Evaluating Clip-On Ferrite Beads with your nanoVNA (075)

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 1 ก.พ. 2025

ความคิดเห็น • 126

  • @WECB640
    @WECB640 10 วันที่ผ่านมา +6

    Whenever I see that Ralph has posted a new video, I stop whatever I'm doing, sit down and pay attention. There is always so much to learn and his videos are consistently exceptional. 73 OM 👍

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      Thanks! That is very encouraging. 🙂

  • @mikesradiorepair
    @mikesradiorepair 11 วันที่ผ่านมา +16

    One thing I learned a long time ago, buy name brand ferrite. Only thing in use in my shack and on my work bench's is Fair-Rite brand. Buy once, cry once. Well worth the additional cost in my opinion. The three handiest mixes for use in amateur radio are type 31, 43 and 61. Just be sure to pick the correct mix for the frequency of concern.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Great advice! I cannot agree more. Ya get what you pay for! 🙂

    • @leakyboatent
      @leakyboatent 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Hi, just about all Toriod cores for Unun's are recommended 43 mix.
      According to my charts 43 has the frequency range 25MHz - 300MHz.
      This does not cover example 80M,60M,40M etc bands.
      Why are we not advised to use 31 mix at range 1MHz - 300MHz.
      Thanks

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      @@leakyboatent Well ... THAT is a worthy conundrum! The reason is that toroids have two possible main purposes. First is EMI suppression. Second are transformers such as BALUNs and UNUNs. The mixes used for each of these applications are different. Using your example, you can use the 43 mix for EMI suppression in the 25-300MHz range and for transformer application in the 1 MHz to 300 MHz (using your numbers without looking them up for myself).
      Does this make sense? 🙂

    • @jampskan5690
      @jampskan5690 9 วันที่ผ่านมา

      To be fair, they all had a similar suppression pattern, rite? (some of you will see what I did there ;) You'd just have to use more for that specific cheaper brand, totally fine for an application that doesn't need to be visually appealing. That said, I would still pay more to know that the frequencies I want to suppress are actually being suppressed vs taking a shot in the dark and wasting money on nothing. Quality products require quality engineers, quality engineers cost good money. I will spend money good on Koala-T!

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  8 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@jampskan5690 None of these very generic ferrites will "fess up" to who they are manufactured by. No markings of any kind. Yup ... pay for the quality and enjoy the performance. 🙂

  • @RBMD2A
    @RBMD2A 11 วันที่ผ่านมา +8

    Excellent video.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Thanks! 🙂

  • @biffjones2601
    @biffjones2601 8 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    I really like your useful presentation, explanation, information, video and audio. Thank you.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  7 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Thank you so much ... and you are very welcome! 🙂

  • @SkyhawkSteve
    @SkyhawkSteve 10 วันที่ผ่านมา +6

    VNAs are great tools, and the availability of the inexpensive ones is great for the hobbyist. As for ferrites, I spent a lot of time working on EMC problems, and a selection of clip-on ferrites is very handy. Our lab used Fair-rite ferrites mostly. You do need to select the correct material for the frequency range of interest, and you should select the ferrite that fits snugly around the cable. The impedance of the ferrite will be reduced when there is a gap. As you note, you do need to read the data sheet and understand it. Measuring the ferrite is useful, but be aware that they usually have a large tolerance. I recall that a tolerance of 25% was pretty typical. It's more useful to just buy a good ferrite from Fair-rite or Wurth or other reputable supplier.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      Thank you for the great advise! I cannot agree with you more. 🙂

  • @Electrotech1980
    @Electrotech1980 10 วันที่ผ่านมา +2

    Great job, thanks.I had a problem with my washing machine on 80m. I purchased from Mouser 2 clip-on ferrite beads that worked best at low frequencies. The idea was that I was able to look at the datasheets with curves. I then clipped them on the power cord of the washing machine, with 2 wraps each. It worked. Buying a known ferrite is the best!

