilate is the 9+ years what my twin would experience on earth or should di experience that while traveling. If you know the answer please email me at tonyenglish@me.com.
I'm a science teacher in a middle school in Ashburn, VA ...if you want to do a school talk!...WE WOULD LOVE TO HAVE YOU!!!!
ask her at what altitude everything in space automatically turns into CGI.
Sometimes it's arbitrarily decided that 13 Jupiter masses is the threshold for a "failed star" to qualify as a brown dwarf, because this is enough mass for the object to sustain *deuterium* fusion (not protium, hydrogen-1).
Brown dwarfs above about 65 Jupiters in mass also fuse Lithium, and the red dwarf cutoff is something like 78-80 Jupiters.
Red dwarfs at the very low mass end today (#Trappist-1) are very similar to the high mass brown dwarfs because most of their hydrogen hasn't fused yet, although they do stay warmer and have stellar activity (e.g. flares). Those red dwarfs are still barely larger than Jupiter (something SpaceEngine gets wrong!!).
@@coopergates9680 where do you people come up with this fantastical nonsense?
@@mustaffa1611 What are you, a flerfer? Or just messing with us?
@@coopergates9680 show me one video of space that is not computer generated. i'll bet you can't
I want that spinning jupiter u have! 😂 I'd be staring at it lost in space for hours. Please definitely do more astrophysics!
They're called mova globes. They cost hundreds each
New Message thanks I will certainly check them out!
Yeah that Jupiter one (assuming it is the 6" variant) costs £330 = $450 US! The price is on the size, not what it is of (i.e. jupiter, the moon etc), the 4.5" variants costs £170 = $230 US.
They're very expensive! But very very cool how they work, using hidden solar cells using ambient light to produce microwatt range power! And then using Earths magnetic field (and magnets inside) to produce the torque needed for turning! Very cool!
I thought a little about this and I think there is a problem with the way the explantion works.
Whoever played with a compass knows, that the actual torque by letting a magnet work against earths magnetic field is very weak. Having watched some other videos, these globes actually accelerate in my oppinion much to fast to the desired speed. I am not confident this is achievable by using the magnetic field.
What happens instead is a simple conservation of angular momentum. The motor rotates in one direction while its fixture (which has low friction against the outer shell) rotates in the other direction. Actually no magnet is needed for that one. Just a heavy mass at the rotor of the motor. The same principle would make the fuselage of a helicopter turn in the opposite direction of the rotor, if it wasn't corrected by the means of eg a tail rotor.
It would be interesting to see one of those globes without the painting to see, if the magnet actually stands still or if it is rotating. I am very confident that one would see it rotating thus showing that conservation of momentum is the dominant physical principle.
Nevertheless those globes are really cool. If were not for the price tag ....
There are several problems with your ideas. A compass is slow because of it's short radii, it is built this way so that the point doesn't constantly swing past north in any appreciable amount, causing you issues in navigating. This makes it a poor subject for comparison here.
Very little torque would be needed to cause something to spin at that speed...I mean minuscule amounts thanks to the severely reduced friction of the double shell. These things use power that is measured in microwatts. You are not going to power any traditional electric motor on microwatts. By the by, electric motors are generally natural and electro magnets working together to create torque. In your "no magnet" example, in reality many magnets would be required. Non-magnetic motors are a thing but require lots of power compared to a traditional motor so it kinda rules that out as well. By adding a heavy weight to the rotor shaft, you would slow the motor, causing it to require more power from the solar cells, and power is something this design is already short on.
As for seeing it unpainted, they offer the technical data in a PDF. It contains all the actual physics that go into making these...for free.
Well, that's it. Sharing your channel with our science department here in an Indonesian primary school. Your content will help encourage so many of our young students to explore science, especially the young girls. Thanks!
Physics Girl is super awesome! Thanks to her I’m starting to understand physics and other science subjects better than I used to! ❤️
Diana can make anything she talks about sound incredible!
She knows where to throw all of that excitement
Aaaah I love your videos so much, you helped me discover an interest in physics I had lost. ❤️φ
This is simultaneously mind blowing and intuitive. Everything is matter, so the idea that there is a celestial body between a gas giant and a star makes sense to me.
