The Future Of Vertical Farming
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 29 พ.ค. 2019
- The future of agriculture may look very different? but how much is going to change and when is is likely to happen?
Traditional agriculture poses many global challenges, from food security to climate change. Can vertical farming improve the sustainability of our food production system? How big can the impact be? When will these changes happen?
There are many factors that help plant factories control their environment, from hydroponics and LED grow lights to CO2 regulation. However, indoor farming will have to boost it's yield significantly if its going to be able to grow key crops such as rice and wheat.
These staple crops take significant light energy to grow and will require an energy revolution to realize. But with huge growth in green technology, can solar and wind energy be used to improve the sustainability of vertical farming? Can the challenges of renewable energy be mitigated with battery storage?
When can we expect these changes to happen?
Check out the lastest Vertical Farming Video - What is the state of vertical farming in 2021?
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Sources & Calculations: **Please Note - this source list isn't complete, I intend to add to it a few times per week until is up to date **
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#VerticalFarm #PlantFactory #FutureAgriculture
Sorry this video took so long to make. Hope it´s worth the wait! I'm making changes to the way I do community stuff, will post an update soon.
Just stumbled on your channel. Great quality!
I have one request though: PLEASE list sources from which you take the numbers / on which you base your analysis!
This is absolutely imperative for any analytic/popsci/science journalism channel.
Also, make a patreon account or smth.
Exa Cognition I find this channel amazing the amount of research and time you spend to make such a detailed, educated, and good understanding of these concepts I really love all of it. It doesn't matter how long ur videos upload these videos are very interesting
I just discovered this channel today. Looking at things like subscriber count and video watched I think your first vertical farm video either is trending or is close to being trending among people who watch science videos. I think you are doing a great job. Hope to see some activity soon. Good luck.
your energy math would have been enormously favorable if you had used nuclear energy instead of solar. just saying.
if Fusion becomes a thing between 2030 & 2040, more than half of this video will be pointless.
Yeah this channel is a hidden gem. Keep doing good, it's shocking how good these videos are for such a small channel.
I'm glad you like it! I feel I've got a long way to go, but I've spent quite a lot of time trying to improve the quality of the videos, so it's good that it's worked.
@@ExaCognition hi. I loved this video. I was wandering this days if vertical farming combined with insect agriculture could solve the world demand for health food(proteins, fats and carbs) without doing the damage that the current agribusiness is doing to the world. Could you make a series about insect agriculture. I think it would fit with this topic. Thanks for reading(if you read it)
@@ExaCognition you makes superb videos
@@ExaCognition
You seem to know alot about vertical farming and answer the right questions.
I'd like to ask you some additional questions regarding vertical farming.
Do you have an email adress or other social media where I can pm you?
This channel will grow to ColdFusion size, mark my words
Thanks, that would be pretty remarkable!
The world isn't ready for this channel yet!
Good job youtube algorithm
I can’t wait to eat chocolate with “grown in Alaska” labeled on it
Yukon Cacao would be the brand. One of their fancy products is Gold Rush chocolate bar: golden milk chocolate (with turmeric). Sell that at Whole Foods. You're welcome, but I want royalties.
I barely noticed i consumed almost 20 minutes of information, it was explained clearly and thoroughly.
vertical farming + thorium nuclear
This is an incredible series. Energy dense, well structured and engaging. The most informative introduction I have seen to vertical farming on TH-cam!
I have a background in both Biology and engineering and you have made me seriously considering moving into this field given the opportunities available.
You obviously researched this thoroughly, have you made your Bibliography/References/Calculations (With assumptions) available?
Sources are understandably highly requested, I was initially intending to release them with the video but the calculations and data sheets were a mess, so wanted tidy them up first that that it was easier to follow. I never got round to actually updating it though. Given this series has had a fair bit of traction recently, I think it's important for me to get it fixed even though I'm fairly short on time.
I might start with some of the key stuff and try and add a few things to it daily, so at least the most useful stuff is available soon. Otherwise it could be months before I get the time to actually work through it all.
@@ExaCognition That sounds reasonable, especially i you're pushed for time.
