So I can't promise I'll do the tutorial unless there is interest, but even if I do but you can't wait, here's the Zooniverse citizen science project: www.zooniverse.org/projects/marckuchner/backyard-worlds-planet-9
I remember there was a kind of short tutorial on the site when I began participating a few years ago, but it was a bit rudimentary : in some cases, it was hard to decide if we had to signal the case, even if it was possible to ask other participants their opinion... In short, I'm sure a good tutorial would be very helpfull, especially for (potential) beginners ... and for special, exotic objects... Fan Greetings from France.
we'll gonna have to come up with a different rhyme for... until planet 9 is officially discovered. I emailed Nasa with the name Proserpina (Goddess of the Underworld). mostly so the saying still works (plus another planet named after a goddess so Venus isn't alone anymore).
no matter how many times I hear the story of Neptune's discovery it doesn't get any less fantastic. to be able to predict something's existence simply because of an incongruence in another body's movement, and for the maths to be so precise? incredible! if Planet X does actually exist I really hope I'm around to hear about its discovery :)
There was also a planet Vulcan mathematically predicted to be between Mercury and the Sun. No one could kill its gravity field's presence until Professor Einstein explained the anomaly.
Pluto is still there, unchanged, orbiting like it has been. Stars, planets, and dwarf planets aren't "real". They're just categories of bodies that have a certain set of features in common with each other, and the lines between these categories are extremely fuzzy and debatable. They're only there as a means to help scientists organize their knowledge about the universe. But they're artificial; nature doesn't care.
It was also the only probe to investigate an object that had not yet been discovered at the time of its launch. After its flyby of the Pluto system, New Horizons did a flyby of Arrakoth (previously known as Ultima Thule), an object in the Kuiper belt that was discovered with Hubble after New Horizons was launched. Granted, they were using Hubble specifically to try to find a new target for New Horizons. It's not like Ultima Thule was discovered coincidentally and NASA was like "hell we already got a probe out there, let's make a detour." It was a contrived series of events, but still a neat factoid.
The cautionary tale of "Vulcan" should be mentioned with this however. The idea that math was so precise that it could be used to predict a planet due to perturbations within a planets orbit, it convinced a great many scientists that there was in fact a planet within the orbit of Mercury. Of course we now know there is no planet "Vulcan" (within our solar system at least!) and Mercury's orbit was explained through Einstein's determination of how gravity truly works within space-time.
Isn't that why Lowell called the next planet X? There was solid science consensus at thr turn of the 1900s of Vulcan as wall as a society on Mars. Science consensus... actually an oxymoron.
@@vuchaser99 Well, it usually comes down to people misinterpreting the scientific method. People make a theory and try to prove it, when the actual scientific method is to make a theory and try to DISPROVE it. A scientist should never BELIEVE they are right, they should think of ways they are wrong and investigate those possibilities.
"truly" Not your finest choice of words. ;) We know that relativity cannot be a complete description because of quantum and the problems with trying to combine the two. "More accurate" would be a better phrase there. It's important to realize that the mathematical quantities we use in our models don't necessarily correspond to some kind of fundamental physical property. The notion of "force" that was so fundamental to Newtonian mechanics is now virtually discarded in the more updated theories; other concepts have taken its place as more fundamental and central. And getting beyond Newtonian mechanics required introducing completely new ways of understanding how objects interact and discarding ideas that we thought we fundamental. We have no idea what new concepts the next more accurate model will introduce or what old mainstays it will discard. Really disappointing that Astrum didn't cover Vulcan.
Fun fact: The planets were called "wandering stars" at various points in history because unlike other stars they would move around the night sky. Various cultures believed they were the homes of or outright were gods. It is one reason they are named the way they are.
Personally I hope Planet 9 exists just because it would be cool to have such a distant extreme planet in the sol system and maybe one of the agencies will decide to send a probe so far out
and it would be a huge discovery of finding a final Planet to end off the Solar System. as of in, the last of the Planets in the Solar System, not literately destroying it.
@@edgregory1 When Planet 9 is discovered, Breakthrough Starshot could test their lightsail probes by sending them in that direction. At 215million km/hr, it would zip by in less than a year. If I am Elon Musk, I will create a division to design/test a bunch of propulsion system (including lightsail) that launch from space stations. That's the way to get these things going.
A small correction. The Babylonians did not determine which objects moved around the Sun. They determined which "stars" were moving irregularly. It was quite some time before people figured out that they were planets, and not just weird stars. It's actually quite easy to look at the sky every night and see every star in the same place as every other night except for a handful.
It sure isn't easy these days we have destroyed our skies more than we've destroyed the biosphere and our climate with light pollution. I'm lucky to see a few hundred stars at night from home and maybe a few thousands if I try to find some dark sky. It's a crime against humanity so that more of us turn into the almighty consumers the few need to live as minor gods on Earth.
One of the coolest ideas (and most terrifying, I guess) I have heard about planet 9 is that it is not a planet that we haven't observed, but rather a primordial black hole. These are very small black holes that are predicted to possibly exist with our current understanding of astrophysics. Crazy thing is, if they do exist, they would be completely undetectable due to only having diameters in the range of an average apple or human fist... It probably isn't a black hole, but again, we do not know if these exist or not.
It wouldn't be impossible to detect, just STUPIDLY difficult. You'd be looking for a trail of very small microlensing events happening at a speed and trajectory that would suggest that the object causing them would be gravitationally bound to the solar system. Ideally this would include a microlensing event in front of one or more trans-Neptunian objects, which would confirm that the object causing them is within the solar system..
@@VestedUTuber You are looking for a bowling ball-sized object hundreds of AU out in the void of space that is inactive, inert... argh... good luck finding it.
Its possible, and may explain why our solar system is unique and at a tilt. It was influenced by a primordial black hole, though how the Sun and PBH9 came into orbit is unclear...
@@abloogywoogywoo "You are looking for a bowling ball-sized object hundreds of AU out in the void of space that is inactive, inert... argh... good luck finding it." Baseball sized, actually. ^w^
they were,nt smart, they re discovered what was lost, or found lost evidence of there existance.. seeing theres star charts painted & stone reliefed, in ancient temples. ever watched prometheus.?. that,,is a tru movie, of our past..
They didn’t have light pollution it’s pretty easy to see these things when you can actually see the sky. The planets are bright af and you can easily see that they moved from night to night
Yeah, Pluto did nothing wrong just was around wrong neighbourhood where even one or two of official planets would have hard time meeting same criteria to be planet.
For those wondering why the telescope is named after a car brand, Subaru is what the Japanese call the Pleiades (and also why Subaru’s logo is 6 stars) Just a random chunk of trivia I know and figured I’d share because if I didn’t I’d be wondering why a car company had a telescope haha.
The speed of the sun likely impacted the orbit of the planets and moved them to one side. However, the Planet nine could cause to accelerate that process. If the Planet nice doesn't exist or is very small, it challenges the theory of general relativity a lot. I think, gravity depends on gravitons that relatively move planets to a direction depending on the speed of the sun, rather depending on an uniform curvature of space which doesn't change with the speed.
the real prize for finding planet 9 is the friends we made along the way. thanks to all the asteroids and baby planets we found for continuing helping us even today.
