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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 20 ก.ย. 2024
- In the fourth and final episode, Mary tackles the biggest puzzle of all: why, and how, did the Roman Empire fall? Surveying the massive walls and fortifications of Britain and Germany, she discovers an empire under pressure, struggling to control its borders.
Mary seeks to redefine our understanding of the so-called 'Barbarian Invasions', but also shows that the Roman Empire was facing even greater challenges from within. Maverick emperors upset all the assumptions of right-thinking Romans, while the traditional religion and beliefs of the Roman state came head to head with the absolute conviction of Jews and Christians. Ultimately, Mary asks whether the Roman Empire was transformed rather than destroyed, and indeed lives on in the world we still see all around us - in our institutions and infrastructure, in the aspirations, methodology and symbolism of many empires since.
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She is the best presenter........Her students must adore her..........articulate, but not stuffy. witty, passionate, and a most pleasant voice to listen to....
pleasant voice...
FMHammyJ I,
Afghan wow it didn't take much to see what a vile creature you are. Insults only go to show that you lost the debate. You lost control. Your "facts" lack logic and derived from ignorance and hatred. It must suck being you. Have a great day!
Ummm is this about Beard or the subject matter? The best? Comment after comment about Mary but less and less concerning the SUBJECT MATTER covered. THE REASON IS HISTORICAL FLAKES OUT THERE. Skirt think always deviates from the point and makes everything a popularity or social consideration. Doesn't anybody have anything to say about the topic or does everybody just believe and go along with what their stupid broadcaster feeds them. What the hell does liking or disliking Mary have to do with anything? I know it sounds harsh but for G-d sake people slap on a wig with some brains in it already.
That's because this is broadcast history and not classroom history (which Beard also teaches, with esoteric detail). In broadcast history, you don't have to learn the dates of Elagabalus' reign, the names and dates of the emperors of the divided Roman empire, or the process by which military popularity made emperors and destroyed the republic -- just to name a few topics mentioned here. It gets complicated when you don't take the overview.
I want to see this awesome lady cover everything in history.
Me too. I want to sit in a class with her and just learn. Everything.
Amen :) !
She tells it so well
Two historians in one family. Dinner conversations must be fascinating.
If it's Mary Beard you will hear, "It's a bit more complicated than that." She has an incredible knack to simplify and complicate at the same time.
Every single crazy smart person is able to do that. I haf a physics professor who had worked for NASA since was 19 and taught at MIT for a million years - I WORSHIPED him - he could do the exact same thing. It's very typical of a very smart person to make order out of chaos. Wonderful to behold.
True
I never tire of listening to this good lady talking about ancient Rome.
OUTSTANDING !!!!! PROFESSOR MARY BEARD . Have WATCHED ALL THE EPISODES 1-4 On BBC Year's ago!!!!! FROM U.K. (2022).
I love Mary Beard. I have learned more world history from her than from all of my past teachers combined. She speaks with clarity ,enthusiasm and obvious expertise.
Next time : listen to your teachers !
This is the best fucking documentary series ever
yea youre right. its great though. in hindsight i think BBCs the world at war might be the best. Or one or all of the attenborough series. BBC make some great docos
superguy FYI The World at War was made by Thames Television, part of the ITV network.
To be fair, there is not much of that in the series...😉
@@Charlz1980tv 😂😂
@@Charlz1980tv very good! 👍Lol!😂🤣
What a wonderful surprize to see Prof.Beard's husband near the end. It's so lovely to see a couple work together at something they are both passionate about!👍
This has been a FANTASTIC 4-part series, none of which l would have seen if not for these Utube uploads, as I no longer have cable tv.
So a sincerely huge Thank 💐 You to you for uploading & sharing this great series!!👍👏🌈🇨🇦 ☘️⚜️
Mary Beard is absolutely outstanding. She is an extremely knowledgeable historian as well as an amazing presenter. I cannot get enough of her documentaries.
Mary Beard is an awesome presenter and is astoundingly knowledgeable, I really wish this copy were in HD!
Love that she snuck her husband into it at the end!
Encore! Encore! I can’t get enough of Mary and her enthusiasm for history.
I could listen to her all the time! Her voice is calming...
So sad this series has ended....I learned so much and it was easily explained by this amazing woman who creates such a vivid picture for you about how life and culture was at this amazing time in history
My family is from Trier. A beautiful Roman city. The oldest in Germany 🇩🇪.
Mary Beard, you tell the story clearly and splendidly!