I mean, we don't actually know all the ways planets and stars are formed to begin with. Aren't gas giants one of the big mysteries too? It would be so awesome if we could figure it out completely but it might not ever be answered. Space is wild.
Natalie Batalha was also at that conference in 1995, go talk to her about the Kepler Telescope and finding exoplanets!
Say hi to Simone, we all want her to get well soon!
Kepler does not work in the infrared and uses the transit method for finding exoplanets.
Yes...
You should have went to the EU conference in August 2017.. they really explained a lot of things that conventional physics is clueless about!
zapfanzapfan My gut tells me that Simone is going to be OK and my gut is seldomly wrong especially when she has so many people rooting and praying for her and my gut say mass prayer and rooting works, beside it couldn't hurt either.
Michael Brown You cannot dispute the placebo effect or the belief in prayer it is absolutely true that faith gives hope and comfort and who the hell are you to take that away from anyone especially someone in pain.
2:16 So I'm a brown dwarf. I can't fuse hydrogen in my core.
Finally now we can diversify snow white
I literally meant what I said. Not sarcastic just saying
But have you tried?
Try the spicy falafel at the food truck I went to last week. Uuf
Your videos are the best!! They are so much fun to watch, and I always learn something new from them!!
so you learned brown dwarfs are computer generated and not one actual real photo of one exists.
One things I specifically find cool about brown dwarfs is how the lack of fusion means that energy isn't pushing the body outward, so it kind of just compresses itself and settles at a Jupiter volume.
Supposedly increasing Jupiter's mass by 3 would ignite the Hydrogen and create a new star. That suggests that a brown dwarf is an 'almost ignited star, a glowing coal.
Someone buy me that Jupiter model STAT
Put your hopes up it may gravitate towards you
They're called mova globes, and they cost a mint.
Just looked them up. between 300 € and 1.200 €. omg!
The Jupiter model is cool but what I want to know is where she got that shirt, I love the colors!
Me too
I'd like to see you go deeper on this topic. Please say more about the specific boundaries between 1) stars and brown dwarfs. Do brown dwarfs do hydrogen fusion, but not enough for the light to get out in the visible spectrum? Do they do fusion during parts of their lives or not at all? Why is methane proof an object is a brown dwarf and not a star? 2) brown dwarfs and gas giants. What are potential distinctions? What generates the heat that brown dwarfs emit? I've heared that Jupiter actually emits more radiation than it receives; if so, where does that come from? What does it say about the boundary between brown dwarfs and gas giants? Some of your viewers want to know more specifics!
That spinin' Jupiter on the desk......that's dope!
Hello, Dianna!
First off, your "Sad Pluto" cracked me up. 😂
Secondly, I was wondering if you could provide some information on the distinction between Brown Dwarves and Hot Jupiters. I understand that part of the point of the video was to show that scientists have a hard time classifying Brown Dwarves, but I was just wondering about the similarities and differences between them and Hot Jupiters.
Thanks again for delivering another great video! Happy physicsing! 😊
I love you physics girl, you are the coolest (maybe apart from simone giertz, but she is in a league of her own) but you are still really cool
osc m Simone is a brown dwarf... Physics gal is a star
@@shobhitkaul8076 That's why Simone is so interesting!
Snow white knows a lot of dwarfs, just talk to her. Problem solved.
None of them were brown nor black so it would be inherently biased.
😂😂😂😂
@@ungoyone 💀💀💀💀💀💀💀 OHHHHHHH MY
Oh... I thought this was gonna be about the recommended videos list...
haha
hello ewe
Your like everywhere..lol
I figure the exact rules for brown dwarf will always be elusive. You have two opposite poles -- gas giants and stars -- on a spectrum, and the properties gradient across that spectrum. Brown dwarfs are the nebulous region in the middle and there will never be a hard boundary, and that's honestly fine.
Hey Diana, your videos are awesome.
Physics Girl consistently produces engaging and informative videos, combining scientific concepts with a creative and accessible approach. Her content not only educates but also inspires curiosity about the wonders of physics. I LUV IT SO MUCH..❤❤❤
I think it was in Gamera vs Guiron that the kid kept calling the planet a star. I blame him. But he imagined a world with no wars or traffic accidents. Well, the more you learn the more you realize how much you don’t know.
