ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 16 พ.ค. 2024
- Explore the differences between how a car’s internal combustion engine and an electric vehicle’s induction motor use fuel.
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In 2015, two men drove a Volkswagen across the US on just over 100 gallons of fuel. Their 81-mile-per-gallon performance doubled the car’s estimated fuel rating, and set the record for the lowest fuel consumption ride of a diesel car. The duo were experts in techniques that maximize fuel efficiency. So, how did their strategy save fuel? Shannon Odell explores what’s going on beneath a car’s hood.
Lesson by Shannon Odell, directed by Kevin Herrmann, AIM Creative Studios.
This video made possible in collaboration with Speed & Scale
Learn more about how TED-Ed partnerships work: bit.ly/TEDEdPartners
A special thanks to Daniel Sperling and Shima Nazari who provided information and insights for the development of this video.
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For the rest of the non-US world, 100 gallons are 378 liters, and 81 miles per gallon means 34.4 km per liters.
Which is equivalent to 2.9 l/100km. Quite impressive!
I'm trying this out tomorrow
Thanks for saving me trouble of googling.
Thanks for this.
@@MatejaMaricI can only get down to 4,7 I think😂
Was not expecting this to turn into an ad for EVs
Tell me about it 😂
Exactly.
EVs are extremely capable, they still need work done to improve and require more efficient ways of getting that energy. Everyone said the same about combustion cars when they came out and look where they are now.
@@conormartin7416what, did people complain about ice efficiency when they still rely on horse or something?
@@nhs.14Doubt it, but early engines were laughably inefficient
1:37 Minor correction: The fuel-air mixture is specific to gasoline engines only. In diesel engines, air is compressed first, and then diesel is sprayed onto it. This method allows for greater air compression without the risk of the mixture self-igniting, resulting in more thermal efficiency which can yield more power from the same amount of fuel. This is one of the reasons diesel engines are more efficient than gasoline ones.
That's right. Only one small correction: diesel creates more power for the same amount of ENERGY, not necessarily fuel, since diesel and gasoline have different calorific values (energy per quilogram of fuel).
To make a complete comparison, you would have to take into account the density and calorific value. Also one would need to specify if he is comparing on a mass base or volume base.
@@winteralbireo You see we came here with an intention to learn about the topic. if your Instagram-based personality can't accept that, just leave.
@@bluescrud8879you see the joke was, he said information and the nerd emoji means nerd or smart so that’s what he was sayin.
@@GoofyAhhBoxy You see, a joke has to be funny for it to be a joke
@@bruhmoment91it’s a reference to Key & Peele skit on Neil deGrasse Tyson
Short answer: engine go boom boom magic.
😂
Lol 🤣
No be lie.
That's the truth
Short answer: EV engine go zap zap magic.
electric cars: birds chirping
One concern that wasn't mentioned is that the manufacturing process of EVs itself is incredibly polluting (primarily the batteries), so depending on how long the EV is used for + where its energy comes from (i.e., renewable sources or not) EVs could end up being only slightly better (if at all) than a combustion engine. But hopefully we find solutions to those issues soon.
Yes, both EV and gasoline vehicle manufacturing processes will create pollution. But, nearly all research shows that even when factoring in the battery, and assuming the grid is driven by mostly fossil fuels (both of which will change), EVs right now have a smaller carbon footprint than combustion engines. Plus, renewables and battery tech are some of the fastest growing research fields on earth right now. I wouldn't lose hope yet! People all around the world on working on these issues right now.
unless your car gets 120 mpg without somehow breaking epa rules (a more efficient engine generally results in worse emissions) then your gas car doesnt stand a chance.