And the weird fungus/crab things from there hiding out in the more isolated parts of rural Vermont...IÄ! SHUB-NIGGURATH, THE BLACK GOAT OF THE WOODS WITH A THOUSAND YOUNG!
I really like how you briefly introduced the viewers to the topic. How the planets were found, what methods were used and to what accuracy, which later gave a perfect context for the rest of the video to show how weird it is for us not to spot such object or predict it in any way shape or form. Personally I want to believe something is out there, it would be amazing to find a new planet! So I stay neutral in the discussion of Planet Nine but Im still interested in the process and I hope the scientists will find something. How exciting would THAT be?! Great video! :3
@@randomorange6807 yes, it takes years to truly learn the details and at least a semester to get started on studying the subject at any depth. So a five minutes head start is pretty much the definition of a brief explanation
heres some real vids,,not this sht..revalation of the pyramids. viper tv, sumerian tablets. praveen mohan. brian foerster,paracus. the facts by how to hunt. everything inside me... have fun with real,,reality..
I went on Zooniverse to look for planet 9, but I got completely distracted by the Californian burrowing owls project. Those cheeky fluffy little blighters had me hooked!
Pluto will always be a planet to me. I was so obsessed with the planets when I was a kid, that I had their order memorized before even hearing about the My Very Educated Mother mnemonic device, but I have definitely used mnemonic devices for other things.
I remember learning about this about five or six years ago. I’m anxious to know what’s really causing the perturbance. Finding a planet that far out is proving to be difficult.
I remember of the hypothesis of a tiny black hole to explain this. If someone has an explanation or a refutation of this I would be interested to hear it :)
I remember in the 5th grade, 2016, we’d get issues of scholastic news. I recall seeing the theory of Planet X on the cover and it always fascinated me. I’m definitely going to assist in the hunt for it. Thanks to Zooniverse
My 5th grade was back in 88! The science books were made with fresh trees, asbestos, lead ink, and had a whole lot of white people in them. Pluto was still a planet, exoplanets weren’t discovered yet, the teachers fought in WW2, and the USSR was hiding around every corner!!😂
Great content! I knew all of this but you still had me the entire time! You’re a better story teller than you are a science explainer, and you’re a great science explainer!
If the Kuiper Belt’s thickness measures 10 AU, and Planet #9(whatever we’re going to name it)takes 10K years to complete an orbit, would you think it orbits on the outside of the Kuiper Belt?
It is possible that the observed long-period objects are traces of the gravitational influence of a stray planet that visited the Solar System millions of years ago. The induced orbital changes are preserved, and the wandering planet can already travel far.
The discovery of Neptune and the competing calculations of the flamboyant prodigy Le Varrier and the humble farm kid John Couch Adams is a fascinating story as well. I've read the book "The Neptune Files" by Tom Standage and it gave me a great appreciation of the abilities of these astronomers! And oh small correction: I believe the guy who tracked the orbit of Uranus was Alexis Bouvard - not Boulevard.
I just love the idea that Planet 9 might be a Primordial Black Hole. That would be incredible if true because then we have a black hole we can feasibly send a probe to.
That mass of so-called planet nine could be even less dense then some puffy planets, perhaps being a slowly pulsating cloud hardly detectable, not being fallen into itself to had built actual mass as we would define, being to cold to start to stick together, gravity not always being the deepest "force" but that's me speculating. So some gravitational effects would be discoverable in more precision but any visit of that object could turn out similar like the japanese probe (named with five letters) in 1991 or 1992 trespassing a Kordylewski cloud whilst being unable to collect samples of dust. But i don't want to de-fascinate the topic with having added this not so relateable thought. does asteroids (at) home support the topic? What a deeply inspiring well polished assembly of data, Mr. McHogan, chapeau!
It's an incredibly facinating idea but probably is only an idea because if it was true there'll be enourmous gravitational effects on our solar sisten and on nearby stars and I think we should defenetly had noticed it by now.
@@tommasogubiani3768 no lmao. Not every black hole is ridiculously massive and strong. If you replace jupiter with a earth size black hole litteraly nothing would happen lol
@@tommasogubiani3768 Actually that does raise a question. A black hole with 5x the mass of Earth would have an event horizon just over 4cm. While that is VERY tiny, tidal forces would still get intense within an earth-circumference around it. Would it be big enough to produce noticeable gravitational lensing in a way that couldn't be reasonably assumed as something else? Otherwise the only way to possibly spot it would be for it to collide with a kuiper belt object and form an accretion disk. even at such a small size THAT should still be noticeable.
Extra fun fact: Since Neptune was discovered with math, some scientists tried to discover a planet closer to the sun than Mercury, called Vulcan. There were even lots of misattributed sightings of Vulcan. The Newtonian math supposedly called for the new planet, but it wasn't accurate. When we got Einstein's Relativity, we were able to solve the math without the need for Vulcan.
A "tutorial" on the astronomic data hunt would be awesome! Im looking forward for it :) Always wanted to help and actively engage in discoveries/tasks about the night sky
The lectures by Brown and Batygin on planet X (9) are quite informative about the way data is collected and analysed. I highly recommend them if you haven't watched them already. They're on you tube.
I swear a few years ago, they found that in the mathematical calculation of another planet outside of Pluto's orbit was due to a mathematical error in a data sets that had always been used, and as soon as they took that out, all the planets followed Newtonian physics basically perfectly.
Not Pluto, but Mercury. Due to General Relativity, the Sun drags spacetime, causing the orientation of Mercury's orbit to change by 43 arcseconds/century that could not be explained by Newtonian physics. Einstein came along and fixed it.
My Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Nine Pizzas, was my old go to. When Pluto was demoted I complained to my wife it won’t work anymore. She looked at me for a second and then smiled and said “your very educated mother just served you nachos!” She’s a gem 💎
I remember watching videos on TH-cam when I was maybe 10 or 11, with titles like "Planet X is coming". Of course, I didn't fully understand what they meant, so I thought it was like a roaming planet that scientists found that was coming to swallow the Earth lol. It's nice that I know the full story of its legend so many years later.
A few days ago i had a dream about reading that they found planet nine,i couldnt believe it,so i started searching for it on my phone,just to find out it was real,it was all over the news. Funny you now made a video about planet x ;)
I took part in the same zooniverse project! It was really neat, even though I didn't find anything of significance: I actually spotted something in one of my batches, but it was something already logged. Still a really cool experience!
I recall somebody doing some calculations to see how probable it'd be for only the objects Brown and Batygan considered to have ended up in those orbita solely by pure random chance, but I can't remember who they were or what their results were.
Fantastic video again! Even though I already knew the story of the discovery of Neptune, your telling of it is the most condensed yet informative version I've ever had. Also, I had no intention this morning of signing up for a year of Brilliant but yet just did. Lol.
I like the theory that planet nine could be a very small black hole in a stable orbit around the sun. It would explain the mass and why it's so hard to spot.
@@Heavensrun It wouldn't have had to have formed within our solar system just been captured by it. Though what I can't explain would be a planetary mass blackhole as there is no known way for those to occur naturally.
I've wondered for a while if a passing massive object could have perturbed far out orbiting objects in the past, and their orbits have been elongated ever since. Also I'm pretty sure scientists have already pointed out a giant star that will pass close by to our Sun millions of years from now. There's just so many things it could be!