Wal Thornhill's lovin' this
If you made a video with Destin, my life would be complete. You both like doing experiments!
Your enthusiasm is so endearing. You never fail to re-energize our excitement over physics and astronomy.
Hey Dianna- could you make a video about superconducting cyclotron particle accelerators?
Just found this channel... it's amazing.
can u make a video about 4th demension pls pls pls
Taj Šobot yes...yes..YEES!!
Hopefully she'll find the TIME to make a video on it!
Space-Time, 11 dimensions of String Theory! HELP, but yes, a video would be great...
Taj Šobot like his comment!
Are we in Ditzyland?
I like that Physics and giggles can go together in your channel!
I'm SOOO in love right now
Your excitement about space stuff makes me all warm and fuzzy inside. 😊
Hey where did you get that spinning Jupiter from? I want one.
You are a wonderful science presenter. Thankyou for making cutting edge physics so easily accessible to the masses.
try to find one picture of video of anything in space that isn't computer generated. I'll bet you can't
Excellent as usual! It's channels like this and people like you that make me think that we still have a chance. #STEM. Thank you!
Potential video: How celestial navigation and the clock and sailing changed the world in only the way you can explain it.
If I had a physics teacher as half good looking and enthusiastic as you, I would have learnt a lot more!
The Brown Dwarf was found in honor of my high school graduation. I told science i wanted something cool. They didn't disappoint.
😂😂😂
Super job! Keep up the Space Stuff. We are learning more all the time from great Physicists like your guest.
Simple rule: if fusion is occurring due to compression of matter by gravity, then it is a star (regardless of what is being fused or the rate). If not, then not a star.
Voidsworn then Earth is a star.
Since when does the Earth have enough mass to cause fusion? Earth's core is mostly iron and nickel, hot from friction due to compression by gravity, not fusion.
@Voidsworn
The problem then becomes one of deciding at what level of fusion, the "brown dwarf" title will be bestowed - and how to measure it. There is a continuum between gas giants and brown dwarfs, and different measurement techniques may give conflicting answers. There are also good reasons for requiring hydrogen fusion, specifically, to qualify an object as a star.
Regarding the earth's core heat, it's not entirely due to gravitational compression. That energy would have dissipated eons ago. Much of the geothermal heat today is from nuclear fission and decay.
Correct, fission/radioactive decay contributes to the Earth's core heat...still not fusion. Then you have already given a requirement, hydrogen fusion, therefore any celestial body with insufficient mass to fuse hydrogen is not a star (specifically hydrogen, not its isotopes). As measuring is refined, some objects that were considered one thing may then be considered the other or when such bodies cease fusion then they are categorized something else.
Voidsworn: if fission DOES contribute to the Earth's core heat... then it is likely only a matter of time before fusion is also something that happens. As you can only split the atom so many times, before the material is light enough that an object with the force of gravity that would be present at the Earth's core would result in some amounts of Fusion happening.
Going even further: there were points in Earth's history that the core DID operate on Fusion. One possible conjecture as to the origin of the moon, was it got blasted off the Earth by a particularly powerful Core-Fusion blast. Fossil records for life on Earth support the "Earth was really radioactive" notion--and further confirmation would require digging REALLY deep into the moon, to see if further fossil records could be found there (as right now, the moon is more Space Dust gathered from other orbiting objects--and any of the original Earth material that was not blown off by the solar winds would be extremely deep inside the moon).
On my "Moon was part of the Earth until it was launched off" notion--the biggest way to prove this would be to find fossil records deep under the lunar surface. The only way to disprove it would be to blow up the moon in a way that the internal parts could be recovered with fossil evidence but there be zero traces of fossil evidence (which would have it more just "highly unlikely the Moon was part of the Earth")
Either way--the scale to fuse hydrogen is small enough that certain isotopes (which are still hydrogen) can be fused in proposed faculties that can be built on Earth... just nobody has gotten a municipal council to clear up the zoning requirements for something like that (there are also further laws, beyond Zoning laws that are in the way as well). Yes--the scale would put it on par with a large hadron collider--but even our biggest collider is smaller than Earth itself. By several factors.
