ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 2 ต.ค. 2023
- Visit brilliant.org/scishow/ to get started learning STEM for free. The first 200 people will get 20% off their annual premium subscription and a 30-day free trial.
Everyone makes mistakes, but misidentifying a species more than 100 times? It happened. In this List Show, we tell the tale of the periwinkle snail and other creatures scientists confused for someone else.
Hosted by: Savannah Geary (they/them)
----------
Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: / scishow
----------
Huge thanks go to the following Patreon supporters for helping us keep SciShow free for everyone forever: Adam Brainard, Alex Hackman, Ash, Bryan Cloer, charles george, Chris Mackey, Chris Peters, Christoph Schwanke, Christopher R Boucher, Dr. Melvin Sanicas, Harrison Mills, Jaap Westera, Jason A Saslow, Jeffrey Mckishen, Jeremy Mattern, Kevin Bealer, Matt Curls, Michelle Dove, Piya Shedden, Rizwan Kassim, Sam Lutfi
----------
Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet?
SciShow Tangents Podcast: scishow-tangents.simplecast.com/
TikTok: / scishow
Twitter: / scishow
Instagram: / thescishow
Facebook: / scishow
#SciShow #science #education #learning #complexly
----------
Sources:
link.springer.com/article/10....
www.sciencedaily.com/releases...
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/1...
brill.com/view/journals/ise/4...
www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/sci...
www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/sci...
resjournals.onlinelibrary.wil...
www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/3024...
journals.plos.org/plosone/art...
europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/...
news.yorku.ca/2021/06/15/case...
www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas...
www.marinespecies.org/aphia.p...
invasions.si.edu/nemesis/spec...
www.hindawi.com/journals/ae/2...
academic.oup.com/biolinnean/a...
Image Sources:
tinyurl.com/yexztdxt
tinyurl.com/ymvma892
tinyurl.com/2r653dpf
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
link.springer.com/article/10....
tinyurl.com/y8wtmuen
tinyurl.com/2epnervv
tinyurl.com/57z865w9
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
tinyurl.com/raycj3dp
tinyurl.com/mrj69smy
www.researchgate.net/figure/C....
tinyurl.com/yc23xmdy
tinyurl.com/mwfs7wht
tinyurl.com/5ftu7f7j
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
tinyurl.com/mpcrccmv
tinyurl.com/2rmewtj3
www.inaturalist.org/photos/23...
tinyurl.com/396uwx2k
www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/sci...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Co...
www.inaturalist.org/observati...
phys.org/news/2021-06-rarest-...
tinyurl.com/bddn54np
www.inaturalist.org/observati...
www.inaturalist.org/observati...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
tinyurl.com/mrwduvw7
tinyurl.com/bdeeed3j
www.inaturalist.org/observati...
tinyurl.com/ffwfhy4h
tinyurl.com/43hhfrew
www.inaturalist.org/observati...
www.inaturalist.org/observati...
www.inaturalist.org/observati...
www.inaturalist.org/observati...
www.inaturalist.org/observati...
tinyurl.com/ycxecyym4
www.inaturalist.org/observati...
tinyurl.com/3v6whctb
tinyurl.com/mpbtr654
tinyurl.com/5fx358tv
tinyurl.com/2xybk588
tinyurl.com/kub75bc3
www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073...
tinyurl.com/5n6u5rec
tinyurl.com/y3b5swmy
tinyurl.com/y3yvnjhu
www.inaturalist.org/observati...
tinyurl.com/25xcsufn
tinyurl.com/2p86nefv
tinyurl.com/43hmncau
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
![เก่งแต่ลับหลัง (FINSTA) - ส้ม มารี (Zom Marie) Ft. Punch 4EVE [Official MV]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/OOolBU2aC70/mqdefault.jpg)
![เกิดใหม่ทั้งทีก็เป็นสไลม์ไปซะแล้ว ซีซั่น 3 - ตอนที่ 60 [ซับไทย]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/j1e_TGit1cg/mqdefault.jpg)
Visit brilliant.org/scishow/ to get started learning STEM for free. The first 200 people will get 20% off their annual premium subscription and a 30-day free trial.