Every book I've read from her and every documentary I've seen from her has been great!
Amazing conclusions. It's a wonderful series made by someone who profoundly understand history and that thought about it during a long time. Compliments for your extraordinary work, Professor Mary Beard.
This is gold! I feel abandoned, like I've finished a TV series I love
Me too. I need more of Prof. Dame Mary Beard. Lol
@@carl-heinjeneke5186 Meet the Romans is another good series of hers that's on TH-cam
@@slyaspie4934 thanks for the recommendation. I'll be sure to watch it.
Congratulations my friend to show us these amazing documentaries presented by Mary Beard .She is amazing and very intelligent .
She has such enthusiasm!
Your summation was brilliant, just as you are my dear Mary Beard. Thanks for posting this template of Roman history that all others will be compared.
a Magnificent series.
Thanks to Mary Beard AND all with her.
It takes many peoples great learning and skills,
to present this.
It surpasses so many other programmes and books on ROME,
which tend to deal with the Salacious and the Glorification.
There is a great book, I am reading 'Pax Romana', by Adrian Goldsworthy,
which also looks at the Roman Empire, with the eye to the running of and the day to day
life of the Roman Citizen, throughout the Empire.
Like Mary Beards Ultimate Rome, to be much cherished and 'enjoyed'
My favorite presenter by far. She's awesome
Mary Beard just gave a perfect summation of the Roman empire. It never died. It has been ingrained into western religion and culture, and will be, as long as there are separate eastern and western world views. It would survive that integration as well though, I think.
Beautifully done. Thank you Mary! Love Rome
My ex bf is from Rome. I stayed with him and his family in Rome 8 times and the first time I went I begged him to go to the Colosseum as i'd never been before. What I found startling is that it was his first time too 😂. He was a born and bred Roman but had never set one foot in the Colosseum lol
I am not surprised at all. I live near Thomas Jefferson's Monticello and I know many locals who have never visited....
@@juliechi6166 Yeah people tend not to do the tourist stuff that's on their very own doorstep lol shame really
A superb series
Thank you for these wonderful documentaries. I’m always been a fan because I’m a long time history buff. I’m 68 years old and has been one since I was a kid.
Very good series. Thank you!
I'm a big fan of Mary Beard. She is ace.
Спасибо за ваши труды! 🙏
Mary Beard is fantastic! What a lovely respectful summary of Christian history. Saints Perpetua and Felicity and all other Roman martyrs pray for us
finished all the four episode, thanks mary..
thank you, Mary Beard and BBC....
the best documentary about the history of Rome.
Wonderful program!
So beautiful to see the chemistry between you
Absolutely charming
Thank you for your sharing your relationship
When Mary plays with her food, she's explaining ancient history; when I play with my food, I'm a degenerate. XD
She is like the Irvin Finkel of Roman History! If you haven't checked Prof Beard's lectures from Stanford (they're here on youtube, just search) and Prof Finkel's lectures on Sumerian History, then i highly recommend it!!
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The best documentary I´ve ever seen
Thank you Mary, very insightful and relevant.
ahhh excellent series
She is fantastic
Ms. Beard is great!
"Rome... is a tomato." - Mary Beard
Greatest line every told imo...
@@alaskasworstdriver4403 .. said a moron.
Or elephant in the room
Thank you, Mary
To be added to YOUR library, for it is an excellent WORK....
Thanks to BBC for all their foresight and determination, NOT TO DUMB DOWN!!
The way she explain the division of rome empire with a pizza it’s remarkable!
Im sorry I cant tell if you are being serious or sarcastic. Remarkable? Really. Wow what a genius. Sometimes I think the world's dong is falling off and people are starting to think whine and cheese parties are the whole point to everything.
FRANKANDSTERN i mean it in a positive way. She makes it easier for a lot of people to understand what happened to the roman empire. Whats is wrong with that? I like it. My humble opinion. Its okay if you dont agree. But i’m allowed to have one right?
she is a national treasure :)
55:32 sends shivers down my spine.... true maiestas
Is it treason, then?
Same 😌
She's a treasure.
Brilliant stuff !
Engaging and informative as always.
36:20 her follow up is pretty funny, unless I heard the first part wrong haha love this lady!