Yes--on the surface of Earth--we have to apply all kinds of pressure--but the surface of the Earth is quite a bit higher up on the gravity well than the core--and has a sufficiently different... "atmospheric pressure" (dirt and rocks can be atmosphere, correct? xD)... and if it is possible to perform fusion up here with stuff the local hairless monkeys have access to... I have my doubts that the Earth is not able to have it occur at that level--as down there the Earth is able to do things the surface hairless monkey population has not been able to perform with machines yet.
The main reason it is Fission and not Fusion is Nickel and Iron require a higher level of force to push together than Hydrogen does. Give it enough time, that fission reaction will have created enough material of a light enough weight, that some amount of Fusion can happen.
-=-
Maybe the line between planet and star should be held on the explosive levels of running out of fusion fuel. Yes... the Earth might have launched the Moon into space--but that was a reaction close to the surface. When the Sun runs out of fuel, our understanding is it will go Nova.
Like how a certain amount of gunpowder will have a cardboard tube get bend out of shade and release smoke... and another certain amount of gunpowder will make a nice show that you need to remember to stand a bit far away from (trying to ride it to catch Roadrunners is ill advised).
In this case--it is more the life cycle... if running out of Fusion Fuel has it go into a Nebula form--or if running out of Fusion Fuel has it be a rock suspended in the void eternally. Possibly racing by some of its friends... possible racing alone knowing groups of friends are nearby... but suspended in the void none the less.
Another great report that taught me something new. Keep up the good work.
I've never stalked anyone in my life - but if I were 30 (again) I'd find a way to meet Physics Girl.
To me, she is attractive in so many different ways.
Space stuff is so cool!
I'm from ElectroBOOM and I like what you do. Keep up!
Dianna, you're the best person on TH-cam to test this: did you know if you place two pieces of tape colored with a blue sharpie and one colored with a purple one over your phone's flash, you can make a rudimentary blacklight?
Ok so I know this isn't relevant but that t shirt is awesome :)
Truth
yeah, I reckon she pays heed to what she wear as the glittery stuff really went with the whole video's theme.
I thought I get some information about brown dwarfs, but all I get is an excited TH-camr.
She has severe long-term covid. Share and support her please
I can't help but smile when I'm watching your videos. Your enthusiasm and excitement is what I love about your channel. 😊😊
Most mysterious objects in the Universe: Physics Girl's eyes.
haha her eyes are pretty weird
Paradox Xero here eyes are wonderful
ha ha ha you did not get a response from her. not a dating site. ha ha ha
ye they are amazing
Here’s a cool sciencey thing you can try. You know the remote control you use to control your TV or other devices? They communicate using infrared light. Like Dianna said, we can’t see infrared light, but the camera in your phone probably does. Turn your cell camera on and point your remote control at the camera and push a button. You will see the infrared light in the remote start flashing. This works on almost all Android phones but may only work on an iPhone selfie camera. Have fun! Amaze your friends!
The blurry line between planet and star is not as surprising as the blurry line between atom and star (neutron stars) And do not get me started about black holes.
Black holes do not exist. The objects being mistaken for black holes are collapsars. Our Universe is a collapsar, in that it is the non-relativistic movement of galactic clusters towards each other that distorts space to the extent that they are relativistically moving away from each other.
Except there is no proof that nuclear fusion occurs in stars. Electric stars are closer to actual science. www.thunderbolts.info/wp/2018/05/17/anode-glow-2/
the black holes would then be collapsars within a collapsar, but it really doesn't matter what you call them they remain objects with a higher escape velocity than light speed.
Hydrogen is the easiest to fuse, so maybe the heavier elements put a damper on their chances of having continuous fusion.
That grey area between a planet and a star and the difficulties of describing it remind me a lot of the difference between living and dead. I don't think we have yet fundamentally defined what life really is; everything is really just made of of the same non-living particles all following the same physical laws, so what makes life special in relation to stars or planets or other highly complex processes?
0:57 i felt bad for pluto 🥺😂
My previous physics lesson was actually about Brown Dwarfs... My god, what are the odds! xD
www.damninteresting.com/the-baader-meinhof-phenomenon/
That's funny, because I was just thinking about the Baader-Meinhof Phenomenon. What are the odds? :-)
Always a pleasure to learn more ! Thank you !