@@fero6756heard in like 2018 that you need to travel 600,000 miles to break even in terms of carbon pollution
@@adilmohammed6897More like 30,000km dude what you on about 😂
Im in my late 20s but can picture myself in 2077 being an 80 year old, walking on the road so silent and devoid of all vehicular sounds thanks to EVs. I don't know if I'm gonna live to see a utopia or a dystopia. Anyways this comment will still be there regardless of me.
another key point that i think was missed in this video
the EVs are usually powered by electricity thats said to be generated mostly by coal power plants..and people say thats equivalent to an internal combustion engine run car...what most people miss out is that the processes used to convert fuel in powerplants are much more efficient than an internal combustion engine
Watch 5.28 they have mentioned this point as EVs are not carbon neutral,there emission profile depends on charging utility
There is no free lunch here. Any time you do something, there is a consequence. It's pretty clear that fossil fuels have no future, and we need alternatives. If you really care, drive less. Ride your bike and use public transportation.
@@mithunbobade1 that's a different point. what you are referring to is the source of the energy. what this commenter is saying is that even if the energy is not clean (coming from combustion) the process of generating the energy at a plant is more efficient than inside a car, since the cars are so inefficient (the point mentioned at 2:34 in the video)
That is true but the problem is getting electricity from the power plant to your car. You first have to carry it over long distances through wires, then there are a lot of inefficiencies in both the charging and discharging process, thus bringing the overall efficiency down. I don't know what the numbers are and I suppose it depends on the situation, but it's nevertheless a thing worth remembering
@@sebasbot01 in the early days of electricity, Thomas Edison advocated DC power transmission, and Nicola Tesla advocated AC. Tesla was right; AC is much more efficient for transmission over long distances. How about digging up petroleum from the Middle East and shipping it via tanker across the ocean, refining it, then driving it around in trucks all over the country? It's like email vs. the pony express.
recently built my first engine, I am so fascinated by all of this I hope everyone learns to enjoy mechanical things like this as much as I do❤
What engine did you build?
@@itsreflex729X10
@@itsreflex729seige engine
@@itsreflex729 nuclear engine
@@gamerpro608 okay jimmy neutron
Also, do a video on trains. We can’t just rely on just EV’s to diversify our modes of transportation and/or use of clean energy
exactly, trains are where it's at, not just adding more cars.
also lithium extraction plants
YES!
Next Transportation Secretary should advocate for regional train deliveries of goods, not door to door truck BS
@@fsexplorer9727at least in the US lol… Europe train system is insane and cheap… although not the most punctual
Most animations on this channel’s videos are very well made, but this one specially is just so fluid and charming! Thank you for making the amazing content you do free for everyone to see ❤
This video does a fine job of illustrating challenging engineering concepts 👍
It reminds me of some artist's work, but I can't recall the name
I bet I could watch this high and have a good time while I also learning something
Its similar style to anime jojo diamond unbreakable
One of my favorite things about this channel is that even if you already know what they're talking about, it's still nice to just see the animations
You should also mention how the "cruise control" function operates to keep the car in "glide and pulse" mode.
I was wondering that. It also keeps my lead foot at the speed limit 😅
nice to know my accelerating slowly and gliding-when-possible habit is actually validated by others' testing - also seeing opportunities to let gravity/friction slow you down instead of 100% using the brakes (eg approaching a turn at the top of a hill or seeing traffic lights turn red further away)
This video forgot to mention one important aspect. The production of big lithium-ion batteries, which are commonly used in EVs, is resource-intensive and has very negative environmental impacts.
There is no free lunch here. Any time you do something, there is a consequence. It's pretty clear that fossil fuels have no future, and we need alternatives. If you really care, drive less. Ride your bike and use public transportation.
Very negative environmental impact that is about the same as driving 25 000 km with an ICE car.
Most cars drive well over 100 000 km in their lifetime.
Then there is also the fact that those environmental impacts are isolated to specific mining locations, instead of pumping it into the atmosphere.
You’re forgetting once that lithium is mined it’s around for a long time, same can’t be said for a tank of gas. Obviously, mining operations have to change anyway regardless
Can we get a whole history of steam engines next please??
This was not the kind of video I was expecting and I love it. I wish there were more Ted-Ed videos that just flat out explained how something works like this.
Except they almost didn't explain this time how this works.