1:41 🎶That's a moray
Hi! Thanks for the video! I think however you (quite ironically) got wrong one or maybe two species in there. The crab nauplius is a zoea (different, later developmental stage, if I remember well decapods don't have free living nauplia, it stays in the egg). And I think (but not quite sure though!) the snail on the miniature (not in the video) is A Gibbula not a Littorina... We would need to turn it upside-down to be sure!
The weird childhood of eels was why there were weird theories about how they came about in Medieval England. Everyone saw eels swimming down the river, no one saw eels mating or swimmint up the river.
I heard they only bred in sargasso sea
Also, they only grow reproductive organs during mating season that wither away after.
"...while rummaging through another researcher's bee collection" is a phrase we just don't use often enough.
i was at the ocean recently in an area with violent waters. the periwinkles in the area had a unique shape that perfectly fit into the cracks of the rocks in the area!
Probably a new species 😅
Cool
Another comment made me think about this, but both Hank and Savannah have the same confidence and vibe. Just so excited about science. Not that the other hosts arent excited about science, they just dont have that "umph" when talking. I love Michael tho, the hair. My favorite host. But Savannah and Hank are just so upbeat. Can't quite understand why. Love all the hosts tho, this is my favorite channel ❤
“Harold, you have to see it! I’ve discovered a new snail species!” “That’s just another periwinkle” “Goddamn it”
"No one expects environment based morphology!" Seriously though, that's a really neat feature.
And all that mess of is just living animals. Where do we stand on brontosaurus again?
We don't speak about it 😡
We don't, the museum says if I do it again, they'll ban me for life. Don't stand on Brontosauruses, kids.
@@TH-cam_is_Trash😂
When studying marine biology in Maine, they had use study periwinkle snails for a whole year, it was at that point I decided to switch my focus to Caribbean ecology.
Variations between species can be really confusing. For example, there is a butterfly, the Map (Araschnia levana). It has a Spring and a Summer brood and specimens belonging to those respective broods are completely different in color (once they were thought to be different species).
I kind of feel like butterflies are also kind of master of like just extreme diversity and appearance there's so many species that do crazy things with their appearance.
Those bees made me think about a question I've always had about archeology. Sometimes a single specimen of a hominid species is found in a new location where no other specimens have been found, and they declare it a new species. But what if it's just a specimen of a known species that has some sort of genetic defect. Imagine if you've never seen someone who suffers from acromegaly, and then you find a single person whose skeleton is over seven feet tall. You've never seen a hominid this tall before, and there are no other hominids in the area, so this must be an example of a new species of hominid that was very tall. Except that this was just a member of a known species that, because of its condition, couldn't go on with the rest of the clan and was left behind to die.
A real issue and one that was raised about the earliest Homo forensiensis: maybe these were just another species with a particular form of dwarfism.
It works on balance of probabilities: if it’s not just a different location but a very different time period, then looking at the rates of such drastic mutations at an individual level among modern humans, other apes, etc., *relative to the size and form of the species as a whole*. After all, acromegaly and other forms of extreme gigantism of even 20% greater size in one dimension than average are very rare in both us and chimps. The chances the one skeleton you find in a new large region will be due to that is low. But there’s always room for further evidence that may sway things one way or the other, and we can reevaluate probabilities accordingly.
We we have dramatic size differences too so just a small bone could be misidentified, but these people are very educated and there are ways to identify bones that way, but a mutant bone could infact be misinterpreted
Well this happened with Neanderthals. The first one found was one with really bad arthritis so they were assumed to be hunched over and with strange bones. Only after finding many more did they realise the first guy was in really bad shape when he died.
@@lenabreijer1311 Things like that also really help us understand their culture. Because someone like that surviving long enough to grow up means people helped them. Like when we find a leg bone with signs of breaking then healing. When you are a hunter, especially one with limited ranged capabilities (they lacked one of the major muscles we use for throwing), being unable to follow and stab animals is a death sentence. Unless of course you're taken care of long enough for it to heal.
The first assumption isn't "weird homo sapiens" simply because the odds are far greater that you find a perfectly average specimen than you do an extreme outlier. You can still find outliers, but if you robbed a random grave in the modern day you'd probably find morphologically average human remains, not someone with a deformity. Obviously it's more complex than just "welp odds are..." and there are specimens that are caught up in this exact debate because we don't have enough examples or complete examples.
Savannah is such a joyful presenter!! They're clearly delighted by their fun facts and so am I!