I imagine the series will continue to gain traction given the relative quality of the videos on this topic to others on YT. Both the data sheets and sources would solidify the professionalism of your content. Keep up the good work!
Nuclear energy is also worth considering for vertical farming. It is already the second cheapest source of energy right behind hydroelectric or "dams" and is also expected to decrease in cost as investment continues to build around the world.
I simplified the energy section for this video, my next video series is on the future of energy and I will be looking at nuclear as part of that series. I focused on solar for this video because the scope of the analysis is very specific, looking at the first viable circumstances. If we are allowed to chose our location, then solar is almost certainly going to be the cheapest source of electricity, since we can chose an relatively equatorial location with high solar irradiance and low seasonal variance. This minimizes the storage challenge and produces the cheapest possible energy.
With that said, if we are talking about general energy solutions for plant factories using electricity grids worldwide, then we can't necessarily look to solar as a cheap an effective solution. Nuclear energy has a lot of benefits from a grid perspective, clean, stable, relatively cheap, works more or less anywhere. So I expect many plant factories to be at least partially supplied by nuclear energy (some already are).
@@ExaCognition That makes a lot of sense solar definitely is a useful in many circumstances. I love how well researched all your videos have been so far and am exited for the future of the channel. Its really refreshing to see a video on vertical farming that sticks to the facts
I recently watched a cool video about nuclear. The costs of building a safe nuclear power plant are very high up front, and have to be made up over a long period of time. You go into a lot of debt to get it going. Natural gas ones are cheaper to build so are getting built more. whether thats good or bad i cant say, but i never knew the staggering cost to get a plant up and running, and it can take up to 5-6 years to complete one.
@@ExaCognition solar farms are massive failures.
@@carlvonfuckwits2934 no, they are not
Dude, the amount of work you put into this is remarkable. You deserve more views!
Oh man I loved this series!! I came here from scishow and I love how much thought and research you put into this and with an optimistic tone. I had just assumed that factory farm production of staple crops was just impossible, but this convinced me that it may be a medium-term goal.
This is by far the best video I have seen on vertical farming. Awesome analysis and way of presentation.
Keep going Exa Cognition!
It is a real pleasure to see your videos , especially what your doing with business. I live in an apartment and my neighbors are always talking about hydroponics.
Thanks a lot!
This is a excellent study of the technology! Keep it up, I am very interested in those new innovations and your videos!
Thanks! Hopefully I can keep the videos at a regular schedule. Are there any particular innovations you are interested in?
@@ExaCognition I am interrested about carbon capture tech, as well as some biofuels based on algea. Some very cool advancements in microbiological plastic recycling are still too early to make a detailled review of it but I am curious to see :)
My next major series is on the future of energy and sustainable energy source will definitely feature. That said, I'm keen do a series on specific sustainable technologies, so things like carbon capture tech are ideal. I'm happy to cover early stage technologies with a more "can this work" approach.
This channel is fantastic. So much research compiled with clear structure! Made easy for public to appreciate! If we change our food consumption habit, eat less red meat, perhaps even consume the hydroponic fodders ourselves, that will have a significant collective change in the overall energy required. Alas, old habits are hard to change. But I’ve hope for future humans.
Your videos are amazing. I watched all the videos in the vertical farming series. Do you have these in written article versions, along with lists of references you used for you research? I am very interested in the way you conducted your analysis and I would love to study them in depth myself. Many thanks for your work!
Thanks! Sources and calculations are a common and understandable request. I wanted to tidy up the source and calculation doc so that it's easier to understand, I said I'd post it with my next Vertical Farming Video. It would be pretty easy to post them as articles as I essentially have the scripts.
The main issue is that I haven't posted a video in months because I have to sort out my finances before I can carry on making videos. I hope to get back to it as soon as possible.
You crushed the vertical farming presentation amd helped me dramatically improve what i was trying to say about people making projections into the future based on the way things are now made vs how they will be as things develop. Thats key to all speculation.
Great to hear! It's easy to look at the current state from a static perspective, but technology is generally very dynamic, so it's important to factor in foreseeable changes as best as we can. With so many different branches of technology that are improving and could have a potential impact, it's certainly a challenging thing to do.