This was one of my favorite TedEd videos ever. I find everything easy to understand and now I feel a little more knowledgeable about the things I drive every day!
“When you step on the brakes your life is in your foot’s hands.”
Five seconds in and my brain is already making system error noises
what? your feet don't have hands? wierdo
Ted Ed videos are always so informative and well made ❤
That transition on EV show how much thinking and effort they put to making these videos, for free❤
Very informative and support the move to EV. But wish more videos expanded on pros and cons of production not just consumption of EV vs ICE.
There is nothing wrong with supporting EVs. But supporting something for the sake of supporting it it's just blatant advertising. It's obvious TED-ED depicts EVs as only superior because it's propaganda.
There is no free lunch here. Any time you do something, there is a consequence. It's pretty clear that fossil fuels have no future, and we need alternatives. If you really care, drive less. Ride your bike and use public transportation.
@@theWZZA sorry but it’s not so “clear” about ICE engines not having a future. EVs also have challenges to overcome as well.🤦♂️
@@VinceroAlpha Notice I said fossil fuels, not ICE. Everything is a challenge, so what?
@@theWZZA so what is that virtually NO ONE is talking about the fact that we’ll be facing the SAME PROBLEM AS fossil fuel companies since the batteries and energy delivery systems needed are themselves limited like fossil fuels making the problem redundant and unnecessarily more costly to implement That’s so what genius.
i was recently thinking about this topic!! i was thinking about how would i explain cars to someone who has never seen one, and this video puts it so well 😊
Love this video. The content is excellent and the animation style very very good.
Give the animators a pay rise. This video is beautiful.
Damn the animations are really good! The incorporation of Synthwave elements into a car video is just perfect!
THIS ANIMATION IS SO DAMN GOOD
This video goes crazy, great explanation and animation
I love the work you guys/gals do in entertaining and educating, and this video is no exception. I only wish you had also mentioned highway efficiency comparisons of electric and ICE vehicles.
Electric cars are phenomenal for city driving, but consume more and more energy as the speed to maintain increases. It is my understanding that ICE vehicles are technically more efficient for long distance/higher speed driving.
I would love to see you guys make a video dedicated to that.
EVs remain more efficient for long distance/higher speed driving.
The issue with them becomes convenience. The main two advantages ICEs have over EVs is power density, and portability - both of these become significant factors when distance or loads are increased,
@@Garfie489 Could you please provide me with some kind of source? I honestly forget where I learned my understanding from, and it may very well be wrong/outdated. Thanks for the reply!
@@peacefultreasure8497 EVs are always way more efficient than ICEs, the range of efficiency was said in the video. But, ICEs (except hybrids) are so bad at low speeds that it makes us talk more about it. That's it.
@@peacefultreasure8497Efficiency: EVs can typically achieve efficiency ratings of around 3 to 4 miles per kilowatt-hour (kWh) on highways. This means they can travel 3 to 4 miles for every kWh of electricity consumed.Range: Many modern EVs offer highway ranges of 200 to 300 miles or more on a single charge. Some high-end models can even exceed 300 miles.
This video is just great, I have never imagined this process that much visually, it is very enjoyable :) thanks.
Nah this is a Tesla advertisement 💀
Maybe make the next video on explaining the most efficient vehicle on this planet which is the bicycle.
Which is also the most greener of all vehicles because it relies on your muscles to move.
If you are going to do that then the most efficient is walk/run from point a to b…. There’s a reason we don’t do that tho… it’s extremely inefficient which defeats the purpose… Are you going to walk an hour and back to work everyday? Are you going to walk for 5months to visit family across the country? That’s if you even survive that…
Ted-Ed .... never disappointing, always fascintating!
Amazing Video as always TED-Ed
Please do more animated videos about cars!!! This was awesome.
The music for this one was awesome.
Im more suprised ted-ed didn't have a video for this already... Nice work!
Me, a studied Engineer working at Volkswagen: "Yeah, how DOES an engine work?"