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      I LOVE the success stories! 🙂
      I wish I could put a ferrite on the entire city of Dubuque! We have an S7 to S9 noise level here and it is guys to the south of the city and guys to the north all have the same issue. I've turned off my own main breaker and ran my radio off battery ... no difference. 😞

    • @arnoldgrubbs2005
      @arnoldgrubbs2005 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@eie_for_you I know of what you speak! Keep after it, you will find what it is eventually! I have had s7-s9 noise here in my town, which is power line induced. It changes with weather, and seems to follow a HV feeder that passes my house about 300 ft to the east of my house . 4 or 5 blocks on either side of the line, the noise tapers off. It also reduced a lot last spring, but it seems to be coming back. Interesting thing, I had the power line drop coming to the house from the alley put underground (at my own expense) to give me more room for antenna construction, and while that was in process I noticed my neighbor had his power drop from the pole to the house and it was rubbing on a large tree limb. I noticed also that someone (doubt it was the utilities people) had wrapped what looked like part of a rubber door mat around where it contacted the tree and secured it with zip ties. So, I will be looking at this a little closer when the weather warms up this spring! I suspect that there was or is still leakage to the tree when the tree is moving in the wind, and it makes its way back to the feeder by the transformer in the alley passing the noise to the primary side. It then radiates out from that line which runs to a much larger substation 5-6 blocks north of me. 73 and good hunting!

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      @@arnoldgrubbs2005 I hope to do a mobile search with my RF Explorer and a portable antenna....sometime! 🙂

    • @audiobrian1
      @audiobrian1 4 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @Electrotech1980 can you share a link for the Mouser beads that you selected and successfully tested, please?

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  4 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @ Yes, please share your discoveries. 🙂

  • @leomartihart
    @leomartihart 6 วันที่ผ่านมา

    gracias por tu trabajo!!

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  5 วันที่ผ่านมา

      You are very welcome! 🙂

  • @Conjugate-Match
    @Conjugate-Match 10 วันที่ผ่านมา +4

    Ralph, I'm sure you know this already, but I'll state it for the benefit of your audience.
    3 turns of a wire through a single ferrite would be MUCH more effective than a single wire passing through 3 ferrites. If you're shopping, buy larger diameter ferrites and wind your wire/coax through as many time as it will fit, I recommend a minimum of 3 turns for good attenuation. Type 31 and/or 43 are great for common mode or noise attenuation in the ham bands.
    I really like your testing jig, and will make one. The multi-turn effect could be easily demonstrated using it.
    Thanks for your very informative channel. I enjoy one or more of your vids just about every day.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      There ye go! Each additional turn adds some benefit. But, it is the law of diminishing returns, as I show in the video. Yes, each additional turn adds more benefit, but less than the previously added turn. 🙂

    • @echadmiyodea
      @echadmiyodea 10 วันที่ผ่านมา +2

      When you say "turns" you mean winding the wire through the hole and around the outside of the body of the ferrite, as in repeating loops through the ferrite?

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@echadmiyodea Each pass through the ferrite is a "turn." The key is that the wire passes *through* the ferrite. Having it beside the ferrite, on the outside, doesn't count. 🙂

    • @lumpyfishgravy
      @lumpyfishgravy 7 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Up to a point. Inter-turn capacitance (mutual inductance in the case of shielded cable) will affect the higher frequency performance. But if you cascade one single turn and one multi-turn, perhaps you get the best of both worlds. I don't have the kit to measure that, unfortunately.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  7 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@lumpyfishgravy Well ... sounds like the voice of a truly inquisitive experimenter to me! 🙂

  • @AC7WH
    @AC7WH 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Very informative and well-done video! Thank you so much for completing these tests and sharing your test results. Blessings to you and your family. ~ 73 ~ AC7WH - C.A.R.S.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  9 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      Thank you so much! It was most certainly a fun video to produce. Thank you for the blessing for me and my family! 🙂

    • @AC7WH
      @AC7WH 9 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@eie_for_you Excellent! And you're very welcome!