@@ExaCognition i dont know how interested you would be in further discussion, id like tp zoom out from history and do what you didwith the vertical farming episode toshow how interdependent innovations exponentially support further innovations. I just want to show people that the world isnt ending, it dramatically improving and that it doesnt happen automatically, it happens when people work their ass off and collaborate selflessly. Iwant to use history as a guide to show that todays events are not new but part of an ever turning cycle of tension leading to improvement and progress. Forged in fire.
Great quality documentary with lots of intelligent analysis of the issues and the state of the technology. This channel is definitely going places.
Another unaccounted variable, rice and wheat are staples because of their calorie storage but have not historically been first-choice foods. With increased availability of stage 2 foods and meats, their relative dietary composition will fall as percent of calories consumed.
good point, but i think we got so good at using these 'staple crops' that it could well be a generational project to get people to let go of them.
I don't think so. You're not going to overturn millenia of culinary preferences & traditions simply because you announce to everyone "We're growing vegetables now! Wheat is too hard."
The solution is to innovate & make it profitable to grow wheat in vertical farms. Simple as that.
I’m glad I found this channel early! Keep up the great work!
Love your channel! This channel makes me love agriculture
incredible video! You got the best quality channel I found in a long time :)
What an exquisite video series. Seriously, thank you so much for this.
Wow, thank you!
Thank you so much for the wealth of information (and options) that you have put together in this video.
This topics are very interesting, this channel has such a great future. Hopefully the frequency of the uploaded videos will improve. Cheers!
ive never been so impressed with the efficiency of delivering information in a way for young, old, educated or stupid people to understand and learn from,
10/10
Thanks a lot, I'm glad you like this.
This is some amazing content! Keep it up 👏🏻
Such a great video!!! Thanks!
Glad you liked it!
High quality well researched video thank you for that!
Great informative video - well worth the wait 👍
This channel will explode soon! Awesome videos!
Glad you think so!
What a great series, thank you bro
Glad you enjoy it!
Best researched video about vertical farming, good job mate continue on making content i like it
Very good explanations and visuals. Thanks for these quality videos!
You're very welcome!
GR8 video - thank you
You did a great job. Thank you!
I love your stuff, you are doing amazing work!!👍👍👍
Thank you very much!
Keep up the great work! Your videos create value! :)
I'm 17 and very interested in this field for my career. Your videos are amazingly thought out and you really dug deep looking into every aspect of the effectiveness of this technology. Your videos on this top have given me the information to make my career decision and words can't explain how much of a positive impact this will have on my future thank you :D.
That's great to hear, good luck!
Well researched video! You've earned a subscription 👍
Awesome, thank you!
Great job making these videos!
Absolutely love your vids :D
Damn, I'm glad i clicked on your videos it saved tones of hours of research.. u r a hero, mate.
wow this was a super interesting series of videos, i was interested in how the vertical farming is coming along since i have heard of it three or some years ago, thanks for the condensed and projected infos you have given
Wow how come this channel is so small? Amazing channel my friend, keep it up
That was a FANTASTIC video!!! I'm going to have to watch it a couple more times to fully comprehend it all!
I'm glad you liked it! It's a lot of content crammed into a relatively short video, so some of the videos require a few watches for those who really want to dive into the details!
Dude thanks you.. excellent video..
Glad you liked it!
This is great stuff! Good work. New subscriber.
Such great quality content you are uploading
I hope you channel grows very soon
Thanks very much!
Our government should focus on vertical farming rather than forcing laws onto farmers. Vertical farming is the future.
Excellent video, I hope you keep the channel going.
I will be. I had to take a break for financial reasons but I will be back to posting videos soon.
Hope your situation improves. Have you considered a patreon for your channel? Every little bit helps.
10/10 Content. I can't wait to see your next video!
How are you not having a million views? Nice job
Awesome video...
awesome series! I really learned a lot!
I'm glad you enjoyed it!
Keep covering this topic...great/inportant work
I want to do a follow up video at the end of the year, to see how things have progressed, since I made this series.