Stars that pass by the Solar System usually do so in terms light years, with the closest ones still being tens of thousands of AU away. Their gravity at that distance is too weak to completely shift the orbits of the TNOs that we see. The only objects that these passing stars would influence would be comets in the Oort cloud.
Effecting comet orbits and sending them towards us from oort cloud isn’t good . Some say we are on the comet side of the galaxy orbit right now . Pluto and Uranus I think do cross orbits every once in awhile . If planet 9 is real the normal planets are sort of in random position every time planet 9 comes back around . This could really screw things up
@@jondoc7525 Space is big. Any comets that were disturbed would first have to travel a few million years before they reached the inner solar system. Even if they did, the chance of one impacting Earth is quite low. As for Planet 9, it is too far away to affect anything besides the orbits of TNOs. I don't think many people here understand that gravity gets exponentially weaker with distance. Sagittarius A, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way has a mass of 4 million suns, yet the dominant object in our Solar System is the Sun. Why? Because the Sun is 1 AU away, while Sagittarius A is 1.64e9 AU away.
Just wanted to point out at 7:30 you said that we still haven't discovered Planet X to account for these oddities in the ice giant's orbits; these irregularities were solved when voyager 1 & 2 came along and gave us more accurate data on the planet's mass which showed that the orbits were completely normal, our data was what was wrong. Love the video though
Yes Pluto is no longer a full planet but it is still a dwarf planet, so in actuality we have like 13 planets 5 of them being Dwarf planets and 4 being Jovian planets and the other 4 are the inner rocky planets. Though I'm starting to think Mercury should be given it's own classification as a Core Planet as that's all that's left of it.
Actually if I remember correctly, going by the original definition of having enough gravity to turn it into a spherical body, it's more like 23 planets.
I remember the German version of the mnemonic from my childhood :) "Mein Vater erklärt mir jeden Samstag unsere neun Planeten" I never thought about what it might be in other languages
I don't think JWST is involved in the Planet Nine search however. JWST is going to be pointed at nearby exoplanetary and browndwarf systems like 55 Cancri and Luhman 16.
Same! I’m personally very excited for the JWT to discover the atmospheric content of Proxima Centauri B, so that we can determine whether it’s habitable or not.
@@eatingtheleaf4659 I highly doubt it’s habitable due to large amount of radiation emitted from its host star. But only time will tell. Only a couple more weeks until we see the first pictures!
I jus wanna also add that the planetX team make an awesome band on a side note. Love that bass ...ty 4 this comprehensive video and yes love Brilliant no matter how frustrated I get until I get it and feel awesome 😎
If Pluto isn’t a planet because it “hasn’t cleared it’s neighborhood”, then really Jupiter isn’t a planet either. Aside from the mess it left in the asteroid belt, there are also the Trojans.
8:07 I've also seen presentation of a paper (I think it was on SETI Seminars) that showed that this crown shape can be caused _without_ another massive planet. Rather, the apogee end of these highly eccentric orbits will attract each other. So what we need to form the observed crown-shaped structure is a few more of those, which (due to observation bias -- astronomers spot the ones that are currently near perigee) most likely exist. The dwarf planet spends most of its time in the extended lobe near the apogee, since it moves slower there and it is larger. This means planets hanging out there will attract each other and torque the orbits as shown. It is 20 other dwarf planets hanging out at the far end of the orbit, not a single massive body, that causes the observed clustering. Now the math shows that this effect _does happen_ . So why don't the Planet 9 people include it in their calculations and conclude that 1 large body or _n_ small bodies or some mixture of medium-sized bodies in this kind of extended orbit would do the trick?
Because the headline reads better. Let’s be honest “Mysterious Planet X Plays Havoc With Our Home”, will attract way more eyeballs than “20 Small Rocks Exist, Solar System Finally Noticed”. My one major gripe with scientific reporting is that the journalists and papers still attempt to inject sexy and/or exciting into news that really doesn’t need the help. As a result, people expect the big headlines and straight answers, science isn’t really allowed to just be awesome as itself.
Pluto is still a planet, but if the sub-category of dwarf planet hadn't been created planet 'nine' would have a much higher (and less significant) number.
You skipped a big part of the mathematical planetary prediction that took place immediately following the discovery of Neptune- Vulcan. Because of the models used in the prediction of an ice giant disturbing orbits in the outer solar system, another prediction was made after noticing that Mercury wasn't actually behaving correctly either. It was assumed that there were another planet inside of Mercury's orbit. Go check it out, it's fascinating.
3:27 Interestingly, Herschel named it “Georgium Sidus” meaning “George’s Star” or “Star of George” after his patron King George III. It was Johann Bode that later chose the name Uranus.
Zooniverse would be interesting. You forgot to mention that many stars close to Sol are in high relative motion to it, including dozens of red dwarf stars plus binary and triplet stars (Alpha Centauri is a triplet star, which is obvious, but suppose two or more red dwarfs are orbiting each other and so on). Plus all the millions of Kuiper Belt icy asteriod sized objects beyond Neptune (which Pluto is one, Eris is another) This adds to the complications of finding planet X.
I have found the counter arguments (if you can even call them some of them "arguments") quite unconvincing. Firstly, it is not "easy" to spot and track even largish objects at distances of 500+ AUs, especially when you don't know *where* on their orbital path they happen to be. It's a monumentally large amount of sky to sift through. Planet X could be as far as 1000 AUs (I'm not sure where your lower figures come from; perhaps more recent data) Secondly, the argument "then why haven't you found it yet" is not an argument, for reasons laid out in my first point. This would be like arguing back in the day that "Uranus and Neptune don't exist because why haven't you found them yet?" It would be more sensible to say "I will reserve judgement until an affective search method has either discovered or ruled out (to a convincing degree) planet 9". *Certainty based on a lack of evidence is utterly unscientific* I believe the modelling and tracking data of perturbed KBOs quite convincing; whether it's 99% convincing? In any case, the counter arguments *are* weak.
Mate.. your first "unconvincing" argument also works against the 14 objects that were discovered as "bunched". If you claim it's so hard to track those objects, then it applies to those 14 as well. What is the argument then that this planet exists?
Discovering planets can be a tricky business. Neptune: Let me introduce math to you. 😂 Ngl the story of Neptune's discovery is still the best science story in my opinion. It told us how amazing and powerful math and science are.
Thank you for covering this in such a thorough manner! I am constantly hungering for new information on a variety of topics, and news of Planet X has always made my brain itch in such a pleasant manner. Please keep up the great work! 🖤🐻🧙🏻♂️
I think for Planet 9 to exist it would be insanely lucky to be even found especially with say its orbit being a very long one. Whoever finds it will definitely remembered and go down in history but good luck if its ever found. Everyone putting in effort for over 100 years we could find it if its there
I'd love to see more information about all the brown dwarfs and the like which the search for Planet X has incidentally found throughout their search. How many have they found? How far away are these places? Are they a part of their own solar systems or are they far flung exclaves of a much larger star system sort of like how Proxima Centurai is to the Alpha Centurai star system? Would any of these celestial objects be both close enough and interesting enough to potentially send some form of probe to in the next century? There's a lot of different questions that the unintended finding of these objects bring up and it'd be great to get a run down of them.