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  8 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      @ 🙂

  • @wh0tube
    @wh0tube 9 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Not The Fair-Right Company! 😁 Great video, very useful 👍 thank you 🙏

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  8 วันที่ผ่านมา

      LOL! Thanks! 🙂

  • @johnclements3441
    @johnclements3441 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Excellent! Never thought of putting one on a VNA but makes sense why my cheap Amazon ones provided little real value.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Thank you! 🙂

  • @kenmartin1211
    @kenmartin1211 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Interesting and helpful. Thank You

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  9 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Thank you ... and you're welcome! 🙂

  • @marcfruchtman9473
    @marcfruchtman9473 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Interesting. Thanks for the video.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Thank you ... and you are very welcome! 🙂

  • @TH-1207
    @TH-1207 10 วันที่ผ่านมา +2

    I don't recall you mentioning anything about the ferrite material. That makes a big difference too. A question how much difference does the split core make. They are convenient but at what price to performance?

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      I did, indeed, make a note to pick the right material for the job.
      Good point about the split core. I would assume that the split core is a compromise for the convenience of being a clip on. I'm not sure how much that affects overall performance. 🙂

    • @OH8EFI
      @OH8EFI 9 วันที่ผ่านมา

      I think material is the same thing as "mix" or..?

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  9 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@OH8EFI As I understand it ... yes. 🙂

  • @brunonikodemski2420
    @brunonikodemski2420 10 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    Per the comments, you get what you actually should be buying. Ferrites come in all sorts of dissipation ranges and losses. Some are virtually lossless and we used these in HF transformers. The FairRite company catalog is a very good reference source for the actual specs. We did EMI/EMC engineering with these types of things, and they are often ineffective on cables, since that depends on placement. EMI is a common problem now from spread spectrum computer power suppies, and one bead is not going to add much to attenuating the noise level. The cable lengths act as antennas at specific resonant frequencies, so unless you emplace different freq-ranges of ferrites, you won't get much attenuation over a large band. As per the video, the "longer the bead" the better the attentuation. An actual pipe would be the best.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      When many people look at all of these specifications, their eyes glaze over, not sure what it all means. This is why, in the end, if we are not sure what we are looking at when we look at the catalog, their is always customer support. 🙂

  • @lumpyfishgravy
    @lumpyfishgravy 7 วันที่ผ่านมา

    When putting two chokes in series, I'm interested what happens if you put two turns on just one of them. I would expect to see a better low frequency performance.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  7 วันที่ผ่านมา

      This sounds like a nice experiment to try! 🙂

  • @SQ5TK
    @SQ5TK 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Great video, thank you.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Thank you! And you are welcome! 🙂

  • @fnordist
    @fnordist 9 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Just a little real-world experience with common mode suppression at high power levels: start with 3-4 ferrites at the beginning that only suppress a little, as they heat up less. Then use ones that suppress more effectively later on, since heat degrade their suppression, especially in the summer.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  9 วันที่ผ่านมา

      WOW! That is great advice! 🙂

  • @jmcexx
    @jmcexx 9 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Nice video! Is there significance to the clip leads of your fixture being 90 degrees apart leaving the connectors? Or is that just describing what you did? Reduce magnetic coupling in the fixture?

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  9 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      Thank you! It is to reduce the signal coupling for the isolation tests. Conductors at 90 degrees to each other have a lot harder time inducing signals in each other.🙂

    • @jmcexx
      @jmcexx 9 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@eie_for_you Thanks for the clarification. Seems like an important detail.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  9 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@jmcexx You are welcome! 🙂

  • @peterdambier
    @peterdambier 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Very helpful. I am experimenting with Flowerpot Antennas for 2m and 70cm and for digital vhf radio. I guess they will do the job but they are not great. Cherio, Peter DL2FBA

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Cool! 🙂

  • @OH8EFI
    @OH8EFI 9 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Thing that annoys me. Why on earth they won't mark down the mix in any ferrites??

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  9 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Now THAT is a good point! 🙂

    • @OH8EFI
      @OH8EFI 9 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @eie_for_you Before I saw this video, I had a bit of a problem of having cheapo snap ons and proper ones on the shelf. I gotta test this out. Oh, and same for toroids! Good luck trying to remember which ones were #43, #31 and #52 mixes! A bit of paint on the side wouldn't hurt on manufacturing side. Though, dumb user like me forgot to mark down what they were when I got them

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  9 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      @@OH8EFI A lot of toroids are, indeed, color coded ... if you can remember what the codes mean. At least you can group them by color! 😁
      If I remember right, Amidon tells you what their color codes mean on their data sheets. 🙂

  • @meinsda5983
    @meinsda5983 11 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Very interesting your video! But whats the difference if you put in and out throuth the ferrite?