Why does "green energy" never take nuclear and artificial geothermal into account? Both technologies are FAR more energy-dense then wind or solar can ever be. Plus, solar manufacture is horrifically polluting and wind farms kill birds. Nuclear and geothermal have potential price points MUCH lower than current coal plants.
Very good and deep analysis 👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻❤️❤️
This is a great channel! I had this idea back in 2004 and have been wanting to know just how viable all this was, especially as a solution to climate change (via creating a high demand for carbon dioxide) and carbon sequestration (via giving back land for high-carbon capture trees)
Awesome content
Glad you enjoyed it!
Its amazing Thank TH-cam so much for this Video
You're welcome
Grow indoor vertical rice in Argentina, where electricity costs are 1 cent per KWH.
best video
thank you
Hopefully, we get more TH-camrs like you to use the platform for something good while still being informal, unlike various documentaries.
I appreciate that!
Woow, thanks. Very cool
Glad you like it!
I hope I could see a video about the relationship of GMOs with vertical farms - like how it can prevent the spread of it in nature with indoor farms and because of it being controlled, we can go further with it.
I love your channel!
Great to hear! I've still got a lot of improvement to go but I feel it's getting better.
Got inspired to do my own little farm now :)
I am a farmer and been getting away from soils and more inside. I currently run a mushroom farm and see many ways the two can combine. The technology is a stepping in the right direction and it's exciting, reducing ag transport from bulk food down to shipping only nutrients and seeds, where they get used to grow in facilities outside of city centers.
The thing is these systems are dependant on the system and energy until there are cheap viable renewable energies for mass scale. It's a race to advance technology to save the system, and if it doesn't come fast enough the system might fail
That's pretty interesting. I didn't really look into mushrooms, but I'd imagine their low light requirement makes them an intriguing case.
I don't think the system is dependent on cheap energy for leafy greens, as it's viable already. Though, certainly the more difficult produce is very much dependent in progress in technology. The question is, how quickly can the technology move forward?
Great video! Your channel seems full of other interesting content. It's a mystery why the YT algorithm didn't recommend it sooner??
Upto today, 5 june 2020 , i never ever watched such a informative video , your level is above national geographic and discovery channels. Please make videos in hindi so you can gain more subscriber. Love and respect from India .keep it up
Quality video
I must say this content is amazing, just discovered your channel and this video series today. I hope you come back soon to make the appendix video.
I will be making the appendix video and I will cover a few other Vertical Farming topics in other videos too, since this series seems to be quite popular and there is plenty more to talk about.
Just recently discovered your channel and all I can say is it's really not that bad I wonder if you can do a video segment on the future of rural, urban, suburban areas including metropolitan cities including travel and transportation.
I'm definitely going to be looking at transport and travel in upcoming videos.
Fantastic video, great job dude, keep it up. Can you share your references and used articles to create this video, please.
I really love your videos, but I realized that I've already watched them all. Is there any plan on when you will make your last video, the last one is 6 months old already after all. Maybe you should set up a patreon to help you make them faster?
Thanks! I have another video coming out in a few weeks. I had to take a break for a bit, but I intend to get back to making more videos and acceleration the rate that I can produce them.
God, you're so good, hope your channel will boom asap
I hope so too
this video, and this channel, DESERVES MORE THAN THUMBS UP AND SUBSCRIBE...!!!
Challenge accepted! I'll keep in touch
You did a good job covering this topic. Would you want to do a video about lab grown meat?
Thanks! Lab grown meat is actually 3 videos away. So hopefully I can make it relatively soon.
@@ExaCognition I was actually just thinking about this topic. In your future video on lab-grown meat, could you run a hypothetical mathematical model on how much energy and water the world could save if there was a mass transition to both Plant Factories and Lab-grown meat?
You gotta setup a patreon man, this is the knowledge we need to spread
Thanks! I have definitely thought about Patreon, it would help with the sustainability of the channel, but I need to be posting regular videos before I launch it. Once I'm back from my break of videos I'll look into it.
I love you great video this is Raymond morris
Awesome!
Would like to know the efficiency of light in vertical farms. There are multiple ways to make it more efficient 1) determine most efficient wavelength mix 2) directed beam that maximizes intake per square inch 3) reabsorption of stray light, ie solar cells to catch reflection off of plant leaves. Basically how do we reduce the net light needed.