God Bless poor Mary Beard and her attempts to cut and tear that dry ass pizza . That thing was worse than cardboard :D
it would have made more sense if the wine bottle was empty
It looked great to me.
the soundtrack is amazing omg
Mary Beard, she's just so cool
oml i was set this for homework and i didnt even know i was an hour
NOW HOW AM I GOING TO DO MY HOMEWORK
Im a descendant of the Germanic people who settled in the Roman provinces. Proving that the ones that actually destroyed the Empire also wanted to preserve it as they changed germanic law for Roman law and adopted the vulgar latin local variants (the ancestor of future Romance languages) of the region they settled into as well as roman customs and institutions. So what she says is so true, it really speaks to me. People dont believe southern Europeans also have germanic influence. In a sort of racist matter they all think we are poor dark and small as it was inferior (didnt look like that during the Roman period). But actually its not true at all. We have such a mix. People are Blond, tall, Olive skin, dark haired white skin, blue, green, brown eyes etc...
There is no pure Italian, French or Spanish etnically speaking (those are modern concept not etnic ones) as there is pure Norwegians or Scottish (based on etnicity) since we are a mix of peoples and nationalities: Latins, Celts, Pheonicians, Germans, Slavs, Arab, Viking, etc... all have settled in large numbers all over Southern Europe while in contrast, Swedish for example are only swedish, descended from Germanic people and few celtic slaves.
I absolutely enjoyed the entire series. Mary rocks! But I just couldn't agree with her last conclusion that Christendom was the inheritant of Roman empire. Didn't she just mention that Rome became Rome because it's inclusive and flexible?
Well, it's all a matter of opinion, but I guess you could argue that Catholicism spread across the world, but instead of Roman armies of soldiers forcing submission, it was armies of priests (for example, in South America) who reported back to the Pontifex Maximus, Chief Priest of Rome, aka the Pope.
I think its the strongest point she makes in the whole series, because it’s the historical truth. If you’re going to use a toxic term like “inclusive “ with all the modern implications that represents, why not realize how “inclusive” Christianity was? It embraced the poor, the meek, the downtrodden and powerless of all nations and backgrounds. Thats part of its success story. But you use the word “inclusive” in an attempt to demean Christianity. The roman empire was transformed by the Christian faith, it became from its greatest persecutor to its greatest advocate. And the Christian faith more than any other has transformed our world and given us the same moral compass we use and cherish today. So I think your comment is extremely ignorant.
Thank you very instructive
Mary Beard could read me my electricity bill and I’d smile.
The bubonic plague was the only thing that could truly tear the Roman Empire apart. And so, it did.
Definitely a different perspective
The Western Roman Empire fell in 476AD.
The Eastern Roman Empire lasted until 1453AD, after the fall of Constantinople.
I enjoyed the seires alot
They always look back for guidance of Rome threw out time. Now thats respect too the fullest
Awsome!
IT IS SO EASY TO FALL IN LOVE WITH THIS CRAZY AND BRILLIANT WOMAN !
CRAZY? She defeated Boris Johnsons "Greece" herself representing "Rome" before he became prime idiot.
She’s the best
115 kilometers (at 4:05) is about 72 modern miles or roughly 75 Roman miles (Latin: millia passuum).
Egypt has sometimes been called the cradle of civilization even though there were other ancient civilizations that at one time or another could claim the same fame. But Rome is the only civilization that can legitimately lay claim to being the cradle of Christianity.
The problem with watching Mary Beard Rome documentaries, is that it puts me off watching anyone else presenting them. They tend to use the text book approach which is often dated and inaccurate
Overall, as a student (and teacher) of Latin and as someone interested in Roman history, I've enjoyed this series. However, it is clear that Prof. Beard is not an authority on the history of early Christianity. She claims that the accounts of the life of Jesus were written many years later, but the view among a large percentage of New Testament scholars is that the Gospels were written within a few decades of the Crucifixion and at least some of the Apostle Paul's letters (e.g., I Corinthians) were written even earlier. Consequently, there was essentially no time for legendary accretions to be added to the New Testament documents. Paul even claims in I Corinthians (written within two decades of Jesus' death) that some 500 people saw the resurrected Jesus on one occasion--a rather audacious claim if not true considering how close in time to the alleged incident he was writing.
Also, I noticed one prior commentator hinting that the Roman holiday of Saturnalia was the basis of Christmas. This claim is widely believed, but has little historical basis. The date of Christmas seems to have based on other considerations, such as (possibly) the belief that great men died on the same day they were conceived. Since it was believed by some early Christians that Jesus was crucified on April 25, the assumption was that His conception took place on the same date. Count nine months for Mary's pregnancy and you end up with December 25 as the date of His birth (this is not to sat that they were necessarily right about the date).