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Thank you!
      Putting the wire multiple times thought the ferrite is similar to adding ferrites to the wire. It sounds like a good experiment for your bench! 🙂

    • @meinsda5983
      @meinsda5983 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@eie_for_you i don't mean that you multiple times. You have a output signal, go thourh the ferrit and goes to the input of your mesure instrument. The current goes over GND in the intstrument back. But look of the most time used. The roudn trip line goes thouth the ferrit.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@meinsda5983 Hmmm...I'm not quite getting what you are trying to say. 😕

    • @meinsda5983
      @meinsda5983 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@eie_for_you if you use ferrite beads in data lines then you have two lines through them. A data line and a gnd line. In your experiment you only have the data line. The ground connection goes an other way

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  9 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@meinsda5983 Aaaah yes! And the same principle applies in both directions. 🙂

  • @x_CrossHair_x
    @x_CrossHair_x 9 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Is there a way to determine the "Impedance" of an "EFHW" End Fed Half Wave - Long Wire antenna using a "Nano VNA" so that I can choose the correct ratio 1:1 / 4:1 / 9:1 / 49:1 or even perhaps a 64:1 UnUn Matching Transformer. so that I can be confident it is Matched to 50 Ohms for my Radio.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  9 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Having no personal experience with End Fed Half Wave Antennas, I can only repeat what I've been told by those who have ... 9:1. 🙂

    • @galileo_rs
      @galileo_rs 3 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Can you measure a piece of wire 1m long (EFHW for a 2M band)?

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  3 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@galileo_rs First of all, I'm not sure if you are trying to measure its end-to-end response or its its swr or its impedance. Could you please be more clear in what you are trying to accomplish?
      Second, I do not do acronyms. I can only guess at a host of possible meanings which does not help in clear communication. 🙂

    • @galileo_rs
      @galileo_rs 3 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@eie_for_you It wasn't a question, it was a response to the previous question.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  3 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      @ Aaaaaaaahhhh! I missed that! When I click on the comment, it doesn't bring up what came before and it gives no indication to me that I have some context to consider. Sorry for the misunderstanding!
      The VNA needs both the signal and the return. A simple wire hanging out there without some sort of return path won't work.
      Your end fed half wave antenna also needs a "counterpoise" as I understand it. This functions as the "return path" for the feedline.
      So, if you have your antenna and its counterpoise connected to the nanoVNA, then it will, indeed, tell you what it sees.
      I hope this helps.
      Again, sorry for the misunderstanding. 🙂

  • @halledwardb
    @halledwardb 11 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    Cool another project I can do with the girls!
    Our lives could be better at 14mhz around this house. 😂
    Thanks!

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      I'm glad that you found this video helpful ... and fun! It was most certainly a fun one to produce. 🙂

  • @daveN2MXX
    @daveN2MXX 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Excellent video. Compairing cheap amazon clip on ferrite devices to a larger piece of ferrite from fair-rite isn't really a fair comparison. You did a great job showing that the fair-rite device is superior, but amazon ferrites are a fraction of the cost....and if you don't need a tremendous amount of attenuation, then a few turns around the amazon clip on ferrites are probably good enough and will cost less.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  9 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      Thank you! I don't know if you noticed that I compared a similar size cheap Amazon tubular ferrite to a very generic box style to a genuine Fair-Rite box style.
      You are right, though, if you do not need a lot of attenuation, then the cheapies will work just fine. It is all about the application. Figure out what you need and select the ferrite that will do it for you. 🙂

    • @daveN2MXX
      @daveN2MXX 9 วันที่ผ่านมา

      ​@eie_for_you thank you again for the excellent video!

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  9 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@daveN2MXX You are *very* welcome! 🙂

  • @arekx
    @arekx 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Somehow I missed info about the cost... like if 3x beads cost more or less than 1x the other thing?