It's a very interesting area. A lot of work is going into the most efficient wavelength mix (at the right growth phase of the plant). The 2nd point is also an area that gets quite a bit of focus, LED's can have more or less focus depending on the application, and can be placed closer to the plant to reduce light bleed. The 3rd point is something I still think is underutilized in a lot of vertical farms today.
I’d suggest solar recapture is probably over engineered, but mirror like reflection throughout a bay can indeed save a surprising amount of energy according to the farms that do this. Of course, making bays reflective adds cost, it make temperature and airflow control more of a challenge, and greater cleaning requirements if you want to keep optimal reflection.
My video “How Vertical Farming Can Improve” goes through a few of these points if you are interested.
Great video with great information - but it would be better if the music was turned down a little, it makes it harder to understand you at some points in the video.
underrated channel
Very good, thanks for the info. How did you get the information?
There's a book called "The Plant Factory" by T Kozei. It's a dense read, but it's got a lot of useful information in it.
@@ExaCognition thank you so much! I ask because I want to be a vertical farmer, so your videos are very helpful
These videos are brilliant and extremely informative thank you. I'm very interested in using technology like this to help people and the planet.
Glad it was helpful!
Great documentary. Vertical farms coupled with people reducing their meat intake will mean healthier people and a healthier planet.
Very insightful. There is one important consideration to growing grains vertically in controlled environments. These methods are consistent in contrast to traditional arable farming where drought, rain, frost, wind effect farm yields across the globe accounting for increased insurance premiums, supply chain instability and fragile food security.
Heavy farm machinery has to be purchased, serviced and maintained, fuel and contractor fuel costs that are all using energy. What would the savings be on pesticides & fertilizers. Intrusive mono culture farming is detrimental to the biodiversity of the environment effecting soil life, water ways and wildlife all that has a cost.
It's an interesting time to be alive.
Wow,rarely I watch a video that makes me that much optimistic about the future.
I'm glad you enjoyed it. It's easy to get overfaced with the problems we are up against, but these solutions are definitely making progress.
@@ExaCognition thanks man!
You will need 11760KW of electricity just to produce 58kg ginger at the cost of 0.13USD/KW you need 1528USD. or 26USD/KG just for electricity just for lighting.. add labor cost+depreciation+rent+pump consumption+fertilizer cost+ packing+transport+storage+profit margin... = CONGRATULATION YOU HAVE SUCCESSFULLY PRODUCED "GOLD"
I would like to use your chart at 14:00 , about the (combined) cost of yield, solar and LED for my thesis, but i can't find the sources in the excel sheet that redirect to the data set that make up this graph. I would love to have the direct data of (presumably historical data) LED, yield solar energy costs.
really the place this makes the most sense is in the four corners on already failing farm land
Great content! Loved this series, please bring up more alternatives to other world problems we need to fix would definitely watch! The amount of views or subscribers definitely don't correspond to the quality of your videos!
Well, my next main series is going to be on the state and future of energy. I will tie that to existing global challenges. I had to take a bit of a break from video production, but I'm hoping to get back to it soon, and kick off more series.
@@ExaCognition Great i'll stay tuned for that! Hope you do, love these kinds of videos!
That globe visualization of the countries is amazing. How did you do that?
I spent far too long trying to do that but I'm glad you liked it.
I created a relative value for the viability of a vertical farm based on in % domestic production (how much you need to import food) and electricity cost per country. That put every country on a scale of 0 - 1. I put those into a google chart graph and segmented it into groups: Red countries 0.8-1, Orange countries 0.6-0.8 etc.
I used the Video Copilot "Orb" earth tutorial to build a 3D earth in after effects. Then I created the colored countries using Video Copilots "Saber" plugin, by creating masks around the red, orange etc. countries charts. It was a bit of a pain because the google charts are mercator projections (since you can't perfectly map a 3D sphere onto 2D rectangle without distortion), so I had to run the reverse transformation on my chart masks so that I could project it back onto a 3D sphere without the 2D distortions.