The reason Planet Nine has not been observed, yet, is a combination of factors: the background it is in front of from our perspective, and the possibility that it is at or near the farthest point of its orbit and is therefore moving so slowly across our sky that some background objects are moving faster than it is, thus keeping it mistaken for a background object.
@@DAGATHire I watched the video. It didn't corroborate what I am saying above. That's why I posted what I did. I am convinced that Planet 9 (or Tove Ra'ah, as I would name it) is out there, but I am also fairly well convinced that it will not be found by our usual methods. Instead, I think that an unplanned gravitational interaction (be that with a deep space probe or, for example, a very large comet) will betray the planet's presence.
With the new extraordinary James Webb telescope breaking theories concerning our universe left and right, wouldn't it be relatively simple to discover whether or not there is another planet existing in our solar system?
Tutorial please. Although it's fun to learn it yourself by trial and error but it will be helpful to know what to do and not to do. Otherwise, we might get overexcited about finding something more mundane than Planet X.
@@1legend517 I should have phrased it right but what I meant was that we should know what we're doing while planet hunting otherwise we might end up getting overexcited about our discovery that is NOT a Planet 9 and just something more mundane like an asteroid etc. This is the reason why I requested Astrum to do a tutorial of Zooniverse for us laymen to become a part of all this exciting stuff.
Well, we now have an instrument in space that might finally (fingers crossed!) find the elusive _Planet X_ : the James Webb Space Telescope. Free of the refractive effects of the Earth's atmosphere and able to see the in the infrared range, it might just find it with the next ten years.
Considerably, i don't think having Pluto as a Planet would be... controversial and.. quite of a Mess, because 150 Planets (yes they're counting the Moons).. 150 is just... way too many.
@@titan-1802 Doesn't matter. Used to we thought our sun was the only 'sun.' Now we know every star in the sky is a sun. That's way more complexity than a few hundred extra planets. Science doesn't really care if something hurts our brains or not. It only cares if it's true.
![[Full Episode] MasterChef Junior Thailand มาสเตอร์เชฟ จูเนียร์ ประเทศไทย Season 3 Episode 5](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/g5wpgeAIzMs/mqdefault.jpg)
![[Full Episode] MasterChef Junior Thailand มาสเตอร์เชฟ จูเนียร์ ประเทศไทย Season 3 Episode 5](/img/tr.png)
So I can't promise I'll do the tutorial unless there is interest, but even if I do but you can't wait, here's the Zooniverse citizen science project: www.zooniverse.org/projects/marckuchner/backyard-worlds-planet-9
Please do the tutorial!!!!!
And also, dude, keep up the good work. This is my favorite channel from TH-cam. Greetings from Brazil!
I remember there was a kind of short tutorial on the site when I began participating a few years ago, but it was a bit rudimentary : in some cases, it was hard to decide if we had to signal the case, even if it was possible to ask other participants their opinion... In short, I'm sure a good tutorial would be very helpfull, especially for (potential) beginners ... and for special, exotic objects...
Fan Greetings from France.
we'll gonna have to come up with a different rhyme for... until planet 9 is officially discovered. I emailed Nasa with the name Proserpina (Goddess of the Underworld). mostly so the saying still works (plus another planet named after a goddess so Venus isn't alone anymore).
I'd love to see a tutorial on this!
It'd be really cool to see you make a tutorial for anything, really! I could totally see myself relaxing over picking out star photos.
no matter how many times I hear the story of Neptune's discovery it doesn't get any less fantastic. to be able to predict something's existence simply because of an incongruence in another body's movement, and for the maths to be so precise? incredible! if Planet X does actually exist I really hope I'm around to hear about its discovery :)
@BeBeingBenMesa Its kinda crazy that we found Uranus and Neptune hundreds of years before we realized what it was we were looking at.
There was also a planet Vulcan mathematically predicted to be between Mercury and the Sun. No one could kill its gravity field's presence until Professor Einstein explained the anomaly.
That's Planet IX...😆
This is precisely why Maths is so important.
@@BernardWilkinson math* ;)
New Horizons, the only probe sent to explore a planet that was no longer a planet by the time it got there.
Pluto is still there, unchanged, orbiting like it has been.
Stars, planets, and dwarf planets aren't "real". They're just categories of bodies that have a certain set of features in common with each other, and the lines between these categories are extremely fuzzy and debatable. They're only there as a means to help scientists organize their knowledge about the universe. But they're artificial; nature doesn't care.
Kinda sad.
It was also the only probe to investigate an object that had not yet been discovered at the time of its launch. After its flyby of the Pluto system, New Horizons did a flyby of Arrakoth (previously known as Ultima Thule), an object in the Kuiper belt that was discovered with Hubble after New Horizons was launched.
Granted, they were using Hubble specifically to try to find a new target for New Horizons. It's not like Ultima Thule was discovered coincidentally and NASA was like "hell we already got a probe out there, let's make a detour." It was a contrived series of events, but still a neat factoid.
@@phaedrus000 indeed, awesome seeing a Kuiper Belt object like that up close 👍
@@offspringfan89 Pluto will always remain a planet in my heart ♥️
The cautionary tale of "Vulcan" should be mentioned with this however. The idea that math was so precise that it could be used to predict a planet due to perturbations within a planets orbit, it convinced a great many scientists that there was in fact a planet within the orbit of Mercury. Of course we now know there is no planet "Vulcan" (within our solar system at least!) and Mercury's orbit was explained through Einstein's determination of how gravity truly works within space-time.
Isn't that why Lowell called the next planet X? There was solid science consensus at thr turn of the 1900s of Vulcan as wall as a society on Mars. Science consensus... actually an oxymoron.
@@vuchaser99 Well, it usually comes down to people misinterpreting the scientific method. People make a theory and try to prove it, when the actual scientific method is to make a theory and try to DISPROVE it. A scientist should never BELIEVE they are right, they should think of ways they are wrong and investigate those possibilities.
"truly"
Not your finest choice of words. ;) We know that relativity cannot be a complete description because of quantum and the problems with trying to combine the two. "More accurate" would be a better phrase there.
It's important to realize that the mathematical quantities we use in our models don't necessarily correspond to some kind of fundamental physical property. The notion of "force" that was so fundamental to Newtonian mechanics is now virtually discarded in the more updated theories; other concepts have taken its place as more fundamental and central. And getting beyond Newtonian mechanics required introducing completely new ways of understanding how objects interact and discarding ideas that we thought we fundamental. We have no idea what new concepts the next more accurate model will introduce or what old mainstays it will discard.
Really disappointing that Astrum didn't cover Vulcan.
There is vulcan
Theres an object that is the size of a dwarf planet hitting mercury
Name it vulcan and voila!!
@@leMiG31 do you mean a dwarf planet hit it in the past? Like the Gaia-Earth theory?
Fun fact: The planets were called "wandering stars" at various points in history because unlike other stars they would move around the night sky. Various cultures believed they were the homes of or outright were gods. It is one reason they are named the way they are.
The word Planet is actually derived from the Greek word for “wanderer”
@@rosengrenj9 The term is actually Egyptian. Black astronomers were the first to realize the Planets were not stars.