I'm sure everybody knows, Mary Beard included, that the Eastern Roman Empire, with Constantinopole as capital city, lasted 1.000 years more than Rome or than the Western Roman Empire, so that's why Constantine chose his capital city there, on the Bosphorus , just because it would last... Call it Byzantine Empire a little later, with everybody speaking greek, but well, it lasted at least 1.000 years more than Rome. See the point? Constantine was a visionary (maybe that's why he's a saint right now... haha :P) ;)
A simpler explanation: perhaps he saw Rome was on the skids? It was widely remarked on at the time.
I guess you don’t know it didn’t last “ a thousand years more” , since it was built in 3rd century BC, before that was nothing. So from the first stone to the end at the hands of the Turks, Constantinople as city lasted around 1000 years.
They never called themselves Byzantine, they called themselves Roman, Byzantine is a made word that a Brit or Dutch historian used in the 19 century, to rewrite history,
But it never held the influence, territory or power of Rome and basically most of it’s regime was just modern day Western turkey, some Balkans and Greece.
The Roman catholic church from around 600 A.D. was already out stripping it power and influence in the West that’s why until 17 century protestant referendum (dressed up it was just diminish the power of Rome) all of Western Europe had converted to catholicism and not orthodox Christian.
I guess if you divide a Empire and redirect it’s wealth, and can not hold it together one side will fall.
But unlike Rome, Constantine “the genius” you as say was only able to hold one small section of the Rome Empire. And 3000 years later Rome from founding is still Rome and Christian, while Constantinople is neither Constantinople nor Christian
1) He's not a saint. 2) He changed the capital because all of the wealth and action was in the East. 3) He's only a "visionary" in retrospect. His capital could have as easily gone nowhere, as did Ravenna.
I adore Mary Beard. I do wish she had said more about Perpetua. She was not only a Black noblewoman but her servant, Felicity was also executed with her. The more I learn about the Roman empire and its nuances, the more fascinated I become.
Wow, turns out the barbarians were more civilized than most of Mary`s colleagues....
Sometimes I feel like crying for the loss and downfall of the Roman Empire because it had a certain majesty about its uniqueness and durability that no other civilizations even to today have ever achieved. The Roman Empire as we think of it died 150 years before King James 1 commissioned 70 clergy and scholars to create the most beloved translation of the Bible in the English speaking world. But I also feel a dreadful apprehension about some of the things that went on that the world must never see again. The Roman Empire conquered the Mediterranean 2,000 years ago. Its ghost went on to conquer the world in language, architecture, and laws, like dear Mary Beard said.
Damn you Mary! Now I'm hungry! Me want pizza!!! 🙃
Getting ready to begin the fourth episode and am loving it! One question unrelated to Rome, however...what brand of hightop sneaker is she wearing, please? Does anyone recognize? I have Google and have found other references to her shoes, but not these. Please help? Thanks!
Why did the Roman Empire fall? No one knows for sure? Mel Brooks knew. He gave 2 reasons for why the Roman Empire ended in "History of the World Part 2. Reason number 1, "How does the Senate vote?" Reason number 2, "Do you care if it falls?"
You should make yourself familiar with the Roman Martyrology.
Grandiose Rome with reaching its Peak Power eventually things are not the same and started to wane its hold to their Empire.
I've noticed in a couple of documentaries now they're not referring to Josephus by name . Almost deliberately it seems. Something change I missed . I mean I always knew we were a little suspicious of his story especially considering the way he was captured. Has something else come to light .
Some girls you brassiers, other girls use string, but Mary Beard, lets the buggers swing.
I kind of love her for that, though.
In case anyone is wondering, sources indicate that Constantine had a
dream the night before the battle that won him the empire showing him a
vision of a cross in the sky, followed by a voice telling him "by this
sign, you shall conquer." So, he had crosses painted on his army
shield's and after he won the battle, he credited his victory to the
Christian god and immediately made Christianity legal, essentially
converting the empire overnight.
Influenced by his mother Helena who was a convert. She made up the "places" where religious events occurred: Jesus was born here, Jesus rose from the dead there, random and not accurate.
@@Omega13_channel And how does "random and not accurate" set her speculations apart from those of all the other followers of Jesus?
Was it crosses he painted on his army’s shield or the chi-tho.. the XP first letters of Christos?
My guess is that Mary Beard knows that story quite well and has her reasons for not highlighting it. She probably doubts its veracity.