Diesel Engines get the fuel injected directly when the air is compressed, not as a mixture with air as described in the video
Yeah I wonder about that too, without having it be overly complicated. Thank You, Ted Ed
Excellent video, well explained!
Cars and synthwave go so well together and Ted Ed knew it!
OMFG, I've been doing the Pulse and Glide most of my life and didn't know it was a thing..... 😂😂
Same haha
I maybe get that’s it’s more efficient with fuel, but it’s goddamn annoying when you’re driving behind such a person on a pretty busy road 😅 like just put on cruise control!
@martjeeh yea I only do it when I got room around me
A small footnote on EV energy / carbon efficiency: Even if an EV is charged with electricity from a fossil fuel power plant like coal or natural gas, the carbon output per mile is lower than that of internal combustion engines, as most powerplants are vastly more efficient (turning a higher % of fuel to energy) than a regular fuel-powered car's engine.
And yes this accounts for conversion losses with charging / discharging the battery.
If only tho that worked for planes but we will get there
The problem with continuous pulse and glide model is that when releasing the pedal engine braking will start and decrease the efficiency of glide. I don’t know if modern automatic cars allow coasting with disengaging gears
*manual user has entered the chat*
So use the clutch?...
depends how fast/what gear you're going, but if it's low enough RPM the engine braking effect will be minimal, and still more efficient. Low RPM is better for gas mileage anyway, and automatic cars tend to favor driving in higher gear if possible for that reason. But you can also always put it in neutral if you're gliding fast enough or downhill at all, or use the clutch.
If you guys made a movie just based off learning and different montages of artists I'd pay to watch it so many times.
Huh. The method described at the beginning is what I try to do whenever it's possible. It just feels instinctively right. I know nothing about machinery.
Sadly, it's hard to do that when you live in a city where cars are constantly stuck in traffic jams.
Who thinks that bicycle 🚲 is better than car if you travel short distances
Me 😁
I walk a km to metro
@@pranavgaur1086you be doing great exercise daily bro
I don't see why worry driving short distances when I have a bicycle ❤
The music behind is a banger.
2:09 since you are talking about a disesl engine, gas pedal does not control the amount of air entering the cylinder
I think this video is too-simplfied, where some statements are false. Yes, in non-turbo gas cars, the gas pedal directly controls air intake valve into the carburetor. The air intake is also connected with the fuel intake using venturi valve - meaning more air -> higher air pressure -> higher gas intake.
A lot of cars today use turbo and turbodiesel, as you said, you have direct injection, no carburetor, air coming from turbo... much more complicated system and much bigger involvement of computer to create this air and fuel mixture.
Few other things to mention about the video:
- There are 3 cylinder engines now, very efficient
- We cannot talk about EV, without mentioning the power to weight ratio of gas compared to batteries. Every EV that can take highways, with real (not advertised) range of 500km has like 2.5 tonnes because of batteries. Cars are almost like tanks, having much more energy in car accidents.
The video we’ve always wanted 🎉😮
Happy Teachers day ❤❤❤
As a technician, I watch this video with the same level of curiosity and wonder as i watch other TedEd's video about biology, history, mythology and riddles.
I thoroughly enjoyed the animation❤
That's why Electric car should be cheaper, right
Yeah you’re right. EVs should be cheaper 🫨
ATT LAASTT, an engine mechanics video! Im loooking for this!
I love your videos SO MUCH TED-ED
the video did mention where the source of the electricity matters, but what about the metals you needed to make those batteries. might be a good video idea
Its a first step for a greener energy in the future. why dont you think in a positive side? industrial factories are providing the EV industry now. It will change but it will take some time to adapt. Majority of our energy relies still in fossil fuels tho which is bad.
@@janstefanflores2624Why don't you think of the realistic side and realize that spending money on public transportation will also help with this and other problems?
@@kakahass8845 ok what im trying to see is a bigger picture that we can slowly transition from fossil fuels to EV. I understand your point where "those things are made of". Apologies mate but we need some emissions to start a greener energy.