Wandering star... Thanks. Now I'm hearing that song in my head
Personally I hope Planet 9 exists just because it would be cool to have such a distant extreme planet in the sol system and maybe one of the agencies will decide to send a probe so far out
and it would be a huge discovery of finding a final Planet to end off the Solar System.
as of in, the last of the Planets in the Solar System, not literately destroying it.
Took new horizons 9 years to get to Pluto, so minimum time would be ~100 years using Jovian assist method.
@@edgregory1 When Planet 9 is discovered, Breakthrough Starshot could test their lightsail probes by sending them in that direction. At 215million km/hr, it would zip by in less than a year. If I am Elon Musk, I will create a division to design/test a bunch of propulsion system (including lightsail) that launch from space stations. That's the way to get these things going.
But it might not exist
And it would give our solar system the mini-Neptune/super-Earth that seems so common in other exoplanet systems.
A small correction. The Babylonians did not determine which objects moved around the Sun. They determined which "stars" were moving irregularly. It was quite some time before people figured out that they were planets, and not just weird stars. It's actually quite easy to look at the sky every night and see every star in the same place as every other night except for a handful.
Yeah I mean people didn't have much more to do at night than look at stars and make kids
IIRC "Planet" is derived from the Greek word meaning "Moving Star".
I think I'd believe Astrum over a YT comment...
It sure isn't easy these days we have destroyed our skies more than we've destroyed the biosphere and our climate with light pollution. I'm lucky to see a few hundred stars at night from home and maybe a few thousands if I try to find some dark sky. It's a crime against humanity so that more of us turn into the almighty consumers the few need to live as minor gods on Earth.
Something is out there. Perhaps another Keiper Belt
One of the coolest ideas (and most terrifying, I guess) I have heard about planet 9 is that it is not a planet that we haven't observed, but rather a primordial black hole. These are very small black holes that are predicted to possibly exist with our current understanding of astrophysics. Crazy thing is, if they do exist, they would be completely undetectable due to only having diameters in the range of an average apple or human fist... It probably isn't a black hole, but again, we do not know if these exist or not.
It wouldn't be impossible to detect, just STUPIDLY difficult. You'd be looking for a trail of very small microlensing events happening at a speed and trajectory that would suggest that the object causing them would be gravitationally bound to the solar system. Ideally this would include a microlensing event in front of one or more trans-Neptunian objects, which would confirm that the object causing them is within the solar system..
@@VestedUTuber You are looking for a bowling ball-sized object hundreds of AU out in the void of space that is inactive, inert... argh... good luck finding it.
Its possible, and may explain why our solar system is unique and at a tilt. It was influenced by a primordial black hole, though how the Sun and PBH9 came into orbit is unclear...
@@abloogywoogywoo
"You are looking for a bowling ball-sized object hundreds of AU out in the void of space that is inactive, inert... argh... good luck finding it."
Baseball sized, actually. ^w^
Wrong. Such a small black hole would have strong Hawking radiation that could be detected. Furthermore it would be actively brightening.
than you Alex for your excellent explanation about the solar system, I have love astronomy since I was six years old ( am now 62 yrs ).
Same, and I'm 66.
You guys really passionate ❤
It's amazing to me just how smart these early astronomers were.
And still they named a planet Uranus
@@sixdfx ??
They were no stupider than we are, they just didn't have what we have now to aid us.
they were,nt smart, they re discovered what was lost, or found lost evidence of there existance.. seeing theres star charts painted & stone reliefed, in ancient temples. ever watched prometheus.?. that,,is a tru movie, of our past..
They didn’t have light pollution it’s pretty easy to see these things when you can actually see the sky. The planets are bright af and you can easily see that they moved from night to night
Pluto didnt lose planet status in our hearts
👍🏼
I lost my "When I Was Your Age, Pluto Was a Planet" shirt, but not my love of the planet ❤️
Why?
Yeah, Pluto did nothing wrong just was around wrong neighbourhood where even one or two of official planets would have hard time meeting same criteria to be planet.
so you are emotionally attached to an icy rock... 🤦♂
It seems we are actually getting close to NOT finding a planet 9 honestly.
Congratulations on 1mill subscribers!! Been an amazing journey, much more to come!!!
For those wondering why the telescope is named after a car brand, Subaru is what the Japanese call the Pleiades (and also why Subaru’s logo is 6 stars)
Just a random chunk of trivia I know and figured I’d share because if I didn’t I’d be wondering why a car company had a telescope haha.
I am gonna name a star that I find as Apple lol
thank the gods no one has named a vehicle or anything from the 7th planet ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)
I know this because of anime lmao
Cool I didn’t know that. Thanks
The speed of the sun likely impacted the orbit of the planets and moved them to one side. However, the Planet nine could cause to accelerate that process. If the Planet nice doesn't exist or is very small, it challenges the theory of general relativity a lot. I think, gravity depends on gravitons that relatively move planets to a direction depending on the speed of the sun, rather depending on an uniform curvature of space which doesn't change with the speed.
the real prize for finding planet 9 is the friends we made along the way.
thanks to all the asteroids and baby planets we found for continuing helping us even today.
And the weird fungus/crab things from there hiding out in the more isolated parts of rural Vermont...IÄ! SHUB-NIGGURATH, THE BLACK GOAT OF THE WOODS WITH A THOUSAND YOUNG!
I absolutely adore your videos about how early astronomers found planets and learned about this stuff! Going backwards is so fascinating!
Every time I watch something about the universe, my mind is just blown away. "This topic" is just so fascinating
I really like how you briefly introduced the viewers to the topic. How the planets were found, what methods were used and to what accuracy, which later gave a perfect context for the rest of the video to show how weird it is for us not to spot such object or predict it in any way shape or form.
Personally I want to believe something is out there, it would be amazing to find a new planet! So I stay neutral in the discussion of Planet Nine but Im still interested in the process and I hope the scientists will find something. How exciting would THAT be?!
Great video! :3
Briefly?
@@randomorange6807 yes, it takes years to truly learn the details and at least a semester to get started on studying the subject at any depth.
So a five minutes head start is pretty much the definition of a brief explanation
heres some real vids,,not this sht..revalation of the pyramids. viper tv, sumerian tablets. praveen mohan. brian foerster,paracus. the facts by how to hunt. everything inside me... have fun with real,,reality..
@@randomorange6807 This is your brain on tiktok
@@aaaaaa8656 I don't have tiktok
I went on Zooniverse to look for planet 9, but I got completely distracted by the Californian burrowing owls project. Those cheeky fluffy little blighters had me hooked!
Zooniverse is surprisingly addictive... I spent a lot of time on the TESS data too when it was up! And looked for zebra on a wildlife cam 😂
Pluto will always be a planet to me. I was so obsessed with the planets when I was a kid, that I had their order memorized before even hearing about the My Very Educated Mother mnemonic device, but I have definitely used mnemonic devices for other things.
"moon is also a planet for me cuz its larger than pluto🤓"
@@Lemvoxthere's no mention of the moon
@@greenpumpkin6760 its an example.
another amazing video - really think you do a wonderful job!
I remember learning about this about five or six years ago. I’m anxious to know what’s really causing the perturbance. Finding a planet that far out is proving to be difficult.