Where do I get that model Jupiter?!?! I need it!!
mova globe. it's 350 € including shipping. amazon lists it.
Waaaaayyyy too expensive. :(
It's Euro! And this includes 20% VAT
WOW...I collect clocks....watches....work on springs....BUT I HAVE NEVER EXPERIENCED a spring wound up with AS MUCH ENERGY AS YOU....more please....Thank You....tm
Diana Physics Girl vs Diana the Wonder Woman...
Go!
Same person. This is why they're always together in the same room. ~_^
@@R.Instro Better answer than mine "Physics Girl for the win!"
mentioning chandrasekhar limit in this video would've been a value add!! :)
I want it.... the Jupiter ball...
You should do a video on other space/planet theories. Like a list of them that are your favorite.
That is an awesome shirt.
I know... I want to know where she got it.
I love hearing that PBS sound at the beginning, best overture for a great vid of knowledge
When I read the title "The Most MYSTERIOUS Object in the Universe", the first thing came to my mind was "The Earth" ...hmmm ..I find others a bit non-responsive ... :)
Maybe you can do a longer version and go into the many questions you discussed with Daniella.
Sounds like a failed star. Just not enough of the right stuff.
desertrat852 Gotta have the right stuff haha
that's what she said
I think the issue is that categories are binary, while "Gas giant" -> "star" is a spectrum, and stuff in the middle is confusing
+Appletank8 - yes, like "dwarf planet" -> "planet". The universe is full of darned soritical things that won't fit neatly into categories!
I tend to think, that the universe simply does not care of what we call things. The whole issue with "dwarf planet" versus "planet" is completely man made. We just like to categorize things and try to come up with definitions on how this categorization has to work. But reality doesn't care about our definitions and just presents objects for which our man made definitions fail miserably.
what is that spinning planet you have on your desk? looks really cool
Where can we can get the spinning Jupiter!?! I want it to reveal my edits and cuts too. 😉
There are very few u tubers who make a difference and hard to find something interesting to watch. Not Bad show, i have subscribed look forward to seeing more.
Last time I was this early the atom was only a solid particle
Yeah it fIzzled out
Last time I was this late Rutherford had already discarded Thomson's model of atom.
AlphaxAlex
(This comment is two days later than yours)
Wow you must be old School cos the ideas of atoms has gone like the dinosaurs. Lol
This late in the week we are way past the wave functions etc and on to gluons, hluons and iluons.
Next week all these will be replaced by the information that we have collected from the very end of the observable universe, we call this area the. . . E.D.G.E (Exotic, Dark, Graviton, Energy).
I am going to go out on a limb here and predict that the E.D.G.E is going to be the limits to our knowledge, cos it doesn’t take much working out that the only possible outcome there is if we try and go further is going to be . . . The . . . Aaaaaaarrrrrrhhhhh 😆
AlphaxAlex
lol 😆Truthfully though what I find amazing is the more we find out tells us that there is even more to find out . Hmmmh I think there must be a paradox there cos ultimately the more we find out then the LESS we actually know. Quick, quick I better name the paradox . . . Erm well all I got off the tip of my tongue is a reference to the debuckle that was Trump university, now that was definitely a case of the more you learned about it then the more screwed you knew you was.
So in reference to . . . The more you learn, the less you know. I name this . . . . . . . .
The tRump Paradox (this should not be confused with . . . Trump, Make America Bankrupt, Like Everything Else He Has Touched Lol 😂
I love that your shirt reminds me of the star lines of hyperjumps and faster than light travel in science fiction shows and movies. 😍
You're so adorable. I just wish I could sit down with you and share my theories and hear your thoughts. I have a masters degree in electronics engineering, but my love is science.
Your videos just keep getting better and better. SCIENCE!
Just a thought: I guess Dianna you would be a Feynman (or more) if you become an active researcher in physics! I would say Feynman would be very pleasing to meet you if possible! Congrats on your success in popularizing and teaching physics too!
Fascinating topic! You really make physicing fun, Dianna. Thank you.
Diana.............
The Most Mysterious Object in the Universe
Well done. Another great video, thanks.