You guys missed adding Banded racers from India to this list which turned out to be a wolf snake(Lycodon) and was misidentified for over 100 years.
That's so freaking funny! I've caught wild (arguably invasive) periwinkle snails in the Pax river - one of the rivers that feeds into the Chesapeake - and kept them in my parents' saltwater fish tank. Around the Bay, or at least my part of it, they tend to come in one distinct color pattern and shape, making them super easy to identify.
Crustaceans are just sea bugs.
I can _sea_ now why they have wildly different looking stages of life.
No, bugs are land crustaceans.
I sea what you did there! And I approve heartily!
I remember an old lecture on dinosaur baby fossils often getting confused as being a different animal altogether.
I think people are still arguing about several species in that regard. It's a lot harder when you can't just watch them grow up.
Reminds me of the TED-Talk by Jack Horner about shape-shifting skulls of dinosaurs .
New paper came out that argues that Nanotyrannus was in fact an adult specimen of a small Tyrannosaurus species and not just a juvenile Tyrannosaurus. But many people are also highly skeptical of the paper and argued against it. The debates are still raging.
Prediction: It was because they were the snailiest snail that ever snailed!
Basically... yes.
pretty much lol
Great job Savannah, excellent presentation!
I usually find these kind of content boring, but this host knows how to phase it in an interesting way.
The Tanager birds look obviously different to me though ?
I’m not understanding how people can confuse them?
The Bolivian Mountain Tanager shows quite a bit of vivid bright blue feathers on it’s wings and tail; while the Black Chinned Mountain Tanager shows only a few much duller dark blue feathers on it’s wings.
To me that’s an obvious distinction if nothing else. What it would mean for the birds in question would depend on why they were being compared in the first place.
That's what I thought too. At first I thought it was one species and they were using it as an example of sexual dimorphism in birds, but then I was confused when they said it was two different species
Most people care so little for birds they couldn't tell them from a pelican.
If i find a new snail ill call it the "might be a periwinkle"
That snail thing is so weird. I wish humans could grow to adapt to their environment like hat
We kind of do. Skin pigmentation is enviromentally selected, or at least it was before global transit became possible.
That's what our brains are for!
Yeah.
I wish we could do that instead of f*cking sh*t up so it better suits us in the short term.
Exercise
Yay Savannah! They're the only other narrator who puts all their inhibitions aside and entertains like Hank does. Thank you Savannah for your talent!
Check the video description👍.
@@LangThoughts In the description of the video, "they/them" are listed as this presenter's preferred pronouns.
@@regular-joeI’m more concerned about the gentle dissing of other presenters, who also go out of their way to tell us all.
As always, this was so interesting! Thanks for teaching us!
Excellent video 👍 Thank you 💜
Wow! Thank you for sharing!
Very interesting, thanks 👍
That was very interesting! Thanks
I rarely mis-identify animals - "Yup, that's an animal."
We LOVE/STAN savannah. Please use her as a host more often.
i love sci show
List of the best things you can find while rummaging:
1. $5 bucks
2. Bee (rare)
Savannah is a great host! They have great delivery.
I love this channel
I just learned about the least known bird. Now I know about all of them.
This was a fun one.
Thanks, Madison!
whos madison?
whos madison?
Sometimes I wish I were a snail
The host here is a rare and unusual specimen. I can't relate them to another human anywhere! 😂
Shocking.
So weird how they call it the ‘larval’ eels.
@@LangThoughtsPardon? I was using a plural ‘they’ here? For scientists in general?
I LOVE the opportunities easier and cheaper DNA barcoding gives us. Maybe in one or two decades we can have small gadgets at home and barcode our backyard!
Pretty butterfly mate with drab butterfly... That be weird
I find it interesting that many presenters use the same gestures and vocal inflections. They must have taken the same speaking course.
There are over 600 species of "Bee" in California alone!
"Heckin' snale, bamboozled again!"