@@janstefanflores2624That is not my point at all my point is that public transportation is a better solution than EVs and probably easier to implement too.
@@kakahass8845 i gotchu.
this animation and color palette is crazy good holy shoot
Interesting art style
Ted Ed you have outdone yourself👍😄
Amazing video! Thank you!
Love your content 🎉🎉🎉❤❤❤
It’s very well explained. You just forgot to mention that, in electrical cars, it’s the construction of the batteries, solar panels, etc that releases lots of co2
That is obvious, but probably wasn't mentioned because ICE cars and their thousands of parts also release lots of CO2 during at the manufacturing phase.
Nonsense, gas and diesel vehicles emit far, far more.
@@JakeRichardsong wait until you find out how they generate the electricity to power EVs 🤯
@@HIFLY01 Already know... most EVs in the US are in CA....solar power, wind power, hydropower, geothermal, and getting cleaner every day.
@@JakeRichardsong wait until you hear that they were running out of power and had to limit it for everything 🤯
Why is this animation so good 😅
Respect your best animation 💚🤍🧡🎉🎉🎉
Fantastic animation
A brilliant animation !
The animation is clean though, information preserved well in this vid
The animation in this one is off the charts
Wow.I really learnt alot about engines
Can you do the history on who made the cars and how the cars developed over the years please?
Wanted to see a video about ICEs
Got an ad for EV
Thanks for explaining!
If only we had more electric mass transit, that would be even more efficient at moving people.
It's on the way 😊
The company I work for just put 24 all electric mass transit vehicles on the road.
@@anonymousanonymous-tw3wm good to hear that's happening
People like to own their own house and go to and from when they please as they should be able to. Once you move outside the city you'll realize its not very practical especially for trains. Buses are one thing for larger towns but not every city has enough money to pay for them
electric motors actually do vary in efficiency over RPM, too, so the pulse and glide strategy could also be used
of course the effect is much lower in magnitude
I thought about this video on my commute to work this morning, lol. Too bad my commute is only 10 minutes.
Incredible animation
There’s a ted Ed talk where someone said that it takes 60 million tons of c02 to make a battery for one ev car. All that mining for lithium and the fact that you can’t recycle a battery and over time the battery becomes weaker until you replace it with another one that took 60 million tons of c02 goes to show you just how unclean evs really are
I might be an auto mechanic after college, but I'm really excited about EV's. I would love to have one.
You should know that the reason EV's haven't surpassed fossil fuel powered cars isn't because of their speed or price, but rather because how long it takes to charge them. If a fuel powered car is on empty it may take as short as 5 minutes to refuel, but if an EV's battery is drained it could take hours to fully charge. I'm not an electrical engineer, but it's my understanding that the technology simply doesn't exist yet to make EV batteries charge faster.
@@catdogmousecheeseI mean my family just charge our electric car at home nightly. Saved 100-200 dollars a month and only had to go to a charging station two times in one year. Unless you are going on a road trip or from city to city, electric cars are just more convenient
@@catdogmousecheese Not necessarily. Highly depends on where you are charging your EV. At home, sure - depending on where you live you only have a low voltage to fuel your car, but that shouldn’t be concerning as you typically charge over night. At gas stations, at least in Germany, there are most of the time super chargers, which let you charge your EV with up to 250kW. In my experience the charging process often only takes about 15 Minutes to get from 15 to 90%. That time is quite practical to get to the restroom, get something to eat or just walk around and relax your feet.
being a auto mechanic doesnt mean to work only with one type of engine, at least in my opinion
@@catdogmousecheese The technology is still in development. I'm particularly excited for when ev's have solid state batteries like in this video:
th-cam.com/users/shortsORfGt4Nh7hs?si=ZkQRpW0VMJ9idXP7
'evs have less moving parts' but require more children to mine the precious metals to make them
Gas gas gas! I’m gonna step on the gas!
Informative!
Video’s title: This is what happens when you hit the gas.
Video’s thumbnail: How does a car engine work?