The over-arching narrative framework from this excellent series: Act 1 - the ascent of the city of Rome and the Roman way. Act 2 - the stall and fall of the Roman Empire. Act 3 - the rise of Christianity as a set of organizing principles inheriting the Roman power void.
4 reasons the Roman bubble burst: 1- they were first to market with inventing/adopting/adapting new technologies and methods (eg. concrete); when other tribes adopted these, the playing/warring field was leveled. 2- human sacrifice and slavery - do you think these asymmetric/unbalanced practices can last? 3 - the promise of Christian heaven to the virtuous wins hearts and minds and sympathies - this is the lesson of humility (not necessarily poverty). 4 - even the violence experts/warriors grew tired of endless war and violence.
In the story of human spiritual, intellectual, practical and political evolution .... their time was up, their culture was eclipsed.
Fish imagery is easily explained in early Christian communities.
"As Jesus was walking beside the Sea of Galilee, He saw two brothers, Simon called Peter and his brother Andrew. They were casting a net into the sea, for they were fishermen. “Come, follow Me,” Jesus said, “and I will make you fishers of men.” And at once they left their nets and followed Him."
Matthew 4:18-20
She should host the remake of Kenneth Clark. Brilliant scholar; great presenter! I'm hooked.
Paul, from the Bible, was a Roman Citizen living as a Jew. He was imprisoned in Rome for his faith in Jesus. He was allowed his own house and his friends could come and go as they pleased. He also had a fellow convert who worked as a palace guard. It is recorded that the WHOLE palace guard knew Paul and his situation. He was very popular (I guess).
Nothing of the sort. He was given special treatment because he was a Roman citizen.
it surely lasted a lot longer than the british empire
But the British empire lasted a lot longer than the US one will....
@@Gottenhimfella One can only hope.
@@767scarecrow yah because we want ruled by communist China or Barbaric Islam ... moron.
You mean western rome mary beard. How dare you treat the ERE and Byzantium as not Roman! Rome lasted to 1204 unbroken and continuos. Fyi even though Odoacer overthrew Romulus he still in name swore fealty to the ERE as too did the Ostrogoths! It was only post lombard invasions the Romans lost Italy and even then they kept the traditions alive. There was a roman senate in Constantinople even in 1204.
Odoacer sent the official seal and regalia of the Western Emperor to the Eastern Emperor Zeno, after deposing Romulus Augustulus, showing the Emperor was officially, legally and practically in Constantinople. Justinian almost reunified it. It did last until 1453. In 1204 when the Crusaders sacked it they discovered Justinian's body miraculously intact in his tomb. They dismembered it and scattered his remains searching for gold and jewels.
Enthusiasm!
Excellent presentation. But I wish augustus was given little more time coz I literally worship him after 2020years. He is the best
10/10
Jupiter gave you an empire without end. Reclaim it.
Built around 170, Porta Nigra defended Trier until 410 when the city was sacked. So, while ‘Rome was built to last, only it didn’t’ is factually correct, this statement glosses over the fact that this gate was part of a system that protected the citizens of a frontier province capital for about 240 years, which is not exactly a ‘blink of an eye’.
Anyone know the soundtrack music used in this
templeofthemushroom I wish I did!! I definitely recognize it. I think it might have been used in the series Neil Oliver did about Scotland.
I also would like to know the title od the music at the very end
Rome music
Rome by Julius Caesar
One contributing factor to the decline and fall which (I think) deserves consideration is environmental impact. In the middle era of the Empire, wealth creation was largely extractive (precious metals mined from Spain, Iron and tin and copper throughout the Empire) and carried out at an unsustainable rate, and towards the end, the popularisation of goats around the margins of the empire led to rapid desertification. Factors like these increasingly meant that local populations were rendered unable to pay tribute, with predictable and tragic consequences.
46:03..to quote Mary Beard herself...."It's a bit more complicated than that."...although it may be beyond the oldest dreams of modern secular historians.. it was not in fact "beyond the wildest dreams" of St. Perpetual and the early Christians, that they would ultimately triumph over "Mystery Babylon", the city which sits on 7 hills, and the Imperial "Beast"...it was in fact the plan all along. Prophets and Apostles boldly claimed it from the very beginning...(Daniel 2:44, Rev 17:9,18; 18:2-30, etc.,etc.)...for instance this rather bold statement from Paul:... "God chose what is low and despised in the world, even things that are not, to bring to nothing things that are" (1Cor 1:28)...the brutal, pagan, Roman officials full well understood this as well....even if it still somehow remains a historical mystery to the secular and skeptical...