And as an idea for another video: The most dangerous object in space, the magnetar
I thought this video was about the most mysterious objects in the universe
WOMEN
@scientist albert einstein: Well, it's said they originate from Venus and they do have a mysterious force of attraction.
You got to love it they've got us start showing us about the Nibiru now
You guys need to decide exactly what a brown dwarf is. Otherwise you're setting yourselves up for another Pluto episode, having to demote some poor almost brown dwarf because you took too long to define the term.
Poor guy is just a beige dwarf now.
Its just a planet with lots of hydrogen but not enough to fuse together to make a star.
People talk about Pluto... but never mention Ceres or Vulcan... though Vulcan's orbit highly likely decayed and Vulcan fell into the sun...
That is the true tragedy--that nobody seems to remember what happened to Ceres...
Katrina Payne ceres is just a big asteroid that has just enough mass to be a almost sphere like shape.
th-cam.com/video/8vUVAIiKEH4/w-d-xo.html
Just found your channel and have loved both videos I’ve watched!! I feel a binge coming on.
Please get well! You are missed.
Love watching others geek out 😀
Most mysterious object in universe is actually a woman.
MR SLAV oh hi im ur fan
You are so good Diana! Keep up the good work!
The Most MYSTERIOUS Object in the Universe is obviously: you
Really enjoying these vids ..... well done
God... are you adorable.
(And God... don't stand for God... more like... for.... ok i have no idea what I wanted to say but... you're adorable 😯)
I watched two of your videos and now im hooked! You got a new sub. Your also very easy on the eyes lol. Great video!
The correct term is African American Dwarfs.
TnT FoX Go away.
TnT FoX
When I look up AAD I get: Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea, or what you have :)
Evol Bob Ah, yes, the proverbial brown dwarf.
I like watching her is all I care about. Your energy the way you talk. @Physics Girl my new favorite.
love your aura and intelligence, so glad i found this channel
Diana, I really enjoy your show. You guys cover interesting topics and your charm and enthusiasm make it fun to watch and learn. Since I can remember, I have been interested in a wide range subjects, fields, information, knowledge, and wisdom. Science has always been near the top of that long list. Just like most, I quickly soak up anything taught to me in this area. Especially, when it comes to such intriguing fields as Astronomy, Astrophysics, Cosmology, Biology, Botany, etc. About 5 or 6 years ago, I stumbled upon an Electric Model of how the universe works as an alternative to the current widely accepted standard model of the universe which is what students are still taught in school these days. A few examples of how these models differ: An electric model points to stars and planetary bodies acting as anodes & cathodes supplying the ginormous amount of energy coming from stars through what is called a Birkeland Current, while the standard model's heavy reliance on gravity causes atomic fusion in the core of stars supplying this huge source of energy through convection to the surface and radiating beyond. I like to think of sunspots as similar to a pupil of an eye where we can peer deeper into the sun. Observations have shown significantly cooler temperatures through sunspots in comparison to the corona. This would seem unlikely if constant fusion or convection where at hand in supplying all this light and energy. I have found the Thunderbolts Project to be the greatest source of information, research, and experimentation of an electric model of the universe. Check it out! It is very interesting, interdisciplinary, and simply makes a lot of sense. th-cam.com/video/XadqnsNFjoo/w-d-xo.html
PS: I think you'll enjoy it
Brown Dwarves are so interesting!
Although I am not an expert in this field , I was wondering , whether infrared signal is enough to detect a brown dwarf. So here is what I think : The emission spectrum of usual stars mostly deviates from blackbody spectrum because of lots of weird stuff going on in them other than thermal emission but in the case of brown dwarfs, since there is no nuclear fusion and the density not enough to make weird stuffs happen , I think it is safe to assume brown dwarf as a blackbody and then its lambda max(wavelength at maximum emission) can be used to calculate temperature . So basically to confirm that some body is a brown dwarf , it is important to analyse the whole spectrum and then match it with blackbody spectrum.
The video was great and as it contains some of the astrophysics things which gave it an great enchantment.Try making stuffs related to astrophysics{outside the world} thermodynamics would be great.
I’m praying for you to be physicsing again soon, Dianna! ❤️🙏🏻