-Biologists, probably
😂😂😂
Any time I've used iNaturalist to identify plant or insects I've always had to look at ALL the pictures identified as that species to be sure I don't have something completely different or it's just a different color presentation, different life stage, etc
Got the first two correct, but the rest was entertaining 👍
I'm surprised you didn't mention all of the bird species that changed visually. There is a occurrence in birds where you have two different species with two different distinct pattern types living in two different locations. Often those two different species will actually have the same potential for patterns and one will evolve to look like the other while the other is evolving to look like the first and they're still separate species in separate locations that have been diverse long enough to count as separate species but they just changed which one looks like which. This is happened once in North America and twice in Australia and probably more than that those are just the cases I know of. Really you would think by now that ornithologist would have learned to not depend solely on feather and coloration to identify bird species.
Hi Savannah!
Yes periwinkles if you don't know what it is it's probably a periwinkle. Phenotypic plasticity is one of the coolest things in nature and really is underappreciated and understudied. My favorite are species that look identical and have the same phenotypic plasticity so they can look like multiple different species while they're the same species and also look like the same species while being different species. Gray's tree frog comes to mind as a pair of species that also has two different visual forms well developing depending on environmental conditions. Really difficult to tell apart unless you do DNA testing.
I find it funny a video from Ze Frank uses the same stock footage of shrimp.
Birds under UV light look almost completely different.
Another great and intriguing video! And i like this presenter too. Thanks Sci Show!
im confused, those birds look completely different
The synonyms must be crazy
It was funny seeing the scientists confused for 100 years
1:41 🎶That's a moray
Giving it a month for the snail to go "it's gonna be so least 19" 😂😂
Am i crazy, or do the tanager birds at #7 in the list look very different? Their patterns are different in the photos, and it looks like their plumage has got a bit of a different shape too?
I would imagine Noah had to be completely confused.
For some reason just hearing “cuckoo bee” gives me the giggles 🙃
Sneaking into bilge water? I don’t think so. Probably very surprised at their end destination. Especially that one male who spent the rest of his life alone 😮
Did any one else notice the duck billed platypus that was just chilling under that ship on its rudder?
wild. 7:14
I see a shape which really looks a lot like a Platypus. Would be cool, but I doubt it really is one. Platypus dwell in rivers and streams, not in the ocean. Also they are mammals and usually dive to dig for food in the ground. But they need to come up for air at some point. I just looked it up, they can dive for up to two minutes, even longer when disturbed. But for me that doesn’t fit to chilling underwater on a boat’s rudder. Does anyone can say for certain what that shape really is?
I guessed same species for both pairs of animals in the intro
8:52 also the songs they sing won't show up on their appearances ;D
hahaha. 'digger cuckoo bee'
Wait until you see bacterial species and genus (mis)identification, especially pre genetic sequencing techniques.
Fun fact: The Australian Magpie is not a Magpie.
The eel part of this video reminded me that some paleontologists are wondering if some smaller dinosaur species are really just the misidentified juveniles of larger species.
Uuuuh.... For some reason I cant get this video to go full screen!?
Anyone know why??
Do you have this problem Also??
Please advise!
🧐🤔🤦🏼🤷🏼
The digger cuckoo bee has shinies!
Is that a nauplius or a zoea?
That image is definitely a zoea and not a naupilus larva. (For anyone wondering, the zoea stage is a stage of development for some crustaceans--they have those large spines primarily to make it harder for predators to eat them. Crabs and other malacostracans have the zoea stage. Naupilus larvae are typically cited as a hallmark of crustaceans, but some crustaceans have their naupliar stage before the larvae hatch--or may potentially skip the stage altogether.)
Within 3 hours!
Serious question, if the butterflies have the exact same DNA how can they be different colours? If colour is not part of DNA where does it come from?
Yeah
What about the whalefish? The females, males and larvae were all thought to be entirely different families of fish?
Cool
is that marcel?!
And here goes periwinkle blue…
Think this is kinda what we've done with dinosaurs... Looking primarily at bone structures for most of history and misclassifying stages of life as unique types.
Here's a short summary:
🐦🐦⬛👀👱♀️🤷🏼♀️☝️🤨⏳️👀🔬🧬🙇🏼♀️🙆🏼♀️🤦🏼♀️😅😂
lmao
The Eclectus parrot was long believed to be 2 distinct species.
The males are brilliant green, whereas the females are a lovely red.
2018? I knew that since like 1998...🤔 😆
Too bad I can't use genetic analysis when I'm out birding. If I could, I might finally be able to tell the goddamn vireos apart.