There isn't one.
@@UnitSe7en Somethings out there. If it’s not a planet causing these detectable deviations, then what is it?
@@gravoc857 a tiny black hole
I remember of the hypothesis of a tiny black hole to explain this. If someone has an explanation or a refutation of this I would be interested to hear it :)
@@UnitSe7en how do you know?
I remember in the 5th grade, 2016, we’d get issues of scholastic news. I recall seeing the theory of Planet X on the cover and it always fascinated me. I’m definitely going to assist in the hunt for it. Thanks to Zooniverse
God, I'm old. I remember 5th grade too, in 1991. lol
Lol you say 2016 like it’s a millennium ago
YOOO THAT MAKES ME TO HAPOY. Because I was reading the same thing in the same magazine a decade ago❤️
My 5th grade was back in 88! The science books were made with fresh trees, asbestos, lead ink, and had a whole lot of white people in them.
Pluto was still a planet, exoplanets weren’t discovered yet, the teachers fought in WW2, and the USSR was hiding around every corner!!😂
Great content! I knew all of this but you still had me the entire time! You’re a better story teller than you are a science explainer, and you’re a great science explainer!
If the Kuiper Belt’s thickness measures 10 AU, and Planet #9(whatever we’re going to name it)takes 10K years to complete an orbit, would you think it orbits on the outside of the Kuiper Belt?
Please do the tutorial! I'm pretty sure thousands of people are similarly interested in this project. Astrophysics is so fascinating!
6:59 - "even after his death, he encouraged others to keep looking for it." - I wonder what his post-mortem methods of encoragement were... 💀
1M$ BIG ONES.
Hauntings
@@IAmSneak motivational haunting
It is possible that the observed long-period objects are traces of the gravitational influence of a stray planet that visited the Solar System millions of years ago. The induced orbital changes are preserved, and the wandering planet can already travel far.
The discovery of Neptune and the competing calculations of the flamboyant prodigy Le Varrier and the humble farm kid John Couch Adams is a fascinating story as well. I've read the book "The Neptune Files" by Tom Standage and it gave me a great appreciation of the abilities of these astronomers!
And oh small correction: I believe the guy who tracked the orbit of Uranus was Alexis Bouvard - not Boulevard.
I just love the idea that Planet 9 might be a Primordial Black Hole. That would be incredible if true because then we have a black hole we can feasibly send a probe to.
That mass of so-called planet nine could be even less dense then some puffy planets, perhaps being a slowly pulsating cloud hardly detectable, not being fallen into itself to had built actual mass as we would define, being to cold to start to stick together, gravity not always being the deepest "force" but that's me speculating. So some gravitational effects would be discoverable in more precision but any visit of that object could turn out similar like the japanese probe (named with five letters) in 1991 or 1992 trespassing a Kordylewski cloud whilst being unable to collect samples of dust. But i don't want to de-fascinate the topic with having added this not so relateable thought. does asteroids (at) home support the topic?
What a deeply inspiring well polished assembly of data, Mr. McHogan, chapeau!
It's an incredibly facinating idea but probably is only an idea because if it was true there'll be enourmous gravitational effects on our solar sisten and on nearby stars and I think we should defenetly had noticed it by now.
@@tommasogubiani3768 no lmao. Not every black hole is ridiculously massive and strong. If you replace jupiter with a earth size black hole litteraly nothing would happen lol
@@tommasogubiani3768 Actually that does raise a question. A black hole with 5x the mass of Earth would have an event horizon just over 4cm. While that is VERY tiny, tidal forces would still get intense within an earth-circumference around it. Would it be big enough to produce noticeable gravitational lensing in a way that couldn't be reasonably assumed as something else?
Otherwise the only way to possibly spot it would be for it to collide with a kuiper belt object and form an accretion disk. even at such a small size THAT should still be noticeable.
@@tommasogubiani3768 Not if it’s a grape-sized black hole
I love this comment section. So much good-hearted talk about a ninth planet and primordial black holes, Vulcan and ancient astronomy -- I love it ❤️
Extra fun fact:
Since Neptune was discovered with math, some scientists tried to discover a planet closer to the sun than Mercury, called Vulcan. There were even lots of misattributed sightings of Vulcan. The Newtonian math supposedly called for the new planet, but it wasn't accurate. When we got Einstein's Relativity, we were able to solve the math without the need for Vulcan.
For people who are interested, there's a great video by Zepherus on the topic
A "tutorial" on the astronomic data hunt would be awesome! Im looking forward for it :)
Always wanted to help and actively engage in discoveries/tasks about the night sky
The lectures by Brown and Batygin on planet X (9) are quite informative about the way data is collected and analysed. I highly recommend them if you haven't watched them already. They're on you tube.
@@aarondavis8943 Thanks! I'll take a look
Astrum is the best channel on youtube, it never stops to fascinate me.
This one and Holchelaga... they're both so addicting!!
Coolworlds is also very nice!
watch, revalation of the pyramids..&. viper tv, sumerian tablets..then these vids will be meaningless..
@@harrywalker5836 then why you are here. Oh just to spread negativity.
@@dan43544911 einzelganger, exurb1a, persuit of wonders, aperture, vsauce they are also great.
Thank you for your grace video and I hope you have a blessed week ahead 🌎
Very interesting episode. Thanks!
I swear a few years ago, they found that in the mathematical calculation of another planet outside of Pluto's orbit was due to a mathematical error in a data sets that had always been used, and as soon as they took that out, all the planets followed Newtonian physics basically perfectly.
eris
Mercury's orbit requires Special Relativity.
Anton Petrov also made a video about that error
I think that was Mercury, right?
Not Pluto, but Mercury. Due to General Relativity, the Sun drags spacetime, causing the orientation of Mercury's orbit to change by 43 arcseconds/century that could not be explained by Newtonian physics. Einstein came along and fixed it.
My Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Nine Pizzas, was my old go to. When Pluto was demoted I complained to my wife it won’t work anymore. She looked at me for a second and then smiled and said “your very educated mother just served you nachos!” She’s a gem 💎
I hope one day we can change it to My Very Excellent Mother Just Sent Us Nine XYLOPHONES!
I remember watching videos on TH-cam when I was maybe 10 or 11, with titles like "Planet X is coming". Of course, I didn't fully understand what they meant, so I thought it was like a roaming planet that scientists found that was coming to swallow the Earth lol.
It's nice that I know the full story of its legend so many years later.
this thumbnail was amazing!
i have been watching your videos since you only had 20k subscribers. so proud of you Alex!! look at all those subs!!!
A few days ago i had a dream about reading that they found planet nine,i couldnt believe it,so i started searching for it on my phone,just to find out it was real,it was all over the news.
Funny you now made a video about planet x ;)
I took part in the same zooniverse project! It was really neat, even though I didn't find anything of significance: I actually spotted something in one of my batches, but it was something already logged. Still a really cool experience!
Good video, very interesting, thanks.
I recall somebody doing some calculations to see how probable it'd be for only the objects Brown and Batygan considered to have ended up in those orbita solely by pure random chance, but I can't remember who they were or what their results were.