Actual video: EVs and regenerative braking and stuff.
I’m used to getting clickbaited, but not usually by TED.
Imagine the amount of electrical energy would be needed to produce for EV-fication, grid's gonna feel that one.
Can you make a video on how to overcome peer pressure?
There should me more videos like this, they are really interresting and tell us about the real power off innovation. Just like a gas stove vs an induction one, the first one has a efficiency of 40% (most of the energy is dispersed in the air instead of cooking your food) meanwhile the induction stove has an efficiency of 90%. Even if the gas cost less, the induction stove is superior, by efficiency, the renewable energy source, for a civilization view point (so in the long run) che choice is obvious, even if now it's more pricy because of our economics, one day will also be the best choice by a economic view.
There's a reason Chefs don't use Induction..Unless forced to.
Amazing vid!
Love the animation
It's nice to finally see someone pay homage to the CGA graphics mode color scheme from 1980's computers.
As mentioned in the video, a normal combustion engine has a lot of moving parts. Each interaction is a point of friction and therefore loss of energy. Another thing to keep in mind is that they require cooling, oiling, and quality of life accessories. That means pumps to move various liquids around. Coolant and oil to keep the engine from destroying itself. Hydraulic fluids for power steering and breaking. Even your AC requires a pump and fan to cool your cabin. These are all leeches on power that would otherwise go towards the wheels. If you ever wonder why we have turbochargers instead of superchargers, this is the main reason why. Supers are driven by a belt connected to the engine, another power leech. You still gain more power than is lost, but worse than a turbo. Turbos, on the other hand, are driven by the exhaust of the engine, energy that would've been gone out of the tailpipe. There is still a small loss in power from a turbo, but that's mostly because it requires the engine to do a little bit more work to push exhaust through the turbo. For both chargers, the reason why you gain more power than is lost is because they compress the incoming air for the engine. More air means more fuel and better combustion.
Never seen EV without cooling, AC, steering or breaks.
@@drayke8886 He is talking about the engine alone. You only have maximum power to do all those stuff, as they are powered by the engine. Its why some vehicles need to turn off AC when they run up a steep hill.
@@resugram_YT thats the same exact thing for EVs...
@@HIFLY01the effects are not the same. AC in an internal combustion engine car leeches power from the engine, meaning less power for the wheels. AC in EV's leeches power from the battery, this does not affect the amount of power available to the wheels. It only affects the drain on the battery. It might even not be the same battery that is affected, I don't know. Anyway, you get the point. HP going to the wheels stays the same in EV's. Correct me if I'm wrong.
@@GierJoost true but unless you're driving a super old car it shouldn't have that much of an affect. Is the difference between 120 vs 110 going to matter? Probably not for most people. Your engine will try to increase its power and unless you're somehow always running at max rpms it shouldn't be an issue. Hauling a trailer or something heavy is one thing but doesn't really matter for most of the population. Not sure what year the other guy lives in because if a car cant go up a hill without an extra 3-10hp, it probably isn't the compressors fault
Great music and editting
"Gas, gas, gas
I'm gonna run as a flash
Tonight, I'll fight (to be the winner)
Yeah, yeah, yeah
I'm gonna step on the gas
And you'll see the big show"
-Manuel.
(this should've been the opening quote)
Well done animated
Idk, why this video started as a explanatory video for combustion engines and trailed off into a „propaganda“ video for electric mobility….😂
Really nice animation! Very neo noir style.
I appreciate that they included nuclear power plants in their illustration of a renewable electricity grid
5:42
🍃 ⚡️ ☢️⚡️🍃
Saame :)
Thank you, very explanatory
There are no "explosions" in an ICE. That would blow the engine up. They are slow, controlled burns called "deflagration"
The animation is meta ❤
One thing to note with the electric cars being green, a great problem is what happens when the battery is unoperative, that stuff polutes evenmore dead than alive
correction : trains.
Also, electric cars do emit particles through tires and suspensions
Now these are the questions I care about.