Reminds me of the sexual dimorphism of angler fish, was surprised you didn't mention them lol
Perrywinkles are so delicious! I would collect them off rocks in front of my parents cottage in owls Head Maine on the daily for Grandma to cook for a snack with a safety pin and butter!
You mentioned a "fertilized female" snail - aren't snails hermaphrodites?
From my little knowledge from having two snails as pets, they can have 'default' sexes that they only change when mating
But again, this is only based off my personal observation
I think it depends on the species of snail. And also that, like the person above me mentioned, many species have a default sex but they can change it at will. So if it is currently fertilized with eggs, then at that time, yes it is female, regardless of if that species if hermaphroditic.
@@toomanyopinions8353 Oh cool, I didn't know that, thank you
@@rex_ink Didn't know that, that's cool
@42Fossy calling any life form "male" or "female" isn't particularly helpful term. There are always going to be technicalities. For snails the technicalities are just more than some others lol. . Many animals and plants have dozens of sexes, if we are going by chromosomes. Scientists just end up calling the animal that carries and/or produces the egg female and the sperm male. In hermaphroditic species this means that the same snail might be referred to differently at different times in its life.
gock
fortunately female and male of the human species are easy to id as the same species. and the differences are distinct but not confusing.
Maybe because we're some of the few mammals left that stand upright. Maybe we'd be confused too some 10s of thousands of years ago given how we confuse butterflies just because of a difference in colour.
DNA test all your museum backlog!
Talk about misidentification, sometime we misidentified people too. At first glance, ainu people of japan look like european, but turn out ainu are asian. Papua new guinea people look like african, but are southeast asian. 50,000+ years of human evolution but Papua New Guinea people have not change at all. Life are full of mysteries.
:Lightly checks the comments:
Am I really the first one to comment that the Periwinkle is the Brassica Oleracea of marine biology?
I'd guess that is probably because the brassicas were developed into cultivars by humans, so it's not an exact parallel.
It not only works on the cat but the kids too. Ya for drugs.
5:23 pronunciation
guys i think i just discovered a new snail species
👍
Idk fam 5 dollars found in the couch is a win in my book
I am the first like and comment
Also snails are incredible, especially their shells.
You're not the first comment. 😂😂😂
@@castleanthrax1833 I think i was, 20 seconds after it was put up.
@madeleinepettigrew1033
Nope. @leptonfox beat you with "sup."
@@castleanthrax1833 well damn, I sit corrected.
@@madeleinepettigrew1033 I can "correct" whilst standing up. 😉
A little Problem, guys, with the presentation. Very informative video,
and I subscribe to the channel. But FYI, with the list format, each time the
number floats through the picture, it stops and hovers right in front of the
picture of the bird or snail or insect which the host is introducing.
Does either the flow or the image need to be interrupted? ... No.
Does it matter which item number on the list is currently showing?
... Well, maybe a little, but not enough to obscure the image.
Does the interruption add to my viewing experience,
or my comprehension of the science topic? ... No.
Is it annoying? ... Yes.
Do I wish that the number floated somewhere else? ... Yes.
Do I think that your production team has a cookie-cutter counting format
that gets dropped into the video wherever, and that nobody proof-views
the final version? ... Yes, I do.
So, the topics, the research, the explanations, and the hosts are all great.
Please don't lose track of Presentation values for the sake of speed.
Thanks for listening to my feedback.
Your channel is not just utilitarian.
A Part is still Art.
0:32 it bothers me that as difficult as it is to identify species, as much time, work and education scientists, biologists, etc put into learning how to ID different animal species- you still have people that claim that all of these animals, bacteria, etc are the result of an old man bringing two of every animal on a boat and if that’s not enough, they want this taught in school as a FACT and not as what it really is: myths, legends, fables AKA fiction and fairytales. And then they use the constant progression towards the truth and understanding as a reason why no one should trust the science. It’s not the science that’s not perfect, it’s OUR understanding. The science is what it is, we just have yet to understand it 100% but there are certain things that are scientific fact even if we don’t have a full understanding of how it works or why it is and even if we may never be able to explain it.
What are their pronounce?
well, it’s pronounced snail
like “snuh ale”
wow thanks i thought its They/them
@@knightshade6232 oh you mean pronouns
@@knightshade6232 yeah the person in the vids pronouns are they/them