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Well ... the cost is very, very supplier specific. So, quoting costs wouldn't be too helpful here.
      Furthermore, there are a lot more factors involved than just cost ... like space considerations and dissipation factors and more. This is why you have to do your homework. 🙂

  • @EI6DP
    @EI6DP 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Very interesting.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Thanks! 🙂

  • @jeffreyyoung4104
    @jeffreyyoung4104 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Excellent video!
    Black ceramic can be made with any kind of junk, and the people who sell them are only after your money, with the least amount of outlay on their part. And you have no way of telling from any of their ads if they are worth anything until you buy them and try them...

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Thank you! And you are right ... that is why it is so important to go to a known good supplier like Fair-Rite. 🙂

  • @Grassland-Outpost
    @Grassland-Outpost 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

    But, but … mix 31 clip-ons are expensive. :-). Great video, I’ve wondered about how to easily test them.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      Yeah ... they aren't always a cheap as we would like, but if we want to get the job done, we have to pay the price, eh?
      I'm glad that you found the video helpful. 🙂

  • @ehsnils
    @ehsnils 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Good idea. It did look like the wire wasn't insulated and I'd probably like to run an insulated wire just to make this more realistic. I have purchased my ferrites from a source I think is having a decent assortment. I did pick them based on the quality impression they gave and not on what they stated on ebay or some other grey web trading site like the jungle site. (Robot Cantina name for a well known site)

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Yep, the wire isn't insulated as I stated in the video. I'm glad you found a good source of ferrites. 🙂

  • @ea77hj
    @ea77hj 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Good and enlightening tutorial. Grateful.
    Any ferrite that works well in HF?
    Which of them should we buy?
    Thank you so much. EA7HJ

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      Thank you! Here is a quote from one of the other comments that might help ...
      "The three handiest mixes for use in amateur radio are type 31, 43 and 61. Just be sure to pick the correct mix for the frequency of concern."
      When in doubt, contact the manufacturer. They are often very helpful in selecting a ferrite for your application from among their products. 🙂

    • @ea77hj
      @ea77hj 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Many thanks. 73

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@ea77hj You are very welcome! 🙂

  • @qutips33
    @qutips33 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

    hi thanks for the info. i have a question for you is it possible to use rig ekspert stick 500 to measure db deping through ferrite cores ?????

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      You need a 2 port measuring device to do this measurement. The Stick 500 is a single port device; it measures things like SWR, return loss, impedance, and the like. It cannot measure things like filter frequency response. This ferrite business is, in essence, a frequency response-type test. 🙂

  • @sampamnl.8964
    @sampamnl.8964 7 วันที่ผ่านมา

    ขอบคุณมากครับกีบสาระดีๆ

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  6 วันที่ผ่านมา

      You are very welcome! 🙂

  • @dynahenry5733
    @dynahenry5733 12 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    More than 3 ferrites in a row result in 3 turns through one and the same ferrite.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      Kinda, sorta true ... when we pass the wire through a single ferrite multiple times it is very much like putting the clip on ferrite on an existing inductor. The turns of the wire like that create a coil (read inductor). The ferrite, then, makes the inductance of this inductor even larger. So, we get *more* effect with three turns through the same ferrite than we would with three of the same ferrite in a row on a single wire/cable. 🙂

  • @donnieking2610
    @donnieking2610 11 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    Thank you for your videos kk4ekk

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      You are very welcome! 🙂

  • @Notmy00000
    @Notmy00000 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

    🙏🙏🙏🙏from 🇳🇱NL

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Thanks! 🙂

  • @StephanLuik1
    @StephanLuik1 10 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    If you need clip-on ferrites to solve a problem, then the circuit design is bad.

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  10 วันที่ผ่านมา +3

      True that! But we often have no choice but to accept the shortcomings of other people's designs. Thus, we are stuck with clip on ferrites. 🙂

  • @a68k_de
    @a68k_de 9 วันที่ผ่านมา

    lol wenn wieder einmal die Übersetzung des Titels und der Beschreibung vollkommen in die Hose geht...

    • @eie_for_you
      @eie_for_you  9 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Gotta love those AI translations! LOL 🙂

  • @GworxOz3953
    @GworxOz3953 10 วันที่ผ่านมา +2

    Please keep your silly bible bashing to yourself.

  • @lmwlmw4468
    @lmwlmw4468 8 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    Great video.