B&B themselves calculated that it was about a 0.4% that the positions of the significant ETNOs were not clustered
Hello Alex, a joy to watch another of your videos.
1:55 oh my how i love that scenerey with the night sky and a somewhat lit desert with a ancient building and some palm trees next to a oasis i belive
Awesome, new sub
I was just watching your videos now when i got this lovely notification of the new video ❤️
Awesome channel with awesome content and great quality as always say 🌍💯🔥
Reading recent comments is a wild rollercoaster ride of emotion.
Your videos are the best
Fantastic video again! Even though I already knew the story of the discovery of Neptune, your telling of it is the most condensed yet informative version I've ever had.
Also, I had no intention this morning of signing up for a year of Brilliant but yet just did. Lol.
I like the theory that planet nine could be a very small black hole in a stable orbit around the sun. It would explain the mass and why it's so hard to spot.
But how the hell do you explain the formation of a very small black hole in a stable orbit around the Sun?
@@Heavensrun It wouldn't have had to have formed within our solar system just been captured by it.
Though what I can't explain would be a planetary mass blackhole as there is no known way for those to occur naturally.
@@lunaticbz3594 It's possible if it is a primordial black hole, as long as those turn out to actually exist.
@@lunaticbz3594 I think the possibility is a small primordial black hole from the big bang that has radiated away most of its mass.
@@The_Tower__ If it’s true that would probably mean blackholes are even more common then previously thought?
Pluto will always be as ninth planet in our hearts.
Very good video.
Excellent content as always
I've wondered for a while if a passing massive object could have perturbed far out orbiting objects in the past, and their orbits have been elongated ever since. Also I'm pretty sure scientists have already pointed out a giant star that will pass close by to our Sun millions of years from now. There's just so many things it could be!
Stars that pass by the Solar System usually do so in terms light years, with the closest ones still being tens of thousands of AU away. Their gravity at that distance is too weak to completely shift the orbits of the TNOs that we see. The only objects that these passing stars would influence would be comets in the Oort cloud.
if i am not wrong, the closest star that has ever passed through the Solar System was Barnard's Star, and it isn't big enough for that
Barnard's star will make its closest approach to the Sun in 11,800 AD, and even then it will only be 3.75 LY away, too far to affect anything.
Effecting comet orbits and sending them towards us from oort cloud isn’t good . Some say we are on the comet side of the galaxy orbit right now .
Pluto and Uranus I think do cross orbits every once in awhile .
If planet 9 is real the normal planets are sort of in random position every time planet 9 comes back around . This could really screw things up
@@jondoc7525 Space is big. Any comets that were disturbed would first have to travel a few million years before they reached the inner solar system. Even if they did, the chance of one impacting Earth is quite low. As for Planet 9, it is too far away to affect anything besides the orbits of TNOs. I don't think many people here understand that gravity gets exponentially weaker with distance. Sagittarius A, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way has a mass of 4 million suns, yet the dominant object in our Solar System is the Sun. Why? Because the Sun is 1 AU away, while Sagittarius A is 1.64e9 AU away.
We all know that Pluto was discovered as a planet back in the 1930's. It will always be a planet to me.
Just wanted to point out at 7:30 you said that we still haven't discovered Planet X to account for these oddities in the ice giant's orbits; these irregularities were solved when voyager 1 & 2 came along and gave us more accurate data on the planet's mass which showed that the orbits were completely normal, our data was what was wrong. Love the video though
what he was mentioning there was before the discovery of Neptune, also this theory is talking about the orbits of
TNO’s
Yes Pluto is no longer a full planet but it is still a dwarf planet, so in actuality we have like 13 planets 5 of them being Dwarf planets and 4 being Jovian planets and the other 4 are the inner rocky planets.
Though I'm starting to think Mercury should be given it's own classification as a Core Planet as that's all that's left of it.
Actually if I remember correctly, going by the original definition of having enough gravity to turn it into a spherical body, it's more like 23 planets.
There are over 150 possible dwarf planets! Only 5 are officially recognized by the IAU though.
ehh Mercury has a regolith / crust, and a fairly thick one. what it doesn't have is a mantle
@@zimriel ooh. That makes since now. Thanks for letting me know.
@@JackAttackA1 oh wow. I knew there were lots of sizable rocks in our solar system but not that many spherical ones.
I remember the German version of the mnemonic from my childhood :) "Mein Vater erklärt mir jeden Samstag unsere neun Planeten"
I never thought about what it might be in other languages
Aside from your interesting videos, you have a wonderful speaking voice that's pleasant to hear.
Just to get a grasp on how far this planet X might be.
300 to 520 AU equals to roughly 1.5 to 3 light days.
My young children and I cannot wait till when James Webb starts putting out unimaginable photos. It’s going to change the way we look into the sky.
I don't think JWST is involved in the Planet Nine search however. JWST is going to be pointed at nearby exoplanetary and browndwarf systems like 55 Cancri and Luhman 16.
Same! I’m personally very excited for the JWT to discover the atmospheric content of Proxima Centauri B, so that we can determine whether it’s habitable or not.
@@eatingtheleaf4659 I highly doubt it’s habitable due to large amount of radiation emitted from its host star. But only time will tell. Only a couple more weeks until we see the first pictures!
@@jagaz1239 Red dwarfs mostly emit radiation from their poles.
I jus wanna also add that the planetX team make an awesome band on a side note. Love that bass ...ty 4 this comprehensive video and yes love Brilliant no matter how frustrated I get until I get it and feel awesome 😎
If Pluto isn’t a planet because it “hasn’t cleared it’s neighborhood”, then really Jupiter isn’t a planet either. Aside from the mess it left in the asteroid belt, there are also the Trojans.
Alex i love your content.
James Webb in a couple of months: "I gotchu fam, give me a sec"
8:07 I've also seen presentation of a paper (I think it was on SETI Seminars) that showed that this crown shape can be caused _without_ another massive planet. Rather, the apogee end of these highly eccentric orbits will attract each other. So what we need to form the observed crown-shaped structure is a few more of those, which (due to observation bias -- astronomers spot the ones that are currently near perigee) most likely exist.
The dwarf planet spends most of its time in the extended lobe near the apogee, since it moves slower there and it is larger. This means planets hanging out there will attract each other and torque the orbits as shown. It is 20 other dwarf planets hanging out at the far end of the orbit, not a single massive body, that causes the observed clustering.
Now the math shows that this effect _does happen_ . So why don't the Planet 9 people include it in their calculations and conclude that 1 large body or _n_ small bodies or some mixture of medium-sized bodies in this kind of extended orbit would do the trick?
It's a conspiracy against you of course. We are all in it. And I am even from Europe!
Because the headline reads better. Let’s be honest “Mysterious Planet X Plays Havoc With Our Home”, will attract way more eyeballs than “20 Small Rocks Exist, Solar System Finally Noticed”. My one major gripe with scientific reporting is that the journalists and papers still attempt to inject sexy and/or exciting into news that really doesn’t need the help. As a result, people expect the big headlines and straight answers, science isn’t really allowed to just be awesome as itself.
Pluto is still a planet, but if the sub-category of dwarf planet hadn't been created planet 'nine' would have a much higher (and less significant) number.