Then it's a case of projecting the your spherical countries at the same radius as your earth model and trying to balance the glow and reflection (also trimming the alpha of the could layers etc. overall I think it worked pretty well, thought there are things I would do differently in hindsight.
It took a lot to learn what I needed and then figure out how to put it all together. My old graphics card could barely handle it, but I learned quite a bit so I'm glad I tried it.
Hello @exacognition, could you be so kind as to provide a source for favorable conditions in other countries apart from Japan? Sounds very interesting.
Thanks
wow this video is overstanding
Very good video! I'm growing small scale vertical myself and it works well. BUT, as with organic crops, vertical farming also does not receive any subsidies as far as I know. Which makes the rice, for example, grown in alternative environments much more expensive. So to arrive at a realistic price comparison for any crops grown in artificial environments one would have to deduct subsidies, crop losses and insurance and also all the pesticides etc. that are not used in vertical farming. I think if one did this calculation, we would see some great surprises.
Phase 3 crops are mainly used to make flour. Another way to make flour is to skip photosynthesis instead of plants feed yeast on natural gas or hydrogen. Apparently the resulting yeast flour is very protein rich.
Very good video quality. How is this Chanel so smal? You have my abo
*small
I still think I have a lot of improvements I can make regarding quality, but thanks for the kind words!
I loved this video, your numbers all look solid to me and these ideas are all about the numbers. To add to the conversation: I advocate backyard vertical farming as the actual 'solution;. The models used in this video are all great, they all still depend on using a monolithic corporate infrastructure to grow and distribute the product; this adds extra cost, and often in these calcs it's actually the cost of the monolithic infrastructure that is what makes them not work. That's why I am definitely convinced that the best results come from the (very few) plug and play residential models of vertical farm systems. Basically what I'm saying is that we would need to get about 4 vertical garden towers in each home in the world, and we would have huge positive impact on ecologically healthy food production.
A few people have talked about this in the comments section and it's certain a topic that warrants investigation. I'm intrigued by the parallels from other industries.
Power generation in the modern age has largely been large scale, regional level generation and little local generation. That landscape is changing somewhat, with local generation and storage becoming more prevalent. There are a number of factors at play that determine which is the most efficient.
Larger scale is generally more efficient, but it comes at the cost of locality and flexibility, both of which can be significant efficiency losses. Which is more efficient is complicated and is often a combination of the two. Even with solar itself, a large scale solar farm next to a town is more efficient than the same town full of solar panels, though each individual has less control over their supply own and risk exposure to artificially high prices. Also, if the solar farm is far away, then the transmission losses are higher and control over supply is even more of an issue.
Computing also highlights similar trends. Computers used to be big and centralized, you used to have to go to the computer. Then people got computers in their home and nearly everyone had one. Now, you also the cloud which gives you access to cheap computing on a massive scale computer warehouse (granted they are distributed). The cloud give you cheaper computing than you can manage locally, but it comes with certain drawbacks and leaves you at risk of artificially high prices.
What seems to be common across technology centralized vs locality paradigms, is there is a balance of pros and cons. Locality generally gives you more options and control for reduced risk, but generally you pay a premium for the lack of scale.
The monolithic cost of scale you mention are largely present when extreme capital requirements create large barriers to entry. With such barriers, few can enter, competition is low and prices end up inflated. Food is generally less exposed to this effect, since the barrier to entry of generating it is fairly low. Additionally, if you have the option of competing yourself with your own local production, large scale necessarily must become more competitive. Generally speaking, large automated plant factories have the potential to be more cost efficient than smaller ones.
Still, the option of locality gives each individual the option to chose what they prefer, or leverage a bit of both. You can have solar and storage but still use some grid energy. You can have a computer at home but still use the cloud when you need it. The technological progress enables local capability, more choice and increased competition for any centralized technology. In principle, that should make things better.
I would imagine home food production would follow a similar pattern. I wouldn't expect it to replace the majority of food production, there is a clear scale advantage (and energy efficiency advantage) for plant factories. That said, if there is an option for high density local growing, it wouldn't be surprising to see a fair amount of people producing decent quantities in the home . It's currently pretty hard to produce significant quantities of food at home, but if that becomes an option, it may well shape the industry.