Dwarf planets are a category of planet, but apparently SOME people can’t count! Planet 9 is actually Planet 27 or something. 🙄
You skipped a big part of the mathematical planetary prediction that took place immediately following the discovery of Neptune- Vulcan. Because of the models used in the prediction of an ice giant disturbing orbits in the outer solar system, another prediction was made after noticing that Mercury wasn't actually behaving correctly either. It was assumed that there were another planet inside of Mercury's orbit. Go check it out, it's fascinating.
New Horizons found so many fascinating things on Pluto. At my age, I'm very certain I won't live to see any return mission to learn more.
Alex produces better content than big network corporations with enourmous budgets.
Passion makes a huge difference
3:27 Interestingly, Herschel named it “Georgium Sidus” meaning “George’s Star” or “Star of George” after his patron King George III. It was Johann Bode that later chose the name Uranus.
i just hope planet x is real. life is so sad nowdays, a discovery of something this big would shine a little light.
Zooniverse would be interesting. You forgot to mention that many stars close to Sol are in high relative motion to it, including dozens of red dwarf stars plus binary and triplet stars (Alpha Centauri is a triplet star, which is obvious, but suppose two or more red dwarfs are orbiting each other and so on). Plus all the millions of Kuiper Belt icy asteriod sized objects beyond Neptune (which Pluto is one, Eris is another) This adds to the complications of finding planet X.
I have found the counter arguments (if you can even call them some of them "arguments") quite unconvincing.
Firstly, it is not "easy" to spot and track even largish objects at distances of 500+ AUs, especially when you don't know *where* on their orbital path they happen to be. It's a monumentally large amount of sky to sift through. Planet X could be as far as 1000 AUs (I'm not sure where your lower figures come from; perhaps more recent data)
Secondly, the argument "then why haven't you found it yet" is not an argument, for reasons laid out in my first point. This would be like arguing back in the day that "Uranus and Neptune don't exist because why haven't you found them yet?" It would be more sensible to say "I will reserve judgement until an affective search method has either discovered or ruled out (to a convincing degree) planet 9". *Certainty based on a lack of evidence is utterly unscientific*
I believe the modelling and tracking data of perturbed KBOs quite convincing; whether it's 99% convincing? In any case, the counter arguments *are* weak.
Mate.. your first "unconvincing" argument also works against the 14 objects that were discovered as "bunched". If you claim it's so hard to track those objects, then it applies to those 14 as well. What is the argument then that this planet exists?
@@raidarcade791 Those objects have elongated orbits that pass much closer to the sun making them easier to see
Discovering planets can be a tricky business.
Neptune: Let me introduce math to you. 😂
Ngl the story of Neptune's discovery is still the best science story in my opinion. It told us how amazing and powerful math and science are.
If Planet X is real I hope it is named Kronos or Zeno
I want to see an Ed Wood style movie on Planet X... Planet 9 from Outer Space! It orbits in the dark... but soon it will come to the light!
Thank you for covering this in such a thorough manner! I am constantly hungering for new information on a variety of topics, and news of Planet X has always made my brain itch in such a pleasant manner. Please keep up the great work! 🖤🐻🧙🏻♂️
I think for Planet 9 to exist it would be insanely lucky to be even found especially with say its orbit being a very long one. Whoever finds it will definitely remembered and go down in history but good luck if its ever found. Everyone putting in effort for over 100 years we could find it if its there
Not in our next zillions of years. Fascinating, but, curiosity in this subject is mind-blowing.
I'd love to see more information about all the brown dwarfs and the like which the search for Planet X has incidentally found throughout their search.
How many have they found? How far away are these places? Are they a part of their own solar systems or are they far flung exclaves of a much larger star system sort of like how Proxima Centurai is to the Alpha Centurai star system? Would any of these celestial objects be both close enough and interesting enough to potentially send some form of probe to in the next century?
There's a lot of different questions that the unintended finding of these objects bring up and it'd be great to get a run down of them.
It's due to the phenomenon of serendipity - you go looking for gold and, to your great surprise, you discover oil.
The reason Planet Nine has not been observed, yet, is a combination of factors: the background it is in front of from our perspective, and the possibility that it is at or near the farthest point of its orbit and is therefore moving so slowly across our sky that some background objects are moving faster than it is, thus keeping it mistaken for a background object.
good job. we needed someone to say the exact same thing as was said in the video. 🤭
@@DAGATHire I watched the video. It didn't corroborate what I am saying above. That's why I posted what I did.
I am convinced that Planet 9 (or Tove Ra'ah, as I would name it) is out there, but I am also fairly well convinced that it will not be found by our usual methods. Instead, I think that an unplanned gravitational interaction (be that with a deep space probe or, for example, a very large comet) will betray the planet's presence.
2:30 i love how most of the planets are bigger than the sun
With the new extraordinary James Webb telescope breaking theories concerning our universe left and right, wouldn't it be relatively simple to discover whether or not there is another planet existing in our solar system?
Pluto will always be Planet Nine for me.
That would make Eris planet 10
2:37 that looks so weird with a small sun and the other planets in more realistic sizes :D
People always act like it’s so sad that Pluto is a dwarf now but he also has Eris, Ceres, Makemake, Haumea and probably more!
For me, Pluto is still planet 9.
Tutorial please. Although it's fun to learn it yourself by trial and error but it will be helpful to know what to do and not to do. Otherwise, we might get overexcited about finding something more mundane than Planet X.
What are you asking?
@@wonder_platypus8337 He asked if we would like a tutorial on Zooniverse for planet hunting.
Nothing mundane about finding a large undiscovered and previously unknown planet hiding at the edge of our very solar system. How's that not exciting?
@@1legend517 I should have phrased it right but what I meant was that we should know what we're doing while planet hunting otherwise we might end up getting overexcited about our discovery that is NOT a Planet 9 and just something more mundane like an asteroid etc. This is the reason why I requested Astrum to do a tutorial of Zooniverse for us laymen to become a part of all this exciting stuff.
@@An0nim0u5 Ahhh ok now I understand, thanks. Yeah I agree actually. That would be interesting to be able to help with these discoveries.
Well, we now have an instrument in space that might finally (fingers crossed!) find the elusive _Planet X_ : the James Webb Space Telescope. Free of the refractive effects of the Earth's atmosphere and able to see the in the infrared range, it might just find it with the next ten years.
YES please do a video tutorial on how to use zooniverse that would be amazing
Pluto deserves to be the planet nine we All have been finding.
They’re deciding on new parameters for defining a planet. The parameters they are considering would make Pluto a planet again.
Considerably, i don't think having Pluto as a Planet would be... controversial and.. quite of a Mess, because 150 Planets (yes they're counting the Moons).. 150 is just... way too many.
It won't, adding pluto would mean adding about 8 more planets
@@titan-1802 Doesn't matter. Used to we thought our sun was the only 'sun.' Now we know every star in the sky is a sun. That's way more complexity than a few hundred extra planets. Science doesn't really care if something hurts our brains or not. It only cares if it's true.
Quick fact check for 3:35
Oranos was the father of Cronus ( titan ) not Kronos ( Saturn )
same dude
they're the same person, just spelled differently. saturn is the roman version of cronus / kronos
Realy I like this video so so much
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto, WHERES CERES MAN YOU FORGOT CERES